Muscles: Test 2 Flashcards
(205 cards)
0
Q
Insertion of the Trapezuis
A
Lateral Third of the clavicle
acromion
spine of the scapula
1
Q
origin of the Trapezuis
A
Medial Third of the superior nuchal line
EOP
nuchal ligament
Spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae
2
Q
innervation of the trapezuis
A
spinal accessory nerve (CV XI)
C3,C4 spinal nerves
3
Q
Actions of Trapezuis
A
Descending (superior): Elevates
Ascending (inferior): depresses
Middle/all together: retracts scapula, rotate glenoid cavity superiorly
4
Q
Rhomboid Major Origin
A
spinous process of T2-T5 verterbrae
5
Q
Rhomboid major insertion
A
medial third of the scapula from level of spine to inferior angl
6
Q
Rhomboid minor origin
A
nuchal ligament,
spinous processes of C7-T1 vertebrae
7
Q
Rhomboid Minor insertion
A
triangular area of medial end of scapular spine
8
Q
Rhomboid Innervation
A
dorsal scapular nerve (C4,C5)
9
Q
Rhomboid action
A
Retract scapula and rotate it to depress glenoid cavity
fix scapular to thoracic wall
10
Q
Levator Scapulae origin
A
posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae
11
Q
Levator Scapulae Insertion
A
Medial border of the scapula superior to the root of spine
12
Q
levator scapulae Innervation
A
Dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
C3,C4 spinal nerves
13
Q
levator scapulae actions
A
elevates scapula and tilts gleniod cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula
14
Q
Supraspinatus Origin
A
Supraspinous fossa of scapula
15
Q
supraspinatus insertion
A
superior facet of the greater tubercle of humerus
16
Q
supraspinatus innervation
A
suprascapular nerve (C4,C5,C6)
17
Q
supraspinatus actions
A
initiates and assists deltoid: abduction of should joint
and acts with other rotator cuff muscles
18
Q
Infraspinatus Origin
A
Infraspinous fossa of scapula
19
Q
infraspinatus Insertion
A
middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus
20
Q
Infraspinatus innervation
A
suprascapular nerve (C5,C6)
21
Q
Infraspinatus actions
A
laterally rotates should joint,
helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula
22
Q
Teres Minor origin
A
middle part of lateral border of scapula
23
Q
teres minor insertion
A
inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
24
teres minor innervation
axillary nerve (C5,C6)
25
Teres minor action
laterally rotates should joint
| helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity of scapula
26
Teres major origin
inferior border of scapula and
| posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula
27
Teres major insertion
medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
28
teres major innervation
lower subscapular nerve (C5,C6)
29
teres major actions
adducts and medially rotates shoulder joint
30
subscapularis origin
subscapular fossa of scapula
31
subscapularis insertion
lesser tubercle of humerus
32
subscapularis innervation
upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5,C6,C7)
33
subscapularis actions
medially rotates and adducts shoulder joint.
| helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity
34
Deltoid Origin
Lateral third of clavicle
acromion and spine of scapula
**same as insertion of trap**
35
Deltoid Insertion
deltoid tuberosity of humerus
36
deltoid innervation
axillary nerve (C5,C6)
37
Deltoid Actions
clavicular (anterior): flexes and medially rotates shoulder joint
Acromial (middle): abducts shoulder joint
Spinal (posterior): extends and laterally rotates shoulder joint
38
Latissimus Dorsi Origin
spinous processes of inferior six thoracic vertebrae
Thoracolumbar fascia
iliac crest
inferior 3-4 ribs
39
Latissimus Dorsi insertion
floor of interubercular sulcus (groove) of humerus
40
Latissimus Dorsi innervation
thoracodorsal nerve
| C6,C7,C8 spinal nerves
41
Latissimus Dorsi actions
extends, adducts, and medially rotates should joint
| raises body towards arms (climbing)
42
Pecoralis Major origin
Clavicular head: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle
| Sternocostal head: anterior surface of sternum, superior 6 costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle
43
Pectoralis major insertion
lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus (groove) of humerus
44
Pectoralis major innervation
lateral and medial pectoral nerves
clavicular head: C5,C6
sternocostal head: C7,C8,T1
45
Pectoralis minor origin
3-5 ribs near their costal cartilage
46
pectoralis minor insertion
medial border and superior surface of coracoid process of scapula
47
pectoralis minor innervation
medial pectoral nerve (C8,T1)
48
Pectoralis minor actions
stabilizes scapula by drawing inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall
49
Subclavius origin
Junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage
50
subclavius insertion
inferior surface of middle third of clavicle
51
subclavius innervation
subclavian nerve (C5,C6)
52
subclavius actions
anchors and depresses clavicle
53
Serratus anterior origin
external surfaces of lateral parts of 1-8 ribs
54
serratus anterior insertion
anterior surface of medial border of scapula
55
serratus anterior innervation
long thoracic nerve (C5,C6,C7)
56
serratus anterior actions
protracts scapula and holds against thoracic wall.
| rotates scapula
57
sternocleidomastoid (SCM) origin
lateral surface of mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral half of superior nuchal line
58
sternocleidomastoid insertion
sternal head: anterior surfaces of manubrium of sternum
| Clavicular head: superior surface of medial third of clavicle
59
sternocleidomastoid innervation
spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
| C2,C3 spinal nerves
60
sternocliedomastoid actions
unilateral contraction: tilts head to same side and rotates it so face is turned superiorly toward opposite side.
bilateral contraction: extends head at atlanto-occipital joints, flexes cervical vertebrae so that chin approaches manubrium, extends superior cervical vertebrae while flexing inferior vertebrae so sin is thrust foward with head kept level.
with cervical vertebrae fixed: elevate manubrium and medial end of clavicles
61
anterior scalene origin
anterior tubercles of transverse processes of C3-C6 vertebrae
62
anterior scalene insertion
1st rib
63
anterior scalene innervation
cervical spinal nerves (C4-C6)
64
anterior scalene action
flexes neck laterally, elevates first rib during forced inspiration
65
middle scalene origin
posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C4-C7 vertebrae
66
middle scalene insertion
1st rib
67
middle scalene innervation
anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves
68
middle scalene actions
flexes laterally, elevates 1st rib during forced inspiration
69
posterior scalene origin
posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C4-C6 vertebrae
70
posterior scalene insertion
2nd rib
71
posterior scalene innervation
anterior rami of cervical spinal nerves C7,C8
72
posterior scalene actions
flexes neck laterally and elevates 2nd rib during forced inspiration
73
omohyoid origin
superior border of scapula near suprascapular notch
74
omohyoid insertion
inferior border of hyoid
75
omohyoid action
depresses, retracts, and steadies hyoid
76
Biceps brachii origin
short head: tip of coracoid process of scapula
| long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
77
biceps brachii insertion
tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis
78
biceps brachii innervation
musculocutaneous nerve (C5,C6)
79
biceps brachii actions
supinates forearm and when it is supinated, flexes elbow joint, flexes shoulder joint,
short head resists dislocation of shoulder
80
coracobrachialis origin
tip of coracoid process of scapula
81
coracobrachialis insertion
middle third of medial surface of humerus
82
coracobrachialis innervation
musculocutaneous nerve ( C5,C6,C7)
83
coracobrachialis actions
helps flex and adduct shoulder joint
| resists dislocation of shoulder
84
brachialis origin
distal half of anterior surface of humerus
85
brachialis insertion
coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
86
brachialis innervation
musculocutaneous nerve (C5,C6)
87
brachialis actions
flexes elbow joint in all positions
88
triceps brachii origin
long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
lateral head: posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove
medial head: posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove
89
triceps brachii insertion
proximal end of olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm
90
triceps brachii innervation
Radial Nerve (C6,C7,C8)
91
triceps brachii actions
Extends elbow joint.
| Long head: extends shoulder joint and resists dislocation of the humerus
92
Brachioradialis origin
proximal two thirds of lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus
93
brachioradialis insertion
lateral surface of distal end of radius proximal to styloid process
94
brachioradialis innervation
Radial nerve (C5,C6,C7)
95
brachioradialis action
relatively weak flexion of elbow joint
| maximal when forearm is in midpronated position
96
Extensor carpi radialis longus origin
lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus
97
Extensor carpi radialis longus insertion
dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal
98
Extensor carpi radialis longus innervation
radial nerve (C6,C7)
99
Extensor carpi radialis longus action
extend and abduct wrist joint
100
Extensor carpi radialis brevis origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
101
Extensor carpi radialis brevis insertion
dorsal aspect of base of 3rd metacarpal
102
Extensor carpi radialis brevis innervation
deep branch of radial nerve (C7,C8)
103
Extensor carpi radialis brevis action
extend and abduct wrist joint
| active during fist clenching
104
extensor digitorum origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
105
extensor digitorum insertion
extensor expansions of medial 4 fingers
106
extensor digitorum innervation
posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8)
| continuation of deep branch of radial nerve
107
extensor digitorum action
extend wrist joint
| extend medial four fingers
108
extensor digiti minimi origin
lateral epidondyle of humerus
109
extensor digiti minimi insertion
extensor expansion of 5th finger
110
extensor digiti minimi innervation
posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8)
111
extensor digiti minimi action
extends wrist joint
| extends 5th finger
112
extensor carpi ulnaris origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
| posterior border of ulna via a shared aponeurosis
113
extensor carpi ulnaris insertion
dorsal aspect of base of 5th metacarpal
114
extensor carpi ulnaris innervation
posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8)
115
extensor carpi ulnaris action
supinates forearm
| rotates radius to turn palm anteriorly or superiorly (if elbow is fixed)
116
Abductor pollicis longus origin
posterior surface of proximal halves of ulna, radius, & interosseous membrane
117
Abductor pollicis longus insertion
base of 1st metacarpal
118
Abductor pollicis longus innervation
posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8)
119
Abductor pollicis longus action
extends wrist joint
| abducts thumb and extends it at carpometacarpal joint
120
extensor pollicis longus origin
posterior surface of middle third of ulna and interosseous membrane
121
extensor pollicis longus insertion
dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb
122
extensor pollicis longus innervation
posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8)
123
extensor pollicis longus action
extends wrist joint
extends distal phalanx of thumb at interphalangeal joint
extends metacarpophalangela and carpometacarpal joints
124
extensor pollicis brevis origin
posterior surface of distal third of radius and interosseous membrane
125
extensor pollicis brevis insertion
doral aspect of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
126
extensor pollicis brevis innervation
posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8)
127
extensor pollicis brevis action
extends wrist
extends proximal phalanx of thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint
extends carpometacarpal joint
128
extensor indicis origin
posterior surface of distal third of ulna and interosseous membrane
129
extensor indicis insertion
extensor expansion of 2nd finger
130
extensor indicis innervation
posterior interosseous nerve (C7,C8)
131
extensor indicis action
extends wrist
extends 2nd finger
helps extend hand at wrist
132
Supinator origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
radial collateral and anular ligaments
supinator fossa
crest of ulna
133
supinator insertion
lateral,posterior and anterior surfaces of proximal third of radius
134
supinator innervation
deep branch of radial nerve (C7,C8)
135
supinator action
supinates forearm
| rotates radius to turn pam anteriorly or superiorly (if elbow is flexed)
136
pronator teres origin
ulnar head: coronoid process of ulna
| humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus
137
pronator teres insertion
middle of convexity of lateral surface of radius
138
pronator teres innervation
median nerve (C6,C7)
139
pronator teres action
pronates and flexes forearm
140
flexor carpi radialis origin
medial epicondyle of humerus
141
flexor carpi radialis insertion
base of 2nd (3rd) metacarpal
142
flexor carpi radialis innervation
median nerve (C6,C7)
143
flexor carpi radialis action
flexes and abducts hand at wrist
144
Palmaris longus origin
medial epicondyle of humerus
145
Palmaris longus insertion
distal half of flexor retinaculum
| palmer aponeurosis
146
Palmaris longus innervation
median nerve (C7,C8)
147
Palmaris longus action
```
flexes hand (at wrist)
tenses palmar aponeurosis
```
148
Flexor carpi ulnaris origin
| humeral and ulnar head
olecranon and posterior border of ulna
149
Flexor carpi ulnaris insertion
pisiform
hook of hamate
5th metacarpal
150
Flexor carpi ulnaris innervation
ulnar nerve (C7,C8)
151
Flexor carpi ulnaris action
flexes and adducts hand at wrist
152
flexor digitorum superficialis origin
humero-ulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus and coranoid process of ulna
radial head: oblique line of radius
153
flexor digitorum superficialis insertion
shafts of middle phalanges of medial 4 digits
154
flexor digitorum superficialis innervation
median nerve (C7,C8,T1)
155
flexor digitorum superficialis action
flexes wrist joint
flexes proximal interphalangeal joints of middle 4 digits
flexes proximal phalanges
156
flexor digitorum profundus origin
proximal 3/4 of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane
157
flexor digitorum profundus insertion
bases of distal phalanges of 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th digits
158
flexor digitorum profundus innervation
lateral part of median nerve (C8,T1)
| medial part of ulnar nerve ( C8,T1)
159
flexor digitorum profundus action
flexes wrist
flexes distal interphalangeal joints of digits 2-5
assists in wrist flexion
160
flexor pollicis longus origin
anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseous membrane
161
flexor pollicis longus insertion
base of distal phalanx of thumb
162
flexor pollicis longus innervation
anterior interosseous nerve, from median nerve (C8,T1)
163
flexor pollicis longus action
flexes wrist
| flexes metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints of thumb
164
pronator quadratus origin
distal quarter of anterior surface of ulna
165
pronator quadratus insertion
distal quarter of anterior surface of radius
166
pronator quadratus innervation
anterior interosseous nerve, from median nerve (C8,T1). Cx.
167
pronator quadratus action
pronates forearm,
| deep fibers bind radius and ulna together
168
abductor pollicis brevis origin
flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
169
abductor pollicis brevis insertion
lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
170
abductor pollicis brevis innervation
recurrent branch of median nerve (C8,T1)
171
abductor pollicis brevis action
abducts thumb
| helps oppose it
172
flexor pollicis brevis origin
| superficial head & deep head
flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
173
flexor pollicis brevis insertion
lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
174
flexor pollicis brevis innervation
reccurent branch of median nerve (C8,T1)
175
flexor pollicis brevis action
flexus thumb
176
opponens pollicis origin
flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium
177
opponens pollicis insertion
lateral side of 1st metacarpal
178
opponens pollicis innervation
recurrent branch of median nerve (C8,T1)
179
opponens pollicis action
oppose thumb
| it draws 1st metacarpal medially to center of palm and rotates medially
180
abductor digiti minimi origin
pisiform
181
abductor digiti minimi insertion
medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th finger
182
abductor digiti minimi innervation
deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8,T1)
183
abductor digiti minimi actions
abducts 5th finger
| assists flexion of its proximal phalanx
184
flexor digiti minimi brevis origin
hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
185
flexor digiti minimi brevis insertion
medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 5th finger
186
flexor digiti minimi brevis innervation
deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8,T1)
187
flexor digiti minimi brevis action
flexes proximal phalanx of 5th finger
188
opponses digiti minimi origin
hook of hamate
| flexor retinaculum
189
opponses digiti minimi insertion
medial border of 5th metacarpal
190
opponses digiti minimi innervation
deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8,T1)
191
opponses digiti minimi action
draws 5th metacarpal anterior and rotates it;
| bringing 5th finger into opposition with thumb
192
Lumbricals (1 and 2) origin
lateral 2 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
193
Lumbricals (3 and 4) origin
medial 3 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
194
Lumbricals insertion
lateral sides of extensor expansions of 2nd-5th fingers
195
Lumbricals innervation
1 & 2: median nerve (C8,T1)
3 & 4: deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8,T1)
196
Lumbricals action
flex metacarpophalangeal joints
| extend interphalangeal joints of 2nd-5th fingers
197
dorsal interossei, 1-4 origin
adjacent sides of 2 metacarpals
198
dorsal interossei, 1-4 insertion
bases of proximal phalanges
| extensor expansions of 2nd-4th fingers
199
dorsal interossei, 1-4 innervation
deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8,T1)
200
dorsal interossei, 1-4 action
abduct 2nd-4th fingers from axial line
| act with lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and extending interphalangeal joints
201
palmar interosei (1-3) origin
palmar surfaces of 2nd, 4th, and 5th metacarpals
202
palmar interosei (1-3) insertion
bases of proximal phalanges
| extensor expansions of 2nd,4th and 5th fingers
203
palmar interosei (1-3) innervation
deep branch of ulnar nerve (C8,T1)
204
palmar interosei (1-3) actions
adduct 2nd,4th, and 5th, fingers toward axial line
| assists lumbricals in flexing metacarpophalangeal joints and extending interphalangeal joints
