Mutations

Question 1

Types of mutations: Substitution

Answer 1

Substitution is a mutation that exchanges one base for another

Question 2

Types of mutations: Insertion

Answer 2

Insertions are when extra base pairs are inserted into a new place in the DNA.

Question 3

Types of mutations: Deletion

Answer 3

Deletions are mutations in which a section of DNA is deleted.

Question 4

Insertion and Deletion mutations are also known as…

Answer 4

Frameshift mutations

Question 5

Causes of Mutations (2)

Answer 5

• DNA fails to copy properly
• External influences eg; chemicals, radiation etc.

Question 6

Results of mutations: Nonsense mutation

Answer 6

Nonsense mutations change an amino-acid-coding codon to a single “stop” codon and cause an incomplete protein.

Question 7

Results of mutations: Silent mutations

Answer 7

Changes a codon to one that codes the same amino acid and causes no change in the protein produced.

Question 8

Results of mutations: Missense mutation

Answer 8

Changes a codon to one that codes a different amino acid and causes a small change in the protein produced