Muscles

Question 1

Obliquus Capitis Superior

Answer 1

O: TP of atlas

Insert: Inferior nuchal line

B: Vertebral A; descending branch of occipital a

A: Extend head; bend laterally

Inn: Suboccipital N (C1)

Question 2

Obliquus capitis inferior

Answer 2

O: SP of axis

Insert: TP of atlas

B: Vertebral A; descending branch of occipital a

A: Rotate atlas to turn face to same side

Inn: Suboccipital N (C1)

Question 3

Rectus capitis posterior major

Answer 3

O: SP of axis

Insert: Inferior nuchal line

B: Vertebral A; descending branch of occipital a

A: Extend head and rotate to same side

Inn: Suboccipital N (C1)

Question 4

Rectus capitis posterior minor

Answer 4

O: SP of atlas

Insert: Inferior nuchal line

B: Vertebral A; descending branch of occipital a

A: Extend head

Inn: Suboccipital N (C1)

Question 5

Splenius capitis

Answer 5

O: Nuchal ligament, spinous process C7-T3 or T4

Insert: Mastoid process and lat. superior nuchal line

B: Descending branch of occipital a; Deep cervical a

A: Bilaterally- extend head

Unilaterally-laterally bend and rotate face to same side

Inn: Middle cervical nn

Question 6

Splenius cervicis

Answer 6

O: spinous process T3-T6

Insert: Transverse process C1-C3

B: Descending branch of occipital a; Deep cervical a

A: Bilaterally- extend neck

Unilaterally-laterally bend and rotate neck to same side

Inn: lower cervical nn

Question 7

Iliocostalis mm

Answer 7

O: Broad tendon from post iliac crest, post. sacrum, sacroiliac lig, sacral and lumbar SP

Insert: Superiorly to ribs and cervical TP

A: Bilaterally- extend VC

Unilaterally-Lateral flexion vertebral column

Inn: Post rami cervical nn

Question 8

Longissimus mm

Answer 8

O: Broad tendon from post iliac crest, post. sacrum, sacroiliac lig, sacral and lumbar SP

Insert: Superiorly to ribs, cervical + thoracic TP, and mastoid process

A: Bilaterally- extend VC

Unilaterally-Lateral flexion vertebral column

Inn: Post rami cervical nn

Question 9

Spinalis mm

Answer 9

O: Broad tendon from post iliac crest, post. sacrum, sacroiliac lig, sacral and lumbar SP

Insert: Superiorly to SP in upper throax and cranium

A: Bilaterally- extend VC

Unilaterally-Lateral flexion vertebral column

Inn: Post rami cervical nn

Question 10

Semispinalis mm

Answer 10

O: TP C4-T10

Insert: Superiorly to occipital bone and SP in upper thorax. Span 4-6 seg

A: Extend head and cervical and thoracic region of vertebral column; rotate contralaterally

Inn: Post rami cervical nn

Question 11

Multifides

Answer 11

O: Post. sacrum, PSIS, apon. erector spinae, sacroiliac lig, mammilary process lumbar V, TP T1-T3 and articular P C4-C7

Insert: SP. Span 2-4 segments

A: Unilaterally-rotates contralateral; stablization

Inn: Post rami cervical nn

Question 12

Rotatores (longus and brevis)

Answer 12

O: TP

Insert: lamina and TP junction or SP 1 above (brevis) or 2 above (longus)

A: Proprioception, stabilization

Inn: Post rami cervical nn

Question 13

Interspinales

Answer 13

O: Sup surface SP cervical and lumbar

Insert: Inf surface SP cervical and lumbar

A: Aid in ext. and rotation of VC

Inn: Post rami cervical nn

Question 14

Intertransversaii

Answer 14

O: TP of cervical and lumbar

Insert: TP

A: Aid in lateral flexion of VC

Bilaterally- stabilize VC

Inn: Post and ANT drami cervical nn

Question 15

Levatores costarum

Answer 15

O: Tips of TP C7 and T1-T11

Insert: Inferolaterally on rib b/w tubercle and angle

A: Bilaterally- extend VC

Unilaterally-Lateral flexion vertebral column

Inn: Post rami cervical nn