Muscular System Pt. 9 - Muscles of the Pelvis & Thigh

Question 1

Which muscle combines with the Psoas Major?

Answer 1

Iliacus - Iliopsoas

Question 2

Origin of Psoas Major

Answer 2

• Transverse processes of Lumbar Vertebrae
• Bodies of lumbar vertebrae

Question 3

Insertion of Psoas Major

Answer 3

Lesser trochanter of femur

Question 4

Actions of Psoas Major

Answer 4

• Hip (thigh) Flexion
• Lateral flexion of thigh

Hip flexion - lifting lower leg up in front of you

Question 5

Origin of Iliacus

Answer 5

Iliac crest & Sacrum

Question 6

Insertion of Iliacus

Answer 6

Lesser trochanter of femus

Question 7

Actions of Iliacus

Answer 7

• Hip (Thigh) Flexion
• Lateral rotation of thigh

Same as psoas; hence why linked together

Question 8

Origin of Tensor Fascia Lata (TFL)

Answer 8

Iliac Crest

Question 9

Insertion of Tensor Fascia Lata

Answer 9

Into the Tibia via the iliotibial tract

Question 10

Actions of Tensor Fascia Lata (TFL)

Answer 10

Hip abduction
Hip flexion

Question 11

Origin of Gluteus Maximus

Answer 11

Sacrum, Coccyx and Iliac Crest

Most superficial of the lower limb muscles - more lateral and posterior

Question 12

Insertion of Gluteus Maximus

Answer 12

Iliotibial Tract

Question 13

Actions of Gluteus Maximus

Answer 13

• Hip extension
• Lateral rotation of hip

Extension of hip - lifting lower limb backwards

Question 14

Where are Gluteal Medius & Minimus located with respect to the lower limb muscles?

Answer 14

More medial and anterior

Question 15

Which gluteal muscles have a common origin, insertion and actions

Answer 15

Gluteal Medius and Minimus

Question 16

Origin of Gluteal Medius and Minimus

Answer 16

Ilium

Medius is superficial to minimus

Question 17

Insertion of Gluteal Medius and Minimus

Answer 17

Greater trochanter of femur

Question 18

Actions of Gluteal Medius and Minimus

Answer 18

• Abduction of thigh
• Medial rotation of thigh

lower limb out to the side - abduction of thigh

Question 19

What is the inguinal ligament?

Answer 19

Connective tissue attaching from ASIS to pubic bone

Question 20

Origin of Sartorius

Answer 20

Anterior superior iliac spine

Muscle is connected to the hip joint and crosses the knee joint

Question 21

Insertion of Sartorius

Answer 21

Medial surface of tibia

Question 22

Actions of Sartorius

Answer 22

• Flexion of Thigh
• Lateral rotation of thigh
• Abduction of thigh
• Knee flexion

Knee flexion is possible because the muscle crosses the knee joint

Question 23

What does Quadriceps Femoris mean?

Answer 23

4 muscles of the quad make up the femur

Question 24

What are the muscles that make up the Quadriceps Femoris Group

Answer 24

Rectus Femoris (RF), Vastus Medialis (VM), Vastus Lateralis (VL) & Vastus intermedius (VI)

Question 25

Origin of Rectus Femoris

Answer 25

Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS)

Question 26

Insertion of Rectus Femoris

Answer 26

* Patella * Tibial tuberosity through the patellar ligament

Question 27

Actions of Rectus Femoris

Answer 27

Knee extension and Hip flexion ## Footnote Hip flexion is specific to Rectus Femoris because the muscle crosses the hip

Question 28

Origin of Vastus Medialis (VM)

Answer 28

Linea aspera of femur

Question 29

Insertion of Vastus Medialis (VM)

Answer 29

* Patella * Tibial Tuberosity via patellar ligament ## Footnote Patellar ligament is the bone to bone connection of the knee and femur

Question 30

Actions of Vastus Medialis

Answer 30

Knee Extension

Question 31

Origin of Vastus Lateralis (VL)

Answer 31

Lateral aspect of femur

Question 32

Insertion of Vastus Lateralis (VL)

Answer 32

Patella and Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Question 33

Actions of Vastus Lateralis

Answer 33

Knee Extension

Question 34

Origin of Vastus Intermedius (VI)

Answer 34

Anterior surface of femur

Question 35

Insertion of Vastus Intermedius

Answer 35

Patella and Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Question 36

Actions of Vastus Intermedius

Answer 36

Knee extension

Question 37

What is the linea aspera

Answer 37

Medial-posterior region of the femur ## Footnote A lot of quadricep and low limb muscles insert onto it

Question 38

What are the adductor muscles of the hip and thigh? What is their purpose

Answer 38

Purpose: Allow adduction to occur * Gracilis * Pectineus * Adductor brevis

Question 39

Where can you find the adductor muscles?

Answer 39

Medial to the femur & around the pelvic bone to femur region

Question 40

Origin of Gracilis, Pectineus & Adductor Brevis

Answer 40

Pubis

Question 41

Origin of Adductor Longus

Answer 41

Pubic Crest and Pubic Symphysis

Question 42

Origin of Adductor Magnus

Answer 42

Inferior ramus of pubis, ischial tuberosity, ischium

Question 43

Insertions of Gracilis

Answer 43

Medial Surface of tibia

Question 44

Insertion of Pectineus

Answer 44

Pectineal Line (spiral line) of femur

Question 45

Insertion of Adductor Longus

Answer 45

Linea aspera of femur

Question 46

Insertion of Adductor Brevis

Answer 46

Linea Aspera of femur

Question 47

Insertion of Adductor Magnus

Answer 47

Linea Aspera of femur

Question 48

Actions of all 5 adductor muscles

Answer 48

Hip adduction & Flexion of thigh

Question 49

Which Adductor muscles have a unique action and what are they?

Answer 49

Adductor Magnus and Gracilis * AM - Hip extension * Gracilis - knee flexion

Question 50

How many muscles make up the hamstrings and where are they facing

Answer 50

3 muscles; posterior region of thigh

Question 51

What are the hamstring muscles named?

Answer 51

Biceps Femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus ## Footnote BF is more lateral; semitendinosus is more skinnier and longer than semimembranosus

Question 52

Origin of the three hamstring muscles

Answer 52

Ischial tuberosity & Linea aspera of femur (Short Head BF) ## Footnote Only the long head of the BF (not short head) because it crosses the hip joint

Question 53

Origin of Bicep Femoris (Short head)

Answer 53

Linea aspera of femur

Question 54

Insertion of Semimembranosus

Answer 54

Medial side of tibia

Question 55

Insertion of Semitendinosus

Answer 55

Medial side of tibia

Question 56

Insertion of Bicep Femoris

Answer 56

* Head of fibula; Lateral condyle of tibia

Question 57

Actions of Semimembranosus

Answer 57

Hip extension & Knee Flexion

Question 58

Actions of Semitendinosus

Answer 58

Hip extension & Knee flexion

Question 59

Actions of Long head of Bicep Femoris

Answer 59

Hip extension

Question 60

Actions of Short head of Bicep Femoris

Answer 60

Knee flexion