Muscles of the abdomen that protect abdominal viscera and move the vertebral column

Question 1

Rectus abdominis

Answer 1

O- Pubic crest, pubic symphysis

I-Cartledge of fifth, sixth and seventh ribs and xiphoid process

A-Flex the vertebral column
Tilt pelvis posteriorly

N-T5, 6,T7- 11,T12, ventral rami

Question 2

External oblique

Answer 2

O-External surfaces of Fifth to 12th ribs

I-Anterior part of the iliac crest, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

A-Unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column To the same side
Rotate vertebral column to the opposite side
Bilaterally: flex the vertebral column
Compress abdominal contents

N-[T5, 6], T 7–11, T12

Question 3

Internal oblique

Answer 3

O-Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest and the thoracolumbar fascia

I-Internal surface of lower three ribs, abdominal aponeurosis to linea alba

A- Unilaterally: laterally flex vertebral column to same side
Rotate vertebral column to the same side
Bilaterally: flex the vertebral column
Compress abdominal contents

N- T7, 8, T9- 12, L1, iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal ventral rami

Question 4

Transversus abdominis

Answer 4

O-Lateral inguinal ligament, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia and internal surface of lower six ribs

I-Abdominal aponeurosis the linea alba

A-Compress abdominal contents

N-T7-12, L1, iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal, ventral divisions

Question 5

Quadratus lumborum

Answer 5

O-Posterior iliac crest

I- Last rib and transverse processes of first through fourth lumbar vertebrae

A- Unilaterally: laterally tilt [elevate] pelvis
Laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side
Assist to extend the vertebral column
Bilaterally: fix the last rib during forced inhalation and exhalation

N-