Music Flashcards
(32 cards)
characteristics of traditional music from India
CARNATIC MUSIC
HINDUSTANI MUSIC
- refers to music from South India
- directed to a Hindu god, ehich is why it is called “temple music”
- unlike Hindustani music, Carnatic music is unified where schools are based on the same ragas, the same solo instruments (veena, flute, violin) and the same rythm instrument (mridangam and ghatam)
- music pieces are mainly set for the voice and with lyrics
- compositions called krti are devotional songs
CARNATIC MUSIC
- goes back to Vedic period times around 1000 BC
- further developed in the 13th and 14th centuries AD with Persian influences and from existing religious and folk music
- predominantly found in the northern and central regions
- influenced by ancient Hindu musical traditions, historical Vedic religion/ Vedic philosophy, native Indian sounds and enriched by the Persian performance practices of the Munghal era
- nasal singing is observed in their vocal music
- in North India, the most common style of singing is called khyal, a wkrd which means “imagination”
HINDUSTANI MUSIC
classification of musical instruments from India
- GHAN
- AVANADDH
- SUSHIR
- TAT
- VITAT
described as a non-membranous percussive instrument but with solid resonators. it is one of the oldest classes of instrument in India. it may also be a melodic instrument or instruments to keep tal.
GHAN
ghan instruments
- GHATAM
- KARTA
- MANJIRA
- NOUT
described as a membranous percussive instrument. this class of instruments typically comprise the drums
AVANADDH
avanaddh instruments
- DAF (DUF, DAPHU)
- DHOL
- TABLA
also known as “blown air”. it is characterized by the use of air to excite the various resonators
SUSHIR
sushir instruments
- SHANKH
- BANSURI
- SURPETI
- SHEHNAI
referred to as vina during during the old civilization. instruments in this class are plucked (stringed instruments)
TAT
tat instruments
- SITAR
- GOTUVADYAM
- EKTAR
- GOPICHAND
- RABAB
described as bowed stringed instruments. this is one of the oldest classifications of instruments and yet did not occupy a plave in classical Indian music until the last few centuries
VITAT
vitat instruments
-BANAM
-ESRAJ
CHIKARA
-SARANGI
- is a regular, repeating rythmic phrase, particularly as rendered on a percussive instrument with an ebb and flow of various intonations represented as a “theka”
- is the common Indian system of rythm
- literally means “clap”
TALA
- a sequence of drum-syllabkes or “bol”
- in indian classical music, both Hindustani classical music and Carnatic music use complex rules to create elaborate patterns of rythm
THEKA
-most common instrument for keeping rythm in Hindustani music
TABLA
- most common instrument for keeping rythm in Carnatic music
- also transliterated as “mridang”
MRIDANGAM
vocal music of Pakistan
- GHAZAL
- QAWWALI
- traditional expressions of love, separation and loneliness. it tells about bith the pain of loss of the lover and the beauty of love in spite of that pain
- its structural requirements are more strict than those of most poetic forms traditionally written in English
- is considered by many to be one of the principal poetic forms in the Persian civilization
- can be sung by both men and women
GHAZAL
- the devotional music of tge Chishti Order
- a vibrant musical tradition that stretches back more than 700 year-originally performed mainly at Sufi shrines throughout the subcontinent and gained mainstream popularity
QAWWALI
music strengthens the importance of musical instruments in Pakistan
PUNJABI
significant instruments of Pakistan
-TABLA
-DHOLAK
-HARMONIUM
RUBAB
vocal music of Israel
- DEVOTIONAL
- SECULAR
