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Gross Anatomy Block 4 > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Splenius Capitis

A

O: Lower ligamentum nuchae
T1-T3 SP
I: Mastoid Process and Adjacent Occiptal Bone
A: Alone - laterally bend and rotate neck same side
N: Posterior primary divisions of spinal nerves

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2
Q

Splenius Cervicis

A

O: T3-T6 SP
I: C1-3 TP
A: Alone - laterally bend and rotate neck same side
Together with Splenius Capitis - draws head back
N: Posterior primary divisions of spinal nerves

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3
Q

Iliocostalis Lumborum

A

O: Iliac Crest, Sacrum, Thoracolumbar Fascia
I: Angles of lower ribs
A: Extend Column
One side - bend column laterally
N: Posterior Primary divisions of spinal nerves

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4
Q

Iliocostalis Thoracis

A 
O: Lower ribs
I: Angles of upper ribs
C7 TP
A: Extend column
One side - Bend column laterally
N: Posterior Primary divisions of spinal nerves
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5
Q

Iliocostalis Cervicis

A 
O: Upper ribs
I: C4-C6 TP
A: Extend Column
One side - bend column laterally 
N: Posterior primary division of spinal nerves
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6
Q

Longissimus Thoracis

A

O: Sacrum/Iliac Crest/ Thoracolumbar fascia
I: Ribs 3–12/TP of L/T
N: Posterior primary divisions of spinal nerves
A: Extend column
One side: bend column laterally

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7
Q

Longissimus Cervicis

A

O: TP upper thoracic v
I: TP of cervical v excluding atlas
N: Primary posterior divisions of spinal nerves
A: Extend column
One side - bend column laterally to same side

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8
Q

Longissimus Capitis

A

O: TP upper thoracic/Articular process of lower cervical
I: Mastoid process
N: Posterior primary division of spinal nerves
A: Extends head - turns head to same side

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9
Q

Spinalis Thoracis

A

O: SP lower thoracic
I: SP upper thoracic
N: Posterior primary divisions of spinal nerves
A: Extend column
One side - bend column laterally same side

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10
Q

Spinalis Cervicis

A

Scant fibers

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11
Q

Spinalis Capitis

A

Considered part of semi spinalis capitis

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12
Q

Short Rotator

A 
O: TP 
I: SP of v one segment above origin
N: Posterior primary divisions of spinal nerves
A: extend column
Rotate to opposite side
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13
Q

Long Rotator

A 
O: TP 
I: SP of v two segments above origin
N: Posterior primary divisions of spinal nerves
A: Extend column
Rotate column to opposite side
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14
Q

Multifidus

A

O: TP
I: SP of v two to five segments above origin
N: Posterior primary divisions of spinal nerves
A: Extends column
Rotates column to the opposite side

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15
Q

Semispinalis (group)

A

General origin: TP
General Insertion: SP of v six or more segments above origin
N: Posterior primary divisions of spinal nerves
A: Extends column
Rotate column to opposite side

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16
Q

Semispinalis Thoracis

A 
O: TP
I: T1-T4 SP
N: Posterior primary divisions of spinal nerves
A: Extends column
Rotate column to opposite side
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17
Q

Semispinalis Cervicis

A 
O: TP
I: C2-C7 SP
N: Posterior primary divisions of spinal nerves
A: Extends column
Rotates column to opposite side
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18
Q

Semispinalis Capitis

A 
O: TP
I: Occipital bone
N: Posterior primary divisions of spinal nerves
A: Extends column
Rotates column to opposite side
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19
Q

Interspinalis

A

Btwn SP of adj vert
Best developed in C spine
Absent in T spine
Extends column

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20
Q

Intertransversarii

A 
Btwn TP of adj v
Best developed in C Spine
Absent in most T spine
Extend column
Bend toward same side
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21
Q

Rectus Capitis Posterior Major

A

O: SP of C2
I: Occiptal bone, inferior to inferior nuchal line
N: Suboccipital nerve (posterior primary division of C1)
A: Extend head/rotate head to same side

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22
Q

Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor

A

O: Posterior Tubercle of C1
I: Occipital bone, immediately medial to RCPM
N: Suboccipital nerve (posterior primary division of C1
A: Extend head
Rotate head to same side

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23
Q

Obliques Capitis Inferior

A 
O: SP C2
I: TP C1
N: Suboccipital nerve (posterior primary division of C1)
A: Extend head
Rotate head to one side
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24
Q

Obliquus Capitis Superior

A

O: TP C1
I: Occiptal bone, near inferior nuchal line
N: Suboccipital nerve (posterior primary division of C1)

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25
What are the borders of the Suboccipital triangle?
OCS OCI RCPM
26
What structures are within the Suboccipital triangle?
Suboccipital Nerve | Vertebral Artery
27
Longus Colli
O? Extends from anterior tubercle of atlas to the body of T3 I? Attaches to VB and TP of C3-6 N: Ventral primary rami of cervical nerves A: Flex neck and head
28
Longus Capitis
O: TP C3-6 I: Occipital Bone N: Ventral primary rami of cervical nerves A: Flex head and neck
29
Rectus Capitis Anterior
O: Lateral mass of atlas I: Occipital bone, anterior to occipital condyle N: Ventral primary rami of cervical nerves A: Flex head and neck
30
Rectus Capitis Lateralis
O: TP of atlas I: Occipital bone N: Ventral primary rami of cervical nerves
31
What are the muscles of the superficial layer of the back?
Splenius Capitis | Splenius Cervicis
32
What direction are the fibers of the superficial layer of the back?
Superior and lateral
33
What are the muscles of the intermediate layer of the back?
Iliocostalis Longissimus Spinalis
34
What direction are the fibers of the intermediate layer of muscles of the back?
Vertical
35
Which muscle of the intermediate layer of back muscles is most lateral?
Iliocostalis
36
Which muscle is the intermediate column of the intermediate layer of the back?
Longissimus
37
Which muscle is the most medial of the intermediate layer of the back?
Spinalis
38
What are the muscles of the deep layer of the back?
``` Transversospinal muscles - Rotators (short and long) - Multifidi - Semispinalis Interspinalis Intertransversarii ```
39
What are the muscles of the suboccipitals?
Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Obliquus Capitis Superior Obliquus Capitis Inferior
40
What are the muscles forming the subocciptal triangle?
Obliquus Capitis Major Obliquus Capitis Minor Rectus Capitis Posterior Major
41
What structures pass through the suboccipital triangle?
Subocciptal Nerve | Vertebral Artery
42
What are the muscles of the anterior neck?
``` Digastric (anterior/posterior bellies) Mylohyoid Geniohyoid Stylohyoid Sternohyoid Sternothyroid Thyrohyoid Omohyoid (superior/inferior bellies) ```
43
What are the lateral muscles of the neck?
Sternocleidomastoid Anterior Scalene Middle Scalene Posterior Scalene
44
What are the muscles of the scalp?
``` Occiopitofrontalis Muscle Epicranius (occipitofrontalis/temporoparietalis) ```
45
What are the muscles of the ear?
Anterior Auricular Posterior Auricular Superior Auricular
46
What are the muscles of the eye?
``` Orbicularis Oculi - pars orbitalis - pars palpebralis - pars lacrimalis Corrugated Supercilli ```
47
What are the muscles of the nose?
``` Procerus Nasalis - pars alaris - pars transversa Depressor Septi Nasi (controversial action) ```
48
What are the muscles of the mouth?
``` Levator Labii Superioris Levator Labii Superioris Alaeque Nasi Zygomaticus Minor Zygomaticus Major Levator Anguli Oris Risorius Depressor Anguli Oris Buccinator Depressor Labii Inferioris Mentalis Orbicularis Oris - pars marginalis - pars labialis Platysma ```
49
Into what groups are the muscles of facial expression divided?
``` Scalp Ear Eye Nose Mouth ```
50
What are the origins and insertions of the muscles of facial expression?
O: fascia or bone I: skin
51
What is the innervation of the muscles of facial expression?
CN VII - Facial Nerve
52
Sternocleidomastoid
O: Sternal head: manubrium Clavicular head: Medial clavicle I: Mastoid process of temporal bone N: Accessory Nerve (CN XI) C2-3 spinal nerves (pain and proprioception) A: Extension of head Flexion of neck Unilateral: Lateral flexion to same side - head and neck Rotation to opposite side - head and neck
53
Anterior Scalene
O: TP C3-6 I: First rib N: C3-8 spinal nerves A: Flexion of head
54
Middle Scalene
``` O: TP C2-7 I: First Rib N: C3-8 Spinal nerves A: Lateral flexion of neck Elevation of 1st rib in forced inspiration ```
55
Posterior Scalene
``` O: TP C4-6 I: Ribs 1 and 2 N: C3-8 spinal nerves A: Lateral Flexion of neck Elevation of 2nd rib in forced inspiration ```
56
Flexors of the head and neck
``` Longus colli Longus capitis Rectus capitis anterior Anterior scalenes Sternocleidomastoid ```
57
Extensor of the head and neck
``` Erector Spinae Obliquus capitis superior Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Splenius Capitis/Cervicis Sternocleidomastoid Transversospinalis Semispinalis ```
58
Lateral Flexors of the head and neck
``` Erector Spinae Longus colli Obliquus Capitis Superior Middle Scalenes Posterior Scalenes Splenius Capitis/Cervicis Sternocleidomastoid Transversospinalis ```
59
Rotators of the Head and Neck
``` Longus Colli Obliquus Capitis Superior Obliquus capitis inferior Rectus Capitis Posterior Major Rectus Capitis Posterior Minor Splenius Capitis/Cervicis Sternocleidomastoid Transversospinalis Semispinalis ```
60
Flexors of the Trunk
External obliques Internal obliques Psoas major Rectus Abdominis
61
Extensors of the Trunk
``` Erector Spinae Transversospinalis Semispinalis Rotators Interspinales ```
62
Lateral Flexors of the Trunk
``` Erector Spinae External Obliques Internal Obliques Transversospinalis Psoas Major Quadratus Lumborum ```
63
Rotators of the Trunk
``` External Oblique Internal Oblique Transversospinalis Semispinalis Rotators ```
64
Thyrohyoid
``` O: Thyroid cartilage I: Hyoid bone N: C1-3 Spinal Nerves A: Stabilize hyoid Depression of mandible ```
65
Sternothyroid
``` O: Manubrium of Sternum I: Hyoid bone N: C1-3 Spinal nerves A: Stabilize hyoid Depression of mandible ```
66
Sternohyoid
``` O: Manubrium of sternum Medial Clavicle I: Hyoid bone N: C1-3 Spinal Nerves A: Stabilize the hyoid Depression of mandible ```
67
Omohyoid
``` O: Superior border of scapula I: Hyoid bone N: C1-3 Spinal nerves A: Stabilize the hyoid Depression of mandible ```
68
Which muscles are the infrahyoids?
Thyrohyoid Sternothyroid Sternohyoid Omohyoid
69
What muscles are the suprahyoids?
Mylohyoid Digastric Geniohyoid Stylohyoid
70
Mylohyoid
``` O: Mandible I: Hyoid N: Trigeminal (CN V) A: Elevation of hyoid bone while swallowing Depression of mandible ```
71
Digastric
O: Anterior belly: Mandible Posterior belly: Mastoid process of temporal bone I: Hyoid bone N: Anterior belly: Trigeminal Nerve (CN V) Posterior belly: Facial Nerve (CN VII) A: Elevation of hyoid bone while swallowing Depression of mandible
72
Geniohyoid
``` O: Mandible I: Hyoid bone N: C1 via hypoglossal (CN XII) A: Elevation of hyoid bone while swallowing Depression of mandible ```
73
Stylohyoid
``` O: Mandible? I: Hyoid N: Facial Nerve (CN VII) A: Elevation of hyoid while swallowing Depression of mandible ```

Gross Anatomy Block 4 (7 decks)

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