Muscle Actions

Question 1

Buccinator

Answer 1

compresses cheek, pulls the corner of the mouth laterally

Question 2

Epicranius frontal belly

Answer 2

wrinkles the skin of the forehead and elevates eyebrows (facial expressions)

Question 3

Epicranius occipital belly

Answer 3

fix scalp in place or retract it

Question 4

Orbicularis Oris

Answer 4

closes and purses lips

Question 5

Orbicularis oculi

Answer 5

Closes eyes, allows to blink, wink and squint. Also lowers eyebrows.

Question 6

Platysma

Answer 6

tenses skin of neck and pulls lower lip down and back. Also helps lower the mandible

Question 7

Zygomaticus major and minor

Answer 7

pulls the corner of the mouth upward

Question 8

masseter

Answer 8

raises mandible to close mouth

Question 9

temporalis

Answer 9

raise and retract mandible

Question 10

digastric

Answer 10

raises the hyoid and lowers mandible. (used in speech, swallowing and chewing)

Question 11

sternocleidomastoid

Answer 11

flexes the neck when both are contracted, rotates the head and points face toward opposite shoulder when only one is contracted.

Question 12

Deltoid

Answer 12

Main muscle that abducts arm, flexes and extends arm, rotates humerus.

Question 13

Pectoralis major

Answer 13

main muscle that flexes the arm or humerus, adducts the arm, medially rotates the arm, and elevates chest upward.

Question 14

Pectoralis minor

Answer 14

protract and lowers scapula, elevates rib cage

Question 15

serratus anterior

Answer 15

superior rotation of scapula, protract scapula, causes punching or pushing movement

Question 16

external intercostals

Answer 16

raises ribcage when inhaling

Question 17

internal intercostals

Answer 17

lowers ribcage when exhaling

Question 18

diaphram

Answer 18

moves down and flattens when you inhale, bulges upward when exhaling

Question 19

rectus abdominus

Answer 19

flexes and rotates vertebral column, increases abdominal pressure, steadies the pelvis when walking, lowers ribcage

Question 20

transverse abdominus

Answer 20

helps to support abdominal contents

Question 21

external oblique and internal oblique

Answer 21

compresses abdominal wall, laterally flexes vertebral column, steadies vertebral column when lifting something heavy, plays a role in posture, plus all rectus abdominus actions.

Question 22

linea alba

Answer 22

tendon-like band between rectus abdominus

Question 23

what does the erector spinae group consist of

Answer 23

iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

Question 24

erector spinae group

Answer 24

extend and laterally flex their vertebral column, and extends and rotates the neck

Question 25

trapezius

Answer 25

raises, lowers scapula, rotates and pulls scapula toward midline

Question 26

latissimus dorsi

Answer 26

main muscle that extends the arm, adducts arm, rotates humerus medially

Question 27

teres minor

Answer 27

rotates humerus laterally

Question 28

supraspinatus

Answer 28

abducts arm

Question 29

infraspinatus

Answer 29

rotates humerus laterally

Question 30

subscapularis

Answer 30

rotates humerus medially

Question 31

rhomboid minor and major

Answer 31

rotates scapula to help lower arm, helps pull scapula toward midline

Question 32

levator scapulae

Answer 32

helps pull scapula toward midline, elevates scapula, laterally flexes the neck.

Question 33

Coracobrachialis

Answer 33

flexes and rotates humerus medially

Question 34

Biceps brachii

Answer 34

main muscle that flexes the forearm, also supinates forearm

Question 35

brachialis

Answer 35

flexes forearm

Question 36

brachioradialis

Answer 36

flexes forearm

Question 37

triceps brachii

Answer 37

main muscle that extends forearm

Question 38

supinator

Answer 38

supinates forearm

Question 39

pronator teres

Answer 39

rotate (pronate) forearm

Question 40

flexor carpi radialis

Answer 40

flexes wrist, abducts hand

Question 41

flexor carpi ulnaris

Answer 41

flexes wrist, adducts hand

Question 42

flexor digitorum superficialis

Answer 42

flexes fingers and wrist (not thumb)

Question 43

flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 43

flexes fingers and wrist (not thumb)

Question 44

flexor pollicus longus

Answer 44

thumb flexor

Question 45

pulmaris longus

Answer 45

flexes wrist, tenses skin of palm

Question 46

flexor retinaculum

Answer 46

holds flexor tendons in the wrist (connective tissue collar)

Question 47

extensor carpi radialis longus

Answer 47

extends wrist, abducts hand

Question 48

extensor carpi radialis brevis

Answer 48

extends wrist, abducts hand

Question 49

extensor carpi ulnaris

Answer 49

wrist extender, adducts hand

Question 50

extensor digitorum

Answer 50

finger and wrist extender

Question 51

extensor pollicis longus

Answer 51

thumb extender

Question 52

extensor pollicis brevis

Answer 52

thumb extender

Question 53

extensor retinaculum

Answer 53

holds extensor tendons on wrist (connective tissue collar)

Question 54

iliopsoas

Answer 54

consists of psoas major and illiacus

Question 55

illiacus

Answer 55

flex the thigh and vertebral column, laterally flexes vertebral column

Question 56

sartorius

Answer 56

flexes thigh, abducts thigh and rotates thigh laterally, also flexes leg

Question 57

gracilis

Answer 57

adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg below the knee

Question 58

gluteus maximus

Answer 58

abducts thigh, rotates thigh laterally, extends thigh when walking up an incline

Question 59

gluteus medius and minimus

Answer 59

abducts thigh, rotates thigh medially, steadies pelvis

Question 60

tensor fasciae latae

Answer 60

flex thigh, abduct thigh, rotate thigh medially, steadies trunk and braces the knee

Question 61

adductor longus and brevis

Answer 61

adducts thigh, rotates thigh medially, flexes thigh

Question 62

adductor mangus

Answer 62

adducts thigh, rotate thigh medially, can flex the thigh, extend thigh

Question 63

quadriceps group

Answer 63

consists of rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius

Question 64

rectus femoris

Answer 64

extends leg, stabilizes the knee, flexes thigh and vertebral column

Question 65

vastus lateralis, medialis, and intermedius

Answer 65

extends leg, stabilizes the knee