Musclar System Flashcards
(35 cards)
What is skeletal muscle tissue?
- Voluntary control
- Attached to bone
- Responsible for body mobility
What are three types of muscle tissue?
- Skeletal muscle tissue
- Cardiac muscle tissue
- Smooth muscle tissue
What is cardiac muscle tissue?
- Involuntary control
- Found in the walls of the heart
- Built in rhythm to pump the blood of the heart
What is smooth muscle tissue?
- Involuntary control
- Found in the walls of hollow organs (Vessels, stomach, intestines)
What are the four characteristics of muscle tissue?
- Excitability
- Contractibility
- Extensibility
- Elasticity
Of the characteristics of muscle tissue what is excitability?
-The ability to receive and respond to a stimulus (any change in the internal or external environment)
Of the characteristics of muscle tissue what is contractility?
-The ability to shorten forcibly when adequately stimulated
Of the characteristics of muscle tissue what is extensibility?
The ability to extend or stretch
The characteristics muscle tissue what is elasticity?
The ability of a muscle to recoil in resume it’s resting length after stretching
What are four different types of muscle functions?
- Produce movement
- Maintain posture and body position
- Stabilize joints
- Generate heat
Of the muscle functions how do they produce movement?
- All movements of the human body result from muscle contraction
- Blood moves through the body because of rhythmic contraction of the heart
Of the muscle functions what is maintaining posture and body position?
Muscles contract continuously, making tiny adjustments to counteract the downward pull of gravity
Of the muscle functions how do they stabilize joints?
When muscles pull on bones to cause movement, they stabilize and strengthen the joints of the skeleton
Of the muscle functions how do they generate heat?
Muscle generate heat as they contract, which is vital to maintaining normal body temperature
What are the four functional groups of muscles?
- Agonists
- Antagonist
- Synergist
- Fixator
What is agonists in the functional groups of muscles?
- A.k.a. prime movers
- The primary muscle responsible for producing a specific movement
What is antagonist in the functional groups of muscles?
- A muscle that opposes a particular movement
- When a prime mover contracts, the antagonist helps to regulate the action by contracting slightly to provide some resistance
- (to make it a smooth motion)
What is synergist in the functional groups of muscles?
A muscle that helps prime movers by either adding a little extra force or reducing unnecessary movements
What is fixator in functional groups of muscles?
A synergist that immobilizes a bone or muscle’s origin so the primary mover has a stable base on which to act
Name the seven skeletal muscles?
- Muscle location
- Muscle shape
- Muscle size
- Direction of muscle fibers
- Number of origins
- Location of attachments
- Muscle action
What are the 6 of the upper extremity and back muscles?
- Trapezius
- Deltoid
- Latissimus Dorsi
- Pectoralis major
- Biceps brachii
- Triceps brachii
What are 4 of the Lower Extremity muscles?
- Gluteus Maximus
- Quadriceps Femoris
- Hamstrings
- Gastrocnemius
What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Trapezius muscle?
Origin: Occipital bone, spinous processes of cervical and thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: Clavicle and Scapula
Action: Scapular election, depression, retraction, and upward rotation
What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Deltoid muscle?
Origin: Clavicle and Scapula
Insertion: Humorous
Action: Shoulder flexion and medial internal rotation
