Nervous system

Question 1

encephal/o

Answer 1

brain

Question 2

myel/o

Answer 2

spinal cord

Question 3

neur/i, neur/o

Answer 3

nerves

Question 4

what are the sensory organs?

Answer 4

ears (hear)
eyes (sight)
nose (smell)
skin (touch)
mouth (taste)

Question 5

what makes up the central nervous system?

Answer 5

brain and spinal cord

Question 6

what makes up the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 6

peripheral nerves, sensory organs/receptors

Question 7

what’s a nerve?

Answer 7

one or more bundles of neuron cells

Question 8

what does “ascending tract” mean

Answer 8

towards the brain

Question 9

what does “descending tract” mean

Answer 9

away from the brain

Question 10

what’s a ganglion?

Answer 10

knot like mass outside the CNS

Question 11

what’s a plexus?

Answer 11

a network of intersecting nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels

Question 12

what’s an innervation?

Answer 12

supply of nerves to a body part

Question 13

what are receptors?

Answer 13

site of sensory organs

Question 14

what is stimulus?

Answer 14

exciting or activating a nerve to cause an impulse

Question 15

what are reflexes?

Answer 15

automatic involuntary responses (touch something hot, automatically move your hand away from it)

Question 16

what are neurons?

Answer 16

the basic cell of the nervous system

Question 17

what are the different kinds of neurons?

Answer 17

afferent neurons - sensory neurons

connecting neurons - associative neurons

efferent neurons - motor neurons

Question 18

what do afferent neurons do?

Answer 18

carry impulses to the brain

Question 19

what do connective neurons do?

Answer 19

carry impulses from one neuron to the next

Question 20

what do efferent neurons do?

Answer 20

carry impulses away from the brain towards muscles and glands

Question 21

what are the parts of a neuron?

Answer 21

cell body
dendrites
axon
terminal end fibers

Question 22

what are neurotransmitters?

Answer 22

chemical messengers, transmit messages between nerve cells by allowing impulse to jump across the synapse

Question 23

what are synapses?

Answer 23

spaces between two neurons

Question 24

what is neuroglia?

Answer 24

(glue) glial cell provides support and connective tissue to nervous system

Question 25

what is the myelin sheath?

Answer 25

white protective layer around some nerve cells, found in spinal cord, white matter of the brain, and most peripheral nerves

Question 26

cerebr/o

Answer 26

cerebrum, brain

Question 27

thalam/o

Answer 27

inner chamber, thalamus

Question 28

what are the meninges?

Answer 28

three layers surrounding the brain and spinal cord

Question 29

are are the 3 layers of the meninges?

Answer 29

dura mater - outer most later arachnoid - inner layer pia mater - inner most layer towards the skull

Question 30

What is the ANS?

Answer 30

automatic nervous system

Question 31

what makes up the ANS?

Answer 31

sympathetic - prepares body for emergency and stressful situations, fight or flight parasympathetic - returns the body to a normal state after a stress response, maintain normal body function

Question 32

ambul/o, ambulat/o

Answer 32

to walk

Question 33

concuss/o

Answer 33

shaken, violently agitated

Question 34

contus/o

Answer 34

bruise

Question 35

dendr-

Answer 35

branching as in the nervous system

Question 36

ech/o

Answer 36

sound

Question 37

-esthesia, -esthesi/o

Answer 37

sensation, feeling

Question 38

glial

Answer 38

glue, glia

Question 39

klept/o

Answer 39

to steal

Question 40

mening/o

Answer 40

membrane, meninges

Question 41

narc/o

Answer 41

numbness, stupor

Question 42

-phobia

Answer 42

abnormal fear

Question 43

psych/o

Answer 43

mind

Question 44

somni/o, somn/i

Answer 44

sleep