Muscles

Question 1

What are the three types of muscle

Answer 1

Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth

Question 2

Which type of muscle is voluntary?

Answer 2

Skeletal

Question 3

Which type of muscle is involuntary?

Answer 3

Cardiac & smooth

Question 4

Where is smooth muscle found?

Answer 4

In the organs

Question 5

Smooth muscle is striated/nonstriated?

Answer 5

Nonstriated

Question 6

Smooth muscles are _______ in shape

Answer 6

Fusiform

Question 7

Cardiac muscle is only found where?

Answer 7

In the heart

Question 8

Cardiac muscle is striated or nonstriated?

Answer 8

Striated

Question 9

Cardiac cells are _______ elongated fibers

Answer 9

Branching

Question 10

The ______________ are found where the cell membranes come together in gap junctions

Answer 10

Intercalated disk

Question 11

Skeletal muscle is found where?

Answer 11

In the muscles of the limbs and trunk

Question 12

Skeletal muscle is striated/nonstriated?

Answer 12

Striated

Question 13

Skeletal cells are _________ in shape

Answer 13

Long cylinders

Question 14

__________ contains multiple peripheral nuclei

Answer 14

Skeletal muscle

Question 15

What are the three types of skeletal muscle coverings?

Answer 15

Endomysium
Perimysium
Epimysium

Question 16

__________ go around each cell and is loose connective tissue

Answer 16

Endomysium

Question 17

__________ surround each fascicles and are connective tissue

Answer 17

Perimysium

Question 18

_______ surround each muscle and are dense connective tissue

Answer 18

Episysium

Question 19

If you increase the diameter of the fascicle, you __________ the control of the muscle

Answer 19

Decrease

Question 20

What are the 4 components that make up a sarcomere

Answer 20

M-Line
H-zone
A-band
I-band

Question 21

The functional unit of muscle contraction (from Z-line to Z-line)

Answer 21

Sarcomere

Question 22

Thick filaments are held together by ________ ___ _________

Answer 22

Nodes of protein

Question 23

Where nodes are located

Answer 23

M-line

Question 24

Defined by the ends of thin filaments

Answer 24

H-zone

Question 25

End of thick filaments, overlaps with thin

Answer 25

A-band

Question 26

Only thin filaments are located here

Answer 26

I-band

Question 27

Very concentrated thin filaments

Answer 27

Z-line

Question 28

What is the ratio of thick to thin filaments?

Answer 28

1 thick : 6 thin

Question 29

What are the 3 components of thin filament?

Answer 29

Actin Tropomyosin Troponin

Question 30

Two Long strand of F-actin (made of G-actin) twisted together

Answer 30

Actin

Question 31

Glue that holds F-actin strands together

Answer 31

Tropomyosin

Question 32

What are the three subunits or troponin?

Answer 32

TnT TnC TnI

Question 33

What is the function of TnT

Answer 33

Bind to tropomyosin

Question 34

TnC function

Answer 34

Binds calcium

Question 35

TnI function

Answer 35

Blocks interaction between actin and myosin (keeps muscles from contracting all the time)

Question 36

Thick filaments is made of what?

Answer 36

Myosin

Question 37

What are the two subunits of myosin?

Answer 37

Heavy meromyosin | Light meromyosin

Question 38

What is the function of heavy meromyosin?

Answer 38

Forms head of molecule - has binding sites for ATP and actin

Question 39

Which type of skeletal muscle is related to continuous slow contractions?

Answer 39

Type 1

Question 40

Type 1 muscle fibers are rich in ______

Answer 40

Myoglobin

Question 41

What do type 1 muscle fibers use for energy

Answer 41

Fatty acid - oxidative phosphorylation

Question 42

Which muscle fiber type is used for rapid discontinuous contractions

Answer 42

Type 2

Question 43

Type 2 has ______ myoglobin than type 1

Answer 43

Less

Question 44

What are the three subtypes of type 2 muscle fiber

Answer 44

IIA IIB IIC

Question 45

Which subtype has the fastest action and uses glycolysis for energy

Answer 45

IIB

Question 46

Sarcoplasmic reticulum store

Answer 46

Calcium

Question 47

Sarcoplasmic reticulum is a network of _______

Answer 47

SER

Question 48

What is the T-tubule?

Answer 48

Projection of sarcolemma that forms a complex of tubules at the A-I junction

Question 49

What makes up a triad?

Answer 49

1 T-tubule and 2 terminal cistern

Question 50

What triggers calcium to be released?

Answer 50

When the action potential contacts a terminal cistern

Question 51

What do skeletal muscles use as their neurotransmitter?

Answer 51

Ach

Question 52

What determines if a muscle can contract?

Answer 52

The number of receptors

Question 53

What happens if enough Acetyl-CoA is bound to peripheral protein on the muscle?

Answer 53

The muscle depolarizes and action potential is sent into the muscle

Question 54

What does type 2 skeletal muscle use for energy?

Answer 54

Glycolysis