Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANAT 315 - human musculoskeletal > muscles of the back and neck > Flashcards

muscles of the back and neck Flashcards

1
Q

Extrinsic VS Intrinsic back muscles

A

Extrinsic back muscles
-anterior rami of spinal nerves
-superficial and intermediate groups of muscles
-primary function: upper limbs & respiration

Intrinsic back muscles
-posterior rami
-deep group of muscles
-attachment sites on the vertebrae or ribs
-primary function: vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the primary function of the extrinsic muscle?

A

Produce & control mvmt of the upper limbs & respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the primary function of the intrinsic muscles?

A

Mvmt and support of the vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What muscles comprise the different layers of the extrinsic (superficial) muscles of the back?

A

Superficial (1st) layer
Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi

Intermediate (2nd) layer
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid minor & major

Deep (3rd) layer
Serratus posterior
-superior
-inferior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which muscle is named the “broadest of the back”?

A

Latissimus dorsi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

True or false?
Muscles have to be attached to bone

A

False
Muscle can be attached to connective tissue
Ex: latissimus dorsi to thoracolumbar fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where is the primary function of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Primarily at the shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the function of the latissimus dorsi in the back?

A

Bilateral function: spine extension
Unilateral function: Ipsilateral lateral flexion of lumbar spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which muscles are primarily limb muscles, but synergists of other back muscles?

A

Trapezius & Latissimus dorsi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What muscle is diamond-shaped & slightly covers the the latissimus dorsi?

A

Trapezius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which way does the head turn when the left trap is contracted?

A

Contralateral rotation of the cervical spine
head rotates to the right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Btw the rhomboid minor or major, which muscle is more superior?

A

Rhomboid minor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Does the levator scapulae primarily move the neck or the shoulder blade?

A

Shoulder blade
meaning of the name: elevating the shoulder blade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which back muscles has no function in the back?

A

Rhomboid minor & major
mvmt of the scapula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

True or false?
Muscle has to cross a joint so contraction can move limb associate to the joint

A

True
Generally a muscle has to cross a joint so contraction can move limb associate to the joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

True or false?
Intrinsic muscles start in the back and finish outside it

A

False
Intrinsic muscles start in the back and stay inside because their primary function is mvmt & support of the vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which back muscles help the process of respiration?

A

Serratus posterior superior & inferior
(3rd layer of extrinsic back)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What muscle composes the intermediate group of back muscles?

A

Erector spinae
I like standing (lateral to medial)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the 3 vertical columns of muscle in the intermediate group of the back?

A

I like standing (lateral to medial)
Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis

20
Q

Which part of the erector spinae is responsible for lateral flexion of the spine?

A

Iliocostalis

21
Q

What are the transversospinalis muscles?

A

Semispinalis (capitis, cervicis, thoracis)
Rotatores (brevis & longus)
Multifidus

22
Q

Components of the semispinalis

A

Capitis
Cervicis
Thoracis

23
Q

In which region are the rotatores most developed?

A

Thoracic region

24
Q

Which muscles of the intrinsic deep back are mostly stabilizers?

A

Rotatores brevis
Multifidus

25
Q

Describe the movement of a muscle of the transversospinalis when it contracts unilaterally vs bilaterally

A

Bilateral: extension of spine
Unilateral: contralateral rotation

26
Q

What are the layers of the intrinsic back muscles?

A

Intermediate group: Erector spinae

Deep: Transversospinalis

Deepest: assist mvmt/support of spine
-interspinalis (btw SP)
-intertransversarii (btw TP)
-levatores costarum (rib elevators)

27
Q

Which muscles are deep to the trapezius?

A

splenius capitis & cervicis

28
Q

Where is located the mastoid bone?

A

Behind the ear

29
Q

What group of muscles is important for the posture/motion of the head? How does it act on the head?

A

Suboccipital muscles
Act directly or indirectly by extending it on C1 & rotating it on C1 & C2

30
Q

What are the different suboccipital muscles?

A

Rectus capitis posterior
-minor
-major

Obliquus capitis
-superior
-inferior

31
Q

What muscle literally means straight of the head?

A

Rectus capitis

32
Q

What muscle literally means oblique of the head?

A

Obliquus capitis

33
Q

What functions can both rectus capitis posterior & obliquus capitis do?

A

Bilateral: extension of head
Unilateral: Ipsilateral lateral flexion & ipsilateral rotation of head (except: minor for rotation)

34
Q

Which occipital muscles is not solicited for ipsilateral rotation of the head?

A

Rectus capitis minor

35
Q

Identify the borders of the occipital borders of the suboccipital triangle

A

Rectus capitis posterior major
Obliquus capitis
-superior
-inferior

36
Q

Which nerve innervates all suboccipital muscles?

A

Suboccipital nerve (posterior ramus of C1)

37
Q

What are the contents of the suboccipital triangle?

A

Vertebral artery
Suboccipital nerve (posterior ramus of C1)

38
Q

When the right sternocleidomastoid contracts, what side does the head rotate?

A

Rotation of the head to the left
Contralateral rotation

39
Q

What are the 3 attachments of the sternocleidomastoid?

A

Sternum
Clavicle
Mastoid process

40
Q

What are the different layers of neck muscles?

A

Superficial
-posterior (splenius)
-anterior (sternocleidomastoid)

Deep
-posterior (suboccipital)
-anterior (rc lat & ant, longus capitis & longus colli)

41
Q

Which one of the deep anterior neck muscles is responsible for the flexion of the neck?

A

Longus colli

42
Q

Which muscles are innervated by spinal accessory nerves?

A

Trapezius
Sternocleidomastoid

43
Q

Which muscles of the back produce contralateral rotation?

A

Trapezius
Transversospinalis
Sternocleidomastoid muscle

44
Q

Which muscle of the neck produce contralateral rotation?

A

Sternocleidomastoid

45
Q

splenius capitis/cervicis VS the semispinalis capitis/cervicis

A

splenius capitis/cervicis
-deep

the semispinalis capitis/cervicis
-deepest

ANAT 315 - human musculoskeletal (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions