Muscular System

Question 1

A band of fibrous tissue connecting the heel bone to the calf muscle.

Answer 1

Achilles tendon - Tendón de Aquiles

Question 2

Complete loss of voluntary movement.

Answer 2

Akinesia - Acinesia

Question 3

Abnormal protein deposits in the bones, muscles, or other organs; this is a progressive and incurable disease.

Answer 3

Amyloidosis - Amiloidosis

Question 4

Wasting away of muscle or bone, typically due to lack of use or cell degeneration.

Answer 4

Atrophy - Atrofia

Question 5

Muscles with two points of attachment at one end. It usually refers to the muscles on the front part of the upper arm.

Answer 5

Biceps - Bíceps

Question 6

It is a measurement of a person’s body fat based on height and weight.

Answer 6

BMI (Body Mass Index) - Índice de masa corporal

Question 7

The two rounded portions of gluteal muscle on which a person sits.

Answer 7

Buttocks - Glúteos

Question 8

Plural form calves, these muscles are located in the back part of the lower leg below the knee.

Answer 8

Calf - Pantorrilla

Question 9

A flexible, firm, translucent white connective tissue found in various forms throughout the body.

Answer 9

Cartilage - Cartílago

Question 10

A neurological condition marked by complete or partial loss of motor function and caused by some form of brain damage or abnormal development in utero.

Answer 10

Cerebral Palsy - Parálisis cerebral

Question 11

A medical practitioner focused on the identification, diagnosis, and treatment of neuromuscular conditions, with their primary focus on spinal adjustments and manipulation.

Answer 11

Chiropractor - Quiropráctico

Question 12

Relating to the rib and costal cartilages.

Answer 12

Chondrocostal - Condrocostal

Question 13

A cartilaginous tumor or growth.

Answer 13

Chondroma - Condroma

Question 14

Softening and deterioration of the cartilage.

Answer 14

Chondromalacia - Condromalacia

Question 15

Hardening and shortening of tendons, muscles, or other tissues, leading to joint rigidity and deformity.

Answer 15

Contracture - Contractura

Question 16

A bruise; an area of the skin marked by purple, blue, or black discoloration as a result of ruptured capillaries.

Answer 16

Contusion - Contusión

Question 17

Also known as spasm, this is an involuntary and painful contraction of a muscle, which happens most often because of strain or fatigue.

Answer 17

Cramp - Calambre

Question 18

A large muscle that cover the shoulder and forms its round contour.

Answer 18

Deltoid - Deltoide

Question 19

A thin, dome-shaped sheet of muscle that plays a vital role in the breathing process. It also separates the abdomen and thorax cavities.

Answer 19

Diaphragm - Diafragma

Question 20

Decreased power or abnormality of voluntary movements.

Answer 20

Dyskinesia - Disquinesia

Question 21

It is a diagnostic test using tiny electrodes placed over the body to examine the electrical activity and health of the nerve cells that control the muscles.

Answer 21

EMG (Electromyography) - Electromiografía

Question 22

Growth of cartilage on the surface of a bone.

Answer 22

Exostosis - Exostosis

Question 23

Thin sheath of tissue that encloses and protects organs and muscles.

Answer 23

Fascia - Fascia

Question 24

A chronic disease marked by musculoskeletal pain, localized joint tenderness, and fatigue.

Answer 24

Fibromyalgia - Fibromialgia

Question 25

The primary calf muscle, which allows the foot and knee to flex.

Answer 25

Gastrocnemius - Gastrocnemio

Question 26

A substance similar to glucose stored in the liver and muscles. It provides the body an additional source of energy when blood glucose levels drop.

Answer 26

Glycogen - Glucógeno

Question 27

Three muscles in the back of the thigh that flex and rotate the leg.

Answer 27

Hamstrings - Isquios

Question 28

Organ or body part enlargement due to increased cell size.

Answer 28

Hypertrophy - Hipertrofia

Question 29

A fibrous and thin piece of cartilage located between joint surfaces, most commonly referred to in the knee.

Answer 29

Meniscus - Menisco

Question 30

A drug that decreases muscle tone and impairs muscle function; it is most often used to relieve muscle spasms, hyperreflexia, or pain.

Answer 30

Muscle relaxant - Relajante muscular

Question 31

Wasting away and weakness of the muscles caused by a genetic disease or malnutrition.

Answer 31

Muscular Dystrophy - Distrofia muscular

Question 32

A painful rupture of muscle tissue, most commonly caused by movement beyond the normal range.

Answer 32

Muscular tear - Desgarre muscular

Question 33

An autoimmune condition characterized by abnormally weak muscles, but non-atrophic.

Answer 33

Myasthenia Gravis - Miastenia Gravis

Question 34

Muscle tissue tumor.

Answer 34

Myofibroma - Miofibroma

Question 35

Any of various diseases in the muscle.

Answer 35

Myopathy - Miopatía

Question 36

Surgical repair or suturing of a muscle.

Answer 36

Myorrhaphy - Miráfisis

Question 37

Four tendons that stabilize the joint in the shoulder, each of which attaches to a muscle that helps the arm and shoulder move.

Answer 37

Rotator cuff - Manguito rotador

Question 38

A tear or break in a structure or organ, such as the spleen or tendon.

Answer 38

Rupture - Ruptura

Question 39

A natural aging process marked by muscle loss.

Answer 39

Sarcopenia - Sarcopenia

Question 40

Unlike skeletal muscle, smooth muscle moves involuntarily. It is present in the walls of hollow organs like the bladder, uterus, and stomach. The heart, however, is made of cardiac muscle.

Answer 40

Smooth muscle - Músculo liso

Question 41

A lower calf muscle that helps the foot flex and point the toes downward.

Answer 41

Soleus - Soleo

Question 42

A violent twist of a ligament resulting in pain, swelling, and bruising. The most common locations for a sprain are the ankle and wrist.

Answer 42

Sprain - Torcedura

Question 43

Inability to easily move muscles and joints.

Answer 43

Stiffness - Rigidez

Question 44

A severe pull or tear of a muscle or tendon. The most common locations for a strain are the lower back, calves and hamstrings.

Answer 44

Strain - Estirón

Question 45

Inelastic, but flexible fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone.

Answer 45

Tendon - Tendón

Question 46

Tendon inflammation, generally caused by overuse, rheumatoid disease, or infection.

Answer 46

Tendonitis - Tendinitis

Question 47

A serious and life-threatening bacterial infection characterized by muscle spasms.

Answer 47

Tetanus - Tétano

Question 48

One of two triangular muscles spreading over the shoulders and back of the neck, which helps the head move.

Answer 48

Trapezius - Trapecio

Question 49

A muscle that has three attachments at the end, used most often in reference to the large muscle in the back of the arm.

Answer 49

Triceps - Tríceps