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anat and p > Muscle Tissue > Flashcards

Muscle Tissue Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

3 Type of Muscles

A

Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth

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2
Q

Myo

A

Muscle

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3
Q

Sarco

A

Flesh

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4
Q

Epimysium

A

Exterior, Connected to Deep Fascia

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5
Q

Perimysium

A

Surrounds Muscle Bundles (fascicles) Contains BV and Nerves

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6
Q

Endomysium

A

Surrounds Individual Muscle Cell Capillarities, Nerve Fibers, Stem Cells

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7
Q

Structure of Muscles

A

Muscle Tissue, Connective Tissue, Nerves, BV

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8
Q

Muscle Fibers

A

Fusion of Myoblasts, Hundered of Nuclei

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9
Q

Sacroplasm

A

Cytoplasm of a MF

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10
Q

Sacrolemma

A

Cell Membrane of a MF

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11
Q

T-Tubles

A

Transverse Tubules, A Extension of Sarcolemma, Transmits Action Potential

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12
Q

Sacroplasmic Reticulum (SR)

A

Smooth ER of Muscle, Membrane Structure Surrounding the Myofibril (Storage of ca2+)

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13
Q

Triad

A

Terminal Cisternae (Enlarged SR) + TTubule= Diffusion (communicate)

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14
Q

Myofibril

A

Made of Myofilaments

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15
Q

Thin Filaments

A

Protein Actin

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16
Q

Thick Filaments

A

Protein Myosin

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17
Q

F-Actin

A

Whole Molecule, 2 Strands of G-Actin

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18
Q

G-Actin

A

Globular Protien

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19
Q

Structure of Myosin

A

Tail: Binds The Myosin Together
Head: Reaches For Actin

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20
Q

Sarcomere

A

Functional Unit of a Contraction, Z-Line to Z-Line

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21
Q

Z-Line

A

End of a Sacromere, made of actin and thin filaments.

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22
Q

M-Line

A

Middle of Sacromere, Stabilizes Myosin

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23
Q

A Band

A

Dark, Entire Myosin Range (Never Moves)

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24
Q

H Band

A

Only Myosin, (center) Thick Band, Thick Filaments

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25
I Band
Only Actin, Thin Filaments
26
Zone of Overlap
H,I Bands
27
Titin
Tip of Myosin Filament to the Z-Line, Stabilizes Thick
28
Nebulin
Holds the F-Actin Together
29
Tropomyosin
Prevents Actin-Myosin Interaction (rest)
30
Troponin
Binds Tropomyosin to G-Actin, Controlled by ca2+
31
1st Step of Contraction
Actin Slides Toward M Line
32
2nd Step of Contraction
Zone Overlap Enlarges
33
3rd Step of Contraction
H Band shrinks and I Band Shrinks
34
4th Step of Contraction
A Band Unchanged
35
5th Step of Contraction
M Band Unchanged
36
6th Step of Contraction
Z Lines Move Closer Together
37
When Do Contractions Start?
When the Sarcolemma is Stimulated
38
The Neuromuscular Junction
1.) Synapse 2/3.) Neurotransmitter Acetylcholine 4/5.) Acetylcholine broken down by enzymes
39
Excitation/ Contraction Coupling
Electrical Signal to a Contraction
40
What Happens When a Muscle Contracts
Fiber Shorting, Relaxation
41
Fiber Shortening
Sacromere Shortens, Muscles pull together creating tension
42
Relaxation
Ca2+ is pumped out of the cell, Detaches
43
Rigor Mortis
Muscular Contractions After Death
44
Tension
All or Nothing, A Muscle Fiber is either contracted or released.
45
Cross Bridges
A Overlap in Actin/Myosin
46
Latent Period
STIMULI APLLIED, The Delay, Ca2+ release
47
Contraction Phase
Ca ions bind, Tension Builds
48
Relaxation Phase
Ca2+ levels decrease, active sites covered
49
Tetanus
Max Level of Tension
50
Summation
Max Force from each Fiber (tetanus)
51
Recruitment
Activates Motor Unit
52
Short Term Stimulation
15 Seconds
53
Anaerobic Glycosis
130 Seconds, No Oxygen, Breaks down glucose from glycogen to produce 2 ATP
54
Aerobic Metabolism
2400 Seconds, Oxygen, Uses Fatty Acids, Produces 34 ATP
55
The Cori Cycle
Removal and Recycle Lactic to Liver
56
Hormones
Growth, Testosterone, Thyroid, Epihphrine
57
Large Diameter
Stronger Contraction
58
Fast Fibers (Anaerobic ATP)
pro: Large Diameter, Strong Contraction con: Fatigues fast
59
Slow Fibers (Aerobic Fiber ATP)
pro: Fatigues Slowly con: Small Diameter
60
Intermediate Fibers
Fast Fibers, Good Blood Supply, Little Myogoblin
61
Hypertrophy
Increase In Cell Size
62
Atrophy
Decrease In Cell Size
63
Cardiocyte
Small, Single Nucleus, Short/Wide T, No Triads, Aerobic, Intercalated Discs. Hold Cells Together
64
Automaticity
Contraction Without Neural Stimulation
65
Variable Contraction
Nervous System
66
Extended Contraction
10x Skeletal (No Fatigue)
67
Prevention of Summation
Long Refractory Time
68
Smooth Muscle
Forms around other Tissues
69
Location of Smooth Muscle
BV, Reproduction, Glandular, Digestive, Urinary, Integumentary System
70
Forms created by Smooth Muscle
Spincters, Contractors, Arector Pilli, BP, and Aidgamates
71
Structure of Smooth Muscle
No T Tubules, Ca2+ not from SR, Long slender, spindled 1 nucleus NO BANDS
72
Multiunit Smooth M Cells
No Gap Junctions, Separate Fibers, Contract Independently.
73
Viseral Smooth M Cells
Many Gap Junctions, Syncytial Contraction (all cells), Spindle shaped.

anat and p (11 decks)

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