Musculoskeletal

Question 1

Aging adult changes

Answer 1

Bone reabsorption;rapid
Postural changes:height shortens
SubQ fat changes: loss of fat
Loss in muscle mass
Impact of sedentary life

Question 2

Osteoporosis

Answer 2

Decrease in skeletal bone mass leading to low bone marrow. Increase RF for fractures especially hip, wrist, and vertebrae

Question 3

Rotator cuff injury

Answer 3

Limited position and abduction of arm. Occurs from traumatic addiction. Can be from lifting or throwing

Question 4

Gout

Answer 4

Painful inflammatory arthritis characterized by excessive Uris acids in blood and deposits crystals in the joint space. Triggered by surgery, trauma, diuretics, etoh intake

Question 5

Degenerative joint diease

Question 6

Capillary refill-how to assess, why to assess, normal/abnormal findings

Answer 6

How-hold finger tip down(index or middle) for at least 5 seconds to blanch and then release. Why-indicates the status of peripheral circulation
Normal- immediately returns to color
Abnormal- blue nail beds, sluggish color return >3 seconds to return

Question 7

ROM and techniques for testing, grading

Answer 7

ROM-ask for active voluntary rom while modeling yourself
Techniques-ask pt to flex and hold as i apply opposing force
0-no contraction
1-slight contraction
2-full ROM with gravity eliminated
3-full rom with gravity
4-full rom with gravity
5-full rom against gravity-some resistance

Question 8

Muscle movements

Answer 8

Inversion, eversion, supination, pronation, circumlocution, flexion, extension

Question 9

Musculoskeletal abnormalities

Answer 9

Rheumatoid arthritis-chronic inflammation and pain
Ankylosing Spondylitis- chronic inflamed vertebrae