Musculoskeletal Assessments Flashcards
(139 cards)
1
Q
Pain scales
A
Thermometer Pain Rating Scale
Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
Numerical Pain Scale
McGill Pain Questionnaire (Ma’am Elaine Fav)
2
Q
Verbal Descriptor Grading
A
0 - no pain
1 - slight pain
2- mild pain
3 - moderate pain
4 - severe pain
5 - extreme pain
6 - worst pain
3
Q
Pain patterns for vascular
A
Throbbing
Pounding
Pulsing
Beating
4
Q
Neurogenic pain patterns
A
Sharp
Crushing
Pinching
Itchy
Stinging
Shooting
Electrical
5
Q
Musculoskeletal pain patterns
A
Aching
Sore
Deep
Cramping
Dull
6
Q
Mnemonics for pain assessment
A
PQRST
SOCRATES
7
Q
PQRST
A
Provoking factors
Quality of Pain
Region and radiation
Severity or associated symptoms
Temporal factors
8
Q
SOCRATES
A
Site
Onset
Character
Radiation
Associations
Time course
Severity
9
Q
Chronic Pain assessment tool
A
Waddell’s Nonorganic Signs and Behavioral Symptoms
10
Q
Signs of Tenderness test
A
superficial
nonanatomic (deep)
11
Q
Signs of simulation tests
A
Axial loading
Acetabular rotation
12
Q
light vertical loading over the pt’s skull reproduces pain on the lumbar region instead of the cervical region
A
axial loading
13
Q
lumbosacral pain from upper trunk rotation, back pain reported when the pelvis and shoulders are passively rotated in the same plane as the pt stands.
A
acetabular rotation
14
Q
Signs of Distraction Tests
A
SLR
Double leg raise
15
Q
when there is same results in SLR in supine and sitting there is a presence of a/an
A
organic pathology
16
Q
in what position should SLR be worse/better
A
Worse in supine
Better in sitting
17
Q
organic response after SLR
A
greater degree of double leg raising
18
Q
Signs of regional disturbances
A
weakness
sensory disturbances
19
Q
cogwheeling or giving away of many muscle groups that cannot be explained on neurological basis
A
weakness
20
Q
diminished sensation fitting a “stocking” rather than a dermatomal pattern
A
sensory disturbance
21
Q
overreaction behaviors during an examination
A
guarding
bracing
rubbing
sighing
clenching of teeth
grimacing
22
Q
what are trigger points and in what condition is it present?
A
pain c deep pressure and often radiates locally
found in myofascial pain syndrome
23
Q
what are tender points and in what condition is it found
A
pain c light touch and does not radiate
found in fibromyalgia syndrome
24
Q
structures affected in fibromyalgia syndrome
A
cutaneous
subcutaneous
ligaments
tendon
25
What are the systemic issues in fibromyalgia syndrome?
sleep
emotional issues
fatigue/tiredness
26
Common sites for digital palpation c approximation
low cervical
2nd rib
lat epicondyle
occipital
trapezius
supraspinatus
gluteal
GT
27
where can multiple points for fibromyalgia syndrome be found?
Greater Trochanter
28
components of measuring range of motion
PROM
AROM
normal range
end feel
29
conditions where an abnormal soft end feel is found
soft tissue edema
synovitis
30
conditions where abnormal firm end-feel is found
increased muscular tonus
capsular, muscular, ligamentous shortening
31
conditions where abnormal hard end-fee is found
chondromalacia
OA
loose bodies in jts
Myositis ossificans
Fracture
32
conditions where empty end feels are found
acute jt inflammation
bursitis
abscess
fracture
psychogenic disorder
33
hard capsular end feel is found when the pt has
frozen shoulder/adhesive capsulitis
34
spastic end feel is found when the pt has
UMN lesion
35
soft capsular end feel is found when the pt has
synovitis or soft tissue edema
36
bone to bone abnormal end feel is found when the pt has
acute subacromial bursitis
37
a springy block end feel is found when the pt has
meniscus tear
38
a mushy tissue stretch is found when the pt has
tight muscle
39
a late muscle spasm end feel is found when the pt has
spasm due to instability or pain
40
Accessory jt motion grade 0
ankylosed
joint mob is not indicated; surgery should be considered
41
Accessory jt motion grade 1
considerable hypomobility
42
Accessory jt motion grade 2
slight hypomobility
43
implications of treatment for accessory jt motion grades 1 and 2
grade 3 and 4 joint mobilization for mobility
44
implications of treatment for accessory jt motion grade 3
no jt mob needed
45
implications of treatment for accessory jt grade 4 and 5
jt mob grades 3 and 4 are joint mob are contraindicated
46
accessory jt motion grade 3
normal
47
accessory jt motion grade 4
slight hypermobility
48
accessory jt motion grade 5
considerable hypermobility
49
accessory jt motion grade 6
unstable
50
strong and painless isometric testing
no lesion
51
strong and painful isometric testing
minor lesion in ms or tendon
52
weak and painless isometric testing
disorder of nervous system or neuromuscular junction
disuse atrophy or complete rupture
53
weak and painful isometric testing
neoplasm or fx
54
the only reliable and valid assessment tool for shoulder
Shoulder Pain and Disability (SPADI)
55
ad cap stage 1
first 3 mos
painful shoulder movement, minimal restriction in motion
56
ad cap stage 2
3-9 mos
painful shoulder movement, progressive loss in GH joint motion
57
ad cap stage 3
9-15 mos
reduced pain c shoulder movement, severely restricted GH jt motion
57
ad cap stage 4
15-24 mos
minimal pain, progressive normalization of GH jt motion
58
minimum detectable change in SPADI
13 pts (90% confidence)
59
MMT grade 5
Normal
Full ROM against gravity
Max resistance
60
MMT grade 4+
Good plus
Full ROM against gravity
Near max resistance
61
MMT grade 4
Good
Full ROM against gravity
Moderate resistance
62
MMT grade 4-
Good minus
Full ROM against gravity
Near mod resistance
63
MMT grade 3+
Fair plus
Full ROM against gravity
Slight resistance
64
MMT grade 3
Fair
Full ROM against gravity
No resistance
64
MMT grade 3-
Fair minus
At least 50% ROM against gravity
no resistance
65
MMT grade 2+
Poor plus
Full ROM, no gravity
slight resistance
66
MMT grade 2
Poor
Full ROM, no gravity
no resistance
67
MMT grade 2-
Poor minus
At least 50% ROM, no gravity
no resistance
68
MMT grade 1+
Trace +
Minimal observable motion (< 50% ROM)
no resistance
69
MMT grade 1
Trace
No observable motion but has ms contraction
70
MMT grade 0
Zero
No muscle contraction
71
Gold standard assessment tool for neck problems
Neck Disability Index
72
Assessment tool for LBP
Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability (Oswestry Disability Index)
73
Spondylolisthesis slip grade 1
<25%
74
Spondylolisthesis slip grade 2
25-49%
75
Spondylolisthesis slip grade 3
50-74%
76
Spondylolisthesis slip grade 4
75-99%
77
Spondylolisthesis slip grade 5
>/= 100% (spondyloptosis)
78
can be used to evaluate the functional impairment with a disorder of one or both LE
Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS)
79
Max score for LEFS
80
80
What does a lower score in LEFS mean?
greater disability
81
Minimal detectable change in LEFS
9 points
82
0-20% score on Oswestry Disability Index
Minimal disability
83
21-40% score on Oswestry Disability Index
Moderate disability
84
41-60% score on Oswestry Disability Index
severe disability
85
61-80% score on Oswestry Disability Index
crippled
86
81-100%
bed bound or exaggerating
87
Max score in Neck Disability Index
50
88
Ankle sprain grade 1
Loc: AntaFi lig
Edema & Ecchy: Slight & Local
WB: Full or partial
Stretched ligaments
No instability
89
Ankle sprain grade 2
Loc: AntaFi and CaFi ligs
Edema & Ecchy: Moderate & Local
WB: difficult s crutches
Partial ligamentous tear
No or slight instability
90
Ankle sprain grade 3
Loc: AntaFi, PotaFi, CaFi ligs
Edema & Ecchy: Significant & Diffuse
WB: Impossible s significant pain
Complete ligamentous tear
Definite instability
91
Ligamentous instability grade 1
0-5 mm
92
Ligamentous instability grade 2
6-10 mm
93
Ligamentous instability grade 3
11-15 mm
94
Ligamentous instability grade 4
> 15 mm
95
Ligamentous injury grade 1
tenderness to palpation s jt laxity
96
Ligamentous injury grade 2
tenderness to palpation c jt laxity but a good endpoint
97
Ligamentous injury grade 3
tenderness to palpation c significant jt laxity and no endpoint
98
Female Athlete Triad
Inadequate eating
Menstrual abnormalities
Skeletal demineralization
99
Two components of the "Quick Dash" assessment tool
disability/symptoms portion (30 items, scored 1-5)
optional high-performance sport/music or work potion (4 items, scored 1-5)
100
how many items must be answered to calculate for DASH score?
27 out of 30
101
horizontal maxillary fracture, separating the teeth from the upper face
Le Fort I
102
pyramidal fracture, with the teeth at the pyramid base, and nasofrontal suture at its apex
Le Fort II
103
craniofacial disjunction
Le Fort III
104
Salter-Harris type 1
straight horizontal fx (S - straight)
105
Salter-Harris type 2
(A) above
106
Salter-Harris type 3
(L) lower or below
107
Salter-Harris type 4
(T) through or two
108
Salter-Harris type 5
(ER) erasure of growth
109
amputation of the whole shoulder complex
forequarter
110
removal of the humerus
shoulder disarticulation
111
horizontal amputation of the humerus
transhumeral
112
horizontal amputation slightly above the humerus
elbow disarticulation
113
horizontal amputation in the forearm
transradial
114
horizontal amputation of the wrist
wrist disarticulation
115
horizontal amputation of the carpal bones
transcarpal
116
horizontal amputation in the metacarpal area
transmetacarpal
117
horizontal amputation of the phalangeal area
transphalangeal
118
ankle disarticulation with the attachment of the heel pad to the distal end of tibia
syme's amputation
119
horizontal amputation of the calcaneus
boyd's
120
vertical amputation of the heel/calcaneus
pirigo
121
partial tarsal amputation through the midtarsal jts
chopart
122
complete metatarsal amputation
Lisfranc's amputation
123
partial metatarsal amputation through metatarsal bones
transmetatarsal
124
T score for normal bone mineral density -1
-1.0 or above
125
T score for pts c osteopenia
-1.0-(-2.5)
126
T score for pts c osteoporosis
-2.5 or less
127
T score for pts c severe osteoporosis
-2.5 or less
128
RA class 1
able to perform usual ADLs
129
RA class 2
able to perform self-care and vocational activities, but limited in avocational activities
130
RA class 3
able to perform self-care activities, but limited in vocational and avocational activities
131
RA class 4
limited in performing self-care, vocational, and avocational activities
132
OA grade 0
no radiographic findings of OA
133
OA grade 2
definite osteophytes c unimpaired jt space
133
OA grade 1
minute osteophytes of doubtful clinical significance
134
OA grade 3
definite osteophytes c moderate jt space narrowing
135
OA grade 4
definite osteophytes c severe jt space narrowing and subchondral sclerosis
136
Used to assess back pain, RA, SLE, and fibromyalgia
Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC)
