Muscle system

Question 1

Skeletal muscle

Answer 1

attached to the bones, allow for movement

Question 2

Voluntary muscles

Answer 2

consious control over these muscles

Question 3

Straited muscles

Answer 3

Muscles with a striped appearance

Question 4

Smooth muscles

Answer 4

Muscles inside internal organs, move and control fluids through internal organs

Question 5

Involuntary muscles

Answer 5

muscles controlled by autonomic nervous system

Question 6

Myocardial muscles

Answer 6

muscles in the heart

Question 7

Muscle innervation

Answer 7

simulation of a muscle by an impulse tramsitted by a motor nerve

Question 8

Antagonistic

Answer 8

opposition of eachother

Question 9

Contraction

Answer 9

tightening of a muscle

Question 10

Relaxation

Answer 10

relaxation of a muscle, return to normal state

Question 11

Abduction

Answer 11

movement of a limb away from the body

Question 12

Adduction

Answer 12

movement of a limb toward the body

Question 13

Flexion

Answer 13

decreasing the angle by bending a limb at a joint

Question 14

Extension

Answer 14

increasing the angle by bending the limb at a joint

Question 15

Hyperextension

Answer 15

extreme extension, overextension

Question 16

Elevation

Answer 16

raising/lifting a body part

Question 17

Depression

Answer 17

lowering a body part

Question 18

Rotation

Answer 18

circular movement around an axis

Question 19

Circumduction

Answer 19

circular movememt at the far end of a limb

Question 20

Rotator muscle

Answer 20

turns a body part on its axis

Question 21

Rotator cuff

Answer 21

group of muscles and tendons that hold humerus securley in place

Question 22

Supination

Answer 22

rotating arm or leg so the palm or sole is facing upwards (carrying a bowl of soup)

Question 23

Pronation

Answer 23

rotating arm or leg so the palm or sole is facing downward/backward

Question 24

Dorsiflexion

Answer 24

movement that bends the foot upward

Question 25

Plantar flexion

Answer 25

movement that bends the foot downwards

Question 26

Origin

Answer 26

where the muscle begins, closest to the midline of the body

Question 27

insertion

Answer 27

where the muscle ends, farthest away from the midline of the body

Question 28

Adhesion

Answer 28

band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally

Question 29

Atrophy

Answer 29

weakness, wearing away of body tissues

Question 30

Myalgia

Answer 30

tenderness/pain in the muscles

Question 31

Myocele

Answer 31

the herniation (protrusion) of a muscle substance through a tear in the fascia

Question 32

Myolysis

Answer 32

degeneration of muscle tissue

Question 33

Myorrhexis

Answer 33

rupture/tearing of a muscle

Question 34

Polymyositis

Answer 34

muscle disease, simultaneous inflammation and weakness of voluntary muscles

Question 35

Rhabdomyolysis

Answer 35

syndrome or indirect muscle injury, death of muscle fibers are released into the bloodstream causing complications

Question 36

Sarcopenia

Answer 36

loss of muscle mass, strength, and funtion that come with aging

Question 37

Muscle tone

Answer 37

state of balanced muscle tension

Question 38

Atonic

Answer 38

lacking normal muscle tone or strength

Question 39

Dystonia

Answer 39

abnormal muscle tone, impairment of voluntary muscle movement

Question 40

Hypotonia

Answer 40

diminished tone of skeletal muscles

Question 41

Ataxia

Answer 41

lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement

Question 42

contracture

Answer 42

permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin

Question 43

Intermittent claudication

Answer 43

pain in leg muscles during excercise, relieved during rest (caused by poor circulation)

Question 44

spasm

Answer 44

sudden, involuntary contraction

Question 45

Myoclonus

Answer 45

quick, involuntary jerking of muscle

Question 46

Singultus

Answer 46

hiccups

Question 47

cramp

Answer 47

painful, localized muscle spasm

Question 48

Torticollis

Answer 48

wryneck, stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction

Question 49

Bradykinesia

Answer 49

extreme slowness in movement

Question 50

Dyskinesia

Answer 50

distortion or impairment of voluntary movement resulting in fragmented/jerky movements

Question 51

Hyperkinesia

Answer 51

abnormal increased muscle function