Muscular System Flashcards
(36 cards)
1
Q
muscular system
A
- controls movement of body
2
Q
muscle contraction
A
- sliding of actin and myosin filament together within muscle cell or fiber
3
Q
what are muscles composed of?
A
- fibers
= thick and thin filaments (creates tension + contraction)
4
Q
sacromeres
A
- muscle cell that consist of myofibrils in smaller units
5
Q
what do muscles need for contraction
A
- calcium
- ATP
6
Q
how do calcium ions cause muscles to move
A
- nervous stimulation releases calcium
- calcium attaches to inhibitory proteins on actin filaments
- cross-bridges between actin + myosin = contraction
7
Q
types of muscles
A
- skeletal
- smooth
- cardiac
8
Q
skeletal muscle
A
- voluntary muscles
9
Q
prime mover
A
- muscle that executes a given movement
10
Q
antagonist
A
- muscle produces opposite movement
11
Q
synergists
A
- muscles that work together w prime mover
12
Q
smooth muscle
A
- involuntary
- found in organs such as stomach and blood vessels
13
Q
cardiac muscle
A
- involuntary
- muscles that pump blood from heart to body
14
Q
muscle sizes
A
- maximus
- minimus
- longus
- brevis
15
Q
muscle shapes
A
- deltoid
- trapezius
- serratus
- rhomboid
16
Q
muscle origins
A
- biceps (2 origins)
- triceps (3 origins)
- quadriceps (4 origins)
17
Q
abductor
A
- moves bone away from midline
18
Q
adductor
A
- moves bone toward midline
19
Q
flexor
A
- decreases angle of joint
20
Q
extensor
A
- increases angle of joint
21
Q
depressor
A
- moves downward
22
Q
levator
A
- moves upward
23
Q
pronator
A
- turns palm down
24
Q
supinator
A
- turns palm upward
25
sphincter
- reduces size of opening
26
tensor
- makes rigid
27
rotator
- moves bone around its axes
28
muscular system function
- controls movement
| - maintains body posture, position, joint stability
29
muscle contraction function
- produce heat
| - maintain body temp.
30
how does the muscular system work with the integumentary system
- by moving the facial skin to produce expressions
31
how does the muscular system work with the skeletal system
- by moving the bones at the point of articulation (joint)
32
how does the muscular system work with the nervous system
- by housing receptors that tell the brain about body position and movement
33
how does the muscular system work with the circulatory system
- by pushing blood through the vessels of the body
34
how does the muscular system work with the respiratory system
- by moving the diaphragm so that the lungs can inflate and deflate
35
how does the muscular system work with the digestive system
- by moving food down esophagus, breaking it up in stomach, pushing it through intestines
36
how does the muscular system work with the urinary system
- by controlling the release of urine
