Musculoskeletal System Part 1

Question 1

Articular structures

Answer 1

include joint capsule and articular cartilage,
synovium and synovial fluid, intra-articular ligaments, and juxta
articular bone

Question 2

extra-articular structures

Answer 2

include periarticular ligaments,
tendons, bursae, muscle, fascia, bone, nerve, and overlying skin

Question 3

ligaments

Answer 3

ropelike bundles of collagen fibrils that connect
bone to bone

Question 4

tendons

Answer 4

collagen fibers connecting muscle to bone

Question 5

collagen

Answer 5

collagen matrix overlying bony surfaces

Question 6

bursae

Answer 6

pouches of synovial fluid that cushion the movement
of tendons and muscles over bone or other joint structures

Question 7

3 types of joints

Answer 7

Synovial—freely movable
*Cartilaginous—Synovial
*Fibrous—immovable (eg skull)

Question 8

Synovial

Answer 8

freely movable

Question 9

Cartilaginous

Answer 9

Synovial

Question 10

fibrous

Answer 10

immovable (eg skull)

Question 11

synovial joints

Answer 11

Joint is freely movable
* Bones are covered by articular
cartilage
* Bones are separated by
synovial cavity—(bones do not
touch)
* Synovial membrane secretes
synovial fluid that lubricates
joint movement
* Examples: shoulder, knee

Question 12

types of synovial joints

Answer 12

Examples: shoulder, knee

Question 13

synovial cavity

Answer 13

(bones do not
touch)

Question 14

Spheroidal

Answer 14

—ball and socket
* Shoulder
* Hip

Question 15

examples of a Spheroidal

Answer 15

shoulder and hip

Question 16

example of hinge

Answer 16

one plane
* Elbow
* Digits—interphalangeal joints

Question 17

example of one plane

Answer 17

elbow and digits

Question 18

what are interphalangeal joints

Answer 18

dogits

Question 19

condylar

Answer 19

Knee, TMJ—articulating surfaces are convex or concave

Question 20

another name for synovial joints

Answer 20

another name for Hinge joints—one plane

Question 21

tmj

Answer 21

is also a condylar joint because of it’s structure. It has a
rounded condyle. So in function it usually only opens and
closes (hinge joint) but it can go side to side because the
structure is condylar.

Question 22

Cartilaginous Joints

Answer 22

Joint is slightly movable
* Bones separated by
fibrocartilaginous discs
* Discs contain nucleus
pulposus that cushions
bony movement
* Examples: vertebral
bodies of the spine

Question 23

Cartilaginous Joints

Answer 23

Examples: vertebral
bodies of the spine

Question 23

Fibrous Joints

Answer 23

Joints have no
appreciable movement
* Bones separated by
fibrous tissue or cartilage
* Example: sutures of
the skull

Question 23

Fibrous Joints

Answer 23

Example: sutures of the skull

Question 23

flexion & extension

Answer 23

chin to chest, look up at ceiling

Question 24

rotation

Answer 24

chin to shoulder

Question 25

lateral bending

Answer 25

bring ear to shoulder

Question 26

d/t pregnancy or weight

Answer 26

Lordosis

Question 27

d/t gaming and hunching back

Answer 27

Kyphosis

Question 28

Scoliosis

Answer 28

spine curvature

Question 29

pronation

Answer 29

palm down

Question 30

supination

Answer 30

palm up

Question 31

abduction

Answer 31

away from body

Question 32

adduction

Answer 32

closer to body

Question 33

ulnar deviation

Answer 33

pinky side

Question 33

radial deviation

Answer 33

thumb side

Question 34

pronation

Answer 34

down

Question 35

supination

Answer 35

up

Question 36

inversion

Answer 36

wrist, ankle

Question 37

eversion

Answer 37

ankle, wrist