Multiple Sclerosis Flashcards
What is multiple sclerosis?
An inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the CNS
Give some features of multiple sclerosis
Pyramidal dysfunction
Optic neuritis
Lower urinary tract dysfunction
Cognitive impairment
Pyramidal dysfunction in MS may cause what symptoms?
Increased tone
Spasticity
Weakness
What sensory symptoms may be seen in MS?
Pain
Paraesthesia
Numbness
What signs of cerebellar dysfunction may be seen in MS?
Ataxia
Intention tremor
Past pointing
Nystagmus
What urinary tract symptoms may be seen in MS?
Frequency
Nocturia
Urge incontinence
What imaging is done to diagnose MS?
MRI
What is present in the CSF of an MS patient?
Oligoclonal bands
How is an acute exacerbation of MS treated?
Moderate - oral steroids
Severe - IV steroids
How can pyramidal dysfunction in MS be treated?
Physiotherapy
Anti-spasmodic agent
How can spasticity in MS be treated?
Physiotherapy
Baclofen
Botulinum
How can sensory symptoms in MS be treated?
Anti-convulsant
Anti-depressant
Acupunture
How can lower urinary tract dysfunction in MS be treated?
Anti-cholinergics
Desmopressin
Catheterisation
What is the first line therapy in MS?
Interferon beta
Glatiramer acetate
Tecfedira
What is the second line therapy in MS?
Monoclonal antibody
Fingolimod
