Muscles Flashcards
(31 cards)
What are the main functions of muscles?
Moving substances, regulating organ volumes, creating heat, maintaining posture, and movement by moving bones.
What is voluntary muscle control?
You consciously move your muscles and are aware the movement is taking place.
What is involuntary muscle control?
Muscles move without your conscious awareness.
What are the three types of muscle?
Skeletal, Cardiac, and Smooth muscle.
What is the function of skeletal muscle?
Gives body shape and allows movement.
What is the function of cardiac muscle?
Makes up the walls of the heart.
What is the function of smooth muscle?
Protects vital organs in the body.
What are the characteristics of all muscle types?
Contractility, Extensibility, Elasticity, Excitability.
Name 4 necessary skeletal muscles.
Biceps, Triceps, Quadriceps, Hamstrings.
What do tendons do?
Attach skeletal muscles to bones.
What is the insertion tendon?
Point where the tendon attaches to the moving bone.
What is the origin tendon?
Point where the tendon attaches to the stationary bone.
What is the belly of the muscle?
The meaty part of the muscle.
What is flexion?
Decreasing the angle between two joints.
What is extension?
Increasing the angle between two joints.
What is abduction?
Movement away from the midline of the body.
What is adduction?
Movement towards the midline of the body.
What is an antagonistic pair?
One muscle contracts (agonist) while the other relaxes (antagonist).
What are synergists?
Muscles that help the agonist by steadying a joint.
What are fixators?
Synergists that immobilize a joint.
List the structure of skeletal muscle from largest to smallest.
Skeletal muscle > Fascicle > Muscle fiber > Myofibrils > Myofilaments
What are the two types of myofilaments?
Myosin (thick) and Actin (thin).
What is a sarcomere?
The segment between two Z lines.
What is the H Zone?
Gap between the Actin filaments.
