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Muscle Origin/Insertion/Action Flashcards

1
Q

Upper Trapezius

A

Origin - external occipital protuberance, C2-C7 down the ligamentum nuchae SP
Insertion - Acromion and clavicle
Action - elevation, and upward rotation of the scapula

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2
Q

Levator Scapulae

A

Origin - TPs cervical spine
Insertion - superior angle of scapula
Action - elevation of the scapula

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3
Q

Rhomboid minor (higher or above major)

A

O - SPs of C7-T1
I - Medial border of the spine of scapula
A - retraction and elevation of scapula

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4
Q

Rhomboid Major

A

O - SPs of T2-T5
I - medial border of scapula below the spine
A - Retraction and elevation of scapula

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5
Q

Lower Trapezius

A

O - SPs of T4-T12
I - Spine of the scapula
A - Retraction, depression and upward rotation of scapula

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6
Q

Latissimus Dorsi - depressor (scapula), extensor (shoudler), adductor (shoulder), internal rotator

A

O -SPs of T6-L5, ribs 10-12, iliac crest
I - inferior angle of the scapula and medial border of intertubercular groove (humerus)
A - depression of scapula, extension, adduction, and internal rotation of humerus

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7
Q

Serratus Anterior - protractor, upward rotator

A

O - ribs 8-9
I - Anterior surface of medial border of scapula
A -protraction and upward rotation

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8
Q

Pectoralis Minor - protraction, downward rotator

A

O - anterior surface of ribs 3-5
I - coracoid process of the scapula
A - protraction and downward rotation

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9
Q

Middle Trapezius - retractor, upward rotator

A

O - SPs C7-T4
I - acromion and the spine of scapula
A - retraction and upward rotation of scapula

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10
Q

Subclavius - depressor, protractor

A

O - first rib
I - inferior surface of clavicle (subclavian groove)
A - depression, protraction

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11
Q

Pectoralis Major - flexor, adductor (shoulder), internal rotator

A

O - bit of clavicle, sternum, cartilage of ribs 1-7
I - lateral border of intertubercular groove
A - flexion, adduction, internal rotation, horizontal adduction

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12
Q

Anterior Deltoid - flexor

A

O - lateral 1-3 of clavicle
I - deltoid tuberosity
A - flexion, internal rotation, and hz adduction

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13
Q

Long head biceps brachii - flexor

A

O - supraglenoid tubercle
I - radial tuberosity and biceps aponeurosis
A - flexion and abduction of shoulder, flexion and supination of the forearm

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14
Q

Coracobrachialis - flexor, adductor (shoulder)

A

O - coracoid process of scapula
I - anteromedial surface of humeral distal to the crest of lesser tubercle
A - flexion and adduction of shoudler

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15
Q

Teres major - extensor (shoulder), adductor (shoulder), internal rotator

A

O - posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
I - medial border of intertubercular groove (humerus)
A - extension, adduction, and internal rotation of humerus

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16
Q

Triceps Brachii (long head) - extensor (shoulder)

A

O - infraglenoid tubercle
I - olecranon (ulna)
A - extension and adduction of the shoulder, elbow extension

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17
Q

Posterior Deltoid - extensor (shoulder)

A

O - inferior border of the spine of scapula
I - deltoid tuberosity
A - extension and external rotation of the shoulder

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18
Q

Middle Deltoid (support from ant and post delt) - abductor (shoulder)

A

O - lateral border of acromion
I - deltoid tuberosity
A - abduction

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19
Q

Supraspinatus - abductor, external rotator (shoulder), part of RC

A

O - supraspinous fossa of scapula
I - superior portion of the greater tubercle
A - first 15 degrees of abduction assist in external rotation. Compresses humeral head against glenoid fossa

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20
Q

Infraspinatus - external rotator, part of RC

A

O - infraspinous fossa of scapula
I - greater tubercle
A - lateral rotation. Exerts depressive force on humeral head

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21
Q

Teres minor - external rotator, part of RC

A

O - lateral border of posterior surface of the scapula
I - greater tubercle
A - lateral rotation. Exert depressive force on humeral head

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22
Q

Subscapularis - internal rotator, part of RC

A

O - subscapular fossa (anterior face of scapula
I - lesser tubercle
A - medial rotation and adduction of shoulder. Exert depressive force on humeral head

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23
Q

Splenius Capitus - superficial layer of back muscle

A

O - nuchal ligament and SP of C7-T3
I - mastoid process of temporal and occipital bone
A - bilateral contraction and extension

24
Q

Splenius cervicis - superficial layer of back muscle

A

O - spinous process or thoracic vertebrae T3-T6
I - TP of C1-C3
A- bilateral to extend the neck

25
Iliocostalis - erector spinae group (most lateral)
O - angles of ribs 3-6 I - TP of vertebrae C4-C6 A - bilaterally flexes the vertebral column to the side
26
Longissimus - erector spinae group (lateral)
O - TP of T1-T5 I - Posterior Tubercle of the TP of vertebrae C2-C6 A - bilateral spine extension and lateral flexion
27
Spinalis - erector spinae group (medial)
O - Capitis: SPs of C1-T7 Cervicis: SPs of C7-T1, nuchal ligament, Thoracis: SPs of T11-L2 I - Capitis: occipital bone Cervicis: SPs of C2-C4 Thoracis: SPs of T11-L2 A - bilateral contraction and extension of head, cervical and thoracic spine
28
Semispinalis - transversospinalis muscle group (superficial)
O - TPs of T1-T6 I - posterior surface of SP C2-C5 A - bi extension of head, cervical & unilateral flexion of head, neck
29
Multifidus - transversospinalis (deep)
O - sacrum, erector spinae, PSIS, and iliac crest I - SP A - bi backward extension, uni ipsilateral side-bending and contra rotation
30
Rotatores - transversospinalis (most deep)
O - TP of thoracic vertebrae I - SP of thoracic located 1 or 2 above original vertebrae A - bi contraction resulting in extension of vertebral column & uni contraction contr rotation of thoracic
31
Interspinalis - minor deep layer of back muscles
O - SP of C2 I - SP of T1 A - uni to flex the vertebral column
32
Intertransverse - minor deep layer of back
O - TPs I - TPs, articular processes A - uni flexion, and lateral flexion
33
Levator Costarum - minor deep layer of back
O - TPs of C7-T11 I - superior surfaces of ribs immediately inferior to preceding vertebrae A - uni to laterally flex vertebral column
34
External Intercostals - intercostal muscles (superficial)
O - sharp inferior costal border of one rib I - outer lip of superior border of the immediate rib below A - elevate ribs (helping breathe in)
35
Internal Intercostals - intercostal (deep)
O - inferior margin of costal cartilage and inner lip of costal groove I - superior border of immediate inferior rib A - bring ribs down during expiration, present either uni or bilaterally
36
Innermost Intercostals - intercostal (most deep)
O - inner surface of the costal groove of the ribs I - superior border of inferior rib A - pulls down rib cage and push air out of lungs & acts uni on one side
37
External Oblique -anterolateral wall of abdomen (most superficial)
O - external surfaces of ribs 5-12 I - pubic tubercle, anterior half of iliac crest A - bi contraction results in trunk flexion & uni results in trunk lateral flexion, trunk rotation
38
Internal Oblique - anterolateral wall of abdomen (intermediate)
O - posterior end of iliac crest and thoracolumbar fossa I - inferior borders and tips of lower 3 or 4 ribs and cartilage A - bi - flexes the trunk and compresses its contents & uni flexes the trunk and rotates the same side
39
Transversus Abdominis - anterolateral wall of abdomen (deep)
O - costal margin, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest I - linea alba, pubic symphysis, xiphoid process A - bi contraction - compresses abdominal viscera & uni = trunk rotation
40
Rectus Abdominis - anterolateral wall of abdomen (superficial)
O - pubic symphysis, pubic crest I - Xiphoid process, costal cartilages of ribs 5-7 A - Unilateral contraction the trunk is laterally flexed to the side, tenses wall of abdomen and compresses contents inside
41
Quadratus Lumborum - posterior wall of abdomen
O - iliac crest I - TP of L1-L5 and lower part of 12th rib A - Bilateral contraction leads to extension of the lumbar veterbral column
42
(Thoracic) diaphragm
O - Bilateral contraction leads to extension of the lumbar veterbral column I - Sternal: Posterior of xiphoid process Costal: Internal surface of 7-12 ribs Lumbar: medial and lateral ligaments A - Contraction of muscle facilitates expansion of thoracic cavity
43
Anterior Scalene
O - TP of axis and atlas, posterior tubercles of TPs C3-C7 I - superior border of first rib A - Unilateral contraction produces ipsilateral flexion of the neck & Elevate first rib, flex neck laterally to the side
44
Middle Scalene
O - TPs of last 6 vertebrae I - upper face of 1st rib A - uni contraction produces ipsilateral flexion of neck
45
Posterior Scalene
O - posterior tubercles of TPs of C5-C7 I - external surface of 2nd rib A - uni contraction producing ipsilateral flexion of neck
46
Sternocleidomastoid
O - manubrium and clavicle I - mastoid process of temporal bone A - uni = contralateral rotation, ipsilateral cervical flexion & bi = cervical flexion, elevation of sternum and inhalation
47
Serratus posterior superior
O - SPs of T11-L2 and supraspinous processes I - inferoposterior aspect of ribs 9-12, lateral to angles A - bi action of posterior superior/posterior inferior reduce extension of thoracic vertebrae & uni will rotate spine
48
Serratus posterior inferior
O - supraspinal ligament, and the spinous processes of the upper two to three lumbar vertebrae (L01–L03) and the lower two thoracic vertebrae (T11–T12) I - lower borders of ribs 9–12, and is innervated by intercostal nerves 9–12. A - draws the lower ribs backward and downward to assist in rotation and extension of the trunk
49
Biceps Brachii | Elbow Flexion, Supinator
O - Long head: supraglenoid tubercle (scapula) Short head: coracoid process (scapula) I - Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis A - Shoulder flexion, and abduction Elbow flexion and supination
50
Brachialis | Flexor
O - Distal half of the anterior portion of the humerus I - Coronoid process A - Flexion
51
Brachioradialis | Flexor
O - Lateral Supracondylar ridge of the humerus I - Styloid process of the radius A - Flexion in neutral elbow position
52
Pronator Teres | Flexor, and Forearm Pronator
O - Medial epicondyle and coronoid process of ulna I - Proximal third of radius on lateral surface A - Assists in flexion Pronation
53
Triceps Brachii | Extensor
O - Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle (scapula) Lateral head: proximal half of posterior humerus Medial head: distal 2/3 of posterior humerus I - Olecranon process (ulna) A - Long head assists in shoulder extension Elbow extension
54
Anconeus - extensor
O - Lateral epicondyle (humerus) I - Olecranon process (ulna) A - Assist triceps in extension
55
Supinator
O -Lateral epicondyle (humerus) Supinator crest (ulna) I - Lateral, posterior, and anterior aspects of proximal third of radius (Wraps around radius) A - Supination
56
Pronator Quadratus | Forearm Prontator
O - Distal ¼ of the anterior aspect of the ulna I - Distal ¼ of the anterior aspect of the radius A - Pronation

Musculoskeletal Anatomy (4 decks)

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