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Cloudbreak > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

A deteriorating and progressive disease of the brain, characterized by loss of language skills, thinking, and memory.

A

Alzheirmer’s disease - Enfermedad de Alzheimer

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2
Q

ALS is a deteriorating and progressive disorder of motor neurons in the central nervous system causing paralysis and muscle loss.

A

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - Esclerosis lateral amiotrófica

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3
Q

The inability to control body movements.

A

Ataxia - Ataxia

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4
Q

It is a behavioral disorder occurring mostly in children, marked by poor focus, impulsivity, and hyperactivity.

A

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) - Trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad

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5
Q

A mental disorder present from early childhood and marked by symptoms of difficulties with communication, social interaction, and understanding abstract language concepts.

A

Autism - Autismo

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6
Q

Severe weakness or paralysis of the facial nerve that controls muscle movements; it usually happens on just one side of the face and is characterized by a facial droop.

A

Bell palsy - Parálisis de Bell

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7
Q

A psychiatric condition marked by fluctuating periods of elation and depression.

A

Bipolar disorder - Trastorno bipolar

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8
Q

The central part of the brain that connects with the spinal cord. It is responsible for controlling basic body functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, consciousness, swallowing, and breathing.

A

Brainstem - Tronco cerebral

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9
Q

These are two major blood vessels located on both sides of the neck. They supply oxygenated blood form the heart to the brain and head.

A

Carotid arteries - Arterias carótidas

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10
Q

A procedure that removes the buildup that causes the carotid arteries to stop or decrease blood flow to the brain.

A

Carotid endarterectomy - Endarterectomía carotídea

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11
Q

The result of a clot or plaque blocking blood flow to the brain and causing an ischemic stroke.

A

Cerebral embolism - Embolia cerebral

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12
Q

It up the brain and spinal cord and is one of the two nervous systems in the body.

A

CNS (Central Nervous System) - Sistema nervioso central

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13
Q

Relating to cognition, which involves conscious intellectual processes like reasoning, thinking, and remembering.

A

Cognitive - Cognitivo

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14
Q

It is a noninvasive study using a combination of computer and x-ray images of the internal body structures to look for abnormalities.

A

Computed Tomography (CT) - Tomografía computarizada

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15
Q

A minor brain injury caused by a blow to the head resulting in a brief loss of consciousness.

A

Concussion - Conmoción cerebral

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16
Q

A sudden, involuntary muscle contraction of the body or limb, which generally happens as a result of toxins, seizures, or fever.

A

Convulsion - Convlsión

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17
Q

A myelogram is a radiographic study that uses contrast dye to form images of the spinal column, including roots, nerves, and tissues.

A

CT myelography - Mierlografía por tomografía computarizada

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18
Q

A brain disease or injury that causes progressive deterioration of mental processes leading to personality changes, mood disorders, and impaired reasoning.

A

Dementia - Demencia

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19
Q

It is a diagnostic study using electrodes attached to the head to record electrical brain activity.

A

EEG (Electroencephalogram) - Electroencefalograma

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20
Q

Brain inflammation, which is usually caused by an allergic reaction or an infection.

A

Encephalitis - Encefalitis

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21
Q

Sudden recurrent episodes of violent convulsions and loss of consciousness, caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain.

A

Epilepsy - Epilepsia

22
Q

An individual’s manner of walking.

A

Gait - Forma de caminar

23
Q

A massive tumor in the brain or spinal cord that starts in the supportive cells called glial cells.

A

Glioblastoma - Glioblastoma

24
Q

Another word for hemiparesis, this is paralysis on one side of the body.

A

Hemiplegia - Hemiplejia

25
Q

The buildup of fluid in the brain, which leads to enlargement of the head and may cause brain damage.

A

Hydrocephalus - Hidrocefalia

26
Q

A surgical procedure to remove spinal fluid using a hollow needle. Also known as lumbar tap.

A

Lumbar puncture - Punción lumbar

27
Q

Inflammation of the meninges, which is a collection of membranes surrounding the spinal cord and brain.

A

Meningitis - Meningitis

28
Q

A long-term, progressive disease characterized by damage to the sheaths that surround the nerves in the spinal column and brain.

A

Multiple sclerosis - Esclerosis múltiple

29
Q

The insulating sheath that surrounds nerve fibers. It regulates the speed of electrical impulses between neurons.

A

Myelin - Mielina

30
Q

A type of nerve cell that gets and sends electrical impulses from all over the body.

A

Neuron - Neurona

31
Q

Complete or partial paralysis of the lower half of the body.

A

Paraplegia - Paraplejia

32
Q

A long-term progressive disease caused by decreased dopamine production and leading to symptoms of tremor, rigidity, impaired balance, shuffling gait, and slow movements.

A

Parkinson’s disease - Enfermedad de Parkinson

33
Q

The network of nerves that branch out of central nervous system to the rest the body.

A

Peripheral nervous system - Sistema nervioso periférico

34
Q

An irrational fear of something.

A

Phobia - Fobia

35
Q

PTSD is a mental condition that develops after a person experiences or witnesses a terrifying or dangerous event.

A

Posttraumatic stress disorder - Trastrono de estrés postraumático

36
Q

Something that originates within the mind, rather than a physical cause.

A

Psychogenic - Psicogénico

37
Q

A general term to describe a mental disorder or illness.

A

Psychopathy - Psicopatía

38
Q

A mental disease characterized by detachment from reality, with complete impairment of thoughts and emotions.

A

Psychosis - Psicosis

39
Q

A physical condition or other type of illness that is caused or aggravated by a mental component like stress or internal conflict.

A

Psychosomatic - Psicosomático

40
Q

Complete paralysis of all four extremities.

A

Quadriplegia - Cuadriplejía

41
Q

A severe chronic mental illness that affects the ability to break down thoughts, emotions, and behaviors, which leads to distorted perceptions, inappropriate behaviors, and feelings of having a fragmented mind.

A

Schizophrenia - Esquizofrenia

42
Q

Severe pain that radiates from the lower back all the way down the leg, caused by compression of the spinal nerve root in the lower back.

A

Sciatica - Ciática

43
Q

A sudden burst of electrical activity in the brain, which may lead to convulsions or decreased mental clarity.

A

Seizure - Convulsión

44
Q

This is often referred to as the “happy hormone,” it acts like a neurotransmitter and assists with nerve impulses; it plays a key role in mood, digestion, sleep, and pain perception.

A

Serotonin - Serotonina

45
Q

A viral infection caused by the chickenpox virus. It leads to inflammation of the nerve ganglia and presents as a red painful rash.

A

Shingles - Herpes zoster

46
Q

A connecting device that allows blood or fluid to flow from one location to another.

A

Shunt - Derivación

47
Q

The cylinder-shaped tube or column made up of nerve tissue. It connects to the brain and allows the passage of nerve fibers.

A

Spinal - Médula espinal

48
Q

Damage to brain tissue due to a sever blockage of blood supply or the rupture of a blood vessel within the brain.

A

Stroke - Ataque cerebral

49
Q

The leakage of blood into the space between two membranes in the brain, which is usually caused by a rupture of an aneurysm.

A

Subarachnoid hemorrhage - Hemorragia subaracnoidea

50
Q

An involuntary shaking or vibratory movement that happens in the hands, arms, legs, and feet.

A

Tremor - Temblor

Cloudbreak (17 decks)

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