Flashcards in Musc they missed out but said was important Deck (10)
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1
Growth plate (epiphyseal plate) location and structure
at the metaphysis between the shaft and head of long bones. Made of hyaluronic acid with embedded chondrocytes
2
growth plate function
allows growth of shaft of long bones, whilst leaving head for articulation
3
Structure of the growth plate (from head of bone to shaft/resting part to growing part)
Reserve zone -> Proliferative zone -> hypertrophic and maturational zone -> zone of provisional ossification/calcification -> zone of ossification within metaphysis
4
Structure of synovial joint
see diagram.
bone with articular cartilage at joint. Encased in synovial membrane forming synovial cavity with synovial fluid. Joint capsule encases everything and ligaments and tendons insert around it to bone via entheses. Bursa may surround joint, also filled with synovial fluid, lie outside joint capsule but surround joint
5
describe and explain stages of bone healing
haematoma and inflammation due to breaking of blood vessels in bone
soft callous = angiogenesis and chondracytes make collagen and proteoglycans
hard callous = chrondracytes ossify forming woven bone
bone remodelling and lamellar bone is formed
6
Types of cells in synovium and what they resemble
Type A = macrophages
Type B = synovial fibroblast
7
Role and prominent features of Type A synovial cells
Resemble macrophages
Phagocytosis and immune response (key in rheumatoid arthritis)
Mitochondria prominent
8
Role and prominent features of Type B synovial cells
Synovial fibroblasts
Secrete hyaluronic acid (non-sulphated GAG in synovial fluid)
Prominent ER
9
Wolff's law states that...
and results
Bones grow and remodel based on the forces applied to them (in healthy bone)
Compression -> decreased growth
Tension -> increased growth/extension of bone
10
