Muscles of the Forearm

Question 1

Movements of the hand at the wrist joint

Answer 1

Extension
Flexion
Abduction (lateral/radial deviation)
Adduction (medial/ulnar deviation)

Question 2

Movements of the thumb

Answer 2

It is rotated 90 deg with respect to digits
So spreading all digits out, that is extension of the thumb
Sticking thumb straight up is abduction

Question 3

4 carpals in proximal row

Answer 3

Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform

Question 4

4 carpals in distal row

Answer 4

Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate

Question 5

Radiocarpal/wrist joint is between which bones?

Answer 5

Radius, scaphoid and lunate

Question 6

How many phalanges does the thumb have?

Answer 6

2

Question 7

Power grip

Answer 7

Muscles of the forearm that insert into the hand and allow for forceful gripping with the hand
Extrinsic muscles of the hand

Question 8

Almost all of the muscles in the anterior forearm are innervated by which nerve?

Answer 8

Median nerve

Question 9

Which muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm are innervated by the ulnar nerve?

Answer 9

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus

Question 10

4 muscles in the superficial layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm

Answer 10

Pronator teres
Flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 11

Flexor retinaculum

Answer 11

Thick band of membranous connective tissue that holds the tendons in place

Question 12

Muscle in the middle layer of the anterior compartment and its functions

Answer 12

Flexor digitorum superficialis
Attaches to the middle phalanges of the 4 fingers
Has 4 tendons
Flexes fingers at the PIP joints

Question 13

PIP joints

Answer 13

Proximal interphalangeal joint

Question 14

3 muscles in the deep layer of the anterior compartment

Answer 14

Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicus longus
Pronator quadratus

Question 15

Function of the Flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 15

Attaches to the distal phalanges of the 4 fingers
Has 4 tendons
Flexes fingers at the DIP joints

Question 16

Carpal tunnel

Answer 16

Floor is the carpal bones
Roof is the flexor retinaculum
9 tendons and 1 nerve pass through (4 tendons from superficials, 4 from profundus, 1 from pollicus longus, and median nerve)

Question 17

The posterior compartment of the forearm is innervated by which nerve?

Answer 17

Radial nerve

Question 18

Which muscle extends the fingers?

Answer 18

Extensor digitorum (with 4 tendons)

Question 19

5 muscles in the superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm

Answer 19

Brachioradialis
Extensor carpi radialis (longus and brevis)
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digit minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 20

Brachioradialis

Answer 20

Attaches anteriorly to distal radius
Flexor of elbow/forearm
Considered to be in the posterior compartment because its innervated by the radial nerve

Question 21

3 muscles in the deep layer of the posterior compartment

Answer 21

Extensory pollicis brevis
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor indicis

Question 22

2 extensors of the thumb

Answer 22

Extensor pollicis (longus and brevis)

Question 23

Extensor of

1. Index finger
2. Pinky finger

Answer 23

1. Extensor indicis

2. Extensor digit minimi

Question 24

The tendons of which muscle splits to allow distal attachment on the phalanges?

Answer 24

Tendons of the flexor digitorum superficialis split and attach to the middle phalanges
Tendons of the digitorum profundus move through the split and attach to the distal phalanges

Question 25

What muscle(s) 1. Pronates the forearm 2. Supinates the forearm

Answer 25

1. Pronator teres, pronator quadratus | 2. Biceps brachii