Muscular System

Question 1

prefixes of the muscular system?

Answer 1

Myo, Mys, Sarco

Question 2

how many muscles are in the human body?

Answer 2

600

Question 3

the 4 functions of the muscular system are?

Answer 3

1) to contract to cause movement
2) to stabilize the joints
3) to maintain body posture
4) generate heat vital for normal body temperature

Question 4

characteristics of skeletal muscle are?

Answer 4

1) found attached to bones
2) long cylindrical multinucleate cells
3) very striated
4) voluntary

Question 5

characteristics of smooth muscle are?

Answer 5

1) found lining the internal organs
2) spindle shaped uninucleate cells
3) no striations
4) involuntary

Question 6

characteristics of cardiac muscles are?

Answer 6

1) found in the walls of the heart
2) a branching network on uninucleate cells
3) slightly striated
4) involuntary

Question 7

muscles contain long ribbon like organelles called?

Answer 7

myofibrils

Question 8

myofibrils contain what?

Answer 8

alternating bands of light (I) and dark (A) bands

Question 9

myofibrils are made up of what?

Answer 9

sarcomeres->which are made up of myofilaments-> (thick filaments-myosin-dark(A)) + (thin filaments-Aetin-light(I))

Question 10

what gives muscle its striated appearance?

Answer 10

the arrangement of myofilaments inside the myofibrils

Question 11

what is muscle tone?

Answer 11

A state of partial contraction of skeletal muscles (involuntary)

Question 12

effects of aerobic exercise?

Answer 12

stronger, more flexible muscles with greater resistance to fatigue

Question 13

effects of resistance or isometric exercise?

Answer 13

forcing the muscle to contract with as much force as possible. increases the size and definition of muscle

Question 14

bringing the distance of two bones closer together (bending)?

Answer 14

flexion

Question 15

Increasing the distance between two bones (straightening)?

Answer 15

Extension

Question 16

the movement of a cone along its longitudinal axis?

Answer 16

Rotation

Question 17

moving a limb AWAY from the midline of the body

Answer 17

abduction (abs bend back away from the midline)

Question 18

moving a limb TWARD the midline

Answer 18

adduction (adds to mass at the midline)

Question 19

moving the superior part of the foot toward the shin

Answer 19

Dorsiflexion

Question 20

depressing the foot (standing on your toes)

Answer 20

Plantar flexion

Question 21

rotation of the forearm laterally so the palms face anteriorly

Answer 21

supination

Question 22

rotation of the forearm medially so that the palms face medially

Answer 22

pronation

Question 23

antagonist muscles?

Answer 23

oppose each other

Question 24

what are muscles that work together called?

Answer 24

synergists

Question 25

criteria for naming muscles? (7 of them)

Answer 25

1) division of muscle fibers 2) relative size of the muscle 3) location of the muscle 4) number of origins 5) location of the muscle's origin and insertion 6) shape of the muscle 7) action of the muscle

Question 26

frontalis

Answer 26

forehead muscle

Question 27

orbicularis oculi

Answer 27

muscle around the eye

Question 28

orbicularis oris

Answer 28

muscle around the mouth (kissing muscle)

Question 29

temporalis

Answer 29

muscles around the temples

Question 30

zygomaticus

Answer 30

run from the jaw to the cheek bones (smiling muscles)

Question 31

sternocleidomastoid

Answer 31

two paired muscles running along the neck

Question 32

platysma

Answer 32

muscles along the anterolateral neck

Question 33

Pectoralis major

Answer 33

large fan shaped muscle covering the upper chest

Question 34

rectus abdominis

Answer 34

longitudinal muscles running from the pubis to the rib cage. most superficial.

Question 35

external oblique

Answer 35

muscles along the lateral abdominal wall (sides)

Question 36

biceps brachii

Answer 36

upper arm muscle around the humorous. flexor

Question 37

deltoid

Answer 37

muscle forming the curve of the shoulder

Question 38

Iliopsoas

Answer 38

hip flexor

Question 39

adductor muscle

Answer 39

muscle making up the medial area of the thigh

Question 40

sartorious

Answer 40

thin, strap-like, most superficial thigh muscle

Question 41

Quadriceps group

Answer 41

the major anterior thigh muscles.

Question 42

the quadriceps are made up of?

Answer 42

rectus femurus, vastus laterails, vastus mediallis

Question 43

tibialis anterior

Answer 43

the muscle around the tibia of the lower leg

Question 44

fibularis longus

Answer 44

muscle along the lateral lower leg

Question 45

trapezius

Answer 45

a kite shaped muscle covering the posterior neck and trunk

Question 46

deltoid

Answer 46

curve of the shoulder

Question 47

latissmus dorsi

Answer 47

large flat extensive muscle covering the low back

Question 48

triceps brachii

Answer 48

posterior upper arm muscle (extensor)

Question 49

gluteus maximus

Answer 49

buttocks

Question 50

hamstrings group

Answer 50

major posterior thigh muscles

Question 51

the hamstrings consist of?

Answer 51

biceps femouris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus

Question 52

gastrocnemius

Answer 52

baby cow muscle. inserts into the Achilles tendon and helps to lift the heel. (toe dancers muscle)