muscles of the head and neck

Question 1

What are the two superficial cervical muscles?

Answer 1

1. Sternocleidomastoid muscle
2. Trapezius muscle

Question 2

What are the suprahyoid muscles?

Answer 2

• Mylohyoid (important)
• Geniohyoid
• Digastric
• Stylohyoid

(MGDS)

Question 3

What are the infrahyoid muscles?

Answer 3

• Sternothyroid
• Sternohyoid
• Omohyoid
• Thyrohyoid

Question 4

What muscles converge at the modiolus?

Answer 4

• Orbicularis oris
• Buccinator
• Zygomaticus major
• Risorius
• Levator anguli oris
• Depressor anguli oris

Question 5

What is the origin of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Answer 5

• The sternum (superior and lateral part)
• The clavicle (medial portion)

Question 6

What is the insertion of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Answer 6

The mastoid process of the temporal bone

Question 7

What is the innervation of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Answer 7

Accessory nerve, XIth CN

Question 8

What is the action of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?

Answer 8

One- head to ipsilateral side
both- head down (prayer muscle)

Question 9

What is the origin of the trapezius muscle?

Answer 9

superior nuchal line of occipital bone
posterior midline of cervical and thoracic regions (1-12)

Question 10

What is the insertion of the trapezius muscle?

Answer 10

lateral 1/3 of clavicle and parts of the scapula

Question 11

What is the innervation of the trapezius muscle?

Answer 11

Accessory nerve (XIth CN)

Question 12

What is the action of the trapezius muscle?

Answer 12

Shrugs shoulders, elevating scapula and clavicle
Downwards rotation of the scapula