Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

canfitpro pts > Muscular Anatomy > Flashcards

Muscular Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is skeletal muscle?

A

connected to bones
provides force to move a joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is cardiac muscle?

A

allows the heart to pump blood around the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is smooth muscle?

A

found in digestive, urinary, and circulatory systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are myofibrils?

A

thin fibers running the length of muscle that make up muscle fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are agnostic and antagonist muscles?

A

muscles that work together to provide movement - usually on opposite sides of a limb
ex. biceps and triceps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is concentric contraction?

A

when the muscle shortens.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is eccentric contraction?

A

when the muscle lengthens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Skeletal muscle parts (biggest to smallest)

A

Muscle fiber
myofibril
sarcomere
actin (thin filaments) and myosin (thick filaments)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is an isometric contraction?

A

when the muscle is contracted but still

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the central nervous system?

A

the brain and spinal cord
the control center of the nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the peripheral nervous system?

A

made up of nerves that connect the extremities to the CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do nerve cells or neurons do?

A

carry nerve signals throughout the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do sensory neurons do?

A

carry info and sensations from the body to the CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do motor neurons do?

A

carry info back to muscles to generate a response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are propioceptors?

A

specialized sensory receptors in joints, muscles, and tendons
sensitive to tension and pressure
sends messages to CNS to maintain muscle tone and provide coordinated movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a muscle spindle?

A

one type of proprioceptor
provides info about the length of muscle fiber and how quickly it changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are Golgi tendon organs?

A

one type of proprioceptor
activated when the attached muscle is stretched - the purpose is to prevent excessive stress on joints by activating when the muscle contracts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is synergist muscle?

A

assists the agonist in creating movement or stabilizes the movement to make it more efficient and aligned.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The 2 fiber types of skeletal muscle are…

A

slow twitch and fast twitch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Describe slow twitch.

A

best suited for endurance work because they have a greater ability to use oxygen and resist fatigue.
-contain higher amounts of mitochondria
- produce a smaller amount of force
- work aerobically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Describe fast twitch.

A

best for exercises that require short, intense bursts of activity.
- have the ability to produce and use ATP more quickly
- produce great force but fatigue quickly
- work anaerobically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

3 factors related to strength.

A

muscle size
muscle length
speed of contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Describe muscle size

A

the force a muscle can create is related to its size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Describe muscle length

A

potential to create the greatest force is when muscles are at resting length because actin and myosin filaments lie next to each other and all potential cross bridges are exposed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Speed of contraction for concentric muscle actions.

A

max force achieved with slower contractions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Speed of contraction for eccentric muscle actions

A

greater force with faster contractions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Neural control leads to great force by…

A

more motor units involved
motor units are bigger
rate of firing is faster

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Early gains can be attributed to what?

A

neuromuscular adaptation as the brain learns how to tell muscles to generate more force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the agonist muscle?

A

the muscle that provides most of the tension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is the antagonist muscle?

A

the muscle that performs the opposite movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Describe muscle strength.

A

the maximum amount of force a muscle can generate.

32
Q

Describe muscle power.

A

the explosive aspect of strength.
product of strength and speed of movement

33
Q

Describe muscle endurance.

A

ability of a muscle to exert force repeatedly over time.

34
Q

The rotator cuff is described by SITS. Which is?

A

Supraspinatus, infrapinatus, teres minor, sub-scapularis

35
Q

Stabilizers are composed primarily of?

A

slow twitch muscle fibers that produce continuous force with little to no ROM

36
Q

How long do “beginner gains” last?

A

approx 8 weeks.

37
Q

Movement of the Trapezius (shoulder girdle)

A

upper -Elevation
middle - adduction or retraction
lower - depression and upward rotation and stability of the scapula

38
Q

Movement of the Levator Scapulae (shoulder girdle)

A

elevation of the scapula

39
Q

Movement of the Rhomboids major and minor (shoulder girdle)

A

adduction or retraction of scapula

40
Q

Movement of Pectoralis minor (shoulder girdle)

A

depression and abduction or protraction of the scapula

41
Q

Movement of Serratus Anterior (shoulder girdle)

A

Abduction or protraction and upward rotation of the scapula
moving scapula anteriorly against the chest wall

42
Q

Movement of Pectoralis major (shoulder)

A

flexion, adduction, internal rotation, horizontal adduction

43
Q

Movement of Deltoid - anterior, medial, posterior (shoulder)

A

abduction, external rotation
assists in flexion, extension, horizontal abduction

44
Q

Movement of Coracobrachialis (shoulder)

A

flexion, adduction

45
Q

Movement of Teres Major (shoulder)

A

adduction, extension, internal rotation

46
Q

Movement of Latissimus Dorsi (shoulder)

A

extension, adduction, internal rotation

47
Q

Movements of Triceps Brachii (shoulder and elbow)

A

extension
elbow extension

48
Q

Movement of Biceps Brachii (shoulder and elbow)

A

flexion
elbow flexion
supination of forearm

49
Q

Movement of the Brachialis (elbow)

A

elbow flexion

50
Q

Movement of the Pronator Teres (elbow)

A

pronation of forearm

51
Q

Movement of Brachioradialis (elbow)

A

Elbow flexion
pronation and supination of the forearm

52
Q

Movement of Anconeus (elbow)

A

elbow extension

53
Q

Movement of Supinator (elbow)

A

supination of forearm

54
Q

Movement of Psoas Major (hip)

A

Hip flexion

55
Q

Movement of Iliacus (hip)

A

hip flexion

56
Q

Movement/members of Adductor group (hip)

A

hip flexion

-adductor longus
-adductor magnus
-adductor brevis
-gracilis
-pectineus

57
Q

Movement of Tensor Fasciae Latae (hip)

A

Hip flexion, abduction, medial rotation

58
Q

Movement of Rectus Femoris (hip)

A

Hip Flexion

59
Q

Movement of the Sartorius (hip)

A

hip flexion, lateral rotation

60
Q

Movement of Gluteus Medius (hip)

A

hip extension, abduction

61
Q

Movement of Gluteus Maximus (hip)

A

hip extension

62
Q

Movement and members of Hamstrings (hip and knee)

A

hip extension, knee flexion

-biceps femoris
-semitendinosus
-semimembranosus

63
Q

Movement and members of Quadriceps (knee)

A

knee extension

-rectus femoris
-vastus lateralis
-vastus medialis
-vastus intermedius

64
Q

Movement of Plantaris (knee)

A

knee flexion

65
Q

Movement of Popliteus (knee)

A

knee flexion

66
Q

Movement of Gastrocnemius (knee)

A

knee flexion

67
Q

Movement of Tibialis Anterior (ankle)

A

dorsiflexion, inversion

68
Q

Movement of Tibialis Posterior (ankle)

A

plantar flexion, inversion

69
Q

Movement of Gastrocnemius and Soleus (ankle)

A

Plantar flexion

70
Q

Movement of Rectus Abdominis (core)

A

spinal flexion, posterior pelvic tilt

71
Q

Movement of Internal Oblique (core)

A

spinal rotation, lateral flexion, posterior pelvic tilt

72
Q

Movement of External Oblique (core)

A

Spinal rotation, lateral flexion, posterior pelvic tilt

73
Q

Movement of Transversus Abdominis (core)

A

internal stability

74
Q

Movement of Erector Spinae (core)

A

spinal extension

75
Q

Movement of Quadratus Lumborum (core)

A

lateral flexion

canfitpro pts (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions