Nervous System Pt. 5 - Spinal Nerves & Cranial Nerves

Question 1

Spinal nerves separate into two nerve parts. What are they called and what are they known for carrying?

Answer 1

Spinal nerves split into a posterior and anterior rami; carries both sensory and motor neurons

Question 2

What are spinal nerve plexi?

Answer 2

Network of nerves working together to innervate an area

Question 3

What are the anterior rami known to specifically do?

Answer 3

Group together to form a plexus

The plexus consists of the main four: Cervical, Brachial, Lumbar and Sacral

Question 4

What do the posterior rami innervate?

Answer 4

Innervates things posterior to vertebral column

Question 5

Where is the cervical plexus getting contributions from?

Answer 5

Anterior rami of C1-C4 (little bit of C5…)

Question 6

What is the cervical plexus known to innervate?

Answer 6

Skin and skeletal muscle of areas around the neck & upper shoulders & chest

Question 7

The Phrenic nerve is a unique nerve apart of the cervical plexus. What is it known for innervating? Which anterior rami contribute to the innervation of the phrenic nerve?

Answer 7

It innervates the diaphragm and it’s specifically anterior rami C3,4, & 5

Goes through the thorax

♪ “C3,4,5 keeps the diaphragm alive” ♪

Question 8

What is the brachial plexus? Where does it typically go & innervate

Answer 8

Brachial plexus is a plexus that goes to the upper limb and thorax

Question 9

Which anterior rami are responsible for innervation of the brachial plexus

Answer 9

C5,C6,C7,C8 and T1

C8 is due to the nerves starting above C1 (the vertebrae) so C8 is a nerve between C7 and T1 vertebrae

Question 10

What is a noteable component that distinguishes the Brachial Plexus?

Answer 10

M-shape which contains Musculotaneous nerve, Median Nerve, and Ulnar Nerve

Each nerve branch innervates specific muscles

Question 11

What does the Musculotaneous Nerve innervate?

Answer 11

It runs along the anterior arm & innervates anterior arm muscles (biceps, brachialis, etc)

Question 12

Where does the Median Nerve run down and what group of muscles does it innervate?

Answer 12

Runs down the anterior of the arm and forearm & innervates anterior forearm muscles

Wrist and forearm flexion

Question 13

Where does the Ulnar nerve run through and what group of muscles does it innervate?

Answer 13

Fairly medial; runs down posterior of elbow joint at the divot medial to olecranon process. Innervates intrinsic muscles of the hand

Question 14

What is the radial nerve? Where does it run down and what group of muscles does it innervate?

Answer 14

Found behind the M shaped nerves; runs along the posterior of the arm
* Innervates posterior arm and forearm muscles

Question 15

What’s common about the Lumbar and Sacral Plexus?

Answer 15

Both have a crossover because L4 anterior rami contributes to both

Both innervate lower limbs

Question 16

What part of the lower limb does the lumbar plexus innervate?

Answer 16

Anterior and Medial aspects

Question 17

What part of the lower limb does the sacral plexus innervate?

Answer 17

Posterior aspects

Question 18

Which rami make up the Lumbar plexus?

Answer 18

L1-L4
* L5 is apart of the sacral plexus

Question 19

What is the femoral nerve? What does it innervate?

Answer 19

Anterior rami that is responsible for innervating the anterior thigh (Quadricep muscles)

Question 20

What is the obturator nerve? What does it run to and innervate?

Answer 20

Apart of the Lumbar plexus, it runs to the medial thigh and innervates the adductor muscles

Question 21

Which rami do the sacral plexus get contributions from?

Answer 21

L4-S4

Question 22

Where group of muscles does the sacral plexus typically innervate?

Answer 22

Innervates the posterior of the lower limb muscles (glutes, hamstrings, etc)

Question 23

What is the biggest nerve in your body?

Answer 23

Sciatic nerve; average size is the width of two fingers

Question 24

Where does the sciatic nerve run?

Answer 24

Runs down and posterior to the thigh and leg

Question 25

What are the cranial nerves?

Answer 25

Cranial nerves come directly off the brain; they are paired

Question 26

How many cranial nerves are there and what are their names

Answer 26

12 Cranial Nerves

1. Olfactory
2. Optic
3. Oculomotor
4. Trochlear
5. Trigminal
6. Abducens
7. Facial
8. Vestibulocochlear
9. Glossopharyngeal
10. Vagus
11. (spinal) Accessory
12. Hypoglossal

Either have sensory,motor or both for functions

Question 27

Cranial Nerve name mnemonic

Answer 27

Oh,Oh,Oh, They Traveled And Found Voldemort Guarding Very Secret Horcruxes

Question 28

Cranial Nerve Function Mnemonic

Answer 28

Some Say Marry Money, But My Brother Says Big Brains Mean More

Question 29

Which Cranial nerves are involved in sensory function?

Answer 29

Olfactory (I) , Optic (II), Vestibulocochlear (VIII)

Question 30

Which Cranial Nerves are involved in Motor Function

Answer 30

Oculomotor (III), Trochlear (IV), Abducens (VI), Spinal Accessory (Xi), Hypoglossal (XII)

Question 31

Which cranial nerve is involved in both sensory and motor

Answer 31

Trigeminal, Facial, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus