Muscles Exam 2 Flashcards
(181 cards)
1
Q
Temporalis Origin
A
floor of temporal fossa, deep surface of temporal fascia
2
Q
temporalis insertion
A
coronoid process of the mandible
3
Q
temporalis innervation
A
mandibular CN 5 V3
4
Q
temporalis action
A
1) . elevate mandible
2) . close jaw posteriorly
3) . retract jaw
5
Q
Masseter origin
A
zygomatic bone and zygomatic arch
6
Q
masseter distal attachment
A
ramus of mandible
7
Q
Masseter innervation
A
mandibular CN5 V3
8
Q
Masseter action
A
1) . elevate mandible
2) . minimal protrusion of manidble
9
Q
Lateral pterygoid origin
A
1) . greater wing of sphenoid
2) . lateral pterygoid plate
10
Q
Lateral pterygoid insertion
A
S: TMJ joint capsule
I: mandible
11
Q
Lateral pterygoid innervation
A
mandibular CN5 V3
12
Q
Lateral pterygoid action
A
Bi: protract mandible, depress chin
Uni: swings jaw toward contralateral side
13
Q
Medial pterygoid origin
A
1) . lateral pterygoid plate
2) . tuberosity of maxilla
14
Q
Medial pterygoid insertion
A
ramus of mandible, inf to mandibular foramen
15
Q
Medial pterygoid innervation
A
mandibular CN5 V3
16
Q
Medial pterygoid action
A
1) . synergistic to masseter in mandibular elevation
2) . protrusion
3) . unilaterally produces small grinding movements
17
Q
what 2 muscles of the scalp contribute to facial movement?
A
1) . Occipitofrontalis,
2) . Epicranial aponeurosis
18
Q
what is the action of the orbiculares oris
A
closes the mouth
19
Q
what eye muscle is responsible for a soft and hard close of the eye lids?
A
Orbicularis Oculi
20
Q
What innervates all the muscles of facial expression?
A
CN 7 (facial nerve)
21
Q
what is the function/role of the Buccinator?
A
synergist with the tongue to form a bolus
22
Q
what is the function of the platysma?
A
depresses mandible, tenses skin of inferior face and neck
23
Q
what are the orbital and nasal opening muscles
A
1) . Orbicularis Oculi
2) . Nasalis
24
Q
What do the extrinsic tongue muscles do?
A
protract/retract, elevate/dress, ab/adduct the tongue
25
what do the intrinsic tongue muscles do?
changes the shape fo the tongue, curls, flattens, narrows, shortens, elongates
26
what is the origin of the trapezius
nucal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12
27
what is the insertion of the trapezius
clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula
28
what is the action of the trapezius
bilateral extension, unilateral rotation and ab/adduction
29
what are the extrinsic back muscles?
1. trap
2. latissimus dorsi
3. rhomboids
4. levator scapulae
30
what are the intermediate extrinsic back muscles?
serratus posterior superior and inferior
31
what muscles are in the superficial layer of the intrinsic back muscles (deep back muscles)
splenius cervicis and splenius capitis
32
what joints do splenius cervicis and capitis act on?
acts on cervical and atlantoccipitial joints
33
what are the muscles in the intermediate layer of the deep back muscles?
iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis
34
what parts of the spine does the iliocostalis act on?
lumborum, thoracicis and cervicis
35
what is the function of the suboccipital muscles?
postural muscles
| bilateral extension and unilateral ab/adduction and rotation
36
what muscles are in the major deep back layer?
semispinalis
multifidus
rotatores
37
what muscles are in the minor deep back muscle layer?
interspinales
intertransversari
lavatories costarum
38
what are the suboccipital muscles
1. rectus capitis posterior major
2. rectus capitis posterior minor
3. obliques capitis inferior
4. obliques capitis superior
39
what are the superficial muscles of the neck?
platysma
SCM
trapezius
levator scapulae
40
what are the supra hyoid muscles?
1. mylohyoid
2. geniohyoid
3. stylohyoid
4. digastric
41
what is the main function of the supra hyoid muscles?
elevate the larynx for swallowing and sound modification
42
what are the infra hyoid muscles?
1. omohyoid
2. sternohyoid
3. sternothyroid
4. thyrohyoid
43
what is the main function of the infra hyoid muscles?
depress the larynx for breathing and vocalization
44
what are the deep muscles of the neck?
1. longus coli
2. longus capties
3. scalenes (3)
45
what is the main function of the levator costarum?
elevate the ribs for inhalation
| dorsal rami
46
what is the main function of the external intercostals?
elevate the ribs for inspiration
47
what is the main function of the internal intercostals?
depress the ribs for expiration
48
platysma origin
inferior border of the mandible
49
platysma insertion
fascia of the superior pec major and deltoid
50
platysma innervation
CN 7
51
platysma action
tense neck skin and synergizes with lateral pterygoid to depress mandible
52
SCM origin
mastoid process of the temporal bone
53
SCM insertion
manubrium of the sternum and clavicle
54
SCM innervation
CN 11
55
SCM action
unilateral ab/adduction and rotation
bilateral extension (superior) and flexion (inferior)
56
action of the buccinator
synergizes with the tongue in bold formation, forms the lateral wall of the oral cavity
57
what is the innervation of the muscles of facial expression
CN 7
58
mylohyoid origin
mandible
59
mylohyoid insertion
hyoid and CT line (raphe)
60
mylohyoid innervation
CN 5 V3
61
mylohyoid action
elevate and protract the hyoid
62
geniohyoid origin
mandible
63
geniohyoid insertion
hyoid
64
geniohyoid innervation
cervical plexus
65
geniohyoid action
elevate and protract the hyoid
66
stylohyoid origin
styloid process of temporal bone
67
stylohyoid insertion
hyoid
68
stylohyoid innervation
CN 7
69
stylohyoid action
elevate and retract the hyoid
70
anterior digastric origin
mandible
71
anterior digastric insertion
hyoid
72
anterior digastric innervation
CN 5 V3
73
anterior digastric action
elevate and protract the hyoid
74
posterior digastric origin
mastoid process
75
posterior digastric insertion
hyoid
76
posterior digastric innervation
CN 7
77
posterior digastric action
elevate and retract the hyoid
78
sternohyoid origin
hyoid
79
sternohyoid insertion
hyoid
80
sternohyoid innervation
ansa cervicalis C1- C3
81
sternohyoid action
depress hyoid
82
omohyoid origin
hyoid
83
omohyoid insertion
clavicle and scapular notch
84
omohyoid innervation
ansa cervicali C1 - C3
85
omohyoid action
depress hyoid
86
sternothryroid origin
thyroid cartilage
87
sternothryroid innervation
ansa cervicalis C1 - C3
88
sternothryroid insertion
manubrium of sternum
89
sternothryroid action
depress hyoid
90
throhyoid origin
hyoid
91
throhyoid insertion
thyroid cartilage
92
throhyoid innervation
C1
93
throhyoid action
depress the hyoid
94
.
.
95
longus coli origin/insertion
a) Upper attach: superior cervical bodies to transverse processes
b) Lower attach: middle cervical transverse processes to inferior cervical and superior thoracic bodies
96
longus coli innervation
cervical plexus
97
longus coli action
Unilateral: ABD, ADD, rotation
Bilateral: FL
98
longus captitus origin
medial occipital bone
99
longus captitus insertion
transverse process of middle cervical vertebra
100
longus captitus innervation
cervical plexus
101
longus captitus action
Unilateral: ABD, ADD, rotation
Bilateral: FL
Atlanto-occipital: FL
102
scalenes origin
transverse processes of cervical vertebra
103
scalenes insertion
1st and 2nd rib
104
scalenes innervation
cervical plexus
105
scalenes action
elevate ribs for inhalation
Unilateral: ABD, ADD, rotation
Bilateral: FL
106
trapezius origin
Occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12
107
trapezius insertion
Lateral clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
108
trapezius innervation
CN 11
109
trapezius action
Upper: elevation, retraction, rotate to elevate scapula
Lower: depression, retraction, rotate to elevate scapula
Bilateral extension, unilateral ab/adduction and rotation
110
latissimus dorsi origin
Lower thoracic and lumbar vertebra, posterior pelvis
111
latissimus dorsi insertion
Lesser tubercle
112
latissimus dorsi innervation
thoracodosral N
113
latissimus dorsi action
Extension, adduction, internally rotate the scapula
114
rhomboids origin
Lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebra
115
rhomboids insertion
Medial border of the scapula
116
rhomboids action
Retraction, elevation, rotate to depress
117
rhomboids innervation
dorsal scapular N
118
levator scapulae origin
Upper cervical vertebra
119
levator scapulae insertion
Superior medial scapula
120
levator scapulae innervation
thoracodorsal N
121
levator scapulae action
On scapula: elevation, retraction, rotate to depress
On Neck: bilateral extension, unilateral ab/adduction and rotateion
122
splinius capitis origin / insertion
spinous process of C7 - T3 to mastoid process
123
splinius cervicis origin / insertion
mastoid process to transverse processes of the superior cervical vertebra
124
splinius innervation
dorsal rami
125
splinius action
Bilateral: EX
Unilateral: ABD, ADD, rotation
126
iliocostalis origin
sacrum
127
iliocostalis insertion
Lower ribs and lumbar transverse processes
128
iliocostalis innervation
dorsal rami
129
iliocostalis action
Bilateral: EX vertebral column
Unilateral: ABD, ADD vertebral column
Acts on: cervical, thoracic, and lumbar
130
longissimus origin
sacrum
131
longissimus insertion
superior to mastoid process
132
longissimus innervation
dorsal rami
133
longissimus action
Bilateral: EX vertebral column
Unilateral: ABD, ADD vertebral column
Acts on: capitate, cervical, thoracic
cross the atlantoccipital joint
134
spinalis origin
sacrum
135
spinalis insertion
Spinous process of upper thoracic - cervical vertebra and cranium
136
spinalis innervation
dorsal rami
137
spinalis action
Bilateral: EX vertebral column
Unilateral: ABD, ADD vertebral column
Acts on: capitate, cervical, thoracic
138
semispinalis origin
Transverse processes of C4-T12
139
semispinalis insertion
Occipital bone and spinous processes of thoracic and cervical vertebra
140
semispinalis innervation
dorsal rami
141
semispinalis action
Bilateral: EX
Unilateral: ABD, ADD, rotation
Acts on: capitis, cervicis, thoracis
4-6 segments
142
Multifidus origin
sacrum
143
Multifidus insertion
Spinous processes of all vertebra
144
Multifidus innervation
dorsal rami
145
Multifidus action
Keeps the lumbar spine vertical, stabilization
2-4 segments
146
rotatores origin
spinous processes
147
rotatores insertion
transverse processes of inferior vertebra
148
rotatores innervation
dorsal rami
149
rotatores action
rotates spine
1 segment = brevis
2 segments = longus
150
lavatores costarum origin
transverse processes of thoracic vertebra
151
lavatores costarum insertion
inferior ribs
152
lavatores costarum innervation
dorsal rami
153
lavatores costarum action
lifts the ribs to aid in inhalation
154
interspinales origin and insertion
Between spinous processes
155
lavatores costarum innervatinon
dorsal rami
156
lavatores costarum action
lift the ribs up in inhalation, aid in ab/adduction
157
intertransversarii origin and insertion
between transverse processes
158
intertransversarii innervation
posterior and anterior rami of spinal nerves
159
intertransversarii action
Aid in ABD, ADD and stabilization
160
rectus captious posterior major origin and insertion
occipital bone to spinous process of C2
161
rectus captious posterior major and minor innervation
suboccipital nerve
162
rectus captious posterior major and minor action
posture of head
163
rectus captious posterior minor origin and insertion
occipital bone to posterior tubercle of C1
164
obliques capitis superior and inferior innervation
suboccipital nerve
165
obliques capitis superior and inferior action
posture of head
166
obliques capitis superior origin and insertion
occipital bone to transverse process of C1
167
obliques capitis inferior origin and insertion
transverse process of C1 to spinous process of C2
168
external intercostals origin
superior rib
169
external intercostals insertion
inferior rib
170
external intercostals innervation
intercostal nerves
171
external intercostals action
lift rib for inspriation
172
internal intercostals origin
inferior rib
173
internal intercostals insertion
superior rib
174
internal intercostals action
depress rib for exhalation
175
internal intercostals innervation
intercostal nerves
176
pharynx muscles - external, circular, layer
superior, middle, and inferior pharyngeal constrictors
177
pharynx muscles - external, circular, layer action
contract and dilate pharynx for swallowing
178
pharynx muscles - external, circular, layer innervation
CN 10
179
pharynx muscles - internal longitudinal layer
palatopharyngus, salpingopharyngeus and styloeharygeaus
180
pharynx muscles - internal longitudinal layer action
elevate and depress to lengthen/shorten pharynx in swallowing
181
pharynx muscles - internal longitudinal layer innervation
palatopharyngus, salpingopharyngeus (CN 10)
styloeharygeaus (CN 9)
