Muscle Strength & Endurance

Question 1

Muscle strength:

Answer 1

Is the capacity of a muscle to produce tension necessary in maintaining posture, initiating movement or controlling movement.

Question 2

Movement:

Answer 2

Takes place when there is muscle contraction to maintain a position of the body or in order to alter a position of the body.

Question 3

5 Basic building blocks of movement:

Answer 3

1. Muscle contraction
2. Mobility of joints
3. Motor control
4. Sufficient energy supply
5. Sensory function

Question 4

3 factors for movement:

Answer 4

1. Duration
2. Tempo
3. Power

Question 5

Energy for muscle strength:

Answer 5

• ATP breaks down to ADP to provide energy for muscle contraction.
• This energy, oxygen, and necessary ions are brought to the muscle through blood travelling in the arteries.

Question 6

Muscle Endurance:

Answer 6

• 10% of the motor units of a muscle need to contract at one time.
• The motor units get tired once oxygen and ATP are depleted.
• Another 10% of the motor units take over the contraction until they are also tired.
• Another 10% can relay with them.

Question 7

Types of muscle action:

Answer 7

1. Isometric contractions
2. Isotonic contractions

Question 8

Isometric contractions:

Answer 8

Producing tension without changing the length

Question 9

Isotonic contractions:

Answer 9

Equal tension produced thoughout the ROM.
Divides into concentric(shortening) and eccentric(lengthening), and isokinetic(same speed)

Question 10

Why is Muscle strength important?

Answer 10

1. We need ability to muscles to contract efficiently and with adequate strength to promote participation in occupation.
2. To protect the joints.
3. Muscles are required to move limbs or body segments.

Question 11

Requirements:

Answer 11

1. Intact blood supply or circulation
2. Intact muscle fibers
3. Intact innervation of muscles
4. Intact center of movements in the CNS both upper and lower motor neuron.
5. Intact skeletal system

Question 12

Endurance

Answer 12

Is the ability to sustain effort and resist fatigue.

Question 13

Effort

Answer 13

Physical(implies force) or mental(conscious effort) exertion

Question 14

Energy

Answer 14

Is the capacity to do work or provide a force.(chemical and mechanical energy)

Question 15

Work

Answer 15

Is when energy is used or a force is applied over a distance for a certain time.
Formula: work= force x time or work= force x distance

Question 16

MET(Metabolic Equivalent of Activities)

Answer 16

To measure the energy use of a patient in terms of oxygen use.

• Based on idea that because a particular activity, if performed, using a similar method, should demand the same rate of energy use no matter who the performer is.
• MET value increase as the demand increase.

Question 17

1MET

Answer 17

Is the basic metabollic speed(rate) of a person represents the amount of energy that he uses in a given time when he is lyring on his back with his eyes closes and relaxed.

Question 18

MET minute value

Answer 18

METS x Time = MET minute value

Question 19

Factors affecting endurance

Answer 19

1. Cardiopulmonary function
2. Major trauma or illness requiring bedrest can influence muscular function.
3. The use of prosthesis or assistive devices.