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agrarian

Answer 1

(ə-grâr′ē-ən) adj. 1. Relating to the cultivation of land; agricultural: an agrarian economy. 2. Relating to or concerning the land and its ownership, cultivation, and tenure: agrarian reform. n. A person who favors equitable distribution of land. [From Latin agrārius, relating to the land, from ager, agr-, field; see agro- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 2

(ko͞om) n. Chiefly British 1. also coom or coombe (ko͞om) a. A steep, deep valley, especially one running down to the sea. b. A dry, bowl-shaped valley or hollow on the side of a hill. 2. See cirque. [Middle English coumb, hollow, valley, from Old English cumb, of Celtic origin; akin to Welsh cwm, valley.]

Answer 3

(mûr) n. An aromatic gum resin obtained from several trees and shrubs of the genus Commiphora of northeastern Africa and Arabia, used in perfume, incense, and medicinal preparations.

Answer 4

(ā′pē-ə-rĭst, -ĕr′ĭst) n. One who keeps bees, specifically one who cares for and raises bees for commercial or agricultural purposes. Also called beekeeper.

Answer 5

(ĕs′pə-răn′tō, -rän′-) n. An artificial international language with a vocabulary based on word roots common to many European languages and a regularized system of inflection. [After Dr. Esperanto, "one who hopes," pseudonym of Ludwik Lejzer Zamenhof (1859-1917), Polish philologist.] Es′pe·ran′tist adj. & n.

Answer 6

(pēk) n. A state of vexation caused by a perceived slight or indignity; a feeling of wounded pride. tr. v. piqued, piqu·ing, piques 1. To cause to feel resentment or indignation. 2. To provoke; arouse: The portrait piqued her curiosity. 3. To pride (oneself): He piqued himself on his stylish attire. [French, a prick, irritation, from Old French, from piquer, to prick, from Vulgar Latin \*piccāre, ultimately of imitative origin.]

Answer 7

(pə-rē′sĭs, păr′ĭ-sĭs) n. pl. pa·re·ses (-sēz) 1. Slight or partial paralysis. 2. General paresis. [Greek, act of letting go, paralysis, from parīenai, to let fall : para-, beside; see hīenai in Indo-European roots.] pa·ret′ic (pə-rĕt′ĭk) adj. & n. pa·ret′i·cal·ly adv.

Answer 8

(ĭn-vĕs′tĭ-cho͝or′, -chər) n. 1. The act or formal ceremony of conferring the authority and symbols of a high office. 2. An adornment or cover.

Answer 9

(chär′nəl) n. A repository for the bones or bodies of the dead; a charnel house. adj. Resembling, suggesting, or suitable for receiving the dead.

Answer 10

Herbert Marshall McLuhan (1911 – 1980) was a Canadian philosopher of communication theory and a public intellectual. His work is viewed as one of the cornerstones of the study of media theory, as well as having practical applications in the advertising and television industries. He was educated at the University of Manitoba and Cambridge University and began his teaching career as a Professor of English at several universities in the U.S. and Canada, before moving to the University of Toronto where he would remain for the rest of his life. McLuhan is known for coining the expressions "the medium is the message" and "the global village," and for predicting the World Wide Web almost thirty years before it was invented. Although he was a fixture in media discourse in the late 1960s, his influence began to wane in the early 1970s. In the years after his death, he continued to be a controversial figure in academic circles. With the arrival of the internet, however, interest in his work and perspective has renewed. McLuhan was credited with coining the phrase Turn on, tune in, drop out by its popularizer, Timothy Leary, in the 1960s. In a 1988 interview with Neil Strauss, Leary stated that slogan was "given to him" by McLuhan during a lunch in New York City. Leary said McLuhan "was very much interested in ideas and marketing, and he started singing something like, 'Psychedelics hit the spot / Five hundred micrograms, that’s a lot,' to the tune of a Pepsi commercial. Then he started going, 'Tune in, turn on, and drop out.'" During his lifetime and afterward, McLuhan heavily influenced cultural critics, thinkers, and media theorists such as Neil Postman, Jean Baudrillard, Timothy Leary, Terence McKenna, William Irwin Thompson, Paul Levinson, Douglas Rushkoff, Jaron Lanier, Hugh Kenner, and John David Ebert, as well as political leaders such as Pierre Elliott Trudeau and Jerry Brown. Andy Warhol was paraphrasing McLuhan with his now famous 15 minutes of fame quote. When asked in the 70s for a way to sedate violences in Angola, he suggested a massive spread of TV devices. The character "Brian O'Blivion" in David Cronenberg's 1983 film Videodrome is a "media oracle" based on McLuhan. In 1991 McLuhan was named as the "patron saint" of Wired Magazine and a quote of his appeared on the masthead[citation needed] for the first ten years of its publication. He is mentioned by name in a Peter Gabriel-penned lyric in the song "Fly on a Windshield". This song appears on the concept album The Lamb Lies Down on Broadway, from progressive rock band Genesis. The lyric is: "Marshall McLuhan, casual viewin' head buried in the sand." McLuhan is also jokingly referred to during an episode of The Sopranos entitled "House Arrest". Despite his death in 1980, someone claiming to be McLuhan was posting on a Wired mailing list in 1996. The information this individual provided convinced one writer for Wired that "if the poster was not McLuhan himself, it was a bot programmed with an eerie command of McLuhan's life and inimitable perspective."

Answer 11

The charter that King John of England issued in 1215 at the behest of his barons, recognizing the right of persons to certain basic liberties, such as due process, later also embodied in the American Constitution: "We are heirs to a tradition given voice 800 years ago by Magna Carta, which ... confined executive power by 'the law of the land'" (David Souter).

Answer 12

(ŏs′prē, -prā) n. pl. os·preys 1. A fish-eating raptor (Pandion haliaetus) found almost worldwide, having plumage that is dark on the back and mostly white below. Also called fish hawk. 2. A plume formerly used to trim women's hats. [Middle English osprai, from Anglo-Norman ospreit, from Medieval Latin avis praedae, bird of prey : Latin avis, bird; see awi- in Indo-European roots + Latin praedae, genitive of praeda, booty, prey; see ghend- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 13

(kō′pĭng) n. The top layer or course of a masonry wall, usually having a slanting upper surface to shed water; a cope. Image: A bridge on the Lancaster Canal, featuring coping stones linked by large metal "staples".

Answer 14

(strī-ā′shən) n. 1. The state of being striated or having striae. 2. One of a number of parallel lines or scratches on the surface of a rock that were inscribed by rock fragments embedded in the base of a glacier as it moved across the rock. 3. The form taken by striae. 4. A stria.

Answer 15

tr. v. bat·ed, bat·ing, bates 1. To lessen the force or intensity of; moderate: "To his dying day he bated his breath a little when he told the story" (George Eliot). 2. To take away; subtract. intr.v. bat·ed, bat·ing, bates also bait·ed or bait·ing or baits To flap the wings wildly or frantically. Used of a falcon.

Answer 16

v. t. 1. To involve in darkness; to shroud with the shades of night; to obscure. [imp. & p. p. Benighted; p. pr. & vb. n. Benighting.] The clouds benight the sky. - Garth. 2. To overtake with night or darkness, especially before the end of a day's journey or task. Some virgin, sure, . . . benighted in these woods. - Milton. 3. To involve in moral darkness, or ignorance; to debar from intellectual light. Shall we to men benighted The lamp of life deny ? - Heber.

Answer 17

(gĭb′əs) adj. 1. a. Characterized by convexity; protuberant: a gibbous seashell. b. More than half but less than fully illuminated from the point of view of an observer. Used of phases of the moon or the planets. 2. Archaic Having a hump; humpbacked. [Middle English, bulging, from Late Latin gibbōsus, hunch-backed, from Latin gibbus, hump.] gib′bous·ly adv. gib′bous·ness n.

Answer 18

n. integrity and uprightness; honesty.

Answer 19

n. 1. A structure of open latticework, especially one used as a support for vines and other climbing plants. 2. An arbor or arch made of latticework. tr. v. trel·lised, trel·lis·ing, trel·lis·es 1. To provide (an area) with a trellis. 2. To cause or allow (a vine, for example) to grow on a trellis.

Answer 20

(pər-loin′, pûr′loin′) tr.v. pur·loined, pur·loin·ing, pur·loins To steal, especially in a stealthy way. See Synonyms at steal. [Middle English purloinen, to remove, from Anglo-Norman purloigner : pur-, away (from Latin prō-; see loign in Indo-European roots).] pur·loin′er n.

Answer 21

(ĭm-plăk′ə-bəl, -plā′kə-) adj. Impossible to placate or appease: implacable foes; implacable suspicion. im·plac′a·bil′i·ty n. im·plac′a·bly adv.

Answer 22

(kēl′sən, kĕl′-) also kel·son (kĕl′-) n. Nautical A timber or girder fastened above and parallel to the keel of a ship or boat for additional strength.

Answer 23

(kăt′n-āt′) tr.v. cat·e·nat·ed, cat·e·nat·ing, cat·e·nates To connect in a series of ties or links; form into a chain. [Latin catēnāre, catēnāt-, from catēna, chain.]

Answer 24

(ĕn-tĕl′ĭ-kē) n. pl. en·tel·e·chies 1. In the philosophy of Aristotle, the condition of a thing whose essence is fully realized; actuality. 2. In some philosophical systems, a vital force that directs an organism toward self-fulfillment. [Late Latin entelechīa, from Greek entelekheia : entelēs, complete (en-, in; see telos in Indo-European roots) + ekhein, to have; see segh- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 25

Diogenes of Sinope (/daɪˈɒdʒəˌniːz/) was a Greek philosopher and one of the founders of Cynic philosophy. Also known as Diogenes the Cynic (Ancient Greek: Διογένης ὁ Κυνικός, Diogenēs ho Kunikos), he was born in Sinope (modern-day Sinop, Turkey), an Ionian colony on the Black Sea, in 412 or 404 BC and died at Corinth in 323 BC. Diogenes of Sinope was a controversial figure. His father minted coins for a living, and when Diogenes took to debasement of currency, he was banished from Sinope. After being exiled, he moved to Athens and criticized many cultural conventions of the city. Diogenes modelled himself on the example of Heracles. He believed that virtue was better revealed in action than in theory. He used his simple lifestyle and behaviour (which arguably resembled poverty) to criticize the social values and institutions of what he saw as a corrupt or at least confused society. In a highly non-traditional fashion, he had a reputation of sleeping and eating wherever he chose and took to toughening himself against nature. He declared himself a cosmopolitan and a citizen of the world rather than claiming allegiance to just one place. There are many tales about him dogging Antisthenes' footsteps and becoming his "faithful hound". Diogenes made a virtue of poverty. He begged for a living and often slept in a large ceramic jar in the marketplace. He became notorious for his philosophical stunts such as carrying a lamp in the daytime, claiming to be looking for an honest man. He criticized and embarrassed Plato, disputed his interpretation of Socrates and sabotaged his lectures, sometimes distracting attendees by bringing food and eating during the discussions. Diogenes was also responsible for publicly mocking Alexander the Great. After being captured by pirates and sold into slavery, Diogenes eventually settled in Corinth. There he passed his philosophy of Cynicism to Crates, who taught it to Zeno of Citium, who fashioned it into the school of Stoicism, one of the most enduring schools of Greek philosophy. None of Diogenes' many writings has survived, but details of his life come in the form of anecdotes (chreia), especially from Diogenes Laërtius, in his book Lives and Opinions of Eminent Philosophers. All that is available is a number of anecdotes concerning his life and sayings attributed to him in a number of scattered classical sources.

Answer 26

n. Greek Mythology A Trojan prince, the eldest son of Priam and Hecuba, killed by Achilles in Homer's Iliad. n. A bully. v. hec·tored, hec·tor·ing, hec·tors v.tr. To intimidate or dominate in a blustering way. v.intr. To behave like a bully; swagger.

Answer 27

(pŭs′chə-lāt′, pŭs′tyə-) v. pus·tu·lat·ed, pus·tu·lat·ing, pus·tu·lates v. tr. To cause to form pustules. v. intr. To form pustules. adj. (also -lĭt) Covered with pustules.

Answer 28

(kŏg-nō′mən) n. pl. cog·no·mens or cog·nom·i·na (-nŏm′ə-nə) 1. a. A family name; a surname. b. The third and usually last name of a citizen of ancient Rome, as Caesar in Gaius Julius Caesar. 2. A name, especially a descriptive nickname or epithet acquired through usage over a period of time. [Latin cognōmen : co-, con-, co- (influenced by cognōscere, to know) + nōmen, name; see nō̆-men- in Indo-European roots.] cog·nom′i·nal (-nŏm′ə-nəl) adj.

Answer 29

adj 1. (Art Terms) having the form or appearance of a god; sacred or divine

Answer 30

dē′kən) n. 1. A cleric ranking just below a priest in the Anglican, Eastern Orthodox, and Roman Catholic churches. 2. A lay assistant to a Protestant minister. 3. Used as a title prefixed to the surname of such a person: Deacon Brown. [Middle English deken, from Old English dīacon, from Late Latin diāconus, perhaps from Greek diākonos, attendant, minister.]

Answer 31

(skŭp′ər) n. 1. Nautical An opening in the side of a ship at deck level to allow water to run off. 2. An opening for draining off water, as from a floor or the roof of a building. [Middle English scoper- (in scopernail, nail for attaching leather under a scupper to prevent dirty water from soiling the hull), probably from scopen, to scoop, from scope, a scoop; see scoop.]

Answer 32

science of the origins and social relationships of humans

Answer 33

(sĕn′tə-nəl) n. One that keeps guard; a sentry. tr. v. sen·ti·neled, sen·ti·nel·ing, sen·ti·nels or sen·ti·nelled or sen·ti·nel·ling 1. To watch over as a guard. 2. To provide with a guard. 3. To post as a guard. [French sentinelle, from Italian sentinella, probably from Old Italian sentina, vigilance, from sentire, to watch, from Latin sentīre, to feel; see sent- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 34

(mə-lĭf′lo͞o-əs) adj. Having a pleasant and fluid sound: "polite and cordial, with a mellifluous, well-educated voice" (H.W. Crocker III). [Middle English, from Late Latin mellifluus : Latin mel, mell-, honey; see melit- in Indo-European roots + Latin -fluus, flowing; see bhleu- in Indo-European roots.] mel·lif′lu·ous·ly adv. mel·lif′lu·ous·ness n.

Answer 35

(pŏt′ăsh′) n. 1. See potassium carbonate. 2. See potassium hydroxide. 3. Any of several compounds containing potassium, especially soluble compounds such as potassium oxide, potassium chloride, and various potassium sulfates, used chiefly in fertilizers. [From sing. of obsolete pot ashes, an alkaline substance obtained by leaching wood ashes and evaporating the leachate in a pot.]

Answer 36

(shăng′kər) n. 1. A dull red, hard, insensitive lesion that is the first manifestation of syphilis. 2. An ulcer located at the initial point of entry of a pathogen.

Answer 37

As far as we know, the world's first empire was formed about 2250 B.C., by Sargon the Great, in Mesopotamia. His empire included the Sumerian cities of the Tigris-Euphrates Delta. After taking control of these, Sargon went into Syria to the Taurus Mountains near Cyprus. Sargon is, less plausibly, said to have gone into Egypt, India, and Ethiopia.

Answer 38

fĕb′rəl, fē′brəl) adj. Of, relating to, or characterized by fever; feverish. [Late Latin febrīlis, from Latin febris, fever.]

Answer 39

(bīr) n. Chiefly British A barn for cows.

Answer 40

(făch′o͞o-əs) adj. Foolish or silly, especially in a smug or self-satisfied way: "an era of delicious, fatuous optimism shaped by the belief that enough good will on the part of people like ourselves could repair anything" (Shirley Abbott). See Synonyms at foolish. fat′u·ous·ly adv. fat′u·ous·ness n.

Answer 41

(sûr′tēz, sûrts) adv. Archaic Certainly; truly. [Middle English, from Old French (a) certes, perhaps from Latin ad certās or from Vulgar Latin \*certānus, both from Latin certus, certain; see certain.]

Answer 42

(är-mä′də, -mā′-) n. 1. A fleet of warships. 2. A large group of moving things: an armada of ants crossing the lawn. [Spanish, from Medieval Latin armāta; see army.]

Answer 43

n. pl. wharves (wôrvz, hwôrvz) or wharfs 1. A pier where ships or boats are tied up and loaded or unloaded. 2. Obsolete A shore or riverbank. v. wharfed, wharf·ing, wharfs v.tr. 1. To moor (a vessel) at a wharf. 2. To take to or store (cargo) on a wharf. 3. To furnish, equip, or protect with wharves or a wharf. v.intr. To berth at a wharf.

Answer 44

n. 1. a group of cats.

Answer 45

ntr. v. ef·fer·vesced, ef·fer·vesc·ing, ef·fer·vesc·es 1. To emit small bubbles of gas, as a carbonated or fermenting liquid. 2. To escape from a liquid as bubbles; bubble up. 3. To show high spirits or animation. [Latin effervēscere : ex-, up, out; see fervescere in Indo-European roots.] ef′fer·ves′cence, ef′fer·ves′cen·cy n. ef′fer·ves′cent adj. ef′fer·ves′cent·ly adv.

Answer 46

Elohim is a grammatically singular or plural noun for "god" or "gods" in both modern and ancient Hebrew language. When used with singular verbs and adjectives elohim is usually singular, "god" or especially, the God. When used with plural verbs and adjectives elohim is usually plural, "gods" or "powers". Mark S. Smith said that the notion of divinity underwent radical changes throughout the period of early Israelite identity. Smith said that the ambiguity of the term Elohim is the result of such changes, cast in terms of "vertical translatability" by Smith (2008); i.e. the re-interpretation of the gods of the earliest recalled period as the national god of the monolatrism as it emerged in the 7th to 6th century BCE in the Kingdom of Judah and during the Babylonian captivity, and further in terms of monotheism by the emergence of Rabbinical Judaism in the 2nd century CE. A different version was produced by Morton Smith. Despite the -im ending common to many plural masculine nouns in Hebrew, the word when referring to the Name of God is grammatically singular, and takes a singular verb in the Hebrew Bible. The word is identical to the usual plural of el meaning gods or magistrates, and is cognate to the 'l-h-m found in Ugaritic, where it is used for the pantheon of Canaanite gods, the children of El and conventionally vocalized as "Elohim". Most use of the term Elohim in the later Hebrew text imply a view that is at least monolatrist at the time of writing, and such usage (in the singular), as a proper title for the supreme deity, is generally not considered to be synonymous with the term elohim, "gods" (plural, simple noun). Hebrew grammar allows for this nominally-plural form to mean "He is the Power (singular) over powers (plural)", or roughly, "God of gods". Rabbinic scholar Maimonides wrote that the various other usages are commonly understood to be homonyms.

Answer 47

(nō′mən-klā′chər, nō-mĕn′klə-) n. 1. A system of names used in an art or science: the nomenclature of mineralogy. 2. The system or procedure of assigning names to groups of organisms as part of a taxonomic classification: the rules of nomenclature in botany. no′men·cla′tur·al adj.

Answer 48

(bĭ-kwĕst′) n. 1. Law The act of giving or leaving personal property by a will. 2. Something that is bequeathed; a legacy. [Middle English biquest (influenced by biquethen, to bequeath) : bi-, be- + quist, will (from Old English -cwis, as in andcwis, answer; see gwet- in Indo-European roots).]

Answer 49

(wŏn) adj. wan·ner, wan·nest 1. Unnaturally pale, as from physical or emotional distress. 2. Suggestive or indicative of weariness, illness, or unhappiness; melancholy: a wan expression. intr.v. wanned, wan·ning, wans To become pale. [Middle English, pale, gloomy, from Old English wann, gloomy, dark.] wan′ly adv. wan′ness n.

Answer 50

(bŏs′kē) adj. bosk·i·er, bosk·i·est 1. Having an abundance of bushes, shrubs, or trees: "a bosky park leading to a modest yet majestic plaza" (Jack Beatty). 2. Of or relating to woods.

Answer 51

(ăr′ə-bəl) adj. Fit for cultivation, as by plowing. n. Land fit to be cultivated. [Middle English, from Old French, from Latin arābilis, from arāre, to plow.] ar′a·bil′i·ty n.

Answer 52

(văl′ĭ-to͞od′n-âr′ē-ən, -tyo͞od′-) n. A sickly or weak person, especially one who is constantly and morbidly concerned with his or her health. adj. 1. Chronically ailing; sickly. 2. Constantly and morbidly concerned with one's health. [From Latin valētūdinārius, from valētūdō, valētūdin-, state of health, from valēre, to be strong or well; see wal- in Indo-European roots.] val′e·tu′di·nar′i·an·ism n.

Answer 53

adj. 1. Of or characteristic of the Church of England or any of the churches related to it in origin and communion, such as the Episcopal Church. 2. Archaic Of or relating to England or the English. n. A member of the Church of England or of any of the churches related to it.

Answer 54

Helena Petrovna Blavatsky (Russian: 1831 – 1891) was an occultist, spirit medium, and author who co-founded the Theosophical Society in 1875. She gained an international following as the leading theoretician of Theosophy, the esoteric movement that the Society promoted. Born into an aristocratic Russian-German family, Blavatsky traveled widely around the Russian Empire as a child. Largely self-educated, she developed an interest in Western esotericism during her teenage years. According to her later claims, in 1849 she embarked on a series of world travels, visiting Europe, the Americas, and India. She alleged that during this period she encountered a group of spiritual adepts, the "Masters of the Ancient Wisdom", who sent her to Shigatse, Tibet, where they trained her to develop her own psychic powers. Both contemporary critics and later biographers have argued that some or all of these foreign visits were fictitious, and that she spent this period in Europe. By the early 1870s, Blavatsky was involved in the Spiritualist movement; although defending the genuine existence of Spiritualist phenomena, she argued against the mainstream Spiritualist idea that the entities contacted were the spirits of the dead. Relocating to the United States in 1873, she befriended Henry Steel Olcott and rose to public attention as a spirit medium, attention that included public accusations of fraudulence. In New York City, Blavatsky co-founded the Theosophical Society with Olcott and William Quan Judge in 1875. In 1877 she published Isis Unveiled, a book outlining her Theosophical world-view. Associating it closely with the esoteric doctrines of Hermeticism and Neoplatonism, Blavatsky described Theosophy as "the synthesis of science, religion and philosophy", proclaiming that it was reviving an "Ancient Wisdom" which underlay all the world's religions. In 1880 she and Olcott moved to India, where the Society was allied to Dayananda Saraswati's Arya Samaj, a Hindu reform movement. That same year, while in Ceylon she and Olcott became the first Euro-Americans to officially convert to Buddhism. Although opposed by the British administration, Theosophy spread rapidly in India, although experienced internal problems after Blavatsky was accused of producing fraudulent paranormal phenomena in the Coulomb Affair. Amid ailing health, in 1885 she returned to Europe, eventually settling in London, where she established the Blavatsky Lodge. Here she published The Secret Doctrine, a commentary on what she claimed were ancient Tibetan manuscripts, as well as two further books, The Key to Theosophy and The Voice of the Silence. She died of influenza in the home of her disciple and successor, Annie Besant. Blavatsky was a controversial figure during her lifetime, championed by supporters as an enlightened guru and derided as a fraudulent charlatan by critics. Her Theosophical doctrines influenced the spread of Hindu and Buddhist ideas in the West as well as the development of Western esoteric currents like Ariosophy, Anthroposophy, and the New Age Movement.

Answer 55

n. The frame supporting a bed.

Answer 56

(sĕk′stənt) n. 1. A navigational instrument containing a graduated 60-degree arc, used for measuring the altitudes of celestial bodies for use in determining the latitude and longitude of the observer. 2. Sextant See Sextans. [New Latin sextāns, sextant-, from Latin, sixth part (so called because the instrument's arc is a sixth of a circle), from sextus, sixth; see s(w)eks in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 57

(stăn′chən, -shən) n. 1. An upright pole, post, or support. 2. A framework consisting of two or more vertical bars, used to secure cattle in a stall or at a feed trough. tr. v. stan·chioned, stan·chion·ing, stan·chions 1. To equip with stanchions. 2. To confine (cattle) by means of stanchions. [Middle English stanchon, from Old French estanchon, probably from estance, act of standing upright, prop, from estans, present participle of ester, to stand, from Latin stāre; see stā- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 58

n. A clear, jellylike preserve made from the pulp and rind of fruits, especially citrus fruits.

Answer 59

\ee-OH-nee-uh n\ adjective 1. eternal; everlasting.

Answer 60

n. 1. The track or trail of an animal or person. 2. The footprints or other signs left by an animal or person, considered as a group: found fresh spoor. ``` tr.v. spoored, spoor·ing, spoors To track (an animal or person) by following the spoor. ```

Answer 61

(ĭ-lĭz′ə-bē′thən, -bĕth′ən) adj. Of, relating to, or characteristic of Elizabeth I of England or her reign. "William Shakespeare was an Elizabethan" E·liz′a·be′than n.

Answer 62

(kən-sŭmp′tĭv) adj. 1. Consuming or tending to consume. 2. Of, relating to, or afflicted with consumption. n. A person afflicted with consumption. con·sump′tive·ly adv.

Answer 63

(lĭn′ə-mənt) n. A medicinal fluid rubbed into the skin to soothe pain or relieve stiffness. [Middle English, from Late Latin linīmentum, from Latin linere, linīre, to rub over, anoint; see lei- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 64

(sŭb′tər-fyo͞oj′) n. 1. Deception used to achieve an end: tried to get her to sign the contract by subterfuge. 2. A deceptive stratagem or device: The meeting was a subterfuge to get him out of his office while it was searched.

Answer 65

adj. 1. Relating to, situated in, or extending toward the middle; median. 2. Linguistics Being a sound, syllable, or letter occurring between the initial and final positions in a word or morpheme. 3. Mathematics Being or relating to an average or a mean. 4. Average; ordinary. n. Linguistics 1. A voiced stop, such as (b), (d), or (g). Also called media. 2. A sound, letter, or form of a letter that is neither initial nor final. me′di·al·ly adv.

Answer 66

(pär′lē) n. pl. par·leys A discussion or conference, especially one between enemies over terms of truce or other matters. intr.v. par·leyed, par·ley·ing, par·leys To have a discussion, especially with an enemy. [Middle English, from Old French parlee, from feminine past participle of parler, to talk, from Vulgar Latin \*paraulāre, from Late Latin parabolāre, from parabola, discourse; see parable.]

Answer 67

(ăk-sĕsh′ən) n. 1. The attainment of a dignity or rank: the queen's accession to the throne. 2. a. Something that has been acquired or added; an acquisition. b. An increase by means of something added. 3. Law a. The addition to or increase in value of property by means of improvements or natural growth. b. The right of a proprietor to ownership of such addition or increase. 4. Agreement or assent. 5. Access; admittance. 6. A sudden outburst. tr.v. ac·ces·sioned, ac·ces·sion·ing, ac·ces·sions To record in the order of acquisition: a curator accessioning newly acquired paintings. ac·ces′sion·al adj.

Answer 68

(dou′ə-jər) n. 1. A widow who holds a title or property derived from her deceased husband. 2. An elderly woman of high social station.

Answer 69

(prŏk′sə-mĭt) adj. 1. Direct or immediate: "The stock market crash in October, 1929 ... is often regarded as ... the major proximate cause of the Great Depression" (Milton Friedman). "The proximate cause of America's deficits is that Washington has dramatically cut the taxes of America's rich" (Eamonn Fingleton). 2. Very near or next, as in space, time, or order. See Synonyms at close. [Latin proximātus, past participle of proximāre, to come near, from proximus, nearest; see per in Indo-European roots.] prox′i·mate·ly adv. prox′i·mate·ness n.

Answer 70

n. 1. a. The horizontal threads interlaced through the warp in a woven fabric; woof. b. Yarn used for the weft. 2. Woven fabric.

Answer 71

v. en·treat·ed, en·treat·ing, en·treats v.tr. 1. To make an earnest request of (someone). See Synonyms at beg. 2. To ask for earnestly; petition for: "She made a hasty gesture with her hand, as if to entreat my patience and my silence" (Charles Dickens). 3. Archaic To deal with; treat. v.intr. To make an earnest request or petition. en·treat′ing·ly adv. en·treat′ment n.

Answer 72

Joseph Stalin (Russian: 1878 – 1953) was the leader of the Soviet Union from the mid-1920s until his death in 1953. He was one of the seven members of the first Politburo, founded in 1917 in order to manage the Bolshevik Revolution, alongside Lenin, Zinoviev, Kamenev, Trotsky, Sokolnikov and Bubnov. Among the Bolshevik revolutionaries who took part in the Russian Revolution of 1917, Stalin was appointed General Secretary of the party's Central Committee in 1922. He subsequently managed to consolidate power following the 1924 death of Vladimir Lenin through suppressing Lenin's criticisms (in the postscript of his testament) and expanding the functions of his role, all the while eliminating any opposition. He remained general secretary until the post was abolished in 1952, concurrently serving as the Premier of the Soviet Union from 1941 onward. Under Stalin's rule, the concept of "Socialism in One Country" became a central tenet of Soviet society, contrary to Leon Trotsky's view that socialism must be spread through continuous international revolutions. He replaced the New Economic Policy introduced by Lenin in the early 1920s with a highly centralised command economy, launching a period of industrialization and collectivization that resulted in the rapid transformation of the USSR from an agrarian society into an industrial power. However, the economic changes coincided with the imprisonment of millions of people in Gulag labour camps. The initial upheaval in agriculture disrupted food production and contributed to the catastrophic Soviet famine of 1932–33, known as the Holodomor in Ukraine. Between 1934 and 1939 he organized and led a massive purge (known as "Great Purge") of the party, government, armed forces and intelligentsia, in which millions of so-called "enemies of the Soviet people" were imprisoned, exiled or executed. In a period that lasted from 1936 to 1939, Stalin instituted a campaign against enemies within his regime. Major figures in the Communist Party, such as the Old Bolsheviks, Leon Trotsky, and most of the Red Army generals, were killed after being convicted of plotting to overthrow the government and Stalin. In August 1939, after failed attempts to conclude anti-Hitler pacts with other major European powers, Stalin entered into a non-aggression pact with Nazi Germany that divided their influence and territory within Eastern Europe, resulting in their invasion of Poland in September of that year, but Germany later violated the agreement and launched a massive invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941. Despite heavy human and territorial losses, Soviet forces managed to halt the Nazi incursion after the decisive Battles of Moscow and Stalingrad. After defeating the Axis powers on the Eastern Front, the Red Army captured Berlin in May 1945, effectively ending the war in Europe for the Allies. The Soviet Union subsequently emerged as one of two recognized world superpowers, the other being the United States. The Yalta and Potsdam conferences established communist governments loyal to the Soviet Union in the Eastern Bloc countries as buffer states. He also fostered close relations with Mao Zedong in China and Kim Il-sung in North Korea. Stalin led the Soviet Union through its post-war reconstruction phase, which saw a significant rise in tension with the Western world that would later be known as the Cold War. During this period, the USSR became the second country in the world to successfully develop a nuclear weapon, as well as launching the Great Plan for the Transformation of Nature in response to another widespread famine and the Great Construction Projects of Communism. In the years following his death, Stalin and his regime have been condemned on numerous occasions, most notably in 1956 when his successor Nikita Khrushchev denounced his legacy and initiated a process of de-Stalinization. He remains a controversial figure today, with many regarding him as a tyrant. However, popular opinion within the Russian Federation is mixed. The exact number of deaths caused by Stalin's regime is a subject of debate, but it is widely agreed upon that it is on the order of millions.

Answer 73

n. Symbol Co A hard, brittle metallic element, found associated with nickel, silver, lead, copper, and iron ores and resembling nickel and iron in appearance. It is used chiefly for magnetic alloys, high-temperature alloys, and in the form of its salts for blue glass and ceramic pigments.

Answer 74

(ăn′tĭ-də-lo͞o′vē-ən) adj. 1. Bible Occurring or belonging to the era before the Flood. 2. Extremely old or old-fashioned. See Synonyms at old. [From ante- + Latin dīluvium, flood; see diluvial.] an′te·di·lu′vi·an n.

Answer 75

(kŏn′flo͞o-ənt) adj. 1. Flowing together; blended into one. 2. Merging or running together so as to form a mass, as sores in a rash. n. 1. One of two or more confluent streams. 2. A tributary. [Middle English, from Latin cōnfluēns, cōnfluent-, present participle of cōnfluere, to flow together : com-, com- + fluere, to flow; see bhleu- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 76

Gaius Julius Caesar (100 – 44 BC) was a Roman general, statesman, Consul, and notable author of Latin prose. He played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire. In 60 BC, Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey formed a political alliance that was to dominate Roman politics for several years. Their attempts to amass power through populist tactics were opposed by the conservative ruling class within the Roman Senate, among them Cato the Younger with the frequent support of Cicero. Caesar's victories in the Gallic Wars, completed by 51 BC, extended Rome's territory to the English Channel and the Rhine. Caesar became the first Roman general to cross both when he built a bridge across the Rhine and conducted the first invasion of Britain.

Answer 77

(sûr′vĭ-tər, -tôr′) n. One that performs the duties of a servant to another; an attendant. [Middle English servitour, from Anglo-Norman, from Latin servītor, from servīre, to serve; see serve.] ser′vi·tor·ship′ n.

Answer 78

adj. 1. Capable of burning, corroding, dissolving, or eating away by chemical action. 2. Sarcastic or cutting; biting: "The caustic jokes ... deal with such diverse matters as political assassination, talk-show hosts, medical ethics" (FrankRich). 3. Given to making caustic remarks: a caustic TV commentator. n. 1. A caustic material or substance. 2. A hydroxide of a light metal. 3. The enveloping surface formed by light rays reflecting or refracting from a curved surface, especially one with spherical aberration.

Answer 79

n. An expressway in Germany or another area where German is spoken.

Answer 80

(ə-măn′yo͞o-ĕn′sĭs) n. pl. a·man·u·en·ses (-sēz) One who is employed to take dictation or to copy manuscript. [Latin āmanuēnsis, from the phrase (servus) ā manū, (slave) at handwriting : ā, ab, by; see manū in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 81

(mo͞o) n. A small grimace; a pout.

Answer 82

1. A bottom fish. 2. a. A spectator in the cheap standing-room section of an Elizabethan theater. b. A person with uncultivated tastes.

Answer 83

n. a wayward son who squanders his inheritance but returns home to find that his father forgives him. Luke 15:11–32.

Answer 84

(lĭt′ər-jē) n. pl. lit·ur·gies 1. A prescribed form or set of forms for public religious worship. 2. often Liturgy Christianity The sacrament of the Eucharist.

Answer 85

(ăk′wə-līn′, -lĭn) adj. 1. Relating to or having the characteristics of an eagle. 2. Curved or hooked like an eagle's beak: an aquiline nose. [Latin aquilīnus, from aquila, eagle.] aq′ui·lin′i·ty (-lĭn′ĭ-tē) n.

Answer 86

(fŭs′chən) n. 1. a. A coarse sturdy cloth made of cotton and linen or flax. b. Any of several thick twilled cotton fabrics, such as corduroy, having a short nap. 2. Pretentious speech or writing; pompous language. adj. 1. Made of or as if of fustian: "[He] disliked the heavy, fustian ... and brocaded decor of Soviet officialdom" (Frederick Forsyth). 2. Pompous, bombastic, and ranting: "Yossarian was unmoved by the fustian charade of the burial ceremony" (Joseph Heller). [Middle English, from Old French fustaigne, from Medieval Latin fūstānum, fūstiānum, possibly from Latin fūstis, wooden stick, club (translation of Greek xulinos, wood-linen, cotton) or from El Fostat , (El Fustat), a section of Cairo, Egypt.]

Answer 87

(dĭs′kwĭ-zĭsh′ən) n. A formal discourse on a subject, often in writing. [Latin disquīsītiō, disquīsītiōn-, investigation, from disquīsītus, past participle of disquīrere, to investigate : dis-, dis- + quaerere, to search for.]

Answer 88

(băd′n-äzh′) n. Light, playful banter. [French, from badin, joker, from Provençal badar, to gape, from Latin \*batāre.]

Answer 89

(jĕl′ĭg-nīt′) n. An explosive mixture composed of nitroglycerine, guncotton, wood pulp, and potassium nitrate.

Answer 90

(lə-kyo͞o′nə, -ko͞o′-) n. pl. la·cu·nae (-nē) or la·cu·nas 1. An empty space or a missing part; a gap: "self-centered in opinion, with curious lacunae of astounding ignorance" (Frank Norris). 2. Anatomy A cavity, space, or depression, especially in a bone, containing cartilage or bone cells. [Latin lacūna; see lagoon.] la·cu′nal adj.

Answer 91

adj. 1. Relating to or resembling a hair; fine and slender. 2. Having a very small internal diameter: a capillary tube. 3. Anatomy Of or relating to the capillaries. 4. Physics Of or relating to capillarity. n. pl. cap·il·lar·ies 1. Anatomy One of the minute blood vessels that connect arterioles and venules. These blood vessels form an intricate network throughout the body for the interchange of various substances, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, between blood and tissue cells. 2. A tube with a very small internal diameter. [From Latin capillāris, from capillus, hair.]

Answer 92

Yesod (Hebrew: יסוד "foundation") is a sephirah in the kabbalistic Tree of Life. Yesod is the sephirah below Hod and Netzach, and above Malkuth (the kingdom). It is the vehicle, from one thing or condition to another. It is the power of connection.

Answer 93

n. An atom or a group of atoms that has acquired a net electric charge by gaining or losing one or more electrons.

Answer 94

(join′chər) n. 1. Law a. The designation of property, held by one spouse (historically the husband) and jointly used by both spouses, to be provided to the other spouse (historically the wife) in the event of the death of the spouse holding the property. b. The property so designated. 2. The act of joining or the state of being joined. [Middle English, from Anglo-Norman, from Latin iūnctūra, joint; see juncture.]

Answer 95

(ĭ-pĭs′əl) n. 1. A letter, especially a formal one. See Synonyms at letter. 2. A literary composition in the form of a letter. 3. Epistle Bible a. One of the letters included as a book in the New Testament. b. An excerpt from one of these letters, read as part of a religious service.

Answer 96

(kə-tär′) n. Copious discharge of mucus associated with inflammation of mucous membranes, especially of the nose and throat. [Middle English catarre, from Old French catarrhe, from Late Latin catarrhus, from Greek katarrous, from katarrein, to flow down : kata-, cata- + rhein, to flow; see sreu- in Indo-European roots.] ca·tarrh′al, ca·tarrh′ous adj. ca·tarrh′al·ly adv.

Answer 97

The amygdalae (singular: amygdala; /əˈmɪɡdələ/), listed in Gray's Anatomy as the nucleus amygdalæ, are two almond-shaped groups of nuclei located deep and medially within the temporal lobes of the brain in complex vertebrates, including humans. Shown in research to perform a primary role in the processing of memory, decision-making, and emotional reactions, the amygdalae are considered part of the limbic system. In complex vertebrates, including humans, the amygdalae perform primary roles in the formation and storage of memories associated with emotional events.

Answer 98

(dŏt′l) n. The plug of tobacco ash left in the bowl of a pipe after it has been smoked. [From dot, lump (obsolete).]

Answer 99

(found′lĭng) n. A deserted or abandoned child of unknown parentage. [Middle English, from found, past participle of finden, to find; see find.]

Answer 100

(dăm′əsk) n. 1. A rich patterned fabric of cotton, linen, silk, or wool. 2. A fine, twilled table linen. 3. Damascus steel. 4. The wavy pattern on Damascus steel. tr. v. dam·asked, dam·ask·ing, dam·asks 1. To damascene. 2. To decorate or weave with rich patterns. [Middle English, Damascus, damask, from Latin Damascus, from Greek Damaskos.] dam′ask adj.

Answer 101

(ə-sûr′bĭk) also a·cerb (ə-sûrb′) adj. 1. Sour or bitter tasting; acid. See Synonyms at bitter, sour. 2. Sharp or biting, as in character or expression: "At times, the playwright allows an acerbic tone to pierce through otherwise arid or flowery prose". [From Latin acerbus; see ak- in Indo-European roots.] a·cer′bi·cal·ly adv.

Answer 102

n. pl. the·os·o·phies 1. Religious philosophy or speculation about the nature of the soul based on mystical insight into the nature of God. 2. often Theosophy The system of beliefs and teachings of the Theosophical Society, founded in New York City in 1875, incorporating aspects of Buddhism and Brahmanism, especially the belief in reincarnation and spiritual evolution. the′o·soph′ic (-ə-sŏf′ĭk), the′o·soph′i·cal (-ĭ-kəl) adj. the′o·soph′i·cal·ly adv. the·os′o·phist n.

Answer 103

(ŏn′ə-măt′ə-pē′ə, -mä′tə-) n. The formation or use of words such as buzz or murmur that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to. [Late Latin, from Greek onomatopoiiā, from onomatopoios, coiner of names : onoma, onomat-, name; see nō̆-men- in Indo-European roots + poiein, to make; see kwei- in Indo-European roots.] on′o·mat′o·poe′ic, on′o·mat′o·po·et′ic (-pō-ĕt′ĭk) adj. on′o·mat′o·poe′i·cal·ly, on′o·mat′o·po·et′i·cal·ly adv.

Answer 104

Niels Henrik David Bohr (Danish: [ˈnels ˈboɐ̯ˀ]; 1885 – 1962) was a Danish physicist who made foundational contributions to understanding atomic structure and quantum theory, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922. Bohr was also a philosopher and a promoter of scientific research. Bohr developed the Bohr model of the atom, in which he proposed that energy levels of electrons are discrete and that the electrons revolve in stable orbits around the atomic nucleus but can jump from one energy level (or orbit) to another. Although the Bohr model has been supplanted by other models, its underlying principles remain valid.

Answer 105

adj. Exhibiting a desire or willingness to please; cheerfully obliging. [French, from Old French, present participle of complaire, to please, from Latin complacēre; see complacent.] com·plai′sant·ly adv. **NOTE:** complaisant versus complacent: Complacent means self-satisfied or smug and derives in part from the Latin verb placere (to please). Example: He felt complacent about his excellent examination results. Complaisant, on the other hand, means eager to please or obliging. An example of its use is: He had thought she might oppose him, but found that she was surprisingly complaisant.

Answer 106

(sŏm-năm′byə-lāt′) intr.v. som·nam·bu·lat·ed, som·nam·bu·lat·ing, som·nam·bu·lates To walk or perform another act while asleep or in a sleeplike condition. som·nam′bu·lar (-lər) adj. som′nam·bu·la′tion n.

Answer 107

adj. Being in such bad repair as to seem in danger of collapsing; very dilapidated or rickety: a tumbledown shack.

Answer 108

tr.v. de·coct·ed, de·coct·ing, de·cocts 1. To extract the flavor of by boiling. 2. To make concentrated; boil down. [Middle English decocten, to boil, from Latin dēcoquere, dēcoct-, to boil down or away : dē-, de- + coquere, to boil, to cook; see pekw- in Indo-European roots.] de·coc′tion n.

Answer 109

(ăd′ə-mənt, -mănt′) adj. Not willing to change one's opinion, purpose, or principles; unyielding. n. 1. A stone once believed to be impenetrable in its hardness. 2. An extremely hard substance. [From Middle English, a hard precious stone, from Old French adamaunt, from Latin adamās, adamant-, from Greek, unconquerable, hard steel, diamond; see demə- in Indo-European roots.] ad′a·mance, ad′a·man·cy n. ad′a·mant·ly adv.

Answer 110

(tăb′lō′, tă-blō′) n. pl. tab·leaux or tab·leaus (tăb′lōz′, tă-blōz′) 1. A vivid or graphic description: The movie was a tableau of a soldier's life. 2. A striking incidental scene, as of a picturesque group of people: "New public figures suddenly abound in the hitherto faceless totalitarian tableaux" (John McLaughlin). 3. An interlude during a scene when all the performers on stage freeze in position and then resume action as before. 4. A tableau vivant. [French, from Old French tablel, diminutive of table, surface prepared for painting; see table.]

Answer 111

(trī′rēm′) n. An ancient Greek or Roman galley or warship, having three tiers of oars on each side.

Answer 112

A mound of stones erected as a memorial or marker.

Answer 113

n. A single-masted, fore-and-aft-rigged sailing boat with a short standing bowsprit or none at all and a single headsail set from the forestay.

Answer 114

(frē-sōN′) n. pl. fris·sons (-sōNz′, -sōN′) A moment of intense excitement; a shudder: The story's ending arouses a frisson of terror.

Answer 115

(tō′mĭz′əm) n. The theological and philosophical system of Saint Thomas Aquinas, a system that dominated scholasticism. Tho′mist n. Tho·mis′tic adj.

Answer 116

(nŏns) n. The present or particular occasion: "Her tendency to discover a touch of sadness had for the nonce disappeared" (Theodore Dreiser).

Answer 117

(vĭs′ĭd) adj. 1. Thick and adhesive. Used of a fluid. 2. Covered with a sticky or clammy coating. [Late Latin viscidus, from Latin viscum, mistletoe, birdlime made from mistletoe berries.] vis·cid′i·ty, vis′cid·ness n. vis′cid·ly adv.

Answer 118

(roi′stər) intr. v. rois·tered, rois·ter·ing, rois·ters 1. To engage in boisterous merrymaking; revel noisily. 2. To behave in a blustering manner; swagger. [From obsolete roister, roisterer, probably from Old French rustre, ruffian, alteration of ruste, from Latin rūsticus, rustic; see rustic.] rois′ter·er n. rois′ter·ous adj. rois′ter·ous·ly adv.

Answer 119

(lĕm′ən, lē′mən) n. Archaic 1. A sweetheart; a lover. 2. A mistress.

Answer 120

(wôrl, hwôrl, wûrl, hwûrl) n. 1. A form that coils or spirals; a curl or swirl: spread the icing in peaks and whorls. 2. Botany An arrangement of three or more leaves, petals, or other organs arising from a single node. 3. Zoology A single turn or volution of a spiral shell. 4. One of the circular ridges or convolutions of a fingerprint. 5. Architecture An ornamental device, as in stonework or weaving, consisting of stylized vine leaves and tendrils. 6. a. A small pulley that regulates the speed of the bobbin of a spinning wheel. b. A small flywheel that regulates the speed of a hand-operated spindle. [Middle English whorle, alteration of whirle, whirl, from whirlen, to whirl; see whirl.]

Answer 121

Middle Platonism is the modern name given to a stage in the development of Plato's philosophy, lasting from about 90 BC - when Antiochus of Ascalon rejected the scepticism of the New Academy - until the development of Neoplatonism under Plotinus in the 3rd century. Middle Platonism absorbed many doctrines from the rival Peripatetic and Stoic schools. The pre-eminent philosopher in this period, Plutarch (c. 45-120), defended the freedom of the will and the immortality of the soul. He sought to show that God, in creating the world, had transformed matter, as the receptacle of evil, into the divine soul of the world, where it continued to operate as the source of all evil. God is a transcendent being, which operates through divine intermediaries, which are the gods and daemons of popular religion. Numenius of Apamea (c. 160) combined Platonism with Neopythagoreanism and other eastern philosophies, in a move which would prefigure the development of Neoplatonism.

Answer 122

(jīr) n. A circular or spiral motion or form, especially a circular ocean current. intr.v. gyred, gyr·ing, gyres To whirl.

Answer 123

(tăt′ər-dĭ-māl′yən, -mā′lē-ən) n. A person wearing ragged or tattered clothing; a ragamuffin. adj. Ragged; tattered.

Answer 124

(prō′tē-əs, -tyo͞os′) n. Greek Mythology A sea god who could change his shape at will. In Greek mythology, Proteus is an early sea-god or god of rivers and oceanic bodies of water, one of several deities whom Homer calls the "Old Man of the Sea". Some who ascribe to him a specific domain call him the god of "elusive sea change", which suggests the constantly changing nature of the sea or the liquid quality of water in general. He can foretell the future, but, in a mytheme familiar to several cultures, will change his shape to avoid having to; he will answer only to someone who is capable of capturing him. From this feature of Proteus comes the adjective protean, with the general meaning of "versatile", "mutable", "capable of assuming many forms". "Protean" has positive connotations of flexibility, versatility and adaptability.

Answer 125

(ôl′dər-mən) n. 1. A member of the municipal legislative body in a town or city in many jurisdictions. 2. A member of the higher branch of the municipal or borough council in England and Ireland before 1974. 3. a. A noble of high rank or authority in Anglo-Saxon England. b. The chief officer of a shire in Anglo-Saxon England. [Middle English, a person of high rank, from Old English ealdorman : ealdor, elder, chief (from eald, old; see al- in Indo-European roots) + man, man; see man.] al′der·man·cy (-sē) n. al′der·man′ic (-măn′ĭk) adj.

Answer 126

(plĭ-bē′ən) adj. 1. Of or relating to the common people of ancient Rome: a plebeian magistrate. 2. Of, belonging to, or characteristic of commoners. 3. Unrefined or coarse in nature or manner; common or vulgar: plebeian tastes. n. 1. One of the common people of ancient Rome. 2. A member of the lower classes. 3. A vulgar or coarse person. [From Latin plēbius, from plēbs, plēb-, the common people; see pelə- in Indo-European roots.] ple·be′ian·ism n. ple·be′ian·ly adv.

Answer 127

adj. 1. Relating to, characteristic of, or used in calling. 2. Of, relating to, or being a grammatical case in certain inflected languages that indicates the person or thing being addressed. n. 1. The vocative case. 2. A word or form in the vocative case. [Middle English vocatif, from Old French, from Latin vocātīvus (cāsus), vocative (case), from vocātus, past participle of vocāre, to call; see vocation.] voc′a·tive·ly adv.

Answer 128

(hĭ-fĕs′təs, -fē′stəs) n. Greek Mythology The god of fire and metalworking. Roman counterpart: Vulcan

Answer 129

(kär′mĭn, -mīn′) n. 1. A strong to vivid red. 2. A crimson pigment derived from cochineal. adj. Strong to vivid red.

Answer 130

Vril, the Power of the Coming Race is an 1871 novel by Edward Bulwer-Lytton, originally printed as The Coming Race. Among its readers have been those who have believed that its account of a superior subterranean master race and the energy-form called "Vril" is accurate, to the extent that some theosophists, notably Helena Blavatsky, William Scott-Elliot, and Rudolf Steiner, accepted the book as truth.[1] A popular book, The Morning of the Magicians (1960) suggested that a secret Vril Society existed in pre-Nazi Berlin. However, there is no historical evidence for the existence of such a society.

Answer 131

(kwŏf, kwăf, kwôf) v. quaffed, quaff·ing, quaffs v.tr. To drink (a beverage) heartily: quaffed the ale with gusto. v.intr. To drink a liquid heartily: quaffed from the spring. n. A hearty draft of liquid.

Answer 132

1483-1546 Martin Luther, one of the most notable theologians in Christian history, is responsible for initiating the Protestant Reformation. To some sixteenth century Christians he was hailed as a pioneering defender of truth and religious freedoms, to others he was charged as a heretic leader of a religious revolt. Today most Christians would agree that he influenced the shape of Protestant Christianity more than any other person.

Answer 133

(ĕk′stər-pāt′) tr.v. ex·tir·pat·ed, ex·tir·pat·ing, ex·tir·pates 1. a. To destroy totally; kill off: an effort to reintroduce wildlife that had been extirpated from the region. b. To render absent or nonexistent: "No society ... is devoid of ... religion, even those ... which have made deliberate attempts to extirpate it" See Synonyms at eliminate. 2. To pull up by the roots. 3. To remove by surgery.

Answer 134

(pŭl′yə-lāt′) intr. v. pul·lu·lat·ed, pul·lu·lat·ing, pul·lu·lates 1. To breed rapidly or abundantly. 2. To be or increase in great numbers: "Ideas pullulated in his brain" (G.D. Dess). 3. To teem; swarm: a lagoon that pullulated with fish. [Latin pullulāre, pullulāt-, from pullulus, diminutive of pullus, young fowl; see pullet.] pul′lu·la′tion n.

Answer 135

Priapus (prī-ā′pəs) n. 1. Priapus Greek & Roman Mythology The god of procreation, guardian of gardens and vineyards, and personification of the erect phallus. 2. An image of this god, often used as a scarecrow in ancient gardens. 3. A representation of a phallus. * * * priapic (prī-ā′pĭk, -ăp′ĭk) also pri·a·pe·an (prī′ə-pē′ən) adj. 1. Of, relating to, or resembling a phallus; phallic. 2. Relating to or overly concerned with masculinity. * * * In Greek mythology, Priapus (/praɪˈeɪpəs/), was a minor rustic fertility god, protector of livestock, fruit plants, gardens and male genitalia. Priapus is marked by his oversized, permanent erection, which gave rise to the medical term priapism. He became a popular figure in Roman erotic art and Latin literature, and is the subject of the often humorously obscene collection of verse called the Priapeia.

Answer 136

Darius I (Old Persian: Dārayava(h)uš, c. 550–486 BCE) was the third king of the Persian Achaemenid Empire. Also called Darius the Great, he ruled the empire at its peak, when it included much of West Asia, the Caucasus, Central Asia as far as the Indus Valley, the eastern Balkans (Thrace and Macedonia) and Pannonia, portions of north and northeast Africa including Egypt (Mudrâya),1 eastern Libya and coastal Sudan.

Answer 137

(vŭl′pīn′) adj. 1. Of, resembling, or characteristic of a fox. 2. Cunning; clever. [Latin vulpīnus, from vulpēs, fox; see wl̥p-ē- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 138

(mɒˈnɒlətrɪ) n. (Other Non-Christian Religions) the exclusive worship of one god without excluding the existence of others monolater moˈnolatrist n moˈnolatrous adj

Answer 139

(mŏn-sēn′yər) n. Roman Catholic Church 1. A title conferred by the pope on a high-ranking male cleric, such as a protonotary apostolic. 2. A cleric holding such a title. 3. Abbr. Msgr. or Mgr. Used as a form of address prefixed to the name of such a cleric. Mon′si·gnor′i·al (mŏn′sēn-yôr′ē-əl) adj.

Answer 140

adj. 1. Given to complaining; peevish. 2. Expressing a complaint or grievance; grumbling: a querulous voice; querulous comments. [Middle English querulose, litigious, quarrelsome, from Old French querelos, from Late Latin querulōsus, querulous, from Latin querulus, from querī, to complain; see kwes- in Indo-European roots.] quer′u·lous·ly adv. quer′u·lous·ness n.

Answer 141

(tŏn′shər) n. 1. The act of shaving the head or part of the head, especially as a preliminary to becoming a priest or a member of a monastic order. 2. The part of a monk's or priest's head that has been shaved. tr.v. ton·sured, ton·sur·ing, ton·sures To shave the head of. [Middle English, from Old French, from Medieval Latin tōnsūra, from Latin, a shearing, from tōnsus, past participle of tondēre, to shear; see tem- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 142

(dē-fō′lē-āt′) v. de·fo·li·at·ed, de·fo·li·at·ing, de·fo·li·ates v. tr. 1. To deprive (a plant or a vegetated area, for example) of leaves. 2. To cause the leaves of (a plant or plants) to fall off, especially by the use of chemicals. v.intr. To lose foliage. [Late Latin dēfoliāre, dēfoliāt- : Latin dē-, de- + Latin folium, leaf; see bhel- in Indo-European roots.] de·fo′li·ate (-ĭt) adj. de·fo′li·a′tion n. de·fo′li·a′tor n.

Answer 143

also car·ack (kăr′ək) n. A large sailing vessel with a high forecastle and poop, used from the 1300s to the 1500s.

Answer 144

n 1. a blow with the hand or a hard object 2. power or influence, esp in politics 3. (Archery) archery a. the target used in long-distance shooting b. the centre of this target c. a shot that hits the centre 4. (Building) Also called: clout nail a short, flat-headed nail used esp for attaching sheet metal to wood 5. a. a piece of cloth: a dish clout. b. a garment c. a patch vb (tr) 6. to give a hard blow to, esp with the hand 7. (Knitting & Sewing) to patch with a piece of cloth or leather

Answer 145

n. The after part of the upper deck of a ship, usually reserved for officers.

Answer 146

(sə-ro͞o′lē-ən) adj. Azure; sky-blue.

Answer 147

(ăn′tē-pī-rĕt′ĭk, ăn′tī-) adj. Reducing or tending to reduce fever. n. A medication that reduces fever. an′ti·py·re′sis (-rē′sĭs) n.

Answer 148

(ĭn-vā′gəl, -vē′-) tr. v. in·vei·gled, in·vei·gling, in·vei·gles 1. To win over by coaxing, flattery, or artful talk: He inveigled a friend into becoming his tennis partner. 2. To obtain by cajolery: inveigled a free pass to the museum. in·vei′gle·ment n. in·vei′gler n.

Answer 149

(vān′glôr′ē, vān-glôr′ē) n. 1. Excessive or unwarranted pride in one's accomplishments or qualities. 2. Vain, ostentatious display: "a narcissistic chaser of vainglory" (Jonathan Miles). [Middle English vein glory, from Old French vaine gloire, from Latin vāna glōria, empty pride : vāna, feminine of vānus, empty; see vain + glōria, glory, pride.]

Answer 150

v. yowled, yowl·ing, yowls v.intr. To utter a long loud mournful cry; wail. v.tr. To say or utter with a yowl. n. A long loud mournful cry; a wail. [Middle English yowlen, probably of imitative origin .]

Answer 151

chĭl′blān′) n. An inflammation followed by itchy irritation on the hands, feet, or ears, resulting from exposure to moist cold.

Answer 152

(mĕt′l-ûr′jē) n. 1. The science that deals with procedures used in extracting metals from their ores, purifying and alloying metals, and creating useful objects from metals. 2. The study of metals and their properties in bulk and at the atomic level. met′al·lur′gic, met′al·lur′gi·cal adj. met′al·lur′gi·cal·ly adv. met′al·lur′gist n.

Answer 153

adj. Beautiful, especially to the sight. beau′te·ous·ly adv. beau′te·ous·ness n.

Answer 154

n. 1. Nautical The system of ropes, chains, and tackle used to support and control the masts, sails, and yards of a sailing vessel. 2. The supporting material for construction work.

Answer 155

n. A lover, especially a lover of a person who is married to someone else. [Middle English, from par amour, by way of love, passionately, from Anglo-Norman : par, by (from Latin per; see per in Indo-European roots) + amour, love (from Latin amor, from amāre, to love).]

Answer 156

n. One of the divisions of a poem, composed of two or more lines usually characterized by a common pattern of meter, rhyme, and number of lines. [Italian; see stance.] stan·za′ic (-zā′ĭk) adj.

Answer 157

(ăd′ĭt) n. An almost horizontal entrance to a mine. [Latin aditus, access, from past participle of adīre, to approach : ad-, ad- + īre, to go; see ei- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 158

1. Portending evil; ominous: The guard's baleful glare frightened the children. 2. Harmful or malignant in intent or effect: a baleful influence.

Answer 159

(gôr′jĭt) n. 1. A piece of armor protecting the throat. 2. An ornamental collar. 3. The scarflike part of a wimple covering the neck and shoulders. 4. A band or patch of distinctive color on the throat of an animal, especially an area of brightly colored feathers on the throat of a bird. [Middle English, from Old French gorgete, diminutive of gorge, throat; see gorge.]

Answer 160

(prə-tĕk′tər-ĭt) n. 1. a. A relationship of protection and partial control assumed by a superior power over a dependent country or region. b. The protected country or region. 2. Protectorate a. The government, office, or term of a protector. b. The government of England under Oliver Cromwell and his son Richard, ruling as Lord Protector of the Commonwealth.

Answer 161

To beg or get by begging.

Answer 162

Hermeticism, also called Hermetism, is a religious and philosophical tradition based primarily upon writings attributed to Hermes Trismegistus. These writings have greatly influenced the Western esoteric tradition and were considered to be of great importance during both the Renaissance and the Reformation. The tradition claims descent from a prisca theologia, a doctrine that affirms the existence of a single, true theology that is present in all religions and that was given by God to man in antiquity. Many Christian writers, including Lactantius, Augustine, Thomas Aquinas, Marsilio Ficino, Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, Giordano Bruno, Campanella, Sir Thomas Browne, and Emerson, considered Hermes Trismegistus to be a wise pagan prophet who foresaw the coming of Christianity. An account of how Hermes Trismegistus received the name "Thrice Great" is derived from the The Emerald Tablet of Hermes Trismegistus, wherein it is stated that he knew the three parts of the wisdom of the whole universe. The three parts of the wisdom are alchemy, astrology, and theurgy. The Poimandres, from which Marsilio Ficino formed his opinion, states that "They called him Trismegistus because he was the greatest philosopher and the greatest priest and the greatest king." The Suda (10th century) states that "He was called Trismegistus on account of his praise of the trinity, saying there is one divine nature in the trinity." Much of the importance of Hermeticism arises from its connection with the development of science during the time from 1300 to 1600 AD. The prominence that it gave to the idea of influencing or controlling nature led many scientists to look to magic and its allied arts (e.g., alchemy, astrology) which, it was thought, could put Nature to the test by means of experiments. Consequently it was the practical aspects of Hermetic writings that attracted the attention of scientists. Isaac Newton placed great faith in the concept of an unadulterated, pure, ancient doctrine, which he studied vigorously to aid his understanding of the physical world. Many of Newton's manuscripts—most of which are still unpublished—detail his thorough study of the Corpus Hermeticum, writings said to have been transmitted from ancient times, in which the secrets and techniques of influencing the stars and the forces of nature were revealed.

Answer 163

(prŏm′ən-tôr′ē) n. pl. prom·on·to·ries 1. A high ridge of land or rock jutting out into a body of water; a headland. 2. Anatomy A projecting part.

Answer 164

n. 1. A substance that exhibits phosphorescence. 2. The phosphorescent coating inside the screen of a cathode-ray tube. [Latin Phōsphorus, the morning star; see phosphorus.]

Answer 165

Ezra Pound (1885 – 1972) was an American expatriate poet and critic of the early modernist movement. His contribution to poetry began with his promotion of Imagism, a movement that called for a return to more Classical values, stressing clarity, precision and economy of language, and had an interest in verse forms such as the Japanese Haiku. His best-known works include Ripostes (1912), Hugh Selwyn Mauberley (1920) and his unfinished 120-section epic, The Cantos (1917–1969). Working in London and Paris in the early 20th century as foreign editor of several American literary magazines, Pound helped to discover and shape the work of contemporaries such as T. S. Eliot, James Joyce, Robert Frost and Ernest Hemingway. Hemingway wrote of him in 1925: "He defends [his friends] when they are attacked, he gets them into magazines and out of jail. ... He writes articles about them. He introduces them to wealthy women. He gets publishers to take their books. He sits up all night with them when they claim to be dying ... he advances them hospital expenses and dissuades them from suicide." Outraged by the loss of life during the First World War, he lost faith in England, blaming the war on usury and international capitalism. He moved to Italy in 1924, where throughout the 1930s and 1940s, to his friends' dismay, he embraced Benito Mussolini's fascism, expressed support for Adolf Hitler and wrote for publications owned by Oswald Mosley. The Italian government paid him during the Second World War to make hundreds of radio broadcasts criticizing the United States, as a result of which he was arrested for treason by American forces in Italy in 1945. He spent months in detention in a U.S. military camp in Pisa, including 25 days in a six-by-six-foot outdoor steel cage that he said triggered a mental breakdown, "when the raft broke and the waters went over me." Deemed unfit to stand trial, he was incarcerated in St. Elizabeths psychiatric hospital in Washington, D.C., for over 12 years.[3] While in custody in Italy, he had begun work on sections of The Cantos that became known as The Pisan Cantos (1948), for which he was awarded the Bollingen Prize in 1949 by the Library of Congress, triggering enormous controversy. He was released from St. Elizabeths in 1958 and returned to live in Italy until his death. His political views ensure that his work remains controversial; in 1933 Time magazine called him "a cat that walks by himself, tenaciously unhousebroken and very unsafe for children." Hemingway nevertheless wrote: "The best of Pound's writing – and it is in the Cantos – will last as long as there is any literature."

Answer 166

intr.v. busked, busk·ing, busks To play music or perform entertainment in a public place, usually while soliciting money.

Answer 167

(măl-ō′dər-əs) adj. Having a bad odor; foul. mal·o′dor·ous·ly adv. mal·o′dor·ous·ness n.

Answer 168

n. pl. hep·a·tit·i·des (-tĭt′ĭ-dēz′) 1. Inflammation of the liver, caused by infectious or toxic agents and characterized by jaundice, fever, liver enlargement, and abdominal pain. 2. Any of various types of such inflammation, especially viral hepatitis.

Answer 169

(rĭ-myo͞o′nə-rāt′) tr. v. re·mu·ner·at·ed, re·mu·ner·at·ing, re·mu·ner·ates 1. To pay (a person) a suitable equivalent in return for goods provided, services rendered, or losses incurred; recompense. 2. To compensate for; make payment for: remunerated his efforts. [Latin remūnerārī, remūnerāt- : re-, re- + mūnerārī, to give (from mūnus, mūner-, gift; see mei- in Indo-European roots).] re·mu′ner·a·bil′i·ty (-nər-ə-bĭl′ĭ-tē) n. re·mu′ner·a·ble adj. re·mu′ner·a′tor n.

Answer 170

(pə-tĕl′ə) n. pl. pa·tel·lae (-tĕl′ē) 1. a. A flat triangular bone located at the front of the knee joint. Also called kneecap. b. A dish-shaped anatomical formation. 2. A pan or dish in ancient Rome. [Latin, diminutive of patina, plate, pan; see paten.] pa·tel′lar, pa·tel′late (-tĕl′ĭt, -āt′) adj.

Answer 171

n. 1. a black, bare-faced Eurasian crow, Corvus frugilegus, that nests and roosts colonially. 2. a sharper at cards or dice; swindler. v. t. 3. to cheat or swindle.

Answer 172

(ĕn′yə-rē′sĭs) n. The involuntary discharge of urine; urinary incontinence. [New Latin, from Greek enourein, to urinate in : en-, in; see en-2 + ourein, to urinate.] en′u·ret′ic (-rĕt′ĭk) adj.

Answer 173

n. A machine that drives a pile by raising a weight between guideposts and dropping it on the head of the pile.

Answer 174

n. 1. One who rules during the minority, absence, or disability of a monarch. 2. One acting as a ruler or governor. 3. A member of a board that governs an institution, such as a state university. [Middle English, from Old French, from Latin regēns, regent-, ruler, from present participle of regere, to rule; see reg- in Indo-European roots.] re′gent·al (-jən-tl) adj.

Answer 175

(drăm) n. 1. Abbr. dr. a. A unit of weight in the US Customary System equal to 1/16 of an ounce or 27.34 grains (1.77 grams). b. A unit of apothecary weight equal to 1/8 of an ounce or 60 grains (3.89 grams). 2. a. A small draft: took a dram of brandy. b. A small amount; a bit: not a dram of compassion.

Answer 176

(săf′rən) n. 1. a. A corm-producing plant (Crocus sativus) native to the eastern Mediterranean region, having purple or white flowers with orange stigmas. b. The dried aromatic stigmas of this plant, used to color foods and as a cooking spice and dyestuff. 2. A moderate or strong orange yellow to moderate orange. [Middle English safroun, from Old French safran, from Medieval Latin safrānum, from Arabic za'farān.]

Answer 177

n. 1. Greek Mythology The many-headed monster that was slain by Hercules. (Lernaean Hydra) 2. Astronomy A satellite of Pluto. 3. A constellation in the equatorial region of the southern sky near Cancer, Libra, and Centaurus. Also called Snake. 4. A persistent or multifaceted problem that cannot be eradicated by a single effort. [Middle English Idra, from Latin Hydra, from Greek Hudrā, Hydra, a water serpent; see wed- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 178

adj. 1. a. Having a slanting or sloping direction, course, or position; inclined. b. Mathematics Designating geometric lines or planes that are neither parallel nor perpendicular. 2. Botany Having the part on one side of the midrib of a different size or shape than the part on the other side. Used of a leaf. 3. Anatomy Situated in a slanting position; not transverse or longitudinal: oblique muscles or ligaments. 4. a. Indirect or evasive: oblique political maneuvers. b. Devious, misleading, or dishonest: gave oblique answers to the questions. 5. Not direct in descent; collateral. 6. Grammar Designating any noun case except the nominative or the vocative. n. An oblique thing, such as a line, direction, or muscle. adv. (ō-blīk′, ə-blīk′) At an angle of 45°. [Middle English, from Old French, from Latin oblīquus.] o·blique′ly adv. o·blique′ness n.

Answer 179

The space around the altar of a church for the clergy and sometimes the choir, often enclosed by a lattice or railing.

Answer 180

ak-see-uh m 1. A self-evident or universally recognized truth; a maxim: "It is an economic axiom as old as the hills that goods and services can be paid for onlywith goods and services" (Albert Jay Nock). 2. An established rule, principle, or law. 3. A self-evident principle or one that is accepted as true without proof as the basis for argument; a postulate.

Answer 181

(păl′ĭmp-sĕst′) n. 1. A manuscript, typically of papyrus or parchment, that has been written on more than once, with the earlier writing incompletely scraped off or erased and often legible. 2. An object or area that has extensive evidence of or layers showing activity or use: "My skin had become a palimpsest of fleeting sensations, and each layer bore the imprint of who I was" (Paul Auster). [Latin palimpsēstum, from Greek palimpsēston, neuter of palimpsēstos, scraped again : palin, again; see kwel- in Indo-European roots + psēn, to scrape.]

Answer 182

v. de·claimed, de·claim·ing, de·claims v. intr. 1. To deliver a formal recitation, especially as an exercise in rhetoric or elocution. 2. To speak loudly and vehemently; inveigh. v.tr. To utter or recite with rhetorical effect. [Middle English declamen, from Latin dēclāmāre : dē-, intensive pref.; see clāmāre in Indo-European roots.] de·claim′er n.

Answer 183

(or ochre) n. 1. Any of several earthy mineral oxides of iron occurring in yellow, brown, or red and used as pigments. 2. A moderate orange yellow, from moderate or deep orange to moderate or strong yellow. [Middle English oker, from Old French ocre, from Late Latin ōcra, from Latin ōchra, from Greek ōkhra, from ōkhros, pale yellow.] o′cher·ous, o′cher·y (ō′krē) adj. | (ō′kər)

Answer 184

n. 1. One who acts without moral restraint; a dissolute person. 2. One who defies established religious precepts; a freethinker. adj. Morally unrestrained; dissolute.

Answer 185

Scholasticism is a method of critical thought which dominated teaching by the academics ("scholastics," or "schoolmen") of medieval universities in Europe from about 1100 to 1700, and a program of employing that method in articulating and defending dogma in an increasingly pluralistic context. It originated as an outgrowth of, and a departure from, Christian monastic schools at the earliest European universities. It is difficult to define the date at which they became true universities, although the lists of studia generalia for higher education in Europe held by the Catholic Church and its various religious orders are a useful guide. Not so much a philosophy or a theology as a method of learning, scholasticism places a strong emphasis on dialectical reasoning to extend knowledge by inference, and to resolve contradictions. Scholastic thought is also known for rigorous conceptual analysis and the careful drawing of distinctions. In the classroom and in writing, it often takes the form of explicit disputation: a topic drawn from the tradition is broached in the form of a question, opponents' responses are given, a counterproposal is argued and opponent's arguments rebutted. Because of its emphasis on rigorous dialectical method, scholasticism was eventually applied to many other fields of study. As a program, scholasticism began as an attempt at harmonization on the part of medieval Christian thinkers: to harmonize the various authorities of their own tradition, and to reconcile Christian theology with classical and late antiquity philosophy, especially that of Aristotle but also of Neoplatonism.

Answer 186

(strə-bĭz′məs) n. A visual defect in which one eye cannot focus with the other on an object because of imbalance of the eye muscles. Also called squint. [New Latin, from Greek strabismos, condition of squinting, from strabizein, to squint, from strabos, squinting; see streb(h)- in Indo-European roots.] stra·bis′mal (-məl), stra·bis′mic (-mĭk) adj.

Answer 187

Solomon, also called Jedidiah, was, according to the Bible (Book of Kings: 1 Kings 1–11; Book of Chronicles: 1 Chronicles 28–2, 2 Chronicles 1–9), Qur'an, and Hidden Words a king of Israel and the son of David. The conventional dates of Solomon's reign are circa 970 to 931 BC. He is described as the third king of the United Monarchy, which would break apart into the northern Kingdom of Israel and the southern Kingdom of Judah shortly after his death. Following the split, his patrilineal descendants ruled over Judah alone. According to the Talmud, Solomon is one of the 48 prophets. In the Qur'an, he is considered a major prophet, and Muslims generally refer to him by the Arabic variant Sulayman, son of David. The Hebrew Bible credits Solomon as the builder of the First Temple in Jerusalem. It portrays him as great in wisdom, wealth, and power, but ultimately as a king whose sins, including idolatry and turning away from Yahweh, led to the kingdom's being torn in two during the reign of his son Rehoboam. Solomon is the subject of many other later references and legends, most notably in the 1st-century apocryphal work known as the Testament of Solomon. In later years, in mostly non biblical circles, Solomon also came to be known as a magician and an exorcist, with numerous amulets and medallion seals dating from the Hellenistic period invoking his name.

Answer 188

(mā-näzh′) n. 1. People living together as a unit; a household. 2. The management of a household. [French, from Old French mesnage, alteration (influenced by maisnie, family) of manage, from maneir, to stay, from Latin manēre, to remain; see remain.]

Answer 189

An ancient city and state of northern Africa on the Bay of Tunis northeast of modern Tunis. It was founded by the Phoenicians in the ninth century bc and became the center of a maritime empire in the Mediterranean after the sixth century bc. The city was destroyed by the Romans at the end of the Third Punic War (146 bc) but was rebuilt by Julius Caesar and later (ad 439-533) served as capital of the Vandals before its virtual annihilation by the Arabs (698). Car′tha·gin′i·an (kär′thə-jĭn′ē-ən) adj. & n.

Answer 190

(sĭn-tĭl′ə) n. 1. A minute amount; an iota or trace. 2. A spark; a flash. [Latin, spark.] scin′til·lant adj.

Answer 191

n. Pottery made from a porous clay that is fired at relatively low temperatures. Faience, delft, and majolica are examples of earthenware.

Answer 192

n. pl. sub·stra·ta (-strā′tə, -străt′ə) or sub·stra·tums 1. a. An underlying layer. b. A layer of earth beneath the surface soil; subsoil. 2. A foundation or groundwork. 3. The material on which another material is coated or fabricated. 4. Philosophy The characterless substance that supports attributes of reality. 5. Biology A substrate. 6. Linguistics A substrate. [New Latin substrātum, from neuter of Latin substrātus, past participle of substernere, to lay under : sub-, sub- + sternere, to stretch, spread; see ster- in Indo-European roots.] sub·stra′tive adj.

Answer 193

(pə-lo͞o′sĭd) adj. 1. Admitting the passage of light; transparent or translucent. See Synonyms at clear. 2. Transparently clear in style or meaning: pellucid prose. [Latin pellūcidus, from pellūcēre, to shine through : per-, through; see lūcēre in Indo-European roots.] pel·lu·cid′i·ty, pel·lu′cid·ness n. pel·lu′cid·ly adv.

Answer 194

(ăs′ā′, ă-sā′) n. 1. a. Qualitative or quantitative analysis of a metal or ore to determine its components. b. A substance to be so analyzed. c. The result of such an analysis. 2. A bioassay. 3. An analysis or examination. 4. Archaic An attempt; an essay. v. (ă-sā′, ăs′ā′) as·sayed, as·say·ing, as·says v.tr. 1. a. To subject (a metal, for example) to chemical analysis so as to determine the strength or quality of its components. b. To bioassay. 2. To examine by trial or experiment; put to a test: assay one's ability to speak Chinese. 3. To evaluate; assess: assayed the situation before taking action. 4. To attempt; try: "Singers of every race and nationality have by now assayed the role" (Barry Singer). v.intr. To be shown by analysis to contain a certain proportion of usually precious metal. [Middle English, from Old French essai, assai; see essay.] as·say′a·ble adj. as·say′er n.

Answer 195

William Blake (1757 – 1827) was an English poet, painter, and printmaker. Largely unrecognised during his lifetime, Blake is now considered a seminal figure in the history of the poetry and visual arts of the Romantic Age. His prophetic poetry has been said to form "what is in proportion to its merits the least read body of poetry in the English language". Although he lived in London his entire life (except for three years spent in Felpham), he produced a diverse and symbolically rich oeuvre, which embraced the imagination as "the body of God" or "human existence itself". Although Blake was considered mad by contemporaries for his idiosyncratic views, he is held in high regard by later critics for his expressiveness and creativity, and for the philosophical and mystical undercurrents within his work. His paintings and poetry have been characterised as part of the Romantic movement and as "Pre-Romantic". Reverent of the Bible but hostile to the Church of England (indeed, to all forms of organised religion), Blake was influenced by the ideals and ambitions of the French and American Revolutions. Though later he rejected many of these political beliefs, he maintained an amiable relationship with the political activist Thomas Paine; he was also influenced by thinkers such as Emanuel Swedenborg. Despite these known influences, the singularity of Blake's work makes him difficult to classify. The 19th-century scholar William Rossetti characterised him as a "glorious luminary", and "a man not forestalled by predecessors, nor to be classed with contemporaries, nor to be replaced by known or readily surmisable successors".

Answer 196

(ī-tĭn′ər-ənt, ĭ-tĭn′-) adj. Traveling from place to place, especially to perform work or a duty: an itinerant judge; itinerant labor. n. One who travels from place to place. [Late Latin itinerāns, itinerant-, present participle of itinerārī, to travel, from Latin iter, itiner-, journey; see ei- in Indo-European roots.] i·tin′er·ant·ly adv.

Answer 197

(ə-bĭs′əl) adj. 1. Abysmal; unfathomable. 2. Of or relating to the great depths of the oceans. 3. Of or relating to the region of the ocean bottom between the bathyal and hadal zones, from depths of approximately 2,000 to 6,000 meters (6,500 to 20,000 feet).

Answer 198

Ergodic theory (ergon work, hodos way) is a branch of mathematics that studies dynamical systems with an invariant measure and related problems. Its initial development was motivated by problems of statistical physics. A central concern of ergodic theory is the behavior of a dynamical system when it is allowed to run for a long time. The first result in this direction is the Poincaré recurrence theorem, which claims that almost all points in any subset of the phase space eventually revisit the set. More precise information is provided by various ergodic theorems which assert that, under certain conditions, the time average of a function along the trajectories exists almost everywhere and is related to the space average. Two of the most important theorems are those of Birkhoff (1931) and von Neumann which assert the existence of a time average along each trajectory. For the special class of ergodic systems, this time average is the same for almost all initial points: statistically speaking, the system that evolves for a long time "forgets" its initial state. Stronger properties, such as mixing and equidistribution, have also been extensively studied. The problem of metric classification of systems is another important part of the abstract ergodic theory. An outstanding role in ergodic theory and its applications to stochastic processes is played by the various notions of entropy for dynamical systems. The concepts of ergodicity and the ergodic hypothesis are central to applications of ergodic theory. The underlying idea is that for certain systems the time average of their properties is equal to the average over the entire space. Applications of ergodic theory to other parts of mathematics usually involve establishing ergodicity properties for systems of special kind. In geometry, methods of ergodic theory have been used to study the geodesic flow on Riemannian manifolds, starting with the results of Eberhard Hopf for Riemann surfaces of negative curvature. Markov chains form a common context for applications in probability theory. Ergodic theory has fruitful connections with harmonic analysis, Lie theory (representation theory, lattices in algebraic groups), and number theory (the theory of diophantine approximations, L-functions).

Answer 199

(pə-no͝or′ē-əs, -nyo͝or′-) adj. 1. Poverty-stricken; destitute. 2. Unwilling to spend money; stingy. 3. Scanty or meager: "an allowance of cold meat and bread, in the same penurious proportion observed in our ordinary meals" (Charlotte Brontë). pe·nu′ri·ous·ly adv. pe·nu′ri·ous·ness n.

Answer 200

n. pl. Pyg·mies also Pig·mies 1. Greek Mythology A member of a race of dwarfs. 2. also pygmy A member of any of various peoples, especially of equatorial Africa and parts of Southeast Asia, having an average height less than 5 feet (1.5 meters). 3. pygmy a. An individual of unusually small size. b. An individual considered to be of little or no importance: political pygmies. adj. 1. also pygmy Of or relating to the Pygmies. 2. pygmy a. Unusually or atypically small. b. Unimportant; trivial.

Answer 201

(lăng′gər, lăng′ər) n. 1. Lack of physical or mental energy; listlessness: "the languor of the men, induced by the heat" (Herman Melville). See Synonyms at lethargy. 2. A dreamy, lazy, or sensual quality, as of expression: "the clarity of her complexion, the length and languor of her eyelashes" (Jhumpa Lahiri). 3. Oppressive stillness, especially of the air: the languor of a hot July afternoon. [Middle English, from Old French, from Latin, from languēre, to be languid; see languish.] lan′guor·ous adj. lan′guor·ous·ly adv. lan′guor·ous·ness n.

Answer 202

n 1. (Nautical Terms) nautical the parts of a vessel's hull where the vertical sides curve inwards to form the bottom 2. (Nautical Terms) (often plural) the parts of a vessel between the lowermost floorboards and the bottom 3. (Nautical Terms) Also called: bilge water the dirty water that collects in a vessel's bilge 4. silly rubbish; nonsense 5. (Brewing) the widest part of the belly of a barrel or cask vb 6. (Nautical Terms) nautical (intr) (of a vessel) to take in water at the bilge 7. (Nautical Terms) nautical (tr) to damage (a vessel) in the bilge, causing it to leak (probably a variant of bulge)

Answer 203

(strā′təm, străt′əm) n. pl. stra·ta (-tə) or stra·tums 1. A horizontal layer of material, especially one of several parallel layers arranged one on top of another. 2. Geology A bed or layer of sedimentary rock that is visually distinguishable from adjacent beds or layers. 3. Any of the regions of the atmosphere, such as the troposphere, that occur as layers. 4. Biology A layer of tissue: the epithelial stratum. 5. A level of society composed of people with similar social, cultural, or economic status. 6. One of a number of layers, levels, or divisions in an organized system: a complex poem with many strata of meaning. [Latin strātum, a covering, from neuter past participle of sternere, to spread; see stratus.] stra′tal (strāt′l) adj. Usage Note: The standard singular form is stratum; the standard plural is strata (or sometimes stratums), not stratas.

Answer 204

(lə-rĭn′jē-əl, -jəl, lăr′ən-jē′əl) also la·ryn·gal (lə-rĭng′gəl) adj. 1. Of, relating to, affecting, or near the larynx. 2. Produced in or with the larynx; glottal. n. 1. A laryngeal sound. 2. Any of a set of h-like sounds reconstructed for early Proto-Indo-European and partially preserved in Anatolian. [From New Latin laryngeus, from Greek larunx, larung-, larynx.]

Answer 205

(tĕt′rə-grăm′ə-tŏn′) n. The four Hebrew letters usually transliterated as YHWH or JHVH, used as a biblical proper name for God. [Middle English Tetragramaton, from Greek tetragrammaton, four-letter word, from neuter of tetragrammatos, four-lettered : tetra-, tetra- + gramma, grammat-, letter; see gerbh- in Indo-European roots.] The tetragrammaton (from Greek τετραγράμματον, meaning "(consisting of) four letters") is the Hebrew theonym יהוה, commonly transliterated into Latin letters as YHWH. It is one of the names of the national God of the Israelites used in the Hebrew Bible. While YHWH is the most common transliteration of the tetragrammaton in English academic studies, the alternatives YHVH, JHVH and JHWH are also used. Although "Yahweh" is favored by most Hebrew scholars and is widely accepted as the ancient pronunciation of the tetragrammaton, Jehovah is still used in some translations of the Bible. The Samaritans understand the pronunciation to be iabe. Some patristic sources give evidence for a Greek pronunciation iaō. Religiously observant Jews are forbidden to pronounce the name of God, and when reading the Torah they use the word Adonai ("Lord"). The name may be derived from a verb that means "to be", "exist", "become", or "come to pass".

Answer 206

(tăb′ərd) n. 1. A short, heavy cape of coarse cloth formerly worn outdoors. 2. a. A tunic or capelike garment worn by a knight over his armor and emblazoned with his coat of arms. b. A similar garment worn by a herald and bearing his lord's coat of arms. 3. An embroidered pennant attached to a trumpet. [Middle English, from Old French tabart or Old Spanish tabardo.]

Answer 207

pl.n. (used with a sing. or pl. verb) 1. a. A period of stagnation or slump. b. A period of depression or unhappy listlessness. 2. a. A region of the ocean near the equator, characterized by calms, light winds, or squalls. b. The weather conditions characteristic of these regions of the ocean. [From obsolete doldrum, dullard, alteration (influenced by tantrum) of Middle English dold, past participle of dullen, to dull, from dul, dull; see dull.]

Answer 208

From Illuminates: There's an article in there by the University College physicist F. R. Stannard about what he calls the Faustian Universe. He tells how the behavior of K-mesons can't be explained assuming a one way time-track, but fits into a neat pattern if you assume our universe overlaps another where time runs in the opposite direction. He calls it the Faustian universe, but I'll bet he has no idea that Goethe wrote Faust after experiencing that universe directly, just as you're doing lately. Incidentally, Stannard points out that everything in physics is symmetrical, except our present concept of one-way time. Once you admit two -way time traffic, you've got a completely symmetrical universe. Fits the Occamite's demand for simplicity. Stannard'll give you lots of words, man.

Answer 209

n. 1. A state of alarm or dread; apprehension. See Synonyms at fear. 2. Archaic An involuntary trembling or quivering. [Latin trepidātiō, trepidātiōn-, from trepidātus, past participle of trepidāre, to be in a state of confusion, from trepidus, anxious.] trep′i·da′tious (-shəs) adj.

Answer 210

(rō′ən, rou′-) n. A small deciduous European tree (Sorbus aucuparia) in the rose family, having pinnately compound leaves, corymbs of white flowers, and orange-red berries.

Answer 211

Astarte /æˈstɑrti/ (Ancient Greek: Ἀστάρτη, "Astártē") is the Greek name of the Mesopotamian (i.e. Assyrian, Akkadian, Babylonian) Semitic goddess Ishtar known throughout the Near East and Eastern Mediterranean from the early Bronze Age to Classical times. It is one of a number of names associated with the chief goddess or female divinity of those peoples. She is found as Ugaritic ????? (ʻṯtrt, "ʻAṯtart" or "ʻAthtart"); in Phoenician as ????? (ʻštrt, "Ashtart"); in Hebrew עשתרת (Ashtoret, singular, or Ashtarot, plural); and appears originally in Akkadian as ???? D, the grammatically masculine name of the goddess Ishtar; the form Astartu is used to describe her age. The name appears also in Etruscan as ??? ????? Uni-Astre (Pyrgi Tablets), Ishtar or Ashtart. Ishtar (English pronunciation /ˈɪʃtɑːr/) is the East Semitic Akkadian, Assyrian and Babylonian goddess of fertility, love, war, and sex. She is the counterpart to the Sumerian Inanna, and is the cognate for the Northwest Semitic Aramean goddess Astarte.

Answer 212

Reductio ad absurdum, also known as argumentum ad absurdum, is a common form of argument which seeks to demonstrate that a statement is true by showing that a false, untenable, or absurd result follows from its denial, or in turn to demonstrate that a statement is false by showing that a false, untenable, or absurd result follows from its acceptance. First recognized and studied in classical Greek philosophy, this technique has been used throughout history in both formal mathematical and philosophical reasoning, as well as informal debate.

Answer 213

(ăb-stro͞os′, əb-) adj. Difficult to understand; recondite: The students avoided the professor's abstruse lectures. [Latin abstrūsus, past participle of abstrūdere, to hide : abs-, ab-, away; see trūdere in Indo-European roots.] ab·struse′ly adv. ab·struse′ness n.

Answer 214

(goi′tər) n. A noncancerous enlargement of the thyroid gland, visible as a swelling at the front of the neck, that is often associated with iodine deficiency. Also called struma.

Answer 215

(kŏn-kyo͞o′pĭ-səns) n. A strong desire, especially sexual desire; lust. [Middle English, from Old French, from Late Latin concupīscentia, from Latin concupīscēns, concupīscent-, present participle of concupīscere, inchoative of concupere, to desire strongly : com-, intensive pref.; see com- + cupere, to desire.] con·cu′pis·cent adj.

Answer 216

(sûr′kəm-văl′āt′) tr.v. cir·cum·val·lat·ed, cir·cum·val·lat·ing, cir·cum·val·lates To surround with or as if with a rampart. adj. 1. (also -ĭt) Surrounded with or as if with a rampart. 2. Anatomy Surrounded by a ridge or raised, wall-like structure.

Answer 217

(spĕk-trŏs′kə-pē) n. pl. spec·tros·co·pies The study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation. Historically, spectroscopy originated through the study of visible light dispersed according to its wavelength, by a prism. spec·tros′co·pist n.

Answer 218

adj. 1. (Linguistics) of or relating to conversation 2. (Linguistics) denoting or characterized by informal or conversational idiom or vocabulary. Compare informal [From colloquy.] col·lo′qui·al n. col·lo′qui·al·ly adv. col·lo′qui·al·ness n.

Answer 219

(ˈiːnɒk) n 1. (Bible) the eldest son of Cain after whom the first city was named (Genesis 4:17) 2. (Bible) the father of Methuselah: said to have walked with God and to have been taken by God at the end of his earthly life (Genesis 5:24)

Answer 220

(lə-mär′kĭz′əm) also La·marck·i·an·ism (-kē-ə-nĭz′əm) n. A theory of biological evolution holding that physical changes that occur in an organism through purposeful use and disuse of body parts are inherited by its offspring. [After Chevalier de Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet Lamarck.]

Answer 221

also load·stone (lōd′stōn′) n. 1. A piece of magnetite that has magnetic properties and attracts iron or steel. 2. One that attracts strongly. [Middle English lode, way; see lode + stone (from its use by sailors to show the way).]

Answer 222

(hī) intr. & tr.v. hied, hie·ing or hy·ing (hī′ĭng), hies To go quickly; hasten.

Answer 223

(ĕn′tə-mŏl′ə-jē) n. The scientific study of insects. en′to·mo·log′ic (-mə-lŏj′ĭk), en′to·mo·log′i·cal (-ĭ-kəl) adj. en′to·mo·log′i·cal·ly adv. en′to·mol′o·gist n.

Answer 224

(hăl′sē-ən) adj. 1. Calm and peaceful; tranquil. 2. Prosperous; golden: halcyon years. n. 1. A fabled bird, identified with the kingfisher, that was supposed to have had the power to calm the wind and the waves while it nested on the sea during the winter solstice. 2. A kingfisher, especially one of the genus Halcyon. [Middle English alcioun, mythical halcyon bird, from Latin alcyōn, halcyōn, from Greek halkuōn, alteration (influenced by hals, salt, sea, and kuōn, conceiving) of alkuōn, probably from a pre-Greek Mediterranean language .]

Answer 225

adj. Highly moral, especially in showing kindness or forgiveness, as in overlooking insults or not seeking revenge. [From Latin magnanimus : magnus, great; see meg- in Indo-European roots + animus, soul, mind; see anə- in Indo-European roots.] mag·nan′i·mous·ly adv. mag·nan′i·mous·ness n.

Answer 226

(ĭ-lĭm′ĭ-tə-bəl) adj. Impossible to limit or circumscribe; limitless: "an illusion of illimitable power" (Freeman Dyson). il·lim′it·a·bil′i·ty, il·lim′it·a·ble·ness n. il·lim′it·a·bly adv.

Answer 227

n. pl. phi·lan·thro·pies 1. The effort or inclination to increase the well-being of humankind, as by charitable aid or donations. 2. Love of humankind in general. 3. Something, such as an activity or institution, intended to promote human welfare. [Late Latin philanthrōpia, from Greek, from philanthrōpos, humane, benevolent : phil-, philo-, philo- + anthrōpos, man, mankind.] phi·lan′thro·pist n.

Answer 228

The Ptolemaic Kingdom was a Hellenistic kingdom based in Egypt. It was ruled by the Ptolemaic dynasty which started with Ptolemy I Soter's accession after the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and which ended with the death of Cleopatra VII and the Roman conquest in 30 BC.

Answer 229

n. 1. A dog considered to be inferior or undesirable; a mongrel. 2. A base or cowardly person.

Answer 230

(prō-sē′nē-əm, prə-) n. pl. pro·sce·ni·ums or pro·sce·ni·a (-nē-ə) 1. The area of a modern theater that is located between the curtain and the orchestra. 2. The stage of an ancient theater, located between the background and the orchestra. 3. A proscenium arch. [Latin proscēnium, from Greek proskēnion : pro-, before; see pro-2 + skēnē, buildings at the back of the stage.]

Answer 231

(dī′ăd′, -əd) n. 1. Two individuals or units regarded as a pair: the mother-daughter dyad. 2. Biology One pair of homologous chromosomes resulting from the division of a tetrad during meiosis. 3. Mathematics a. A function that draws a correspondence from any vector u to the vector (v·u)w and is denoted vw, where v and w are a fixed pair of vectors and v·u is the scalar product of v and u. For example, if v = (2,3,1), w = (0,-1,4), and u = (a,b,c), then the dyad vw draws a correspondence from u to (2a + 3b + c)w. b. A tensor formed from a vector in a vector space and a linear functional on that vector space. adj. Made up of two units. [From Greek duas, duad-, from duo, two; see dwo- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 232

n. A thicket or grove of small trees or shrubs, especially one maintained by periodic cutting or pruning to encourage suckering, as in the cultivation of cinnamon trees for their bark. v. cop·piced, cop·pic·ing, cop·pic·es v.tr. To cut or prune (a tree) in making or maintaining a coppice. v.intr. To grow as a coppice after cutting. Used of trees. [Old French copeiz; see copse.]

Answer 233

(trĕd′l) n. A pedal or lever operated by the foot for circular drive, as in a potter's wheel or sewing machine. intr.v. tread·led, tread·ling, tread·les To work a treadle. [Middle English tredel, from Old English, step of a stair, from tredan, to tread.] tread′ler n.

Answer 234

(sûr′bər-əs) n. Greek & Roman Mythology A three-headed dog guarding the entrance to Hades. Cer′ber·e′an (sûr′bə-rē′ən) adj.

Answer 235

(kən-vĭv′ē-əl) adj. 1. Enjoying good company; sociable. See Synonyms at social. 2. Characterized by merry celebrating; festive: a convivial atmosphere at the reunion.

Answer 236

v. si·dled, si·dling, si·dles v. intr. 1. To move sideways: sidled through the narrow doorway. 2. To advance in an unobtrusive, furtive, or coy way: swindlers who sidle up to tourists. v.tr. To cause to move sideways: We sidled the canoe to the riverbank. n. 1. An unobtrusive, furtive, or coy advance. 2. A sideways movement. [Back-formation from sideling.] si′dling·ly adv.

Answer 237

(ə-blā′shən, ō-blā′-) n. 1. The act of offering something, such as worship or thanks, to a deity. 2. Oblation a. The act of offering the bread and wine of the Eucharist. b. Something offered, especially the bread and wine of the Eucharist. 3. A charitable offering or gift. [Middle English oblacioun, from Old French oblacion, from Late Latin oblātiō, oblātiōn-, from Latin oblātus, past participle of offerre, to offer : ob-, ob- + lātus, brought; see telə- in Indo-European roots.] ob·la′tion·al, ob′la·to′ry (ŏb′lə-tôr′ē) adj.

Answer 238

1. A fold of loose skin hanging from the neck of certain animals. 2. A pendulous part similar to this, such as the wattle of a bird. 3. A fold of loose skin hanging from the neck of a person.

Answer 239

n. pl. aus·pi·ces (ô′spĭ-sĭz, -sēz′) 1. also auspices Protection or support; patronage. 2. A sign indicative of future prospects; an omen: Auspices for the venture seemed favorable. 3. Observation of and divination from the actions of birds. [Latin auspicium, bird divination, auspices, from auspex, auspic-, bird augur; see awi- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 240

(pĕd′n-trē) n. pl. ped·ant·ries 1. The ostentatious display of academic knowledge, or undue attention paid to minor details or formal rules: His detailed research was dismissed as pedantry. 2. An instance of pedantic behavior: grew tired of his pedantries.

Answer 241

(foun′dər) v. foun·dered, foun·der·ing, foun·ders v. intr. 1. To sink below the surface of the water: The ship struck a reef and foundered. 2. To cave in; sink: The platform swayed and then foundered. 3. To fail utterly; collapse: a marriage that soon foundered. 4. To stumble, especially to stumble and go lame. Used of horses. 5. To become ill from overeating. Used of livestock. 6. To be afflicted with laminitis. Used of horses. v.tr. To cause to founder: A large wave foundered the boat. n. See laminitis. [Middle English foundren, to sink to the ground, from Old French fondrer, from Vulgar Latin \*funderāre, from \*fundus, \*funder-, bottom, from Latin fundus, fund-.] Usage Note: The verbs founder and flounder are often confused. Founder comes from a Latin word meaning "bottom" (as in foundation) and originally referred to knocking enemies down; it is now also used to mean "to fail utterly, collapse." Flounder means "to move clumsily, thrash about," and hence "to proceed in confusion." If John is foundering in Chemistry 101, he had better drop the course; if he is floundering, he may yet pull through.

Answer 242

(ĕk′sō-trō′pē-ə) n. A form of strabismus in which one or both of the eyes deviate outward. Also called walleye. [New Latin : exo- + Greek tropē, a turning; see -tropic.] ex′o·trop′ic (-trŏp′ĭk, -trō′pĭk) adj.

Answer 243

(fôr-bâr′əns) n. 1. Tolerance and restraint in the face of provocation; patience. 2. Law The act of giving a debtor more time to pay rather than immediately enforcing a debt that is due.

Answer 244

(pôl) n. 1. A cover for a coffin, bier, or tomb, often made of black, purple, or white velvet. 2. A coffin, especially one being carried to a grave or tomb. 3. a. A covering that darkens or obscures: a pall of smoke over the city. b. A gloomy effect or atmosphere: "A pall of depressed indifference hung over Petrograd during February and March 1916" (W. Bruce Lincoln). 4. Ecclesiastical a. A linen cloth or a square of cardboard faced with cloth used to cover the chalice. b. See pallium. tr.v. palled, pall·ing, palls To cover with or as if with a pall. v. palled, pall·ing, palls v. intr. 1. To become insipid, boring, or wearisome. 2. To have a dulling, wearisome, or boring effect. 3. To become cloyed or satiated. v. tr. 1. To cloy; satiate. 2. To make vapid or wearisome.

Answer 245

An often bright-green woolen or cotton material napped to imitate felt and used chiefly as a cover for gaming tables.

Answer 246

n. 1. A high administrative official or chief officer, as: a. Any of several high military or civil officials in ancient Rome. b. The chief of police of Paris, France. c. A chief administrative official of a department of France. d. The administrator in charge of discipline at a Jesuit school. 2. A student monitor or officer, especially in a private school. [Middle English, from Old French, from Latin praefectus, from past participle of praeficere, to place at the head of : prae-, pre- + facere, to make; see dhē- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 247

(to͞o-mĕs′ənt, tyo͞o-) adj. 1. Somewhat tumid. 2. Becoming swollen; swelling. [Latin tumēscēns, tumēscent-, present participle of tumēscere, to begin to swell, inchoative of tumēre, to swell; see teuə- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 248

Romulus /ˈrɒmjʉləs/ and Remus /ˈriːməs/ were the twin brothers and main characters of Rome's foundation myth. Their mother was Rhea Silvia, daughter of Numitor, king of Alba Longa. Before their conception, Numitor's brother Amulius seized power, killed Numitor's male heirs and forced Rhea Silvia to become a Vestal Virgin, sworn to chastity. Rhea Silvia conceived the twins by the god Mars, or by the god Hercules. Once the twins were born, Amulius had them abandoned to die in the Tiber river. They were saved by a series of miraculous interventions: the river carried them to safety, a she-wolf (in Latin, lupa) found and suckled them, and a woodpecker fed them. A shepherd and his wife found them and fostered them to manhood as simple shepherds. The twins, still ignorant of their true origins, proved to be natural leaders. Each acquired many followers. When they discovered the truth of their birth, they killed Amulius and restored Numitor to his throne. Rather than wait to inherit Alba Longa, they chose to found a new city. While Romulus wanted to found the new city on the Palatine Hill, Remus preferred the Aventine Hill. They agreed to determine the site through augury but when each claimed the results in his own favor, they quarreled and Remus was killed. Romulus founded the new city, named it Rome, after himself, and created its first legions and senate. The new city grew rapidly, swelled by landless refugees; as most of these were male and unmarried, Romulus arranged the abduction of women from the neighboring Sabines. The ensuing war ended with the joining of Sabines and Romans as one Roman people. Thanks to divine favour and Romulus's inspired leadership, Rome became a dominant force, but Romulus himself became increasingly autocratic, and disappeared or died in mysterious circumstances. In later forms of the myth, he ascended to heaven and was identified with Quirinus, the divine personification of the Roman people. The legend as a whole encapsulates Rome's ideas of itself, its origins and moral values. For modern scholarship, it remains one of the most complex and problematic of all foundation myths, particularly Remus's death. Ancient historians had no doubt that Romulus gave his name to the city. Most modern historians believe his name a back-formation from the name Rome; the basis for Remus's name and role remain subjects of ancient and modern speculation. The myth was fully developed into something like an "official", chronological version in the Late Republican and early Imperial era; Roman historians dated the city's foundation to between 758 and 728 BC, and Plutarch reckoned the twins' birth year as c. 27/28 March 771 BC. An earlier tradition that gave Romulus a distant ancestor in the semi-divine Trojan prince Aeneas was further embellished, and Romulus was made the direct ancestor of Rome's first Imperial dynasty. Possible historical bases for the broad mythological narrative remain unclear and disputed. The image of the she-wolf suckling the divinely fathered twins became an iconic representation of the city and its founding legend, making Romulus and Remus preeminent among the feral children of ancient mythography.

Answer 249

n. 1. Either of two slender bones in humans that extend from the manubrium of the sternum to the acromion of the scapula. Also called collarbone. 2. One of the bones of the pectoral girdle in many vertebrates. [New Latin clāvīcula, from Latin, diminutive of clāvis, key (from its shape).] cla·vic′u·lar (klə-vĭk′yə-lər) adj. cla·vic′u·late′ (-lāt′) adj.

Answer 250

(kăn′tĭ-kəl) n. 1. A song or chant, especially a nonmetrical hymn with words taken from a biblical text other than from the book of Psalms. 2. Canticles Bible The Song of Songs. [Middle English, from Latin canticulum, diminutive of cantus, song, from past participle of canere, to sing; see kan- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 251

(fŭg) n. A heavy, stale atmosphere, especially the musty air of an overcrowded or poorly ventilated room: "In spite of the open windows the stench had become a reeking fug"

Answer 252

(ĭ-kī′nə-dûrm′) n. Any of numerous radially symmetrical marine invertebrates of the phylum Echinodermata, which includes the starfishes, sea urchins, and sea cucumbers, having an internal calcareous skeleton and often covered with spines. [From New Latin Echīnodermata, phylum name : echino- + -dermata, -skinned (from Greek derma, dermat-, skin; see -derm).] e·chi′no·der′mal, e·chi′no·der′ma·tous (-dûr′mə-təs) adj.

Answer 253

(ĭr′ĭ-mē′dē-ə-bəl) adj. Impossible to remedy, correct, or repair; incurable or irreparable: irremediable errors in judgment. ir′re·me′di·a·bly adv.

Answer 254

adj. 1. a. Of, relating to, or constituting an island. b. Living or located on an island. 2. a. Suggestive of the isolated life of an island: "He is an exceedingly insular man, so deeply private as to seem inaccessible to the scrutiny of a novelist" (Leonard Michaels). b. Circumscribed and detached in outlook and experience; narrow or provincial. 3. Anatomy Of or relating to isolated tissue or an island of tissue. in′su·lar·ism, in′su·lar′i·ty (-lăr′ĭ-tē) n. in′su·lar·ly adv.

Answer 255

n. 1. A small inflamed elevation of the skin that is filled with pus; a pimple. 2. A small swelling similar to a blister or pimple. 3. Something likened to an inflamed, pus-filled lesion: "a cool glimpse of green between hot pustules of sooty sprawl" (Nicholas Proffitt).

Answer 256

n. 1. Any of various plants of the genus Urtica, having toothed leaves, unisexual apetalous flowers, and stinging hairs that cause skin irritation on contact. 2. Any of various hairy, stinging, or prickly plants. tr. v. net·tled, net·tling, net·tles 1. To sting with or as if with a nettle. 2. To irritate; vex.

Answer 257

(pĕn′yə-rē) n. Extreme want or poverty; destitution.

Answer 258

(lī-sē′əm) n. 1. A hall in which public lectures, concerts, and similar programs are presented. 2. An organization sponsoring public programs and entertainment. 3. A lycée. [Latin Lycēum, from Greek Lukeion, the name of a grove with athletic training grounds near Athens in which Aristotle taught, from Lukeios, epithet of Apollo (to whom the grove was sacred)]

Answer 259

or kab·ba·la or ka·ba·la also ca·ba·la or qa·ba·la or qa·ba·lah (kăb′ə-lə, kə-bä′lə) n. 1. often Kabbalah A body of mystical teachings of rabbinical origin, often based on an esoteric interpretation of the Hebrew Scriptures. 2. A secret doctrine resembling these teachings. [Medieval Latin cabala, from Hebrew qabbālâ, received doctrine, tradition, from qibbēl, to receive; see qbl in Semitic roots.] kab′ba·lism n. kab′ba·list n. Usage Note: There are no less than two dozen variant spellings of kabbalah, the most common of which include kabbalah, kabala, kabalah, qabalah, qabala, cabala, cabbala, kaballah, kabbala, kaballah, and qabbalah.

Answer 260

(gə-lo͞ot′) n. Slang A person, especially a clumsy or uncouth one.

Answer 261

(tī-trā′shən) n. The process, operation, or method of determining the concentration of a substance in solution by adding to it a standard reagent of known concentration in carefully measured amounts until a reaction of definite and known proportion is completed, usually as shown by a color change or by electrical measurement, and then calculating the unknown concentration.

Answer 262

(pĕn′ən) n. 1. A long narrow banner or streamer borne upon a lance. 2. A pennant, banner, or flag. 3. A pinion; a wing. [Middle English, from Old French penon, streamer, feather of an arrow, augmentative of penne, feather, from Latin penna; see pet- in Indo-European roots.] pen′noned adj.

Answer 263

(mĭz′ən) n. Nautical 1. A fore-and-aft sail set on the mizzenmast. 2. A mizzenmast. miz′zen adj.

Answer 264

(ē′kwīn′, ĕk′wīn′) adj. 1. Of, relating to, or characteristic of a horse. 2. Of or belonging to the family Equidae, which includes the horses, asses, and zebras.

Answer 265

n 1. a bed or bunk in a vessel or train, usually narrow and fixed to a wall 2. (Nautical Terms) nautical a place assigned to a ship at a mooring 3. (Nautical Terms) nautical sufficient distance from the shore or from other ships or objects for a ship to manoeuvre 4. give a wide berth to to keep clear of; avoid 5. (Nautical Terms) nautical accommodation on a ship 6. a job, esp as a member of a ship's crew vb 7. (Nautical Terms) nautical (tr) to assign a berth to (a vessel) 8. (Nautical Terms) nautical to dock (a vessel) 9. (tr) to provide with a sleeping place, as on a vessel or train 10. (Nautical Terms) nautical (intr) to pick up a mooring in an anchorage

Answer 266

(sər-kyo͞o′ĭ-təs) adj. 1. Being or taking a roundabout, lengthy course: took a circuitous route to avoid the accident site. 2. Characterized by indirectness, evasiveness, or complexity, as in action or language: a circuitous method of inquiry; a circuitous argument. [From Medieval Latin circuitōsus, from Latin circuitus, a going around; see circuit.] cir·cu′i·tous·ly adv. cir·cu′i·ty, cir·cu′i·tous·ness n.

Answer 267

(lĭv′ə-rē, lĭv′rē) n. pl. liv·er·ies 1. A distinctive uniform worn by the male servants of a household. 2. The distinctive dress worn by the members of a particular group; uniform: ushers in livery. 3. The costume or insignia worn by the retainers of a feudal lord. 4. a. The boarding and care of horses for a fee. b. The hiring out of horses and carriages. c. A livery stable. 5. A business that offers vehicles, such as automobiles or boats, for hire. 6. Law Official delivery of property, especially land, to a new owner.

Answer 268

adj. palm·i·er, palm·i·est 1. Of or relating to palm trees. 2. Covered with palm trees. 3. Prosperous; flourishing: palmy times for stockbrokers.

Answer 269

n. A fungus with an umbrella-shaped fruiting body, especially one thought to be inedible or poisonous.

Answer 270

adj. 1. Characterized by transparent clearness; pellucid. See Synonyms at clear. 2. Free from clouds or haze: a limpid sky. 3. Easily intelligible; clear: writes in a limpid style. 4. Easily or pleasantly heard; distinct: playing the violin with a limpid tone. 5. Flowing or moving gracefully: limpid movements of a dancer. lim·pid′i·ty, lim′pid·ness n. lim′pid·ly adv.

Answer 271

adj. 1. Hanging loosely; suspended so as to swing or sway. 2. Wavering; undecided. [From Latin pendulus, from pendēre, to hang; see (s)pen- in Indo-European roots.] pen′du·lous·ly adv. pen′du·lous·ness n.

Answer 272

an attribute of stochastic systems; generally, a system that tends in probability to a limiting form that is independent of the initial conditions haphazardness, stochasticity, randomness, noise - the quality of lacking any predictable order or plan

Answer 273

(lə-kŏn′ĭk) adj. Using or marked by the use of few words; terse or concise. [Latin Lacōnicus, Spartan, from Greek Lakōnikos, from Lakōn, a Spartan (from the reputation of the Spartans for brevity of speech).] la·con′i·cal·ly adv. Synonyms: laconic, reticent, taciturn, tightlipped

Answer 274

n 1. the act of despoiling; plunder or pillage 2. the state of being despoiled

Answer 275

(chăn′sə-rē) n. pl. chan·cer·ies 1. Law a. A court of chancery. b. The proceedings and practice of a court of chancery; equity. c. A court of public record; an office of archives. d. One of the five divisions of the High Court of Justice of Great Britain, presided over by the Lord High Chancellor. 2. The office or department of a chancellor; a chancellery. [Middle English chancerie, alteration of chancelrie; see chancellery.]

Answer 276

(rĭ-nĕg′, -nĭg′) v. re·neged, re·neg·ing, re·neges v. intr. 1. To fail to carry out a promise or commitment: reneged on the contract at the last minute. 2. Games To fail to follow suit in cards when able and required by the rules to do so. v.tr. Archaic To renounce; disown. n. The act of reneging. [Medieval Latin renegāre, to deny; see renegade.] re·neg′er n.

Answer 277

(fē′tər, -tôr′) also foe·tor (fē′tər) n. A strong, offensive odor. See Synonyms at stench. [Middle English fetoure, from Latin fētor, from fētēre, to stink.]

Answer 278

Keelhauling is a form of punishment meted out to sailors at sea. The sailor was tied to a line that looped beneath the vessel, thrown overboard on one side of the ship, and dragged under the ship's keel, either from one side of the ship to the other, or the length of the ship (from bow to stern). As the hull was usually covered in barnacles and other marine growth, if the offender was pulled quickly, keelhauling would typically result in serious cuts, loss of limbs and even decapitation. If the victim was dragged slowly, his weight might lower him sufficiently to miss the barnacles, but this method would frequently result in his drowning. Keelhauling was legally permitted as a punishment in the Dutch Navy by a Dutch ordinance of 1560, and the practice was not formally abolished until 1853. Keelhauling has become strongly associated with pirate lore. The earliest known mention of keelhauling is from the Greeks in the Rhodian Maritime Code (Lex Rhodia), of circa 800 BC, which outlines punishment for piracy. It is also pictured on a Greek vase from the same era. The term still survives today, although usually in the sense of being over-punished or receiving extreme discipline for lightly violating the rules.

Answer 279

n. 1. A member of any of various Muslim ascetic orders, some of which perform whirling dances and vigorous chanting as acts of ecstatic devotion. 2. One that possesses abundant, often frenzied energy: "[She] is a dervish of unfocused energy, an accident about to happen" (Jane Gross). [Turkish derviş, mendicant, from Persian darvēš, from Middle Persian driyōš, needy one, one who lives in holy mendicancy, from Old Iranian (Avestan) drigu-; akin to Sanskrit adhriguḥ (a divine epithet of unknown but favorable meaning) : perhaps a-, not + \*dhrigu-, poor.]

Answer 280

Poignard, or poniard, (Fr.), refers to a long, lightweight thrusting knife with a continuously tapering, acutely pointed blade and crossguard, historically worn by the upper class, noblemen, or the knighthood. Similar in design to a parrying dagger, the poignard emerged during the Middle Ages and was used during the Renaissance in Western Europe, particularly in France, Switzerland, and Italy. Modern usage In modern French, the term poignard has come to be defined as synonymous with dague, the general term for "dagger", and in English the term poignard or poniard has gradually evolved into a term for any small, slender dagger.

Answer 281

The Manhattan Project was a research and development project that produced the first atomic bombs during World War II. It was led by the United States with the support of the United Kingdom and Canada. From 1942 to 1946, the project was under the direction of Major General Leslie Groves of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer was the scientific director of the Los Alamos National Laboratory that designed the actual bombs.

Answer 282

Neopythagoreanism (or Neo-Pythagoreanism) was a school of Hellenistic philosophy which revived Pythagorean doctrines. Neopythagoreanism was influenced by Middle Platonism and in turn influenced Neoplatonism. It originated in the 1st century BCE and flourished during the 1st and 2nd centuries CE. The 1911 Britannica describes Neopythagoreanism as "a link in the chain between the old and the new" within Hellenistic philosophy. As such, it contributed to the doctrine of monotheism as it emerged during Late Antiquity (among other things influencing early Christianity). Central to Neopythagorean thought was the concept of a soul and its inherent desire for a unio mystica with the divine. The word "Neopythagoreanism" is a modern (19th century) term, coined as a parallel of "Neoplatonism".

Answer 283

n. A knife with a handle at each end of the blade, used with a drawing motion to shave a surface. Also called drawshave.

Answer 284

(koif) n. 1. (also kwäf) A coiffure. 2. A tight-fitting cap worn under a veil, as by nuns. 3. A white skullcap formerly worn by English lawyers. 4. a. A hood of chain mail or other heavy material, usually worn under a helmet. b. A cervellière. tr. v. coifed, coif·ing, coifs 1. (also kwäf) To arrange or dress (the hair). 2. To cover with or as if with a coif.

Answer 285

adj. Bending or winding alternately from side to side; sinuous. [From Latin flexuōsus, from flexus, a bending, a turning, from past participle of flectere, to bend.] flex′u·os′i·ty (-ŏs′ĭ-tē) n. flex′u·ous·ly adv.

Answer 286

v. shrove (shrōv) or shrived, shriv·en (shrĭv′ən) or shrived, shriv·ing, shrives v. tr. 1. To hear the confession of and give absolution to (a penitent). 2. To obtain absolution for (oneself) by confessing and doing penance. v. intr. Archaic 1. To make or go to confession. 2. To hear confessions. [Middle English schriven, from Old English scrīfan, from Latin scrībere, to write; see skrībh- in Indo-European roots.] shriv′er n.

Answer 287

n 1. (Military) accommodation, esp for a soldier, in civilian lodgings 2. (Military) the official requisition for such lodgings 3. (Nautical Terms) a space or berth allocated, esp for slinging a hammock, in a ship 4. a job 5. a brief letter or document vb, -lets, -leting or -leted 6. (Military) (tr) to assign a lodging to (a soldier) 7. (tr) to assign to a post or job 8. to lodge or be lodged

Answer 288

(nŏn-plŭs′) tr. v. non·plussed, non·plus·sing, non·plus·ses also non·plused or non·plus·ing or non·plus·es 1. To put at a loss as to what to think, say, or do; bewilder. 2. Usage Problem To cause to feel indifferent or bored. n. A state of bewilderment or perplexity. [From Latin nōn plūs, no more : nōn, not; see plūs in Indo-European roots.] Usage Note: The verb nonplus, from the Latin phrase nōn plūs, "not more," is well established with the meaning "to surprise and bewilder." The verb and its participial adjective nonplussed often imply that the affected person is at a loss for words. This use of the word was acceptable to 90 percent of the Usage Panel in our 2013 survey in the sentence The scientists were completely nonplussed—the apparatus had not acted at all as they had expected. However, the word is frequently used to mean "to make indifferent, bore," as if the plus part of the word meant "to overcome with excitement." This usage is still controversial and should probably be avoided.

Answer 289

(ĕp′ə-thē′lē-əm) n. pl. ep·i·the·li·a (-lē-ə) or ep·i·the·li·ums Membranous tissue composed of one or more layers of cells separated by very little intercellular substance and forming the covering of most internal and external surfaces of the body and its organs. [New Latin epithēlium : epi- + Greek thēlē, nipple; see dhē(i)- in Indo-European roots.] ep′i·the′li·al adj.

Answer 290

n. A two-wheeled covered carriage with the driver's seat above and behind the passenger compartment. Also called hansom cab. [After Joseph Aloysius Hansom, (1803-1882), British architect.]

Answer 291

(bĭ-lē′gər) tr. v. be·lea·guered, be·lea·guer·ing, be·lea·guers 1. To harass; beset: We are beleaguered by problems. 2. To surround with troops; besiege: The enemy beleaguered the enclave. [Probably Dutch belegeren : be-, around (from Middle Dutch bie; see ambhi in Indo-European roots) + leger, camp; see legh- in Indo-European roots.] be·lea′guer·ment n.

Answer 292

(stärv′lĭng) n. One that is starving or being starved. adj. 1. Starving. 2. Poor in quality; inadequate.

Answer 293

n. A low, heavy cart without sides, used for haulage. tr. v. drayed, dray·ing, drays To haul by means of a dray. [Middle English draie, sledge, cart, from Old English dragan, to draw.]

Answer 294

(sī′klə-răm′ə, -rä′mə) n. 1. A large composite picture placed on the interior walls of a cylindrical room so as to appear in natural perspective to a spectator standing in the center of the room. 2. A large curtain or wall, usually concave, hung or placed at the rear of a stage. [cycl(o)- + (pan)orama.] cy′clo·ram′ic adj.

Answer 295

1. A fine or very thin thread or fiber: filaments of cloth; filaments of flax. 2. A slender or threadlike structure or part, especially: a. A fine wire that is heated electrically to produce light in an incandescent lamp. b. The stalk that bears the anther in the stamen of a flower. c. A chainlike series of cells, as in many algae. d. A long thin cellular structure characteristic of many fungi, usually having multiple nuclei and often divided by septa. e. Any of various long thin celestial objects or phenomena, such as a solar filament.

Answer 296

(kŏn′kôrd′, kŏng′-) n. 1. Harmony or agreement of interests or feelings; accord. 2. A treaty establishing peaceful relations. 3. Grammar Agreement between words in person, number, gender, or case. 4. Music A harmonious combination of simultaneously sounded tones. [Middle English concorde, from Old French, from Latin concordia, from concors, concord-, agreeing : com-, com- + cor, heart; see kerd- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 297

(no͝or′əs-thē′nē-ə, nyo͝or′-) n. A group of symptoms, including chronic physical and mental fatigue, weakness, and generalized aches and pains, usually considered a psychological disorder. It was formerly thought to result from exhaustion of the nervous system and is no longer in clinical use in many parts of the world. neu′ras·then′ic (-thĕn′ĭk) adj. & n. neu′ras·then′i·cal·ly adv.

Answer 298

(ĭn-yo͝or′) tr.v. in·ured, in·ur·ing, in·ures also en·ured or en·ur·ing or en·ures To habituate to something undesirable, especially by prolonged subjection; accustom: "Though the food became no more palatable, he soon became sufficiently inured to it" (John Barth). in·ure′ment n.

Answer 299

adj. Too apparent to be doubted; unquestionable. in·du′bi·ta·bly adv.

Answer 300

A small ravine, especially one cut by a torrent.

Answer 301

(hŭv′əl, hŏv′-) n. 1. A small, miserable dwelling. 2. An open, low shed. [Middle English, hut.]

Answer 302

n. 1. An armed attack, especially one made from a place surrounded by enemy forces. 2. A flight of a combat aircraft on a mission. intr.v. sor·tied, sor·tie·ing, sor·ties To go on a sortie. [French, from feminine past participle of sortir, to go out, from Old French.]

Answer 303

(ĕl′drĭch) adj. Strange or unearthly; eerie.

Answer 304

Hunting with dogs trained to chase game by sight instead of scent.

Answer 305

adj. 1. Green with vegetation; covered with green growth. 2. Green in hue. 3. Lacking experience or sophistication; naive. [French verdoyant, from Old French, present participle of verdoyer, to become green, from Vulgar Latin \*viridiāre, from Latin viridis.] ver′dan·cy n. ver′dant·ly adv.

Answer 306

n. A very small particle; a speck: "Dust motes hung in a slant of sunlight" (Anne Tyler).

Answer 307

adj. 1. Easy and pleasant to speak to; approachable. 2. Gentle and gracious: an affable smile. [Middle English affabil, from Old French affable, from Latin affābilis, from affārī, to speak to : ad-, ad- + fārī, to speak; see bhā- in Indo-European roots.] af′fa·bil′i·ty n. af′fa·bly adv.

Answer 308

The Magnus effect is the commonly observed effect in which a spinning ball (or cylinder) curves away from its principal flight path. It is important in many ball sports. It affects spinning missiles, and has some engineering uses, for instance in the design of rotor ships and Flettner aeroplanes.

Answer 309

n. 1. Either of two points on the celestial sphere at which the ecliptic intersects the celestial equator. 2. Either of the two times during a year when the sun crosses the celestial equator and when the length of day and night are approximately equal; the vernal equinox or the autumnal equinox. [Middle English, from Old French equinoxe, from Medieval Latin aequinoxium, from Latin aequinoctium : aequi-, equi- + nox, noct-, night; see nekw-t- in Indo-European roots.] Image: celestial sphere showing the positions of the autumnal and vernal equinoxes

Answer 310

(vĕn′yo͞ol, vēn′-) n. A small vein, especially one joining capillaries to larger veins. [Latin vēnula, diminutive of vēna, vein.] ven′u·lar (-yə-lər) adj.

Answer 311

(bŏd′ĭs) n. 1. The fitted part of a dress that extends from the waist to the shoulder. 2. A woman's laced outer garment, worn like a vest over a blouse.

Answer 312

\em-PIR-ee-uhl, -PAHY-ree-, em-puh-REE-uhl, -pahy-\ adjective 1. pertaining to the sky; celestial: empyreal blue. 2. pertaining to the highest heaven in the cosmology of the ancients. **Quotes** Outside, the even rows of white clouds folded like crests of waves on the empyreal blue. -- R. Clifton Spargo, Beautiful Fools: The Last Affair of Zelda and Scott Fitzgerald, 2013 **Origin** Empyreal derives from the Greek term empýrios meaning "fiery."

Answer 313

n. 1. The wing of a bird. 2. The outer rear edge of the wing of a bird, containing the primary feathers. 3. A primary feather of a bird. tr.v. pin·ioned, pin·ion·ing, pin·ions 1. a. To remove or bind the wing feathers of (a bird) to prevent flight. b. To cut or bind (the wings of a bird). 2. a. To restrain or immobilize (a person) by binding the arms. b. To bind (a person's arms). 3. To bind fast or hold down; shackle. [Middle English, from Old French pignon, from Vulgar Latin \*pinniō, pinniōn-, from Latin penna, pinna, feather; see pinna.] n. A small cogwheel that engages or is engaged by a larger cogwheel or a rack.

Answer 314

(sĭg′moid′) also sig·moi·dal (sĭg-moid′l) (from sigma) adj. 1. Having the shape of the letter S. 2. Of or relating to the sigmoid colon. [Greek sīgmoeidēs : sīgma, sigma; see sigma + -oeidēs, -oid.]

Answer 315

Abdul Alhazred is a fictional character created by American horror writer H. P. Lovecraft. He is the so-called "Mad Arab" credited with authoring the fictional book Kitab al-Azif (the Necronomicon), and as such is an integral part of Cthulhu Mythos lore.

Answer 316

(dē-lous′) ``` tr.v. de·loused, de·lous·ing, de·lous·es To rid (a person or an animal) of lice by physical or chemical means. ```

Answer 317

(kə-närd′) n. 1. An unfounded or false, deliberately misleading story. 2. a. A short winglike control surface projecting from the fuselage of an aircraft, such as a space shuttle, mounted forward of the main wing and serving as a horizontal stabilizer. b. An aircraft whose horizontal stabilizing surfaces are forward of the main wing.

Answer 318

(ə-sĭj′o͞o-əs) adj. Showing or characterized by persistent attention or untiring application: an assiduous worker who strove for perfection; did assiduous research before writing the book. See Synonyms at diligent. [From Latin assiduus, from assidēre, to attend to : ad-, ad- + sedēre, to sit; see sed- in Indo-European roots.] as·sid′u·ous·ly adv. as·sid′u·ous·ness n.

Answer 319

Robert Browning (1812 – 1889) was an English poet and playwright whose mastery of dramatic verse, and in particular the dramatic monologue, made him one of the foremost Victorian poets. His poems are known for their irony, characterization, dark humor, social commentary, historical settings, and challenging vocabulary and syntax. The speakers in his poems are often musicians or painters whose work functions as a metaphor for poetry. Browning's admirers have tended to temper their praise with reservations about the length and difficulty of his most ambitious poems, particularly The Ring and the Book. Nevertheless, they have included such eminent writers as Henry James, Oscar Wilde, George Bernard Shaw, G. K. Chesterton, Ezra Pound, Jorge Luis Borges, and Vladimir Nabokov. Among living writers, Stephen King's The Dark Tower series and A.S. Byatt's Possession make direct reference to Browning's work. Today Browning's most critically esteemed poems include the monologues Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came, Fra Lippo Lippi, Andrea Del Sarto, and My Last Duchess. His most popular poems include Porphyria's Lover, How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix, the diptychMeeting at Night, the patriotic Home Thoughts from Abroad, and the children's poem The Pied Piper of Hamelin. His abortive dinner-party recital of How They Brought The Good News was recorded on an Edison wax cylinder, and is believed to be the oldest surviving recording made in England of a notable person.

Answer 320

Francisco Goya (1746 – 1828) was a Spanish romantic painter and printmaker regarded both as the last of the Old Masters and the first of the moderns. Goya was court painter to the Spanish Crown; throughout the Peninsular War he remained in Madrid, where he painted the portrait of Joseph Bonaparte, pretender to the Spanish throne, and documented the war in the masterpiece of studied ambiguity known as the Desastres de la Guerra. Through his works he was both a commentator on and chronicler of his era. The subversive imaginative element in his art, as well as his bold handling of paint, provided a model for the work of artists of later generations, notably Édouard Manet, Pablo Picasso and Francis Bacon.

Answer 321

(ăs′trō-dī-năm′ĭks) n. (used with a sing. verb) The dynamics of natural and human-made bodies in outer space. as′tro·dy·nam′ic adj.

Answer 322

René Descartes (1596 – 1650) was a French philosopher, mathematician and writer who spent most of his life in the Dutch Republic. He has been dubbed the father of modern philosophy, and much subsequent Western philosophy is a response to his writings, which are studied closely to this day. In particular, his Meditations on First Philosophy continues to be a standard text at most university philosophy departments. Descartes' influence in mathematics is equally apparent; the Cartesian coordinate system — allowing reference to a point in space as a set of numbers, and allowing algebraic equations to be expressed as geometric shapes in a two-dimensional coordinate system (and conversely, shapes to be described as equations) — was named after him. He is credited as the father of analytical geometry, the bridge between algebra and geometry, crucial to the discovery of infinitesimal calculus and analysis. Descartes was also one of the key figures in the scientific revolution and has been described as an example of genius. He refused to accept the authority of previous philosophers, and refused to trust his own senses. Descartes frequently sets his views apart from those of his predecessors. In the opening section of the Passions of the Soul, a treatise on the early modern version of what are now commonly called emotions, Descartes goes so far as to assert that he will write on this topic "as if no one had written on these matters before". Many elements of his philosophy have precedents in late Aristotelianism, the revived Stoicism of the 16th century, or in earlier philosophers like Augustine. In his natural philosophy, he differs from the schools on two major points: First, he rejects the splitting of corporeal substance into matter and form; second, he rejects any appeal to final ends—divine or natural—in explaining natural phenomena.9 In his theology, he insists on the absolute freedom of God's act of creation. Descartes laid the foundation for 17th-century continental rationalism, later advocated by Baruch Spinoza and Gottfried Leibniz, and opposed by the empiricist school of thought consisting of Hobbes, Locke, Berkeley, and Hume. Leibniz, Spinoza and Descartes were all well versed in mathematics as well as philosophy, and Descartes and Leibniz contributed greatly to science as well. His best known philosophical statement is "Cogito ergo sum."

Answer 323

(mär-môr′ē-əl) also mar·mo·re·an (-ē-ən) adj. Resembling marble, as in smoothness, whiteness, or hardness. [From Latin marmoreus, from marmor, marble.] mar·mo′re·al·ly adv.

Answer 324

(văs′ə-lāt′) intr.v. vac·il·lat·ed, vac·il·lat·ing, vac·il·lates 1. To be unable to choose between different courses of action or opinions; waver: She vacillated about whether to leave. 2. To change between one state and another; fluctuate: The weather vacillated between sunny and rainy. 3. Archaic To sway from one side to the other. [Latin vacillāre, vacillāt-, to waver.] vac′il·lat′ing·ly adv. vac′il·la′tion n. vac′il·la′tor n.

Answer 325

(lĕv′ən) n. 1. An agent, such as yeast, that causes batter or dough to rise, especially by fermentation. 2. An element, influence, or agent that works subtly to lighten, enliven, or modify a whole. tr. v. leav·ened, leav·en·ing, leav·ens 1. To add a rising agent to. 2. To cause to rise, especially by fermentation. 3. To pervade with a lightening, enlivening, or modifying influence.

Answer 326

n 1. (Animals) a small Eurasian musteline mammal, Mustela erminea, closely related to the weasels, having a brown coat and a black-tipped tail: in the northern parts of its range it has a white winter coat and is then known as an ermine

Answer 327

Sir Peter Paul Rubens (1577 – 1640) was a Flemish Baroque painter. A proponent of an extravagant Baroque style that emphasized movement, colour, and sensuality, Rubens is well known for his Counter-Reformation altarpieces, portraits, landscapes, and history paintings of mythological and allegorical subjects. In addition to running a large studio in Antwerp that produced paintings popular with nobility and art collectors throughout Europe, Rubens was a classically educated humanist scholar and diplomat who was knighted by both Philip IV of Spain and Charles I of England.

Answer 328

(kē-är′ə-sko͝or′ō, -skyo͝or′ō) n. pl. chi·a·ro·scu·ros 1. The technique of using light and shade in pictorial representation. 2. The arrangement of light and dark elements in a pictorial work of art. 3. a. A woodcut technique in which several blocks are used to print different shades of a color. b. A woodcut print made by this technique. In all senses also called claire-obscure.

Answer 329

(tō′fĕt′, -fĭt) n. 1. In the Bible, a place outside Jerusalem where the Canaanites offered children as sacrifices to Moloch. 2. The place where wicked souls are punished after death; Hell. [Middle English, from Hebrew tōpet; see wtp in Semitic roots.]

Answer 330

(lär′dər) n. 1. A place, such as a pantry or cellar, where food is stored. 2. A supply of food.

Answer 331

1. The coexistence of opposing attitudes or feelings, such as love and hate, toward a person, object, or idea. 2. Uncertainty or indecisiveness as to which course to follow.

Answer 332

(frĭk′ə-tĭv) n. A consonant, such as f or s in English, produced by the forcing of breath through a constricted passage. Also called spirant. adj. Of, relating to, or being a fricative consonant. [New Latin fricātīvus, from Latin fricātus, past participle of fricāre, to rub.]

Answer 333

(lōm) n. 1. Soil composed of a mixture of sand, clay, silt, and organic matter. 2. A mixture of moist clay and sand, and often straw, used especially in making bricks and foundry molds. tr.v. loamed, loam·ing, loams To fill, cover, or coat with loam. [Middle English lam, lom, clay, from Old English lām; see lei- in Indo-European roots.] loam′y adj.

Answer 334

n. 1. Any of numerous parasitic flatworms, including the trematodes, some of which infect humans, and the monogeneans, which are chiefly ectoparasites of fish. 2. Any of various flatfishes chiefly of the genus Paralichthys, especially the summer flounder. n. 1. Nautical The triangular blade at the end of an arm of an anchor, designed to catch in the ground. 2. A barb or barbed head, as on an arrow or a harpoon. 3. Either of the two horizontally flattened divisions of the tail of a whale.

Answer 335

(ə-văst′) interj. Nautical Used as a command to stop or desist. [From Middle Dutch hou vast, hold fast : hou, houd, imperative of houden, to hold + vast, fast; see past- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 336

n. 1. a consonant sound, as (th), (v), or (h), characterized by audible friction produced by forcing the breath through a constricted or partially obstructed passage in the vocal tract. adj. 2. of or pertaining to a fricative.

Answer 337

(tāt′ə-tāt′, tĕt′ə-tĕt′) adv. & adj. Without the intrusion of a third person; in intimate privacy: talk tête-à-tête; a tête-à-tête supper. n. 1. A private conversation between two persons. 2. A sofa for two, especially an S-shaped one allowing the occupants to face each other. [French : tête, head (from Late Latin testa, skull; see teston) + à, to + tête, head.]

Answer 338

n. 1. Prosperity; happiness: in weal and woe. 2. The welfare of the community; the general good: the public weal. n. A ridge on the flesh raised by a blow; a welt.

Answer 339

adj. 1. Unequivocally detestable; loathsome: abominable treatment of prisoners. 2. Thoroughly unpleasant or disagreeable: abominable weather. [Middle English abhominable, from Old French, from Latin abōminābilis, from abōminārī, to abhor; see abominate.] a·bom′i·na·bly adv.

Answer 340

(ā′lə-rŏn′) n. Either of two movable flaps on the wings of an airplane that can be used to control the plane's rolling and banking movements.

Answer 341

n. Greek Mythology A monster with 100 heads, thrown by Zeus into Tartarus. Typhon was the most fearsome monster of Greek mythology. The last son of Gaia, fathered by Tartarus, Typhon was, with his mate Echidna, the father of many famous monsters.

Answer 342

or rag·ga·muf·fin (răg′ə-mŭf′ĭn) n. A shabbily clothed, dirty child. [Middle English Ragamuffyn, a personal name : probably raggi, ragged (from ragge, rag; see rag) + Middle Dutch moffel, muffe, mitten; see muff.]

Answer 343

also mask (măsk) n. 1. A dramatic entertainment, usually performed by masked players representing mythological or allegorical figures, that was popular in England in the 1500s and early 1600s. 2. A dramatic verse composition written for such an entertainment. 3. See masquerade. [French; see mask.]

Answer 344

(lăm′ə-nī′tĭs) n. Inflammation of the sensitive laminae of the hoof, especially in horses. Also called founder.

Answer 345

(jĭb′ĭt) n. 1. A device used for hanging a person until dead; a gallows. 2. An upright post with a crosspiece, forming a T-shaped structure from which executed criminals were formerly hung for public viewing. tr.v. gib·bet·ed, gib·bet·ing, gib·bets or gib·bet·ted or gib·bet·ting 1. To execute by hanging on a gibbet. 2. a. To hang on a gibbet for public viewing. b. To expose to infamy or public ridicule.

Answer 346

(ŏsh′o͞o-ĕr′ē, ŏs′yo͞o-) n. pl. os·su·ar·ies A container or receptacle, such as an urn or a vault, for holding the bones of the dead. [Late Latin ossuārium, from neuter of Latin ossuārius, of bones, from os, oss-, bone; see ost- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 347

Any of a family of smokeless explosive powders consisting chiefly of nitrocellulose, nitroglycerin, and petrolatum that have been dissolved in acetone,dried, and extruded in cords

Answer 348

n. 1. A person who demonstrates an exaggerated conformity or propriety, especially in an irritatingly arrogant or smug manner. 2. Archaic a. A petty thief or pickpocket. b. A conceited dandy; a fop. tr.v. prigged, prig·ging, prigs Chiefly British To steal or pilfer. [Origin unknown.] prig′ger·y n. prig′gish adj. prig′gish·ly adv. prig′gish·ness n.

Answer 349

(lĭ-brĕt′ō) n. pl. li·bret·tos or li·bret·ti (-brĕt′ē) 1. The text of a dramatic musical work such as an opera, including the lyrics to be sung and sometimes interpolated spoken passages. 2. A book containing such a text. [Italian, diminutive of libro, book, from Latin liber, libr-, inner bark of trees used as a writing material, book.]

Answer 350

(bĭ-strīd′) tr. v. be·strode (-strōd′), be·strid·den (-strĭd′n), be·strid·ing, be·strides 1. To sit or stand on with the legs astride; straddle. 2. To dominate by position; tower over: "Hitler's ghost, the specter that ... bestrides mid-twentieth-century history" (Economist). 3. Archaic To step or stride across. [Middle English bistriden, from Old English bestrīdan : be-, be- + strīdan, to mount a horse; see stride.]

Answer 351

(grĭp) n. See influenza. [French, from Old French, claw, quarrel, from gripper, to seize, grasp, from Frankish \*grīpan.] grip′py adj.

Answer 352

(out′rĭg′ər) n. 1. Nautical a. A projecting beam or spar run out from the side of a vessel to help in securing the masts or from a mast to be used in extending a rope or sail. b. A long thin float attached parallel to a seagoing canoe by projecting spars as a means of preventing it from capsizing. c. A vessel fitted with such a float or beam. d. A support for an oarlock projecting from the side of a racing shell. e. A racing shell fitted with such a support. 2. A projecting frame extending laterally beyond the main structure of a vehicle, aircraft, or machine to stabilize the structure or support an extending part.

Answer 353

(ĭ-lĭp′sĭs) n. pl. el·lip·ses (-sēz) 1. a. The omission of a word or phrase necessary for a complete syntactical construction but not necessary for understanding. b. An example of such omission. 2. A mark or series of marks ( ... or \* \* \* , for example) used in writing or printing to indicate an omission, especially of letters or words. [Latin ellīpsis, from Greek elleipsis, from elleipein, to fall short; see ellipse.]

Answer 354

Valentinianism is a Gnostic Christian movement that was founded by Valentinus in the second century AD. Valentinianism was one of the major Gnostic movements. Its influence was extremely widespread, not just within Rome, but also from Egypt through Asia Minor and Syria in the east, and Northwest Africa. Valentinians believed that at the beginning there was a Pleroma (literally, a 'fullness'). At the centre of the Pleroma was the primal Father or Bythos, the beginning of all things who, after ages of silence and contemplation, projected thirty Aeons, heavenly archetypes representing fifteen syzygies or sexually complementary pairs. Among them was Sophia. Sophia’s weakness, curiosity and passion led to her fall from the Pleroma and the creation of the world and man, both of which are flawed. Valentinians identified the God of the Old Testament as the Demiurge, the imperfect creator of the material world. Man, the highest being in this material world, participates in both the spiritual and the material nature. The work of redemption consists in freeing the former from the latter. One needed to recognize the Father, the depth of all being, as the true source of divine power in order to achieve gnosis (knowledge). The Valentinians believed that the attainment of this knowledge by the human individual had positive consequences within the universal order and contributed to restoring that order, and that gnosis, not faith, was the key to salvation. Clement wrote that the Valentinians regarded Catholic Christians “as simple people to whom they attributed faith, while they think that gnosis is in themselves. Through the excellent seed that is to be found in them, they are by nature redeemed, and their gnosis is as far removed from faith as the spiritual from the physical”.

Answer 355

n. Any of various organic compounds that are usually basic and contain at least one nitrogen atom in a heterocyclic ring, occurring chiefly in flowering plants. Many alkaloids, such as nicotine, quinine, cocaine, and morphine, are known for their poisonous or medicinal attributes. al′ka·loi′dal (-loid′l) adj. Alkaloids are a group of naturally occurring chemical compounds that contain mostly basic nitrogen atoms. In addition to carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen, alkaloids may also contain oxygen, sulfur and more rarely other elements such as chlorine, bromine, and phosphorus. Alkaloids are produced by a large variety of organisms including bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. They can be purified from crude extracts of these organisms by acid-base extraction. Alkaloids have a wide range of pharmacological activities including antimalarial (e.g. quinine), antiasthma (e.g. ephedrine), anticancer (e.g. homoharringtonine), cholinomimetic (e.g. galantamine), vasodilatory (e.g. vincamine), antiarrhythmic (e.g. quinidine), analgesic (e.g. morphine), antibacterial (e.g. chelerythrine), and antihyperglycemic activities (e.g. piperine). Many have found use in traditional or modern medicine, or as starting points for drug discovery. Other alkaloids possess psychotropic (e.g. psilocin) and stimulant activities (e.g. cocaine, caffeine, nicotine), and have been used in entheogenic rituals or as recreational drugs. Alkaloids can be toxic too (e.g. atropine, tubocurarine). Although alkaloids act on a diversity of metabolic systems in humans and other animals, they almost uniformly invoke a bitter taste. Image: The first individual alkaloid, morphine, was isolated in 1804 from the opium poppy

Answer 356

(ĭ-bo͝ol′yənt, ĭ-bŭl′-) adj. 1. Zestfully enthusiastic. 2. Boiling or seeming to boil; bubbling. [Latin ēbulliēns, ēbullient-, present participle of ēbullīre, to bubble up : ē-, ex-, up, out; see ex- + bullīre, to bubble, boil.] e·bul′lient·ly adv. Usage Note: Traditionally, ebullient is pronounced (ĭ-bŭl′yənt), with a short u in the second syllable, as in gull. This is apparently still the preferred pronunciation in British English. In American English, the pronunciation (ĭ-bo͝ol′yənt), with the second syllable like bull, is now equally common.

Answer 357

(ī′ə-nīz′) tr. & intr.v. i·on·ized, i·on·iz·ing, i·on·iz·es To convert or be converted totally or partially into ions. i′on·i′za·ble adj. i′on·iz′er n.

Answer 358

1. An establishment where metal objects are made by melting metal and pouring it into molds. 2. a. The skill or operation of founding. b. The castings made by founding.

Answer 359

n. pl. pro·cliv·i·ties A natural propensity or inclination; a predisposition: a proclivity for exaggeration; a proclivity to complain. [Latin prōclīvitās, from prōclīvis, inclined : prō-, forward; see clīvus in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 360

prior n. 1. A monastic officer in charge of a priory or ranking next below the abbot of an abbey. 2. One of the ruling magistrates of the medieval Italian republic of Florence. pri′or·ate (-ĭt), pri′or·ship′ (-shĭp′) n. * * * prioress (prī′ər-ĭs) n. A nun in charge of a priory or ranking next below the abbess of an abbey. * * * priory n. pl. pri·or·ies monastery governed by a prior or a convent governed by a prioress.

Answer 361

also mor·tice (môr′tĭs) n. 1. A usually rectangular cavity in a piece of wood, stone, or other material, prepared to receive a tenon and thus form a joint. 2. Printing A hole cut in a plate for insertion of type. tr. v. mor·tised, mor·tis·ing, mor·tis·es also mor·ticed or mor·tic·ing or mor·tic·es 1. To join or fasten securely, as with a mortise and tenon. 2. To make a mortise in. 3. Printing a. To cut a hole in (a plate) for the insertion of type. b. To cut such a hole and insert (type). [Middle English mortaise, from Old French, perhaps from Arabic murtazz, fastened, from irtazza, to be fixed (in place), derived stem of razza, to fix, insert; see rzz in Semitic roots.] Image: mortise-and-tenon joint

Answer 362

n. A cross shaped like a T with a loop at the top, especially as used in ancient Egypt as a symbol of life. Also called ansate cross. [Egyptian 'nḫ, life.] It represents the concept of eternal life, which is the general meaning of the symbol. The Egyptian gods are often portrayed carrying it by its loop, or bearing one in each hand, arms crossed over their chest. The ankh appears in hand or in proximity of almost every deity in the Egyptian pantheon (including Pharaohs). Thus it is fairly and widely understood as a symbol of early religious pluralism: all sects believed in a common story of eternal life, and this is the literal meaning of the symbol. This rationale contributed to the adoption of the ankh by New Age mysticism in the 1960s, to mean essentially the same tolerance of diversity of belief and common ethics as in Ancient Egypt.

Answer 363

(rät′skĕl′ər, răt′-, răth′-) n. A restaurant or tavern, usually below street level, that serves beer. [German Ratskeller, Rathskeller, restaurant in the city hall basement : German Rat, council, counsel (from Middle High German rāt, from Old High German; see ar- in Indo-European roots) + German Keller, cellar (from Middle High German, from Old High German kellāri, from Latin cellārium; see cellar).]

Answer 364

n. 1. a. Any of various deciduous trees of the genus Fagus having smooth gray bark, alternate simple leaves, and three-sided nuts enclosed in prickly burs, including F. sylvatica of Europe and its many cultivated forms, and F. grandifolia of eastern North America. b. The wood of any of these trees, used for flooring, containers, plywood, and tool handles. 2. See southern beech.

Answer 365

adj. 1. Showing or acting with careful attention to detail: a fastidious scholar; fastidious research. 2. Difficult to please; exacting: "The club is also becoming far more fastidious about what constitutes a breed standard" (Janet Burroway). 3. Excessively scrupulous or sensitive, as in taste, propriety, or neatness: "He was a fastidious man who hated to dirty his hands, in particular with food" (Michael Chabon). See Synonyms at meticulous. 4. Microbiology Having complex nutritional requirements. [Middle English, squeamish, particular, haughty, from Old French fastidieux, from Latin fastīdiōsus, from fastīdium, squeamishness, haughtiness, probably from fastus, disdain.] fas·tid′i·ous·ly adv. fas·tid′i·ous·ness n.

Answer 366

(vwär dîr′) n. The formal examination of a prospective juror under oath to determine suitability for jury service or of a prospective witness under oath to determine competence to give testimony. tr.v. voir dired, voir dir·ing, voir dires To conduct a voir dire of: voir dired the witness. [Anglo-Norman, to speak the truth : Latin vērus, true; see wērə-o- in Indo-European roots + Latin dīcere, to say; see deik- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 367

(tōm) n. 1. One of the books in a work of several volumes. 2. A book, especially a large or scholarly one.

Answer 368

(dĭ-mān′, -mēn′) n. 1. Law Possession and use of one's own land. 2. Manorial land retained for the private use of a feudal lord. 3. The grounds belonging to a mansion or country house. 4. An extensive piece of landed property; an estate. 5. A district; a territory. 6. A realm; a domain.

Answer 369

also fête (fāt, fĕt) n. 1. A festival or feast. 2. a. An elaborate, often outdoor entertainment. b. An elaborate party. tr. v. fet·ed, fet·ing, fetes also fêt·ed or fêt·ing or fêtes 1. To celebrate or honor with a festival, a feast, or an elaborate entertainment. 2. To pay honor to. [French fête, from Old French feste; see feast.]

Answer 370

(īd′l) n. 1. a. A short poem or prose piece depicting a rural or pastoral scene, usually in idealized terms. b. A narrative poem treating an epic or romantic theme. 2. A scene or event of a simple and tranquil nature. 3. a. A carefree episode or experience: a summer idyll on the coast of France. b. A romantic interlude.

Answer 371

(pĕn′ənt) n. 1. Nautical A long, tapering, usually triangular flag, used on ships for signaling or identification. 2. A flag or an emblem similar in shape to a ship's pennant. 3. Sports a. A flag that symbolizes the championship of a league, especially a professional baseball league. b. The championship symbolized by such a flag. [Blend of pendant and pennon.]

Answer 372

Houngan is the term for a male priest in Haitian Vodou (a female priest is known as a mambo). The term is derived from the Fon word "hùn gan". There are two ranks of houngan: houngan asogwe (high priest) and houngan sur pwen (junior priest). A houngan asogwe is the highest member of clergy in voodoo and the only one with authority to ordain other priests. It is the houngan's role to preserve the rituals and songs and maintain the relationship between the spirits and the community as a whole (though some of this is the responsibility of the whole community as well). They are entrusted with leading the service of all of the spirits of their lineage. Sometimes they may also be bokor (sorcerers).

Answer 373

Keter also known as Kether, is the topmost of the Sephirot of the Tree of Life in Kabbalah. Since its meaning is "crown", it is interpreted as both the "topmost" of the Sephirot and the "regal crown" of the Sephirot. It is between Chokmah and Binah (with Chokmah on the right and Binah in the left) and it sits above Tiphereth. It is usually given three paths, to Chokmah, Tiphereth, and Binah. Keter is so sublime, it is called in the Zohar "the most hidden of all hidden things", and is completely incomprehensible to man. It is also described as absolute compassion, and Rabbi Moshe Cordovero describes it as the source of the 13 Supernal Attributes of Mercy. Keter is invisible, colorless.

Answer 374

n. pl. es·tu·ar·ies 1. The part of the wide lower course of a river where its current is met by the tides. 2. An arm of the sea that extends inland to meet the mouth of a river. [Latin aestuārium, from aestus, tide, surge, heat.] es′tu·ar′i·al (-âr′ē-əl) adj.

Answer 375

tar baby n. 1. A inextricable situation or difficult and pressing problem that often grows worse as one tries to deal with it. 2. Offensive Slang Used as a disparaging term for a black person, especially a dark-skinned black child. [After "Brer Rabbit and the Tar Baby," an Uncle Remus story by Joel Chandler Harris in which Brer Fox makes a doll out of tar and Brer Rabbit gets stuck in it when he punches it after it does not return his greeting.]

Answer 376

n. A loud, harsh cry. intr.v. squalled, squall·ing, squalls To scream or cry loudly and harshly. n. 1. A brief sudden violent windstorm, often accompanied by rain or snow. 2. Informal A brief commotion. intr.v. squalled, squall·ing, squalls To blow strongly for a brief period.

Answer 377

A woman prostitute, especially one whose clients are members of a royal court or men of high social standing.

Answer 378

(hĭs′trē-ŏn′ĭk) also his·tri·on·i·cal (-ĭ-kəl) adj. 1. Of or relating to actors or acting. 2. Excessively dramatic or emotional; affected. [Late Latin histriōnicus, from Latin histriō, histriōn-, actor, probably of Etruscan origin.] his′tri·on′i·cal·ly adv.

Answer 379

A pellet of hail.

Answer 380

Alfred Rupert Sheldrake is an English author, public speaker, and researcher in the field of parapsychology, known for his "morphic resonance" concept. He worked as a biochemist and cell biologist at Cambridge University from 1967 to 1973 and as principal plant physiologist at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics until 1978. Sheldrake's morphic resonance posits that "memory is inherent in nature" and that "natural systems, such as termite colonies, or pigeons, or orchid plants, or insulin molecules, inherit a collective memory from all previous things of their kind". Sheldrake proposes that it is also responsible for "telepathy-type interconnections between organisms". His advocacy of the idea encompasses paranormal subjects such as precognition, telepathy and the psychic staring effect as well as unconventional explanations of standard subjects in biology such as development, inheritance, and memory. Morphic resonance is not accepted by the scientific community as a real phenomenon and Sheldrake's proposals relating to it have been characterized as pseudoscience. Critics cite a lack of evidence for morphic resonance and an inconsistency of the idea with data from genetics and embryology, and also express concern that popular attention from Sheldrake's books and public appearances undermines the public's understanding of science.

Answer 381

v. su·per·cooled, su·per·cool·ing, su·per·cools v.tr. To cool (a substance) below a phase-transition temperature without the transition occurring; for example, to cool a gas below the boiling point without condensation or to cool a liquid below the freezing point without solidification. v.intr. To become supercooled.

Answer 382

n. 1. Judaism The innermost shrine of a tabernacle and temple; the holy of holies. 2. An inviolably private place: The clubhouse was their sanctum sanctorum. [Late Latin sānctum sānctōrum (translation of Greek to hagion tōn hagiōn, translation of Hebrew qōdeš haqqodāšîm) : sānctum, holy place + sānctōrum, genitive pl. of sānctum, holy place.]

Answer 383

(ĕn-dôr′fĭn) n. Any of a group of peptide hormones that bind to opioid receptors and act as neurotransmitters. Endorphins reduce the sensation of pain and affect emotions. [endo(genous) + (mo)rphin(e).]

Answer 384

(pär′və-no͞o′, -nyo͞o′) n. A person who has suddenly risen to a higher social and economic class and has not yet gained social acceptance by others in that class. par′ve·nu′ adj.

Answer 385

n. 1. Nautical a. A heavy, unwieldy ship. b. The hull of an old, unseaworthy, or wrecked ship. c. often hulks An old or unseaworthy ship used as a prison or warehouse. 2. One, such as a person or object, that is bulky, clumsy, or unwieldy. 3. A wrecked or abandoned shell of a usually large object, such as a building or vehicle. intr. v. hulked, hulk·ing, hulks 1. To appear as a massive or towering form; loom: The big truck hulked out of the fog. 2. To move clumsily. [Middle English, from Old English hulc, from Medieval Latin hulcus, probably from Greek holkas, ship that is towed, merchant ship, from holkos, machine for hauling ships, from helkein, to pull.]

Answer 386

an indirect suggestion; "not a breath of scandal ever touched her" Synonyms: hint, breath

Answer 387

(ĭn-skro͞o′tə-bəl) adj. Difficult to understand or interpret; impenetrable: "that little creature, whose innocent life had sprung, by the inscrutable decree of Providence ... out of the rank luxuriance of a guilty passion" (Nathaniel Hawthorne). [Middle English, from Old French, from Late Latin īnscrūtābilis : in-, not; see in- + scrūtārī, to scrutinize; see scrutiny.] in·scru′ta·bil′i·ty n. in·scru′ta·bly adv.

Answer 388

1. A speech form or an expression of a given language that is peculiar to itself grammatically or cannot be understood from the individual meanings of its elements, as in keep tabs on. 2. The specific grammatical, syntactic, and structural character of a given language. 3. Regional speech or dialect. 4. A specialized vocabulary used by a group of people; jargon: legal idiom. 5. A style of artistic expression characteristic of a particular individual, school, period, or medium: the idiom of the French impressionists; the punk rock idiom.

Answer 389

(lo͞o′tē-ər) n. One that makes or repairs stringed instruments, such as violins. [French, from luth, lute, from Old French lut; see lute.]

Answer 390

Rienzi, der Letzte der Tribunen (Rienzi, the Last of the Tribunes; WWV 49) is an early opera by Richard Wagner in five acts, with the libretto written by the composer after Bulwer-Lytton's novel of the same name (1835). The title is commonly shortened to Rienzi. The opera is set in Rome and is based on the life of Cola di Rienzi (1313–1354), a late medieval Italian populist figure who succeeds in outwitting and then defeating the nobles and their followers and in raising the power of the people. Magnanimous at first, he is forced by events to crush the nobles' rebellion against the people's power, but popular opinion changes and even the Church, which had urged him to assert himself, turns against him. In the end the populace burns the Capitol, in which Rienzi and a few adherents have made a last stand.

Answer 391

Ganesha (/ɡəˈneɪʃə/; Sanskrit: गणेश, Gaṇeśa), also known as Ganapati and Vinayaka, is one of the best-known and most worshipped deities in the Hindu pantheon. His image is found throughout India, Sri Lanka, and Nepal. Hindu sects worship him regardless of affiliations. Devotion to Ganesha is widely diffused and extends to Jains, Buddhists, and beyond India. Although he is known by many attributes, Ganesha's elephant head makes him easy to identify. Ganesha is widely revered as the remover of obstacles, the patron of arts and sciences and the deva of intellect and wisdom. As the god of beginnings, he is honoured at the start of rituals and ceremonies. Ganesha is also invoked as patron of letters and learning during writing sessions. Several texts relate mythological anecdotes associated with his birth and exploits and explain his distinct iconography.

Answer 392

adj. 1. a. Pleasing to the ear; melodious. b. Having a soothing, agreeable quality. 2. Archaic Sweet to the taste. [Alteration (influenced by Latin dulcis) of Middle English doucet, from Old French, diminutive of douce, feminine of doux, sweet, from Latin dulcis.] dul′cet·ly adv.

Answer 393

(vär′mĭnt) n. Informal One that is considered undesirable, obnoxious, or troublesome. [Variant of vermin.]

Answer 394

(ē′kwə-poiz′, ĕk′wə-) n. 1. Equality in distribution, as of weight, relationship, or emotional forces; equilibrium. 2. A counterpoise; a counterbalance.

Answer 395

The Trisagion (Greek: "Thrice Holy"), sometimes called by its opening line Agios O Theos, is a standard hymn of the Divine Liturgy in most of the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox and Eastern Catholic churches. The Latin name Tersanctus or Ter Sanctus is sometimes used to refer to this hymn, although this name is also sometimes used to refer to the Sanctus; it is the latter, a different formula, which is used in Western Christianity in the Mass. In churches which use the Byzantine Rite, the Trisagion is chanted immediately before the Prokeimenon and the Epistle reading. It is also included in a set of prayers named for it, called the Trisagion Prayers, which forms part of numerous services (the Hours, Vespers, Matins, and as part of the opening prayers for most services). It is popular also in the Latin Church, where it is a part of the supplication, the chaplet of divine mercy and other prayers.

Answer 396

(ăt′ə-vĭz′əm) n. 1. The reappearance of a characteristic in an organism after several generations of absence. 2. An individual or a part that exhibits atavism. Also called throwback. 3. The return of a trait or recurrence of previous behavior after a period of absence. atavist, atavistic

Answer 397

lə-kŏn′ĭk Using or involving the use of a minimum of words : concise to the point of seeming rude or mysterious

Answer 398

(lĭm) tr. v. limned, limn·ing (lĭm′nĭng), limns 1. To describe or depict by painting or drawing. 2. To suffuse or highlight with light or color; illuminate: "There was just enough juice left in Merrill's flashlight to limn the outlines: A round lobe here. Another lobe over there" (Hampton Sides). 3. To describe or portray in words. limn′er (lĭm′nər) n. Synonyms: delineate, outline

Answer 399

(vĭt′rē-əs) adj. 1. Of, relating to, resembling, or having the nature of glass; glassy. 2. Obtained or made from glass. 3. Of or relating to the vitreous humor. n. The vitreous humor. [From Latin vitreus, from vitrum, glass.] vit′re·os′i·ty (-ŏs′ĭ-tē), vit′re·ous·ness (-əs-nĭs) n.

Answer 400

(pĕd′nt) n. 1. One who ostentatiously exhibits academic knowledge or who pays undue attention to minor details or formal rules. 2. Obsolete A schoolmaster. [French pédant or Italian pedante (French, from Italian), possibly from Vulgar Latin \*paedēns, \*paedent-, present participle of \*paedere, to instruct, probably from Greek paideuein, from pais, paid-, child; see pedo-.]

Answer 401

(ăn′tĭ-kwâr′ē-ən) n. One who studies, collects, or deals in antiquities. adj. 1. Of or relating to antiquarians or to the study or collecting of antiquities. 2. Dealing in or having to do with old or rare books. an′ti·quar′i·an·ism n.

Answer 402

(ə-lĕm′bĭk) n. 1. An apparatus consisting of two vessels connected by a tube, formerly used for distilling liquids. 2. A device that purifies or alters by a process comparable to distillation. [Middle English alambic, from Old French, from Medieval Latin alembicus, from Arabic al-'anbīq : al-, the + 'anbīq, still (from Greek ambix, cup).]

Answer 403

n. pl. nar·co·ses (-sēz) A condition of deep stupor or unconsciousness produced by a drug or other chemical substance. [New Latin narcōsis, from Greek narkōsis, a numbing, from narkoun, to benumb, from narkē, numbness.]

Answer 404

(thŏn′ĭk) also chtho·ni·an (thō′nē-ən) adj. Greek Mythology Of or relating to the underworld.

Answer 405

n. often trade winds Any of a consistent system of prevailing winds occupying most of the tropics, constituting the major component of the general circulation of the atmosphere, and blowing northeasterly in the Northern Hemisphere and southeasterly in the Southern Hemisphere. Image: As warm, moist air rises along the equator, surface air moves in to take its place, creating trade winds.

Answer 406

also patwa (păt′wä′, pă-twä′) n. pl. pat·ois (păt′wäz′, pă-twä′) 1. a. A regional dialect, especially one without a literary tradition. b. Nonstandard speech. 2. The special jargon of a group; cant. [French, from Old French, incomprehensible or crude speech, local dialect, from patoier, to gesticulate (like one unable to speak), speak crudely, from pate, paw, from Vulgar Latin \*patta, probably originally imitative of the sound of one object striking another, such as the footfall of an animal.]

Answer 407

v. ges·tic·u·lat·ed, ges·tic·u·lat·ing, ges·tic·u·lates v.intr. To make gestures especially while speaking, as for emphasis. v.tr. To say or express by gestures. ges·tic′u·la′tive adj. ges·tic′u·la′tor n. ges·tic′u·la·to′ry (-lə-tôr′ē)

Answer 408

adj. 1. a. Warm and sincere; friendly: a cordial welcome; very cordial relations. b. Polite and respectful; formally pleasant: "He shook my hand, but not warmly; he was cordial, but not amiable" (Oliver Sacks). 2. Strongly felt; fervent: a cordial abhorrence of waste. 3. Archaic Invigorating; stimulating. Used especially of a beverage. n. 1. A liqueur. 2. An invigorating or medicinal drink; a tonic. [Middle English, of the heart, from Medieval Latin cordiālis, from Latin cor, cord-, heart; see kerd- in Indo-European roots.] cor·dial′i·ty (-jăl′ĭ-tē, -jē-ăl′-, -dē-ăl′-), cor′dial·ness n. cor′dial·ly adv.

Answer 409

ignominy (ĭg′nə-mĭn′ē, -mə-nē) n. pl. ig·no·min·ies 1. Great personal dishonor or humiliation: a military adventure that ended in ignominy. 2. An instance or source of this: had suffered many ignominies because of his insensitivity. * * * ignominious (ĭg′nə-mĭn′ē-əs) adj. 1. Characterized by or deserving shame or disgrace: "It was an ignominious end ... as a desperate mutiny by a handful of soldiers blossomed into full-scale revolt" (Harry Anderson). 2. Degrading; debasing: "The young people huddled with their sodden gritty towels and ignominious goosebumps inside the gray-shingled bathhouse" (John Updike). ig′no·min′i·ous·ly adv. ig′no·min′i·ous·ness n.

Answer 410

n 1. (Dyeing) a. a process of printing fabric in which parts not to be dyed are covered by wax b. fabric printed in this way c. (as modifier): a batik shirt.

Answer 411

Edward George Earle Lytton Bulwer-Lytton, 1st Baron Lytton PC (1803 – 1873), was an English novelist, poet, playwright, and politician. He was immensely popular with the reading public and wrote a stream of bestselling novels which earned him a considerable fortune. He coined the phrases "the great unwashed", "pursuit of the almighty dollar", "the pen is mightier than the sword", as well as the infamous opening line "It was a dark and stormy night". Also the writers of theosophy were influenced by his work. Annie Besant and especially Helena Blavatsky incorporated his thoughts and ideas from particularly The Last Days of Pompeii, Vril, the Power of the Coming Race and Zanoni inher own books.

Answer 412

(pŏl′ə-fē′məs) n. A large North American silkworm moth (Antheraea polyphemus) having an eyelike spot on each hind wing.

Answer 413

(dō′tĭj) n. A deterioration of mental faculties associated with aging.

Answer 414

(ə-zāl′yə) n. Any of various shrubs of the genus Rhododendron in the heath family, having showy, variously colored flowers. [Greek azaleā, from feminine of azaleos, dry (so called because it grows in dry soil or from the texture of its wood); see as- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 415

(gôr′gən) n. 1. Greek Mythology Any of the three sisters Stheno, Euryale, and the mortal Medusa who had snakes for hair and eyes that if looked into turned the beholder into stone. 2. gorgon A woman regarded as ugly or terrifying.

Answer 416

n. pl. so·lil·o·quies 1. a. A dramatic or literary form of discourse in which a character talks to himself or herself or reveals his or her thoughts when alone or unaware of the presence of other characters. b. A specific speech or piece of writing in this form. 2. The act of speaking to oneself. [Late Latin sōliloquium : Latin sōlus, alone; see s(w)e- in Indo-European roots + Latin loquī, to speak; see tolkw- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 417

(shēn-yŏn′, shēn′yŏn′) n. A roll or knot of hair worn at the back of the head or especially at the nape of the neck. [French, from Old French chaignon, chain, collar, nape, from Vulgar Latin \*catēniō, from Latin catēna, chain.]

Answer 418

(yo͞o′kə-lĭp′təs) also eu·ca·lypt (yo͞o′kə-lĭpt′) n. pl. eu·ca·lyp·tus·es or eu·ca·lyp·ti (-tī′) also eu·ca·lypts Any of numerous trees of the genus Eucalyptus, native chiefly to Australia and widely planted worldwide, having aromatic leaves and valued as a source of oil, gum, and wood.

Answer 419

(lə-mĕnt′) v. la·ment·ed, la·ment·ing, la·ments v. tr. 1. To express grief for or about; mourn: lament a death. 2. To regret deeply; deplore: He lamented his thoughtless acts. v. intr. 1. To grieve audibly; wail. 2. To express sorrow or regret. See Synonyms at grieve. n. 1. A feeling or expression of grief; a lamentation. 2. A song or poem expressing deep grief or mourning. [Middle English lementen, from Old French lamenter, from Latin lāmentārī, from lāmentum, lament.] la·ment′er n.

Answer 420

(ĕn′ər-vāt′) tr. v. en·er·vat·ed, en·er·vat·ing, en·er·vates 1. To weaken or destroy the strength or vitality of: "the luxury which enervates and destroys nations" (Henry David Thoreau). 2. Medicine To remove a nerve or part of a nerve. adj. (ĭ-nûr′vĭt) Deprived of strength; debilitated.

Answer 421

(tĭm′ər-əs) adj. Full of apprehensiveness; timid. [Middle English, from Old French timoureus, from Medieval Latin timōrōsus, from Latin timor, timōr-, fear, from timēre, to fear.] tim′or·ous·ly adv. tim′or·ous·ness n.

Answer 422

(hăr′ĭ-dn) A woman regarded as critical and scolding.

Answer 423

(ə-krô′stĭk, ə-krŏs′tĭk) n. 1. A poem or series of lines in which certain letters, usually the first in each line, form a name, motto, or message when read in sequence. 2. See word square. [French acrostiche, from Old French, from Greek akrostikhis : akron, head, end; see stikhos in Indo-European roots.] a·cros′tic adj.

Answer 424

Binah (meaning "Understanding"), is the second intellectual sephira on the kabbalistic Tree of Life. It sits on the level below Keter (in the formulations that include that sephirah), across from Chokmah and directly above Gevurah. It is usually given four paths: to Keter, Chockmah, Gevurah, and Tiphereth (some Kabbalists place a path from Binah to Chesed as well.) In an anthropomorphic visualization (in which the sephira are reversed, as if one is standing inside the tree, looking out) it may be related to the "left eye", "left hemisphere of the brain" or the "heart." Binah is associated with the color green.

Answer 425

(pō′stərn, pŏs′tərn) n. A small rear gate, especially one in a fort or castle. adj. Situated in the back or at the side. [Middle English posterne, from Old French, alteration of posterle, from Late Latin posterula, diminutive of Latin posterus, behind; see posterior.]

Answer 426

n. Slang A remarkable person, object, or idea.

Answer 427

(fōk′səl, fôr′kăs′əl) also fo'c's'le (fōk′səl) n. 1. The section of the upper deck of a ship located at the bow forward of the foremast. 2. A superstructure at the bow of a merchant ship where the crew is housed. See Usage Note at boatswain. [Middle English forecastel : fore-, fore- + castel, fortification; see castle.]

Answer 428

1. Of or relating to a church, especially as an organized institution. 2. Appropriate to a church or to in a church: ecclesiastical architecture; ecclesiastical robes.

Answer 429

n. 1. a. A wind with a speed of from 34 to 40 knots (39 to 46 miles per hour; 63 to 74 kilometers per hour), according to the Beaufort scale. Also called fresh gale. b. A storm at sea. 2. often gales A forceful outburst: gales of laughter.

Answer 430

Darśana (also Darśan or Darshan; Sanskrit: दर्शन) is a term meaning "auspicious sight" (in the sense of an instance of seeing or beholding and being seen or beheld at the same time; from a root dṛś "to see"), vision, apparition, or glimpse. It is most commonly used for theophany, "manifestation / visions of the divine" in Hindu worship, e.g. of a deity (especially in image form), or a very holy person or artifact. One could also "receive" darshana or a glimpse of the deity in the temple, or from a great saintly person, such as a great guru. In the sense "to see with reverence and devotion," the term translates to hierophany, and could refer either to a vision of the divine or to being in the presence of a highly revered person. In this sense it may assume a meaning closer to audience. "By doing darshan properly a devotee develops affection for God, and God develops affection for that devotee." Darshan is ultimately difficult to define, since it is an event in consciousness—an interaction in presence between devotee and God/guru; or between devotee and image or sculpture, which focuses and calls out the consciousness of the devotee. In either event, a heightening of consciousness or spirituality is the intended effect.

Answer 431

(sĕp′əl-kər) n. 1. A burial vault. 2. A receptacle for sacred relics, especially in an altar. tr.v. sep·ul·chered, sep·ul·cher·ing, sep·ul·chers To place into a sepulcher; inter. [Middle English sepulcre, from Old French, from Latin sepulcrum, sepulchrum, from sepultus, past participle of sepelīre, to bury the dead.]

Answer 432

1. A predatory attack; a raid. 2. Damage or loss; ravage: "[Carnegie Hall has] withstood the wear and tear of enthusiastic music lovers and the normal depredations of time"(Mechanical Engineering).

Answer 433

Leon Trotsky (Russian: pronounced [ˈlʲɛf ˈtrotskʲɪj]; born Lev Davidovich Bronshtein; 1879 – 1940) was a Marxist revolutionary and theorist, Soviet politician, and the founder and first leader of the Red Army. Trotsky initially supported the Menshevik Internationalists faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party. He joined the Bolsheviks immediately prior to the 1917 October Revolution, and eventually became a leader within the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (bolsheviks). He was one of the seven members of the first legendary Politburo, founded in 1917 in order to manage the Bolshevik Revolution: Lenin, Zinoviev, Kamenev, Trotsky, Stalin, Sokolnikov and Bubnov. During the early days of the RSFSR and the Soviet Union, he served first as People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs and later as the founder and commander of the Red Army with the title of People's Commissar of Military and Naval Affairs. He was a major figure in the Bolshevik victory in the Russian Civil War (1918–1923). He also became one of the first members (1919–1926) of the Politburo. After leading a failed struggle of the Left Opposition against the policies and rise of Joseph Stalin in the 1920s and against the increasing role of bureaucracy in the Soviet Union, Trotsky was removed from power (October 1927), expelled from the Communist Party (November 1927), and finally exiled from the Soviet Union in 1929. As the head of the Fourth International, Trotsky continued in exile in Mexico to oppose the Stalinist bureaucracy in the Soviet Union. On Stalin's orders, he was assassinated in Mexico in August 1940 by Ramón Mercader, a Spanish-born Soviet agent. Trotsky's ideas formed the basis of Trotskyism, a major school of Marxist thought that opposes the theories of Stalinism. He was one of the few Soviet political figures who were not rehabilitated by the government under Nikita Khrushchev in the 1950s. In the late 1980s, his books were released for publication in the Soviet Union.

Answer 434

adj. Of, intended for, or suggesting summer.

Answer 435

``` r.v. braised, brais·ing, brais·es To cook (meat or vegetables) by browning in fat, then simmering in a small quantity of liquid in a covered container. ``` [French braiser, from braise, hot charcoal, from Old French brese, of Germanic origin; see bhreu- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 436

(ĭk-skrē′tə) pl.n. Waste matter, such as sweat, urine, or feces, discharged from the body. ex·cre′tal adj.

Answer 437

(pwĭs′əns, pyo͞o′ĭ-səns, pyo͞o-ĭs′əns) n. Power; might. [Middle English, from Old French, from poissant, powerful, present participle of pooir, to be able; see power.] puis′sant adj. puis′sant·ly adv. How comes all this, if there be not something puissant in whaling?—Moby Dick I-LXVII by Melville, Herman

Answer 438

also de·mar·ka·tion (dē′mär-kā′shən) n. 1. The setting or marking of boundaries or limits. 2. A separation; a distinction: a line of demarcation between two rock strata. [Spanish demarcación, from demarcar, to mark boundaries : de-, off (from Latin dē-; see marcar in Indo-European roots).]

Answer 439

adj. 1. Excessively and objectionably sentimental. See Synonyms at sentimental. 2. Archaic Having a sickening taste. [From Middle English mawke, maggot, variant of magot; see maggot.] mawk′ish·ly adv. mawk′ish·ness n.

Answer 440

r.v. re·mand·ed, re·mand·ing, re·mands To send or order back, especially: a. To send back (a person) into legal custody, as to a jail or prison. b. To send (a case) from a higher to a lower court, as when an appellate court determines that the trial court needs to hold a new trial or engage in additional proceedings. [Middle English remaunden, from Old French remander, from Late Latin remandāre, to send back word : Latin re-, re- + Latin mandāre, to order; see man- in Indo-European roots.] re·mand′ n. re·mand′ment n.

Answer 441

intr.v. ma·lin·gered, ma·lin·ger·ing, ma·lin·gers To feign illness or other incapacity in order to avoid duty or work. ma·lin′ger·er n.

Answer 442

(shīr) n. 1. A former administrative division of Great Britain, equivalent to a county. 2. often Shire A Shire horse. [Middle English, from Old English scīr, official charge, administrative district.]

Answer 443

n. 1. A female fox. 2. A woman regarded as quarrelsome or ill-tempered. [From dialectal alteration of Middle English fixen, from Old English fyxe.] vix′en·ish adj. vix′en·ish·ly adv. vix′en·ish·ness n. Word History: In the traditional dialects of Devon, Somerset, and Cornwall, counties of southern England, words that begin with the voiceless fricative sounds (f) and (s) are pronounced instead with voicing, as (v) and (z). (The local rendering of the county name Somerset, in fact, is "Zomerzet.") The voicing is due to a Middle English sound change and may have roots even earlier. At least three examples of this dialectal pronunciation have entered standard English: vat, vane, and vixen. The first of these is a variant of an earlier word fat; the pronunciation with (f) was still used in the 1800s before being displaced by the southern pronunciation (văt). Vane, which used to mean "flag," has a cognate in the German word for "flag," Fahne, showing the original f. Vixen, finally, represents the southern pronunciation of a word that goes back to Old English fyxe, the feminine of fox. It was formed by a change in the root vowel of fox and the addition of a suffix -e or -en. Besides being one of the rare southern English dialect forms to have come into standard English, vixen is also the only survival of this type of feminine noun in the modern language.

Answer 444

(frī′ə-bəl) adj. Readily crumbled; brittle: friable asbestos insulation. [Latin friābilis, from friāre, to crumble.] fri′a·bil′i·ty n.

Answer 445

The Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn (or, more commonly, the Golden Dawn) was a magical order active in Great Britain during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which practiced theurgy and spiritual development. It has been one of the largest single influences on 20th-century Western occultism. Concepts of magic and ritual at the center of contemporary traditions, such as Wicca and Thelema, were inspired by the Golden Dawn. The three founders, William Robert Woodman, William Wynn Westcott, and Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers were Freemasons and members of Societas Rosicruciana in Anglia (S.R.I.A.). Westcott appears to have been the initial driving force behind the establishment of the Golden Dawn. The Golden Dawn system was based on hierarchy and initiation like the Masonic Lodges; however women were admitted on an equal basis with men. The "Golden Dawn" was the first of three Orders, although all three are often collectively referred to as the "Golden Dawn". The First Order taught esoteric philosophy based on the Hermetic Qabalah and personal development through study and awareness of the four Classical Elements as well as the basics of astrology, tarot divination, and geomancy. The Second or "Inner" Order, the Rosae Rubeae et Aureae Crucis (the Ruby Rose and Cross of Gold), taught proper magic, including scrying, astral travel, and alchemy. The Third Order was that of the "Secret Chiefs", who were said to be highly skilled; they supposedly directed the activities of the lower two orders by spirit communication with the Chiefs of the Second Order. **Influences** Influences on Golden Dawn concepts and work include: Christian mysticism, Qabalah, Hermeticism, Ancient Egyptian religion, Theurgy, Freemasonry, Alchemy, Theosophy, Astrology, Eliphas Levi, Papus, John Dee & Edward Kelly, Enochian magic, and Renaissance grimoires, as well as Anna Kingsford & Frederick Hockley.

Answer 446

(ăb-skŏnd′) intr.v. ab·scond·ed, ab·scond·ing, ab·sconds To leave quickly and secretly and hide oneself, often to avoid arrest or prosecution. [Latin abscondere, to hide : abs-, ab-, away; see condere in Indo-European roots.] ab·scond′er n.

Answer 447

(skō′lē-əm) n. pl. scho·li·ums or scho·li·a (-lē-ə) 1. An explanatory note or commentary, as on a Greek or Latin text. 2. A note amplifying a proof or course of reasoning, as in mathematics. [New Latin, from Greek skholion, diminutive of skholē, lecture, school; see segh- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 448

(fĭl′ĭt) n. 1. A narrow strip of ribbon or similar material, often worn as a headband. 2. also fi·let (fĭ-lā′, fĭl′ā′) a. A strip or compact piece of boneless meat or fish, especially the beef tenderloin. b. A boneless strip of meat rolled and tied, as for roasting. 3. Architecture a. A thin flat molding used as separation between or ornamentation for larger moldings. b. A ridge between the indentations of a fluted column. 4. A narrow decorative line impressed onto the cover of a book. 5. Heraldry A narrow horizontal band placed in the lower fourth area of the chief. 6. Anatomy A loop-shaped band of fibers, such as the lemniscus. tr. v. fil·let·ed, fil·let·ing, fil·lets 1. To bind or decorate with or as if with a fillet. 2. also fi·let (fĭ-lā′, fĭl′ā′) To slice, bone, or make into fillets.

Answer 449

Urðr (Old Norse "fate") is one of the Norns in Norse mythology. Along with Verðandi (possibly "happening" or "present") and Skuld (possibly "debt" or "future"[3]), Urðr makes up a trio of Norns that are described as deciding the fates of people. Urðr is attested in stanza 20 of the Poetic Edda poem Völuspá and the Prose Edda book Gylfaginning. Urðr is together with the Norns located at the well Urðarbrunnr beneath the world ash tree Yggdrasil of Asgard. They spin threads of life, cut marks in the pole figures and measure people's destinies, which shows the fate of all human beings and gods. Norns are always present when a child is born and decide its fate. The three Norns represent the past (Urðr), future (Skuld) and present (Verðandi). Urðr is commonly written as Urd or Urth. In some English translations, her name is glossed with the Old English form of urðr; Wyrd.

Answer 450

adj. 1. Not in agreement with accepted beliefs, especially in church doctrine or dogma. 2. Holding unorthodox opinions. [Greek heterodoxos : hetero-, hetero- + doxa, opinion (from dokein, to think; see dek- in Indo-European roots).]

Answer 451

adj. Dark and gloomy. [Middle English, from Old French tenebreus, from Latin tenebrōsus, from tenebrae, darkness.] ten′e·bros′i·ty (-brŏs′ĭ-tē) n.

Answer 452

(dī-ăb′ə-lĭz′əm) n. 1. Dealings with or worship of the devil or demons. 2. Devilish conduct or character. di·ab′o·list n.

Answer 453

(rĭb′əld, rī′bôld′) adj. Characterized by or indulging in humor that is vulgar and lewd. n. A vulgar, lewdly funny person. [From Middle English ribaud, ribald person, from Old French, from riber, to be wanton, from Middle High German rīban, to rub, be in heat, copulate, from Old High German; see wer- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 454

(skwā′məs, skwä′-) also squa·mose (-mōs′) adj. 1. Covered with or formed of scales; scaly. 2. Resembling a scale or scales; thin and flat like a scale: the squamous cells of the cervix. 3. Of or relating to the thin, platelike part of the temporal bone. [Latin squāmōsus, from squāma, scale.] squa′mous·ly adv. squa′mous·ness n.

Answer 455

(kăl′əm-nē) n. pl. cal·um·nies 1. A false statement maliciously made to injure another's reputation. 2. The utterance of maliciously false statements; slander.

Answer 456

adj. Possible to impute or ascribe; attributable: imputable oversights. im·put′a·bly adv.

Answer 457

v. at·ten·u·at·ed, at·ten·u·at·ing, at·ten·u·ates v. tr. 1. To make slender, fine, or small: The drought attenuated the river to a narrow channel. 2. To reduce in force, value, amount, or degree; weaken: Medicine attenuated the fever's effect. 3. To lessen the density of; rarefy. 4. Biology To make (bacteria or viruses) less virulent. 5. Electronics To reduce (the amplitude of an electrical signal) with little or no distortion. v.intr. To become thin, weak, or fine. adj. (-yo͞o-ĭt) 1. Reduced or weakened, as in strength, value, or virulence. 2. Botany Gradually tapering to a slender point. [Latin attenuāre, attenuāt- : ad-, ad- + tenuāre, to make thin (from tenuis, thin; see ten- in Indo-European roots).] at·ten′u·a′tion n.

Answer 458

(lär′sə-nē) n. pl. lar·ce·nies The unlawful taking and removing of another's personal property with the intent of permanently depriving the owner; theft. lar′ce•nist, lar′ce•ner, n. lar′ce•nous, adj. lar′ce•nous•ly, adv. Synonyms: stealing, theft, thievery, thieving

Answer 459

(mɒˈnɒlətrɪ) n 1. (Other Non-Christian Religions) the exclusive worship of one god without excluding the existence of others monolater moˈnolatrist n moˈnolatrous adj

Answer 460

(ĕk′sə-tĕr′ĭk) adj. 1. Not confined to an inner circle of disciples or initiates. 2. Comprehensible to or suited to the public; popular. 3. Of or relating to the outside; external. [Latin exōtericus, external, from Greek exōterikos, from exōterō, comparative of exō, outside; see exo-.] ex′o·ter′i·cal·ly adv.

Answer 461

n. pl. re·fec·to·ries A room where meals are served, especially in a college or other institution.

Answer 462

(skĭz′əm, sĭz′-) n. 1. A separation or division into factions: "[He] found it increasingly difficult to maintain party unity in the face of ideological schism over civil rights" (Nick Kotz). 2. a. A formal breach of union within a religious body, especially a Christian church. b. The offense of attempting to produce such a breach. [Middle English scisme, from Old French, from Latin schisma, schismat-, from Greek skhisma, from skhizein, to split; see skei- in Indo-European roots.] Usage Note: The word schism, which was originally spelled scisme, cisme, and sisme in English, is traditionally pronounced (sĭz′əm), without a (k) sound. The modern spelling with the h dates back to the 16th century, when the word was respelled to resemble its Latin and Greek ancestors. The pronunciation with (k), (skĭz′əm), was long regarded as incorrect, but it has become so common in both British and American English that it gained acceptability and now predominates in standard American usage.

Answer 463

John Dee (1527–1608 or 1609) was a Welsh mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, occultist, navigator, imperialist and consultant to Queen Elizabeth I. He devoted much of his life to the study of alchemy, divination and Hermetic philosophy. Dee straddled the worlds of science and magic just as they were becoming distinguishable. One of the most learned men of his age, he had been invited to lecture on advanced algebra at the University of Paris while still in his early twenties. Dee was an ardent promoter of mathematics and a respected astronomer, as well as a leading expert in navigation, having trained many of those who would conduct England's voyages of discovery. Simultaneously with these efforts, Dee immersed himself in the worlds of magic, astrology and Hermetic philosophy. He devoted much time and effort in the last thirty years or so of his life to attempting to commune with angels in order to learn the universal language of creation and bring about the pre-apocalyptic unity of mankind. A student of the Renaissance Neo-Platonism of Marsilio Ficino, Dee did not draw distinctions between his mathematical research and his investigations into Hermetic magic, angel summoning and divination. Instead he considered all of his activities to constitute different facets of the same quest: the search for a transcendent understanding of the divine forms which underlie the visible world, which Dee called "pure verities". In his lifetime Dee amassed one of the largest libraries in England. His high status as a scholar also allowed him to play a role in Elizabethan politics. He served as an occasional adviser and tutor to Elizabeth I and nurtured relationships with her ministers Francis Walsingham and William Cecil. Dee also tutored and enjoyed patronage relationships with Sir Philip Sidney, his uncle Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, and Edward Dyer. He also enjoyed patronage from Sir Christopher Hatton.

Answer 464

(sə-bôrn′) tr. v. sub·orned, sub·orn·ing, sub·orns 1. To induce (a person) to commit an unlawful or evil act. 2. Law a. To procure (perjured testimony): suborn perjury. b. To induce (a person) to commit perjury. [Latin subōrnāre : sub-, secretly; see ōrnāre in Indo-European roots.] sub′or·na′tion (sŭb′ôr-nā′shən) n. sub·orn′er n.

Answer 465

n. Any of numerous plants of the genus Lupinus of the pea family, having palmately compound leaves and colorful flowers grouped in spikes or racemes. Some species are cultivated as ornamentals and others for their edible seeds. adj. 1. Characteristic of or resembling a wolf. 2. Rapacious; ravenous.

Answer 466

(krĕn′əl) n. 1. An open space or notch between two merlons in a battlement or crenelated wall. 2. A crenature. [Middle English, from Old French; see crenelated.]

Answer 467

(ĭ-fēt′) adj. 1. a. Characterized by extreme refinement or self-indulgence, often to the point of unworldiness or decadence: "the effete taste of people surfeited with expensive comforts" b. Having or reflecting an attitude of social superiority; pretentious or snobbish: "Throughout its amateur era tennis was a country club sport, denigrated as elitist and effete" 2. Depleted of vitality, force, or effectiveness; exhausted: the effete monarchies of Europe. 3. Effeminate: "As a manly adventurer ... [Saint Paul] seemed the perfect rebuttal to our great, if unspoken, fear that the celibate vocation was effete" 4. Archaic No longer productive; infertile. [Latin effētus, worn out, exhausted : ex-, ex- + fētus, bearing young, pregnant; see dhē(i)- in Indo-European roots.] ef·fete′ly adv. ef·fete′ness n.

Answer 468

adj. stodg·i·er, stodg·i·est 1. a. Dull, unimaginative, and commonplace. See Synonyms at dull. b. Old-fashioned and stuffy: "Why is the middle-class so stodgy—so utterly without a sense of humor!" (Katherine Mansfield). 2. Indigestible and starchy; heavy: stodgy food. 3. Solidly built; stocky. [From stodge, thick filling food, from stodge, to cram.] stodg′i·ly adv. stodg′i·ness n.

Answer 469

n. 1. Derogatory An old woman considered to be ugly; a hag. 2. A woman who is venerated for experience, judgment, and wisdom.

Answer 470

(klĕm′ənt) adj. 1. Inclined to be lenient or merciful. 2. Mild: clement weather. [Middle English, from Latin clēmēns, clēment-.] clem′ent·ly adv.

Answer 471

Vishnu (/ˈvɪʃnuː/; Sanskrit: विष्णु, Viṣṇu) is a Hindu god, the Supreme God of Vaishnavism (one of the three principal denominations of Hinduism) and one of the three supreme deities (Trimurti) of Hinduism. He is also known as Narayana and Hari. As one of the five primary forms of God in the Smarta tradition, he is conceived as "the Preserver or the Protector" within the Trimurti, the Hindu Trinity of the divinity. In Hindu sacred texts, Vishnu is usually described as having dark complexion of water-filled clouds and as having four arms. He is depicted as a pale blue being, as are his incarnations Rama and Krishna. He holds a padma (lotus flower) in his lower left hand, the Kaumodaki gada (mace) in his lower right hand, the Panchajanya shankha (conch) in his upper left hand and the discus weapon Sudarshana Chakra in his upper right hand.

Answer 472

(găz′ĭ-tîr′) n. 1. A dictionary, listing, or index of geographic names. 2. Archaic A writer for a gazette; a journalist.

Answer 473

member of a Parish

Answer 474

n. 1. A staff held by a sovereign as an emblem of authority. 2. Ruling power or authority; sovereignty. tr.v. scep·tered, scep·ter·ing, scep·ters To invest with royal authority. [Middle English sceptre, from Old French, from Latin scēptrum, from Greek skēptron.]

Answer 475

(œ′vrə) n. pl. oeu·vres (œ′vrə) 1. A work of art. 2. The sum of the lifework of an artist, writer, or composer.

Answer 476

Oligarchy (from Greek ὀλιγαρχία (oligarkhía); from ὀλίγος (olígos), meaning "few", and ἄρχω (arkho), meaning "to rule or to command")123 is a form of power structure in which power effectively rests with a small number of people. These people could be distinguished by royalty, wealth, family ties, education, corporate, religious or military control. Such states are often controlled by a few prominent families who typically pass their influence from one generation to the next, but inheritance is not a necessary condition for the application of this term.

Answer 477

n 1. (Nautical Terms) one of the main longitudinal structural members of a vessel to which the frames are fastened and that may extend into the water to provide lateral stability 2. on an even keel well-balanced; steady 3. (Aeronautics) any structure corresponding to or resembling the keel of a ship, such as the central member along the bottom of an aircraft fuselage 4. (Biology) biology a ridgelike part; carina 5. a poetic word for ship vb 6. to capsize [C14: from Old Norse kjölr; related to Middle Dutch kiel,keel²] ˈkeel-less adj

Answer 478

v. sub·li·mat·ed, sub·li·mat·ing, sub·li·mates v.intr. Chemistry To be transformed directly from the solid to the gaseous state or from the gaseous to the solid state without becoming a liquid. v. tr. 1. Chemistry To cause (a solid or gas) to sublimate. 2. a. To modify the natural expression of (a primitive, instinctual impulse) in a socially acceptable manner. b. To divert the energy associated with (an unacceptable impulse or drive) into an acceptable activity. n. Chemistry A product of sublimation. [Latin sublīmāre, sublīmāt-, to elevate, from sublīmis, uplifted.] sub′li·ma′tion (-mā′shən) n.

Answer 479

(zĕf′ər) n. 1. The west wind. 2. A gentle breeze. 3. Any of various soft light fabrics, yarns, or garments, especially a lightweight, checked gingham fabric. 4. Something that is airy, insubstantial, or passing.

Answer 480

adj. 1. of or designating a verb that is accompanied by a direct object and from which a passive can be formed, as deny, put, or elect. 2. characterized by or involving transition; transitional. n. 3. a transitive verb.

Answer 481

(ō-mûr′tə, ō′mĕr-tä′) n. A rule or code that prohibits speaking or divulging information about certain activities, especially the activities of a criminal organization. [Italian omertà, probably from alteration (influenced by Sicilian omu, man) of Spanish hombredad, manliness, from Spanish hombre, man; see ombre.]

Answer 482

n. An alcoholic liquor, especially rum diluted with water.

Answer 483

(ĭm-păs′ĭv) adj. 1. Devoid of or not subject to emotion. 2. Revealing no emotion; expressionless. 3. Archaic Incapable of physical sensation. 4. Motionless; still. im·pas′sive·ly adv. im·pas′sive·ness, im′pas·siv′i·ty n.

Answer 484

adj. Of, relating to, or having the power of divination; prophetic. [Greek mantikos, from mantis, seer; see men- in Indo-European roots.] man′tic·al·ly adv.

Answer 485

The ship of Theseus, also known as Theseus's paradox, is a paradox that raises the question of whether an object which has had all its components replaced remains fundamentally the same object. The paradox is most notably recorded by Plutarch in Life of Theseus from the late 1st century. Plutarch asked whether a ship which was restored by replacing all and every of its wooden parts, remained the same ship.

Answer 486

intr. v. a·light·ed or a·lit (ə-lĭt′), a·light·ing, a·lights 1. To come down and settle, as after flight: "A swarm of black birds flew across the road and alighted in a pecan tree" (Ernest J. Gaines). 2. To get down, as from a vehicle; dismount: The queen alighted from the carriage. 3. To come by chance: alight on a happy solution. [Middle English alighten, from Old English ālīhtan : ā-, intensive pref. + līhtan, to relieve of a burden (from līht, light; see light).]

Answer 487

n. 1. Nautical A triangular sail stretching from the foretopmast head to the jib boom, the bowsprit, or the bow. 2. a. The arm of a mechanical crane. b. The boom of a derrick.

Answer 488

or tum·bril (tŭm′brəl) n. 1. A two-wheeled cart, especially a farmer's cart that can be tilted to dump a load. 2. A crude cart used to carry condemned prisoners to their place of execution, as during the French Revolution. [Middle English tumberell, from Old French tomberel, from tomber, to fall, perhaps of Germanic origin and akin to English tumble.]

Answer 489

n. 1. A stiffly starched frilled or pleated circular collar of lace, muslin, or other fine fabric, worn by men and women in the 1500s and 1600s. 2. A distinctive collarlike projection around the neck, as of feathers on a bird or of fur on a mammal. 3. A migratory sandpiper (Philomachus pugnax) of the Eastern Hemisphere, the male of which has collarlike, erectile feathers around the neck during the breeding season. [Perhaps short for ruffle.] ruffed adj.

Answer 490

adj. 1. Extremely contemptible or degrading: abject cowardice. See Synonyms at base. 2. Being of the most miserable kind; wretched: abject poverty; abject grief. 3. Thoroughgoing; complete. Used to modify pejorative nouns: an abject failure. 4. Extremely submissive or self-abasing: abject apologies. [Middle English, outcast, from Latin abiectus, past participle of abicere, to cast away : ab-, from; see iacere in Indo-European roots.] ab′ject′ly adv. ab·ject′ness n. ab·jec′tion n.

Answer 491

(sou, sŭf) intr.v. soughed, sough·ing, soughs To make a soft murmuring or rustling sound. n. A soft murmuring or rustling sound, as of the wind or a gentle surf.

Answer 492

adj. 1. Disposed to venture or to take risks; daring. See Synonyms at adventurous. 2. Involving risk or danger; hazardous: a venturesome expedition up Mount Everest. ven′ture·some·ly adv. ven′ture·some·ness n.

Answer 493

(trĭ-păn′) n. 1. A rock-boring tool used in mining for sinking shafts. 2. Medicine A trephine. tr. v. tre·panned, tre·pan·ning, tre·pans 1. To bore (a shaft) with a trepan. 2. To bore or otherwise make a hole in (the skull), as in certain prehistoric cultures or in surgery using a trephine. [Middle English trepane, surgical crown saw, from Medieval Latin trepanum, from Greek trūpanon, borer, from trūpān, to pierce, from trūpē, hole; see terə- in Indo-European roots.] trep′a·na′tion (trĕp′ə-nā′shən) n. Archaic tr.v. tre·panned, tre·pan·ning, tre·pans To trap; ensnare. n. 1. A trickster. 2. A trick or snare.

Answer 494

1. One appointed to represent a corporation, university, or other organization in business transactions; a business agent. 2. A civil magistrate or similar government official in some European countries. [French, from Old French sindiz, from Late Latin syndicus, from Greek sundikos, public advocate : sun-, syn- + dikē, justice; see deik- in Indo-European roots.] syn′di·cal adj.

Answer 495

(ə-năth′ə-mə) n. pl. a·nath·e·mas 1. A formal ecclesiastical ban, curse, or excommunication. 2. A vehement denunciation; a curse: "the sound of a witch's anathemas in some unknown tongue" (Nathaniel Hawthorne). 3. One that is cursed or damned. 4. One that is greatly reviled, loathed, or shunned: "Essentialism—a belief in natural, immutable sex differences—is anathema to postmodernists, for whom sexuality itself, along with gender, is a 'social construct'" (Wendy Kaminer). [Late Latin, doomed offering, accursed thing, from Greek, from anatithenai, anathe-, to dedicate : ana-, ana- + tithenai, to put; see dhē- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 496

(pûr′spĭ-kăs′ĭ-tē) n. Acuteness of perception, discernment, or understanding.

Answer 497

(shāz) n. 1. Any of various light open carriages, often with a collapsible hood, especially a two-wheeled carriage drawn by one horse. 2. A post chaise. 3. A chaise longue. [French, chair, variant of Old French chaiere; see chair.]

Answer 498

(kâr′ən) In Greek mythology, Charon or Kharon is the ferryman of Hades who carries souls of the newly deceased across the rivers Styx and Acheron that divided the world of the living from the world of the dead. A coin to pay Charon for passage, usually an obolus or danake, was sometimes placed in or on the mouth of a dead person. Some authors say that those who could not pay the fee, or those whose bodies were left unburied, had to wander the shores for one hundred years. In the catabasis mytheme, heroes – such as Heracles, Orpheus, Aeneas, Theseus, Sisyphus, Dionysus, Odysseus and Psyche – journey to the underworld and return, still alive, conveyed by the boat of Charon. He is the son of Nyx and Erebus. Nyx and Erebus were brother and sister. He was also the brother of Thanatos and Hypnos.

Answer 499

Smoky; vaporous.

Answer 500

(ĭm′prĭ-kāt′) tr.v. im·pre·cat·ed, im·pre·cat·ing, im·pre·cates To invoke evil upon; curse. im′pre·ca′tor n. im′pre·ca·to′ry (-kə-tôr′ē) adj.

Answer 501

(prō-sē′nē-əm, prə-) n. pl. pro·sce·ni·ums or pro·sce·ni·a (-nē-ə) 1. The area of a modern theater that is located between the curtain and the orchestra. 2. The stage of an ancient theater, located between the background and the orchestra. 3. A proscenium arch. [Latin proscēnium, from Greek proskēnion : pro-, before; see pro-2 + skēnē, buildings at the back of the stage.]

Answer 502

also Putsch (po͝och) n. A sudden attempt by a group to overthrow a government. [German, from German dialectal, from Middle High German, thrust, of imitative origin.] putsch′ist n.

Answer 503

adj. Capable of containing a large quantity; spacious or roomy: a capacious office building.

Answer 504

(kə-lĭj′ə-nəs) adj. Dark, misty, and gloomy.

Answer 505

adj. 1. Producing a display of lustrous, rainbowlike colors: an iridescent oil slick; iridescent plumage. 2. Brilliant, lustrous, or colorful in effect or appearance: "The prelude was as iridescent as a prism in a morning room" (Carson McCullers). ir′i·des′cent·ly adv.

Answer 506

(tûr′ĭt, tŭr′-) n. 1. A small tower or tower-shaped projection on a building. 2. a. A low, heavily armored structure, usually rotating horizontally, containing mounted guns and their gunners or crew, as on a warship or tank. b. A domelike gunner's enclosure projecting from the fuselage of a combat aircraft. 3. A tall wooden structure mounted on wheels and used in ancient warfare by besiegers to scale the walls of an enemy fortress. 4. An attachment for a lathe consisting of a rotating cylindrical block holding various cutting tools. 5. A rotating device holding various lenses, as for a microscope, allowing easy switching from one lens to another. [Middle English turet, from Old French torete, diminutive of tor, tower; see tower.]

Answer 507

(kə-păr′ĭ-sən) n. 1. An ornamental covering for a horse or for its saddle or harness; trappings. 2. Richly ornamented clothing; finery. tr. v. ca·par·i·soned, ca·par·i·son·ing, ca·par·i·sons 1. To outfit (a horse) with an ornamental covering. 2. To dress (another) in rich clothing.

Answer 508

intr. & tr.v. jounced, jounc·ing, jounc·es To move or cause to move with bumps and jolts; bounce. n. A rough, jolting movement; a jolt.

Answer 509

n. 1. Any of various breeds of very small domesticated fowl that are often miniatures of members of larger breeds. 2. A small but aggressive and spirited person. adj. 1. Diminutive; miniature. 2. Aggressive and spirited.

Answer 510

a low continuous indistinct sound; often accompanied by movement of the lips without the production of articulate speech

Answer 511

(vûr′sə-fī′) v. ver·si·fied, ver·si·fy·ing, ver·si·fies v. tr. 1. To change from prose into metrical form. 2. To treat or tell in verse: versify stories from the Bible. v.intr. To write verses. [Middle English versifien, from Old French versifier, from Latin versificāre : versus, verse; see verse1 + -ficāre, -fy.] ver′si·fi·ca′tion (-fĭ-kā′shən) n. ver′si·fi′er n.

Answer 512

Chronos is a god, serpentine shape in form, with three heads—those of a man, a bull, and a lion. He and his consort, serpentine Ananke (Inevitability), circled the primal world egg in their coils and split it apart to form the ordered universe of earth, sea and sky. Chronos was confused with, or perhaps consciously identified with, due to the similarity in name, the Titan Cronus already in antiquity, the identification becoming more widespread during the Renaissance, giving rise to the allegory of "Father Time" wielding the harvesting scythe. He was depicted in Greco-Roman mosaics as a man turning the Zodiac Wheel. Chronos, however, might also be contrasted with the deity Aion as Eternal Time (see aeon). Chronos is usually portrayed through an old, wise man with a long, grey beard, similar to Father Time. Some of the current English words whose etymological root is khronos/chronos include chronology, chronometer, chronic, anachronism, and chronicle. **Mythical cosmogonies** In the Orphic cosmogony, the unaging Chronos produced Aether and Chaos, and made a silvery egg in the divine Aether. It produced the hermaphroditic god Phanes, who gave birth to the first generation of gods and is the ultimate creator of the cosmos. Pherecydes of Syros in his lost Heptamychos (the seven recesses), around 6th century BC, claimed that there were three eternal principles: Chronos, Zas (Zeus) and Chthonie (the chthonic). The semen of Chronos was placed in the recesses and produced the first generation of gods.

Answer 513

(ĭ-vûrt′) tr.v. e·vert·ed, e·vert·ing, e·verts To turn inside out or outward. [Back-formation from Middle English everted, turned upside down, from Latin ēvertere, to overturn : ē-, ex-, ex- + vertere, to turn; see wer- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 514

comet n. A celestial body, observed only in that part of its orbit that is relatively close to the sun, having a head consisting of a solid nucleus surrounded by a nebulous coma up to 2.4 million kilometers (1.5 million miles) in diameter and an elongated curved vapor tail arising from the coma when sufficiently close to the sun. Comets are thought to consist chiefly of ammonia, methane, carbon dioxide, and water. * * * cometary adj. of or relating to or resembling a comet

Answer 515

(sär-tôr′ē-əl) adj. Of or relating to a tailor, tailoring, or tailored clothing: sartorial elegance. [From Late Latin sartor, tailor; see sartorius.] sar·to′ri·al·ly adv.

Answer 516

n. 1. A small anchor with three or more flukes, especially one used for anchoring a small vessel. Also called grapple, grappling. 2. See grapple. [Middle English grapenel, probably ultimately from Old French grapin, hook, diminutive of grape; see grape.]

Answer 517

(săl′ō) adj. sal·low·er, sal·low·est Of a sickly yellowish hue or complexion. tr.v. sal·lowed, sal·low·ing, sal·lows To make sallow. [Middle English salowe, from Old English salo.] sal′low·ly adv. sal′low·ness n.

Answer 518

n. 1. Greek Mythology The god of prophecy, music, medicine, and poetry, sometimes identified with the sun. 2. apollo pl. apol·los A young man of great physical beauty. Apollo is one of the most important and complex of the Olympian deities in classical Greek and Roman religion and Greek and Roman mythology. The ideal of the kouros (a beardless, athletic youth), Apollo has been variously recognized as a god of music, truth and prophecy, healing, the sun and light, plague, poetry, and more. Apollo is the son of Zeus and Leto, and has a twin sister, the chaste huntress Artemis. As the patron of Delphi (Pythian Apollo), Apollo was an oracular god—the prophetic deity of the Delphic Oracle. Medicine and healing are associated with Apollo, whether through the god himself or mediated through his son Asclepius, yet Apollo was also seen as a god who could bring ill-health and deadly plague. Amongst the god's custodial charges, Apollo became associated with dominion over colonists, and as the patron defender of herds and flocks. As the leader of the Muses and director of their choir, Apollo functioned as the patron god of music and poetry. Hermes created the lyre for him, and the instrument became a common attribute of Apollo. Hymns sung to Apollo were called paeans. In Hellenistic times, especially during the 3rd century BCE, as Apollo Helios he became identified among Greeks with Helios, Titan god of the sun, and his sister Artemis similarly equated with Selene, Titan goddess of the moon.

Answer 519

(fyo͞o-gā′shəs) adj. 1. Passing away quickly; evanescent. 2. Botany Withering or dropping off early. [From Latin fugāx, fugāc-, from fugere, to flee.] fu·ga′cious·ly adv. fu·gac′i·ty (-găs′ĭ-tē) n.

Answer 520

Oneirology (from Greek ὄνειρον, oneiron, "dream"; and -λογία, -logia, "the study of") is the scientific study of dreams. Current research seeks correlations between dreaming and current knowledge about the functions of the brain, as well as understanding of how the brain works during dreaming as pertains to memory formation and mental disorders. The study of oneirology can be distinguished from dream analysis in that the aim is to quantitatively study the process of dreams instead of analyzing the meaning behind them.

Answer 521

(dĭ jo͝or′ē, dā yo͝or′ā) adv. & adj. According to law; by right.

Answer 522

(skŭl′ə-rē) n. pl. scul·ler·ies A small room adjoining a kitchen, in which dishwashing and other kitchen chores are done.

Answer 523

A steep rugged mass of rock projecting upward or outward.

Answer 524

n. Disturbed digestion; indigestion. dyspeptic

Answer 525

n. pl. mum·mer·ies 1. A performance by mummers. 2. A pretentious or hypocritical show or ceremony.

Answer 526

``` tr. & intr.v. toped, top·ing, topes Archaic To drink (liquor) habitually and excessively or engage in such drinking. ``` [Possibly from obsolete tope, interjection used in proposing a toast.] top′er n.

Answer 527

(ə-krŏp′ə-lĭs) n. 1. The fortified height or citadel of an ancient Greek city. 2. A raised area holding a building or cluster of buildings, especially in a pre-Columbian city. [Greek akropolis : akron, top; see polis in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 528

(sĭk′ə-fənt, sī′kə-) n. A person who attempts to gain advantage by flattering influential people or behaving in a servile manner. [Latin sȳcophanta, informer, slanderer, from Greek sūkophantēs, informer, from sūkon phainein, to show a fig (perhaps originally said of denouncers of theft or exportation of figs or of persons making a lascivious gesture resembling a fig) : sūkon, fig + phainein, to show; see bhā- in Indo-European roots.] syc′o·phan′tic (-făn′tĭk), syc′o·phan′ti·cal (-tĭ-kəl) adj. syc′o·phan′ti·cal·ly adv.

Answer 529

v. fledged, fledg·ing, fledg·es v. tr. 1. To take care of (a young bird) until it is ready to fly. 2. To cover with or as if with feathers. 3. To provide (an arrow) with feathers. v.intr. To grow the plumage necessary for flight. [Probably from obsolete fledge, feathered, from Middle English flegge, from Old English \*flycge; see pleu- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 530

n. Any of numerous grasslike plants of the family Cyperaceae, characteristically having solid three-sided stems, leaves arranged in three rows, and spikelets of inconspicuous flowers.

Answer 531

(ĕn-skŏns′) tr. v. en·sconced, en·sconc·ing, en·sconc·es 1. To settle (oneself) securely or comfortably: She ensconced herself in an armchair. 2. To place or conceal in a secure place.

Answer 532

(ŏb-sē′kwē-əs, əb-) adj. Full of or exhibiting servile compliance; fawning. [Middle English, from Latin obsequiōsus, from obsequium, compliance, from obsequī, to comply : ob-, to; see sequī in Indo-European roots.] ob·se′qui·ous·ly adv. ob·se′qui·ous·ness n.

Answer 533

(ĭn′tər-lärd′) tr.v. in·ter·lard·ed, in·ter·lard·ing, in·ter·lards To insert something foreign into: interlarded the narrative with witty remarks. [Middle English interlarden, to mix fat into, from Old French entrelarder : entre-, between (from Latin inter-; see inter-) + larder, to lard (from lard, lard; see lard).]

Answer 534

Archimedes of Syracuse (Greek: c. 287 BC – c. 212 BC) was an Ancient Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor, and astronomer. Although few details of his life are known, he is regarded as one of the leading scientists in classical antiquity. Generally considered the greatest mathematician of antiquity and one of the greatest of all time, Archimedes anticipated modern calculus and analysis by applying concepts of infinitesimals and the method of exhaustion to derive and rigorously prove a range of geometrical theorems, including the area of a circle, the surface area and volume of a sphere, and the area under a parabola. Other mathematical achievements include deriving an accurate approximation of pi, defining and investigating the spiral bearing his name, and creating a system using exponentiation for expressing very large numbers. He was also one of the first to apply mathematics to physical phenomena, founding hydrostatics and statics, including an explanation of the principle of the lever. He is credited with designing innovative machines, such as his screw pump, compound pulleys, and defensive war machines to protect his native Syracuse from invasion. Archimedes died during the Siege of Syracuse when he was killed by a Roman soldier despite orders that he should not be harmed. Cicero describes visiting the tomb of Archimedes, which was surmounted by a sphere and a cylinder, which Archimedes had requested to be placed on his tomb, representing his mathematical discoveries. Unlike his inventions, the mathematical writings of Archimedes were little known in antiquity. Mathematicians from Alexandria read and quoted him, but the first comprehensive compilation was not made until c. 530 AD by Isidore of Miletus in Byzantine Constantinople, while commentaries on the works of Archimedes written by Eutocius in the sixth century AD opened them to wider readership for the first time. The relatively few copies of Archimedes' written work that survived through the Middle Ages were an influential source of ideas for scientists during the Renaissance,[6] while the discovery in 1906 of previously unknown works by Archimedes in the Archimedes Palimpsest has provided new insights into how he obtained mathematical results.

Answer 535

(skŭl′yən) n. A servant employed to do menial tasks in a kitchen. [Middle English sculyon, probably from Old French escouvillon, dishcloth, diminutive of escouve, broom, from Latin scōpa, branches, broom.]

Answer 536

(kăzh′o͞o-ĭ-strē) n. pl. ca·sui·ist·ries 1. Specious or excessively subtle reasoning intended to rationalize or mislead. 2. The determination of right and wrong in questions of conduct or conscience by analyzing cases that illustrate general ethical rules. [From casuist.]

Answer 537

(mŭs′kə-dīn′, -dĭn) n. A woody vine (Vitis rotundifolia) of the southeast United States, bearing a thick-skinned musky grape used to make juice and wine. Also called scuppernong.

Answer 538

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor, also known as BDNF, is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the BDNF gene. BDNF is a member of the neurotrophin family of growth factors, which are related to the canonical Nerve Growth Factor. Neurotrophic factors are found in the brain and the periphery.

Answer 539

(gôl) n. 1. A Celt of ancient Gaul. 2. A French person.

Answer 540

(ˈsɛr i) v.i., v.t. -ried, -ry•ing. Archaic. to crowd closely together. [1575–85; Serry a crowd or massed bunch of people. Examples: serry of pikemen, 1581; of warriors, 1843; serried ranks of soldiers, 1821.

Answer 541

Aniconism is the practice of or belief in the avoiding or shunning of images of divine beings, prophets or other respected religious figures, or in different manifestations, any human beings or living creatures. The term aniconic may be used to describe the absence of graphic representations in a particular belief system, regardless of whether an injunction against them exists. The word itself derives from Greek εἰκών 'image' with the negative prefix an- (Greek privative alpha) and the suffix -ism (Greek -ισμός). Aniconism in religion is presented in greater detail in separate articles (see below under "Manifestations: Religion").

Answer 542

Uncle Remus is a fictional character, the title character and fictional narrator of a collection of African-American folktales adapted and compiled by Joel Chandler Harris, published in book form in 1881. A journalist in post-Reconstruction Atlanta, Georgia, Harris produced seven Uncle Remus books.

Answer 543

(tĕs′ə-lāt′) tr.v. tes·sel·lat·ed, tes·sel·lat·ing, tes·sel·lates To form into a mosaic pattern, as by using small squares of stone or glass. [From Latin tessellātus, of small square stones, from tessella, small cube, diminutive of tessera, a square; see tessera.] tes′sel·la′tion n.

Answer 544

n. 1. A thick triangular muscle covering the shoulder joint, used to raise the arm from the side. 2. See kite. adj. 1. a. Triangular. b. Having the shape of a geometric kite. 2. Of or relating to the deltoid.

Answer 545

(pyo͞o′tə-tĭv) adj. Generally regarded as such; supposed: a foundling's putative parents. [Middle English, from Old French putatif, from Late Latin putātīvus, from Latin putāre, to prune, think; see pau- in Indo-European roots.] pu′ta·tive·ly adv.

Answer 546

v. oc·clud·ed, oc·clud·ing, oc·cludes v.tr. 1. To cause to become closed; obstruct: occlude an artery. 2. To prevent the passage of: occlude light; occlude the flow of blood. 3. Chemistry To absorb or adsorb and retain (a substance). 4. To force (air) upward from the earth's surface, as when a cold front overtakes and undercuts a warm front. 5. To bring together (the upper and lower teeth) in proper alignment for chewing. v.intr. To close so that the cusps fit together. Used of the teeth of the upper and lower jaws. oc·clud′ent adj.

Answer 547

n. A broad-beamed sailboat carrying a single fore-and-aft sail on a mast near the bow and often fitted with a centerboard.

Answer 548

(ăd′əm-brāt′, ə-dŭm′-) tr. v. ad·um·brat·ed, ad·um·brat·ing, ad·um·brates 1. To give a sketchy outline of. 2. To prefigure indistinctly; foreshadow. 3. To disclose partially or guardedly. 4. To overshadow; shadow or obscure. [Latin adumbrāre, adumbrāt-, to represent in outline : ad-, ad- + umbra, shadow.] ad′um·bra′tion n. ad·um′bra·tive (ə-dŭm′brə-tĭv) adj. ad·um′bra·tive·ly adv.

Answer 549

(rō-dē′zhə) 1. A former region of south-central Africa north of the Limpopo River. The native kingdoms in the region were colonized by Cecil Rhodes's British South Africa Company in the 1890s. The region remained under British control until the 1960s, when northern and southern Rhodesia gained their independence as Zambia and Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe). 2. See Zimbabwe. Rho·de′sian adj. & n.

Answer 550

(trĭp′tĭk) n. 1. A work, such as an altarpiece, consisting of three painted or carved panels that are hinged together. 2. A hinged writing tablet consisting of three leaves, used in ancient Rome. [From Greek triptukhos, threefold : tri-, tri- + ptux, ptukh-, fold.]

Answer 551

a. An impulsive change of mind: "I find it a relief that plagues and cancers ... are the result of the impartial—and comprehensible—forces ofevolution rather than the caprices of a deity" (Olivia Judson). b. An inclination to change one's mind impulsively: tyrants who rule by caprice. c. A sudden, unpredictable action or change: the caprices of the wind.

Answer 552

n. 1. A blessing. 2. An invocation of divine blessing, usually at the end of a church service. 3. often Benediction Roman Catholic Church A short service consisting of prayers, the singing of a Eucharistic hymn, and the blessing of the congregation with the host. 4. An expression of good wishes. [Middle English benediccioun, from Old French benedicion, from Latin benedictiō, benedictiōn-, from benedictus, past participle of benedīcere, to bless : bene, well; see deu- in Indo-European roots + dīcere, to speak; see deik- in Indo-European roots.] ben′e·dic′tive, ben′e·dic′to·ry (-dĭk′tə-rē) adj.

Answer 553

(ŏb′ə-lĭsk) n. 1. A tall, four-sided shaft of stone, usually tapered and monolithic, that rises to a pointed pyramidal top. 2. The dagger sign (†), used especially as a reference mark. Also called dagger, obelus. [Latin obeliscus, from Greek obeliskos, diminutive of obelos, a spit, obelisk.] ob′e·lis′cal (-lĭs′kəl) adj. ob′e·lis′koid′ (-koid′) adj.

Answer 554

Paracelsus (1493 – 1541) was a German-Swiss Renaissance physician, botanist, alchemist, astrologer, and general occultist. He founded the discipline of toxicology. He is also known as a revolutionary for insisting upon using observations of nature, rather than looking to ancient texts, in open and radical defiance of medical practice of his day. He is also credited for giving zinc its name, calling it zincum, and for the terms "gas", "chemistry", and "alcohol". Modern psychology often also credits him for being the first to note that some diseases are rooted in psychological illness.

Answer 555

Monad (from Greek monas, "unit" in turn from monos, "alone"), conceived reportedly by the Pythagoreans meant divinity, the first being, or the totality of all beings, referring in cosmogony (creation theories) variously to source acting alone and/or an indivisible origin. It had a geometric counterpart, which was debated and discussed contemporaneously by the same groups of people. According to Hippolytus, the worldview was inspired by the Pythagoreans, who called the first thing that came into existence the "monad", which begat (bore) the dyad (from the greek word for two), which begat the numbers, which begat the point, begetting lines or finiteness, etc. It meant divinity, the first being, or the totality of all beings, referring in cosmogony (creation theories) variously to source acting alone and/or an indivisible origin and equivalent comparators. Pythagorean and Platonic philosophers like Plotinus and Porphyry condemned Gnosticism (see Neoplatonism and Gnosticism) for their treatment of the monad. For the Pythagoreans, the generation of number series was related to objects of geometry as well as cosmogony. According to Diogenes Laertius, from the monad evolved the dyad; from it numbers; from numbers, points; then lines, two-dimensional entities, three-dimensional entities, bodies, culminating in the four elements earth, water, fire and air, from which the rest of our world is built up.

Answer 556

(kyo͞o′bĭt) n. An ancient unit of linear measure, originally equal to the length of the forearm from the tip of the middle finger to the elbow, or about 17 to 22 inches (43 to 56 centimeters). [Middle English cubite, from Latin cubitum, cubit, elbow.]

Answer 557

intr.v. gawped, gawp·ing, gawps Chiefly British To gawk.

Answer 558

1. a. The metalliferous ore that fills a fissure in a rock formation. b. A vein of mineral ore deposited between clearly demarcated layers of rock. Also called lead. 2. A rich source or supply: found a lode of important documents in the archives.

Answer 559

(ĕn′mĭ-tē) n. pl. en·mi·ties 1. Deep-seated, often mutual hatred. 2. A feeling or state of hatred or animosity: "More than almost any public man I have ever met, he has avoided exciting personal enmities" (Theodore Roosevelt). [Middle English enemite, from Old French enemistie, from Vulgar Latin \*inimīcitās, from Latin inimīcus, enemy; see enemy.] Synonyms: enmity, hostility, antagonism, animosity, animus, antipathy These nouns refer to the feeling or expression of ill will toward another. Enmity is deep-seated hatred that seeks to oppose, harm, or defeat another: "hardhat construction workers—symbols of blue-collar enmity toward the antiwar movement" (Bill Turque).

Answer 560

Unification or Death (Serbian), popularly known as the Black Hand, was a secret military society formed on 9 May 1911 by officers in the Army of the Kingdom of Serbia, originating in the conspiracy group that assassinated the Serbian royal couple (1903), led by captain Dragutin Dimitrijević "Apis". It was formed with the aim of uniting all of the territories with a South Slavic majority not ruled by either Serbia or Montenegro. Its inspiration was primarily the unification of Italy in 1859–70, but also that of Germany in 1871. Through its connections to the June 1914 assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in Sarajevo, which was committed by the members of youth movement Young Bosnia, the Black Hand is often viewed as having contributed to the start of World War I by precipitating the July Crisis of 1914, which eventually led to Austria-Hungary's invasion of the Kingdom of Serbia.

Answer 561

v. preened, preen·ing, preens v.tr. 1. a. To smooth or clean (feathers) with the beak or bill. b. To trim or clean (fur) with the tongue, as cats do. 2. To dress or groom (oneself) with elaborate care; primp. 3. To take pride or satisfaction in (oneself); gloat. v. intr. 1. To dress up; primp. 2. To swell with pride; gloat or exult. [Middle English proinen, preinen, blend of Old French proignier, to prune; see prune, and Old French poroindre, to anoint before (por-, before from Latin prō-; see pro- + oindre, to anoint, from Latin unguere).] preen′er n.

Answer 562

(ĭn′tər-rĕg′nəm) n. pl. in·ter·reg·nums or in·ter·reg·na (-nə) 1. The interval of time between the end of a sovereign's reign and the accession of a successor. 2. A period of temporary suspension of the usual functions of government or control. 3. A gap in continuity. [Latin : inter-, inter- + rēgnum, reign; see reign.] in′ter·reg′nal (-nəl) adj.

Answer 563

n. The systematic practice of discriminating against and segregating black people, especially as practiced in the American South from the end of Reconstruction to the mid-1900s. adj. 1. Upholding or practicing discrimination against and segregation of black people: Jim Crow laws; a Jim Crow town. 2. Reserved or set aside for a racial or ethnic group that is to be discriminated against: "I told them I wouldn't take a Jim Crow job" (Ralph Bunche). [From obsolete Jim Crow, derogatory name for a black person, ultimately from the title of a 19th-century minstrel song.] Jim′-Crow′ism (-krō′ĭz′əm) n.

Answer 564

intr.v. jud·dered, jud·der·ing, jud·ders To shake rapidly or spasmodically; vibrate conspicuously: "Edith would watch her wrestling with words, her thin little body juddering with the effort to unlock them" (Anita Brookner). n. A rapid or spasmodic shaking.

Answer 565

(wônt, wōnt, wŭnt) adj. 1. Accustomed or used: "The poor man is wont to complain that this is a cold world" (Henry David Thoreau). 2. Likely: chaotic as holidays are wont to be. n. Customary practice; usage. See Synonyms at habit. v. wont or wont·ed, wont·ing, wonts Archaic v.tr. To make accustomed to. v.intr. To be in the habit of doing something. Usage Note: The most traditionally correct pronunciations of wont are (wōnt), the common pronunciation in Britain, sounding like the contraction won't, and (wŭnt), the historic American pronunciation, rhyming with hunt. However, the most common form of wont in contemporary American speech is probably (wônt), which to most people's ears sounds similar to (or even identical with) the word want. This (wônt) pronunciation may in fact be motivated by a confusion of the meanings of wont and want, both of which have to do with personal inclination. In any case, all three of these pronunciations are acceptable, though the historic (wŭnt) pronunciation may strike some listeners as odd or affected.

Answer 566

(dĕp′ə-lāt′) tr.v. dep·i·lat·ed, dep·i·lat·ing, dep·i·lates To remove hair from (the body). [Latin dēpilāre, dēpilāt- : dē-, de- + pilāre, to deprive of hair (from pilus, hair).] dep′i·la′tion n. dep′i·la′tor n.

Answer 567

(dĕs′əl-tôr′ē, dĕz′-) adj. 1. Moving or jumping from one thing to another; disconnected: "She had suddenly begun speaking, after sitting silently through several hours of desultory discussion ... about the Resistance" (Adam Nossiter). 2. Occurring randomly or sporadically. See Synonyms at chance. [Latin dēsultōrius, leaping, from dēsultor, a leaper, from dēsultus, past participle of dēsilīre, to leap down : dē-, de- + salīre, to jump; see sel- in Indo-European roots.] des′ul·to′ri·ly adv. des′ul·to′ri·ness n.

Answer 568

In ancient Rome, the Vestals or Vestal Virgins (Vestales, singular Vestalis) were priestesses of Vesta, goddess of the hearth. The College of the Vestals and its well-being was regarded as fundamental to the continuance and security of Rome. They cultivated the sacred fire that was not allowed to go out. The Vestals were freed of the usual social obligations to marry and bear children, and took a vow of chastity in order to devote themselves to the study and correct observance of state rituals that were off-limits to the male colleges of priests.

Answer 569

n. 1. A strong uneasiness caused by a sense of guilt: stole the money without compunction. See Synonyms at penitence. 2. A sting of conscience or a pang of doubt aroused by wrongdoing or the prospect of wrongdoing: "commercial speculators and hired politicians who had no compunction about pillaging their country for personal gain" (Leo Damrosch). [Middle English compunccioun, from Old French componction, from Late Latin compūnctiō, compūnctiōn-, puncture, sting of conscience, from Latin compūnctus, past participle of compungere, to sting : com-, intensive pref.; see pungere in Indo-European roots.] com·punc′tious (-shəs) adj. com·punc′tious·ly adv.

Answer 570

1. (Historical Terms) a member of the trading or mercantile class of a medieval city 2. (Government, Politics & Diplomacy) a respectable citizen; bourgeois

Answer 571

tr. v. de·frocked, de·frock·ing, de·frocks 1. To strip of priestly privileges and functions. 2. To deprive of the right to practice a profession. 3. To deprive of an honorary position.

Answer 572

(găr′ə-ləs, găr′yə-) adj. 1. Given to excessive and often trivial or rambling talk; tiresomely talkative. 2. Wordy and rambling: a garrulous speech. [From Latin garrulus, from garrīre, to chatter.] gar′ru·lous·ly adv. gar′ru·lous·ness n.

Answer 573

Iambic pentameter is a commonly used type of metrical line in traditional English poetry and verse drama. The term describes the rhythm that the words establish in that line, which is measured in small groups of syllables called "feet". The word "iambic" refers to the type of foot that is used, known as the iamb, which in English is an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. The word "pentameter" indicates that a line has five of these "feet". These terms originally applied to the quantitative meter of classical poetry. They were adopted to describe the equivalent meters in English accentual-syllabic verse. Different languages express rhythm in different ways. In Ancient Greek and Latin, the rhythm was created through the alternation of short and long syllables. In English, the rhythm is created through the use of stress, alternating between unstressed and stressed syllables. Iambic pentameter is the most common meter in English poetry; it is used in many of the major English poetic forms, including blank verse, the heroic couplet, and some of the traditional rhymed stanza forms. William Shakespeare used iambic pentameter in his plays and sonnets. "da DUM da DUM da DUM da DUM da DUM" "to swell the gourd, and plump the hazel shells"

Answer 574

n. The central part of a church, extending from the narthex to the chancel and flanked by aisles. [Medieval Latin nāvis, from Latin, ship (from its shape); see nāu- in Indo-European roots.] Image: plan of the 4th-century ad St. Peter's Basilica, Rome Italy A. apse B. transept C. nave D. aisles E. narthex F. atrium

Answer 575

(ə-vônt′, ə-vänt′) adv. Hence; away. [Middle English, forward, from Old French avant, from Latin abante : ab-, from; see ab- + ante, before; see ante-.]

Answer 576

v. sun·dered, sun·der·ing, sun·ders v. tr. 1. To break into two or more pieces or parts; sever: "Several disputed sculptures ... are sundered, with fragments residing in separate museums" (Lee Rosenbaum). 2. To force or keep apart: "Even our own kindred in the North are sundered from us" (J.R.R. Tolkien). See Synonyms at separate. 3. To form a barrier or border between: a river that sunders the two mountain ranges. 4. To dissolve (a connection or relationship): a disagreement that sundered their friendship. v.intr. To become broken into parts or disunited. [Middle English sundren, from Old English sundrian.] sun′der·ance n.

Answer 577

(kăp′stōn′) n. 1. The top stone of a structure or wall. 2. The crowning achievement or final stroke; the culmination or acme.

Answer 578

(ī-kŏn′ə-klăst′) n. 1. One who attacks and seeks to overthrow traditional or popular ideas or institutions. 2. One who destroys sacred religious images. [French iconoclaste, from Medieval Greek eikonoklastēs, smasher of religious images : eikono-, icono- + Greek -klastēs, breaker (from klān, klas-, to break).] i·con′o·clas′tic adj. i·con′o·clas′ti·cal·ly adv. Word History: Among the Ten Commandments found in the Bible is the following: "Thou shalt not make unto thee a graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth." In the 8th and 9th centuries, these words inspired some Christians of the Byzantine Empire to destroy religious images such as paintings and sculptures of Jesus, the Virgin Mary, and the saints. The Medieval Greek word for a person who destroyed such images was eikonoklastēs, formed from the elements eikōn, "image, likeness," and -klastēs, "breaker," and the Medieval Greek word is the source of the English word iconoclast. In addition to simply destroying many paintings and sculptures, the Medieval Greek iconoclasts also sought to have them barred from display and veneration. In English, the word iconoclast was originally used in reference to these Byzantine iconoclasts. During the Protestant Reformation, however, images in churches were again felt to be idolatrous and were once more banned and destroyed, and the word iconoclast came to be used of the Protestant opponents of graven images, too. In the 19th century, iconoclast took on the secular sense that it has today.

Answer 579

(so͞oth) Archaic adj. 1. Real; true. 2. Soft; smooth. n. Truth; reality.

Answer 580

n. Chiefly British 1. A small enclosed field or pasture near a house. 2. A small farm, especially a tenant farm.

Answer 581

n 1. (Nautical Terms) a sailing ship of three or more masts having the foremasts rigged square and the aftermast rigged fore-and-aft 2. any boat, esp a small sailing vessel

Answer 582

tr.v. gain·said (-sād′, -sĕd′), gain·say·ing, gain·says (-sāz′, -sĕz′) 1. To declare to be false; deny. See Synonyms at deny. 2. To oppose (someone), especially by contradiction: "She was going to fashion the end of her existence in her own way, and in this determinationshe would not be gainsaid"

Answer 583

(mə-hout′) n. A person who takes care of, rides, and controls a tamed elephant.

Answer 584

adj 1. (intensifier): the veriest coward.

Answer 585

n. A herring or salmon that has been split, salted, and smoked. tr.v. kip·pered, kip·per·ing, kip·pers To prepare (fish) by splitting, salting, and smoking.

Answer 586

n. A number indicating position in a series or order. The ordinal numbers are first (1st), second (2nd), third (3rd), and so on.

Answer 587

David Hume (1711 – 1776) was a Scottish historian, philosopher, economist, diplomat and essayist known today especially for his radical philosophical empiricism and skepticism. In light of Hume's central role in the Scottish Enlightenment, and in the history of Western philosophy, Bryan Magee judged him as a philosopher "widely regarded as the greatest who has ever written in the English language." While Hume failed in his attempts to start a university career, he took part in various diplomatic and military missions of the time. He wrote The History of England, which became a bestseller, and it became the standard history of England in its day. His empirical approach places him with John Locke, George Berkeley, and a handful of others at the time as a British Empiricist. Beginning with his A Treatise of Human Nature (1739), Hume strove to create a total naturalistic "science of man" that examined the psychological basis of human nature. In opposition to the rationalists who preceded him, most notably René Descartes, he concluded that desire rather than reason governed human behaviour. He also argued against the existence of innate ideas, concluding that humans have knowledge only of things they directly experience. He argued that inductive reasoning and therefore causality cannot be justified rationally. Our assumptions in favour of these result from custom and constant conjunction rather than logic. He concluded that humans have no actual conception of the self, only of a bundle of sensations associated with the self. Hume's compatibilist theory of free will proved extremely influential on subsequent moral philosophy. He was also a sentimentalist who held that ethics are based on feelings rather than abstract moral principles, and expounded the is–ought problem. Hume has proved extremely influential on subsequent western philosophy, especially on utilitarianism, logical positivism, William James, the philosophy of science, early analytic philosophy, cognitive philosophy, theology and other movements and thinkers. In addition, according to philosopher Jerry Fodor, Hume's Treatise is "the founding document of cognitive science". Hume engaged with contemporary intellectual luminaries such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau, James Boswell, and Adam Smith (who acknowledged Hume's influence on his economics and political philosophy). Immanuel Kant credited Hume with awakening him from "dogmatic slumbers".

Answer 588

Characterized by, arising from, or subject to caprice; impulsive or unpredictable: capricious decisions; capricious weather.

Answer 589

(kwä′shē-ôr′kôr′) n. Severe protein malnutrition, especially in children after weaning, marked by lethargy, growth retardation, anemia, edema, potbelly, skin depigmentation, and hair loss or change in hair color. [Ga (Niger-Congo language of Ghana) kwashiɔkɔ, sickness of the weanling deplaced by the birth of a sibling.]

Answer 590

David Hume (1711-1776) was a Scottish historian, philosopher, economist, diplomat and essayist known today especially for his radical philosophical empiricism and skepticism. He wrote The History of England, which became a bestseller, and it became the standard history of England in its day. His empirical approach places him with John Locke, George Berkeley, and a handful of others at the time as a British Empiricist. Beginning with his A Treatise of Human Nature (1739), Hume strove to create a total naturalistic "science of man" that examined the psychological basis of human nature. In opposition to the rationalists who preceded him, most notably René Descartes, he concluded that desire rather than reason governed human behaviour. He also argued against the existence of innate ideas, concluding that humans have knowledge only of things they directly experience. He argued that inductive reasoning and therefore causality cannot be justified rationally. Our assumptions in favour of these result from custom and constant conjunction rather than logic. He concluded that humans have no actual conception of the self, only of a bundle of sensations associated with the self. Hume's compatibilist theory of free will proved extremely influential on subsequent moral philosophy. He was also a sentimentalist who held that ethics are based on feelings rather than abstract moral principles, and expounded the is–ought problem.

Answer 591

adj. 1. Feeling regret and sorrow for one's sins or offenses; penitent. 2. Arising from or expressing contrition: contrite words. [Middle English contrit, from Latin contrītus, past participle of conterere, to crush : com-, com- + terere, to grind; see terə- in Indo-European roots.] con·trite′ly adv. con·trite′ness n.

Answer 592

(tăs′ĭ-tûrn′) adj. 1. Habitually untalkative. See Synonyms at laconic. 2. Characterized by reserve or a lack of expression: "Beneath his taciturn exterior was an optimist" (Buzz Bizzinger). [French taciturne, from Old French, from Latin taciturnus, from tacitus, silent; see tacit.] tac′i·tur′ni·ty (-tûr′nĭ-tē) n. tac′i·turn·ly adv.

Answer 593

Nominalism is a metaphysical view in philosophy according to which general or abstract terms and predicates exist, while universals or abstract objects, which are sometimes thought to correspond to these terms, do not exist. There are at least two main versions of nominalism. One version denies the existence of universals – things that can be instantiated or exemplified by many particular things (e.g., strength, humanity). The other version specifically denies the existence of abstract objects – objects that do not exist in space and time. Most nominalists have held that only physical particulars in space and time are real, and that universals exist only post res, that is, subsequent to particular things. However, some versions of nominalism hold that some particulars are abstract entities (e.g., numbers), while others are concrete entities – entities that do exist in space and time (e.g., thrones, couches, bananas). Nominalism is primarily a position on the problem of universals, which dates back at least to Plato, and is opposed to realism – the view that universals do exist over and above particulars. However, the name "nominalism" emerged from debates in medieval philosophy with Roscellinus. The term 'nominalism' stems from the Latin nomen, "name." For example, John Stuart Mill once wrote, that "there is nothing general except names". In philosophy of law, nominalism finds its application in what is called constitutional nominalism.

Answer 594

(sŭp′lĭ-kāt′) v. sup·pli·cat·ed, sup·pli·cat·ing, sup·pli·cates v.tr. 1. To ask for humbly or earnestly, as by praying. 2. To make a humble entreaty to; beseech. v.intr. To make a humble, earnest petition; beg. [Middle English supplicaten, from Latin supplicāre, supplicāt-, from supplex, supplic-, suppliant; see supple.] sup′pli·ca′tion n. sup′pli·ca·to′ry (-kə-tôr′ē) adj.

Answer 595

(mûr) n. pl. murre or murres Either of two large auks, Uria aalge or U. lomvia, having a black back and head and white underparts. [Earlier, any of various species of guillemots and other auks, probably ultimately imitative of the call of certain guillemots; akin to Scots marrot, murre, razorbill.]

Answer 596

(pĕn′tĭ-kôst′, -kŏst′) n. 1. Christianity The seventh Sunday after Easter, commemorating the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the disciples. Also called Whitsunday. 2. Judaism See Shavuot. [Middle English pentecoste, from Old English Pentecosten, from Late Latin Pentēcostē, from Greek pentēkostē (hēmerā), fiftieth (day), feminine of pentēkostos, fiftieth, from pentēkonta, fifty; see penkwe in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 597

(lĕk′sĭ-kŏn′) n. pl. lex·i·cons or lex·i·ca (-kə) 1. A dictionary. 2. A stock of terms used in a particular profession, subject, or style; a vocabulary: the lexicon of surrealist art. 3. Linguistics The morphemes of a language considered as a group.

Answer 598

n. 1. Any of various birds of the family Alaudidae, found almost worldwide and having a melodious song, especially the skylark. 2. Any of several similar birds, such as the meadowlark.

Answer 599

(kär′sə-nō′mə) n. pl. car·ci·no·mas or car·ci·no·ma·ta (-mə-tə) An invasive malignant tumor derived from epithelial tissue that tends to metastasize to other areas of the body. [Latin, cancerous ulcer, from Greek karkinōma, from karkinos, cancer; see kar- in Indo-European roots.] car′ci·no′ma·toid (-nō′mə-toid′) adj. car′ci·nom′a·tous (-nŏm′ə-təs, -nō′mə-) adj.

Answer 600

also sil·van (sĭl′vən) adj. 1. Relating to or characteristic of woods or forest regions. 2. Located in or inhabiting a wood or forest. 3. Abounding in trees; wooded. n. One that lives in or frequents the woods. [Medieval Latin sylvānus, from Latin Silvānus, god of the woods, from silva, forest.]

Answer 601

adj guilty, treacherous, or faithless; deceitful perˈfidiously adv perˈfidiousness n

Answer 602

(kôr′nĭs) n. 1. a. A horizontal molded projection that crowns or completes a building or wall. b. The uppermost part of an entablature. 2. a. A strip of molding that runs along the upper part of a wall just below the ceiling. b. An ornamental horizontal molding or frame used to conceal rods, picture hooks, or other devices. 3. An overhanging mass of windblown snow on a ridge or the crest of a mountain. tr.v. cor·niced, cor·nic·ing, cor·nic·es To supply, decorate, or finish with or as if with a cornice. [Obsolete French, from Italian, possibly from Latin cornīx, cornīc-, crow, from its resemblance to a crow's beak (influenced by Greek korōnis, curved line, flourish).]

Answer 603

n. Greek Mythology The daughter of Demeter and Zeus who was abducted by Hades but rescued by her mother and thereafter spent six months of the year on earth and six months in the underworld. The myth of her abduction represents her function as the personification of vegetation, which shoots forth in spring and withdraws into the earth after harvest; hence, she is also associated with spring as well as the fertility of vegetation. Similar myths appear in the Orient, in the cults of male gods like Attis, Adonis and Osiris, and in Minoan Crete. Persephone as a vegetation goddess and her mother Demeter were the central figures of the Eleusinian mysteries that predated the Olympian pantheon and promised to the initiated a more enjoyable prospect after death. Persephone is further said to have become by Zeus the mother of Dionysus, Iacchus, or Zagreus, usually in orphic tradition. The origins of her cult are uncertain, but it was based on very old agrarian cults of agricultural communities.

Answer 604

n. pl. an·tip·a·thies 1. Extreme dislike; aversion or repugnance. See Synonyms at enmity. 2. A feeling of aversion: longstanding antipathies between two nations. 3. Inherent incompatibility or inability to mix: the antipathy between faith and reason; the antipathy of hydrocarbons and water. [Latin antipathīa, from Greek antipatheia, from antipathēs, of opposite feelings : anti-, anti- + pathos, feeling; see pathos.]

Answer 605

(ĭn′tər-nĕs′ēn′, -ĭn, -nē′sīn′) adj. 1. Of or relating to struggle within a nation, organization, or group. 2. Mutually destructive; ruinous or fatal to both sides. 3. Characterized by bloodshed or carnage.

Answer 606

(fĕk′lĭs) adj. 1. Careless and irresponsible: "political prestidigitation designed to distract public attention from his feckless flouting of basic ethical principles" (DougIreland). 2. Feeble or ineffective: "Pickering's life was routinely threatened, and one feckless attempt had already been made to kidnap or kill him" (GarryWills).

Answer 607

n. 1. A deviation from what is considered proper or normal. See Synonyms at deviation. 2. A departure from what is typical: an election that was an aberration from usual state politics. 3. Psychology A disorder or abnormal alteration in one's mental state. 4. a. A defect of focus, such as blurring in an image. b. An imperfect image caused by a physical defect in an optical element, as in a lens. 5. The apparent displacement of the position of a celestial body in the direction of motion of an observer on Earth, caused by the motion of Earth and the finite velocity of light. 6. Genetics A deviation in the normal structure or number of chromosomes in an organism. [Latin aberrātiō, aberrātiōn-, diversion, from aberrātus, past participle of aberrāre, to go astray : ab-, away from; see errāre in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 608

n. 1. A sudden raid or military advance. 2. A venture or an initial attempt, especially outside one's usual area: an actor's foray into politics. v. for·ayed, for·ay·ing, for·ays v. intr. 1. To make a raid. 2. To make inroads, as for profit or adventure.

Answer 609

1. the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet (Δ, δ). 2. the consonant sound represented by this letter. 3. the fourth in a series of items. 4. anything triangular, like the Greek capital delta (Δ). 5. Mathematics. an incremental change in a variable, as Δ or δ. 6. a nearly flat plain of alluvial deposit between diverging branches ofthe mouth of a river, often, though not necessarily, triangular: the Nile delta. 7. (usually initial capital letter) a word used in communications torepresent the letter D. An area of the south-central United States extending on either side of the Mississippi River from Memphis, Tennessee, to Vicksburg, Mississippi. Animportant cotton-producing region, it is noted for its folk culture, especially as the home of some of the earliest blues music.

Answer 610

(Classical Myth & Legend) (in ancient Greece and Rome) a god of wine and giver of ecstasy, identified with Dionysus

Answer 611

Anna Sprengel (allegedly died in 1891), countess of Landsfeldt, love-child of Ludwig I of Bavaria and Lola Montez, is a person whose existence was never proven, and who it now seems was invented by William Wynn Westcott to confer legitimacy on the Golden Dawn. In 1901 Mathers, leader of the Golden Dawn, briefly supported the claim of Swami Laura Horos, who had long campaigned for recognition as that countess, to have written Westcott as Anna Sprengel. **Westcott's anecdote** According to William Wynn Westcott, with whom he claimed she entered into voluminous correspondence, Anna Sprengel was born in Nuremberg and was responsible for the foundation of the Golden Dawn around 1886. She is supposed to have held a Rosicrucian ritual and to have nominated Westcott as the head of the Golden Dawn in Britain. One of Westcott's friends had decoded a series of manuscripts which the occultist Fred Hockley had brought from Germany which were given to him by a German Rosicrucian secret society. The address which was encoded there was that of a certain Anna Sprengel, countesse of Landsfeldt, near Nuremberg. It was thus that Westcott is supposed to have been put into contact with Anna Sprengel. By 1886, Anna Sprengel is supposed to have already established contact with the person who would become the main leader of the Golden Dawn in Britain, Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers (1854-1918). Anna Sprengel is supposed to have given Mathers a charter authorising him to found lodges of the Golden Dawn in Britain. Westcott and Mathers henceforth collaborated to develop the Golden Dawn, notably in France and in the United States.

Answer 612

(pə-lēs′) n. 1. A long cloak or outer robe, usually of fur or with a fur lining. 2. A woman's loose light cloak, often with openings for the arms. [French, from Old French pelice, from Late Latin pellīcia, from Latin, feminine of pellīcius, made of skin, from pellis, skin; see pel- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 613

(kŏk′ər-əl) n. A young rooster. [Middle English cokerel, diminutive of cok, cock; see cock.]

Answer 614

Baruch Spinoza (1632 – 1677, later Benedict de Spinoza) was a Dutch philosopher of Sephardi Portuguese origin. The breadth and importance of Spinoza's work was not fully realized until many years after his death. By laying the groundwork for the 18th-century Enlightenment and modern biblical criticism, including modern conceptions of the self and, arguably, the universe, he came to be considered one of the great rationalists of 17th-century philosophy. His magnum opus, the posthumous Ethics, in which he opposed Descartes' mind–body dualism, has earned him recognition as one of Western philosophy's most important thinkers. In the Ethics, "Spinoza wrote the last indisputable Latin masterpiece, and one in which the refined conceptions of medieval philosophy are finally turned against themselves and destroyed entirely." Hegel said, "You are either a Spinozist or not a philosopher at all."

Answer 615

(kăt′ər-wôl′) intr. v. cat·er·wauled, cat·er·waul·ing, cat·er·wauls 1. To cry or screech like a cat in heat. 2. To make a shrill, discordant sound. 3. To have a noisy argument. n. A shrill, discordant sound.

Answer 616

adj. hal·er, hal·est Free from infirmity or illness; sound. See Synonyms at healthy. hale′ness n.

Answer 617

(pĕr′ĭ-kär′dē-əm) n. pl. per·i·car·di·a (-dē-ə) The membranous sac filled with serous fluid that encloses the heart and the roots of the aorta and other large blood vessels. [New Latin, from Greek perikardion, from perikardios, around the heart : peri-, peri- + kardiā, heart; see kerd- in Indo-European roots.] per′i·car′di·al (-dē-əl), per′i·car′di·ac′ (-dē-ăk′) adj.

Answer 618

(ĭn-sī′sĭv) adj. Penetrating, clear, and sharp, as in operation or expression: an incisive mind; incisive comments. in·ci′sive·ly adv. in·ci′sive·ness n.

Answer 619

n. Either of two times of the year when the sun is at its greatest angular distance from the celestial equator. The summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere occurs about June 21, when the sun is at the zenith on the Tropic of Cancer; the winter solstice occurs about December 21, when the sun is at zenith on the Tropic of Capricorn. The summer solstice is the longest day of the year; the winter solstice is the shortest. [Middle English, from Old French, from Latin sōlstitium : sōl, sun; see sāwel- in Indo-European roots + -stitium, a stoppage; see stā- in Indo-European roots.] sol·sti′tial (-stĭsh′əl) adj.

Answer 620

Oliver Cromwell (1599 – 1658) was an English military and political leader and later Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland. Born into the middle gentry, Cromwell was relatively obscure for the first 40 years of his life. After undergoing a religious conversion in the 1630s, he became an independent puritan, taking a generally tolerant view towards the many Protestant sects of his period. An intensely religious man—a self-styled Puritan Moses—he fervently believed that God was guiding his victories. He was elected Member of Parliament for Huntingdon in 1628 and for Cambridge in the Short (1640) and Long (1640–49) Parliaments. He entered the English Civil War on the side of the "Roundheads" or Parliamentarians. Nicknamed "Old Ironsides", he was quickly promoted from leading a single cavalry troop to become one of the principal commanders of the New Model Army, playing an important role in the defeat of the royalist forces. Cromwell was one of the signatories of King Charles I's death warrant in 1649, and, as a member of the Rump Parliament (1649–53), he dominated the short-lived Commonwealth of England. Cromwell's forces defeated the Confederate and Royalist coalition in Ireland and occupied the country – bringing to an end the Irish Confederate Wars. During this period a series of Penal Laws were passed against Roman Catholics (a significant minority in England and Scotland but the vast majority in Ireland), and a substantial amount of their land was confiscated. Cromwell also led a campaign against the Scottish army between 1650 and 1651. On 20 April 1653 he dismissed the Rump Parliament by force, setting up a short-lived nominated assembly known as Barebone's Parliament, before being invited by his fellow leaders to rule as Lord Protector of England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland from 16 December 1653. As a ruler he executed an aggressive and effective foreign policy. After his death from natural causes in 1658 he was buried in Westminster Abbey, but after the Royalists returned to power in 1660 they had his corpse dug up, hung in chains, and beheaded. Cromwell is one of the most controversial figures in the history of the British Isles, considered a regicidal dictator by historians such as David Sharp, a military dictator by Winston Churchill, but a hero of liberty by John Milton, Thomas Carlyle and Samuel Rawson Gardiner, and a class revolutionary by Leon Trotsky. In a 2002 BBC poll in Britain, Cromwell was selected as one of the ten greatest Britons of all time. However, his measures against Catholics in Scotland and Ireland have been characterised as genocidal or near-genocidal, and in Ireland his record is harshly criticised.

Answer 621

Ludwig Wittgenstein (/ˈvɪtɡənˌstaɪn/; German: 1889 – 1951) was an Austrian-British philosopher who worked primarily in logic, the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of mind, and the philosophy of language. During his lifetime he published just one slim book, the 75-page Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1921), one article, one book review and a children's dictionary. His voluminous manuscripts were edited and published posthumously. Philosophical Investigations appeared as a book in 1953 and by the end of the century it was considered an important modern classic. Philosopher Bertrand Russell described Wittgenstein as "the most perfect example I have ever known of genius as traditionally conceived; passionate, profound, intense, and dominating". Born in Vienna into one of Europe's richest families, he inherited a large fortune from his father in 1913. He gave some considerable sums to poor artists. In a period of severe personal depression after the first World War, he then gave away his entire fortune to his brothers and sisters. Three of his brothers committed suicide, with Wittgenstein contemplating it too. His philosophy is often divided into an early period, exemplified by the Tractatus, and a later period, articulated in the Philosophical Investigations. The early Wittgenstein was concerned with the logical relationship between propositions and the world and believed that by providing an account of the logic underlying this relationship, he had solved all philosophical problems. The later Wittgenstein rejected many of the assumptions of the Tractatus, arguing that the meaning of words is best understood as their use within a given language-game. Wittgenstein's influence has been felt in nearly every field of the humanities and social sciences, yet there are diverging interpretations of his thought. In the words of his friend and colleague Georg Henrik von Wright: He was of the opinion... that his ideas were generally misunderstood and distorted even by those who professed to be his disciples. He doubted he would be better understood in the future. He once said he felt as though he was writing for people who would think in a different way, breathe a different air of life, from that of present-day men.

Answer 622

(drîr) adj. Dreary.

Answer 623

(ŏb-tro͞od′, əb-) v. ob·trud·ed, ob·trud·ing, ob·trudes v. tr. 1. To impose (oneself or one's ideas) on others with undue insistence or without invitation. 2. To thrust out; push forward. v.intr. To impose oneself on others. [Latin obtrūdere : ob-, against; see trūdere in Indo-European roots.] ob·trud′er n. ob·tru′sion (-tro͞o′zhən) n.

Answer 624

(dĭs-kŏn′sə-lĭt) adj. 1. Seeming beyond consolation; extremely dejected: disconsolate at the loss of the dog. See Synonyms at depressed. 2. Cheerless; gloomy: a disconsolate winter landscape.

Answer 625

(dī′ə-klē′shən) Originally Gaius Aurelius Valerius Diocletianus. ad 245?-313? Emperor of Rome (284-305) who divided the empire into east and west (286) in an attempt to rule the territory more effectively. His desire to revivethe old religion of Rome led to the last major persecution of the Christians (303).

Answer 626

n (Horse Training, Riding & Manège) a bag, fastened around the head of a horse and covering the nose, in which feed is placed

Answer 627

(mĕn′dĭ-kənt) adj. 1. Depending on alms for a living; practicing begging. 2. Of or relating to religious orders whose members are forbidden to own property individually or in common and must work or beg for their livings. n. 1. A beggar. 2. A member of a mendicant order.

Answer 628

(glād) n. 1. An open space in a forest. 2. A tract of marshland.

Answer 629

(prŏm′ə-nād′, -näd′) n. 1. a. A leisurely walk, especially one taken in a public place as a social activity. b. A public place for such walking. 2. a. A formal dance; a ball. b. A march of all the guests at the opening of a ball. 3. A square-dance figure in which couples march counterclockwise in a circle. 4. In ballet, a slow supported turn on one foot. v. prom·e·nad·ed, prom·e·nad·ing, prom·e·nades v. intr. 1. To go on a leisurely walk. 2. To execute a promenade at a ball or in square dancing. v. tr. 1. To take a promenade along or through: "[The] young women ... promenaded the streets in the cool of evening" (Charles Dickens). 2. To take or display on or as if on a promenade: promenade a friend; promenade one's charms. [French, from promener, to take for a walk, from Latin prōmināre, to drive forward : prō-, forward; see mināre in Indo-European roots).] prom′e·nad′er n.

Answer 630

(ĭ-līd′) tr.v. e·lid·ed, e·lid·ing, e·lides 1. a. To omit or slur over (a syllable, for example) in pronunciation. b. To strike out (something written). 2. a. To eliminate or leave out of consideration. b. To cut short; abridge.

Answer 631

n., adj. & pron. Two.

Answer 632

v. tr. 1. To bring up and expel from the throat or stomach; vomit. 2. To discharge violently; spew. 3. To surrender (stolen goods or money, for example) unwillingly. v.intr. To discharge or pour forth contents.

Answer 633

(strĭk′chər) n. 1. A restraint, limit, or restriction: strictures placed on free assembly; strictures against food in the library; the strictures of traditional gender roles. 2. An abnormal narrowing of a bodily duct or passage. 3. An adverse remark or criticism: "my writing ... which he praises sufficiently to give his strictures a good deal of force" (Virginia Woolf). [Middle English, an abnormal narrowing of a bodily part, from Late Latin strictūra, contraction, from Latin strictus, past participle of stringere, to draw tight; see strict.]

Answer 634

Plotinus (/plɒˈtaɪnəs/; c. 204/5 – 270) was a major philosopher of the ancient world. In his philosophy there are three principles: the One, the Intellect, and the Soul. His teacher was Ammonius Saccas and he is of the Platonic tradition. Historians of the 19th century invented the term Neoplatonism and applied it to him and his philosophy which was influential in Late Antiquity. Much of the biographical information about Plotinus comes from Porphyry's preface to his edition of Plotinus' Enneads. His metaphysical writings have inspired centuries of Pagan, Christian, Jewish, Islamic and Gnostic metaphysicians and mystics. Plotinus taught that there is a supreme, totally transcendent "One", containing no division, multiplicity or distinction; beyond all categories of being and non-being. His "One" "cannot be any existing thing", nor is it merely the sum of all things [compare the Stoic doctrine of disbelief in non-material existence], but "is prior to all existents". Plotinus identified his "One" with the concept of 'Good' and the principle of 'Beauty'.

Answer 635

tr.v. be·sot·ted, be·sot·ting, be·sots To muddle or stupefy, as with alcoholic liquor or infatuation. [be- + sot, to stupefy (from sot, fool; see sot) or from assot, to befool (from Old French assoter, from sot, foolish).]

Answer 636

(ĭn-trăk′tə-bəl) adj. 1. a. Difficult to manage, deal with, or change to an acceptable condition: an intractable conflict; an intractable dilemma. b. Difficult to alleviate, remedy, or cure: intractable pain; intractable depression. 2. Difficult to persuade or keep under control, as in behavior: "Bullheaded enough when he was cold sober, he was intractable after a few drinks" (John Grisham). See Synonyms at obstinate. 3. Difficult to mold or manipulate: intractable materials. in·trac′ta·bil′i·ty, in·trac′ta·ble·ness n. in·trac′ta·bly adv.

Answer 637

(frə-nĕt′ĭk) also fre·net·i·cal or phre·net·i·cal (-ĭ-kəl) adj. Wildly excited or active; frantic; frenzied.

Answer 638

(trī-ŭm′vər-ĭt) n. 1. Government by triumvirs. 2. The office or term of a triumvir. 3. A body or group of triumvirs. 4. An association or a group of three. Also called troika. [Latin triumvirātus, from triumvirī, board of three; see triumvir.]

Answer 639

n. 1. Any of various small graceful swift-flying passerine birds of the family Hirundinidae, having long pointed wings, a usually notched or forked tail, and a large mouth for catching flying insects. 2. Any of various similar birds, such as a swift.

Answer 640

n. A plant of the nightshade family, especially a poisonous one of the genus Solanum or Atropa, such as bittersweet nightshade or belladonna.

Answer 641

(hə-rŏl′ə-jē) n. 1. The science of measuring time. 2. The art of making timepieces. [Greek hōrā, hour, season; see yēr- in Indo-European roots + -logy.]

Answer 642

adj. 1. Ill-tempered; irritable. 2. Chiefly British Somewhat hungry. [From peck, to eat.]

Answer 643

n. pl. tau·tol·o·gies 1. a. Needless repetition of the same sense in different words; redundancy. b. An instance of such repetition. 2. Logic An empty or vacuous statement composed of simpler statements in a fashion that makes it logically true whether the simpler statements are factually true or false; for example, the statement Either it will rain tomorrow or it will not rain tomorrow. tau′to·log′i·cal (tôt′l-ŏj′ĭ-kəl), tau′to·log′ic (-ĭk), tau·tol′o·gous (-tŏl′ə-gəs) adj. tau′to·log′i·cal·ly, tau·tol′o·gous·ly adv.

Answer 644

n. 1. a. A small piece of absorbent material attached to the end of a stick or wire and used for cleansing a surface, applying medicine, or collecting a sample of a substance. b. A sample collected with a swab. 2. A sponge or patch of absorbent material used to clean the bore of a firearm or cannon. * *3. A mop used for cleaning floors or decks.** 4. Slang A sailor. 5. Slang A lout. tr. v. swabbed, swab·bing, swabs also swobbed or swob·bing or swobs 1. To use a swab on. 2. To clean with a swab. 3. To collect a sample from (a person, for example) using a swab.

Answer 645

n. pl. my·o·car·di·a (-dē-ə) The muscular tissue of the heart. [New Latin : myo- + Greek kardiā, heart; see kerd- in Indo-European roots.] my′o·car′di·al adj.

Answer 646

A teleology is an account of a given thing's end or purpose. For instance, we might give a teleological account of why forks have prongs by showing their purpose—how the design helps humans to eat certain foods. Stabbing food and helping humans eat is what forks are for.

Answer 647

(fŏb) n. 1. A small pocket at the front waistline of a man's trousers or in the front of a vest, used especially to hold a watch. 2. a. A short chain or ribbon attached to a pocket watch and worn hanging in front of the vest or waist. b. An ornament or seal attached to such a chain or ribbon. 3. A key fob. [Probably akin to Low German Fobke, small pocket.]

Answer 648

In the philosophy of Kant, an object as it is in itself independent of the mind, as opposed to a phenomenon. Also called thing-in-itself.

Answer 649

n. Greek Mythology A god personifying the gentle west wind. Zephyrus, or sometimes just Zephyr, in Latin Favonius, is the Greek god of the west wind. The gentlest of the winds, Zephyrus is known as the fructifying wind, the messenger of spring. It was thought that Zephyrus lived in a cave in Thrace. Zephyrus was reported as having several wives in different stories. He was said to be the husband of Iris, goddess of the rainbow. He abducted the goddess Chloris, and gave her the domain of flowers. With Chloris, he fathered Karpos ("Fruit"). He is said to have vied for Chloris's love with his brother Boreas, eventually winning her devotion. Additionally, with yet another sister and lover, the harpy Podarge (also known as Celaeno), Zephyrus was said to be the father of Balius and Xanthus, Achilles' horses. One of the surviving myths in which Zephyrus features most prominently is that of Hyacinth. Hyacinth was a very handsome and athletic Spartan prince. Zephyrus fell in love with him and courted him, and so did Apollo. The two competed for the boy's love, but he chose Apollo, driving Zephyrus mad with jealousy. Later, catching Apollo and Hyacinth throwing a discus, Zephyrus blew a gust of wind at them, striking the boy in the head with the falling discus. When Hyacinth died, Apollo created the hyacinth flower from his blood. Apollo was furious, but Eros protected Zephyrus, as the act was committed in the name of love, on the condition that the wind god served Eros forever. In the story of Cupid and Psyche, Zephyrus served Eros (or Cupid) by transporting Psyche to his abode.

Answer 650

(băs′ə-lĭsk′, băz′-) n 1. (Classical Myth & Legend) (in classical legend) a serpent that could kill by its breath or glance 2. (Animals) any small arboreal semiaquatic lizard of the genus Basiliscus of tropical America: family Iguanidae (iguanas). The males have aninflatable head crest, used in display 3. (Firearms, Gunnery, Ordnance & Artillery) a 16th-century medium cannon, usually made of brass

Answer 651

(kŏj′ĭ-tāt′) intr. & tr.v. cog·i·tat·ed, cog·i·tat·ing, cog·i·tates To take careful thought or think carefully about; ponder. See Synonyms at think. [Latin cōgitāre, cōgitāt- : co-, intensive pref.; see co- + agitāre, to consider; see agitate.] cog′i·ta′tor n.

Answer 652

1. Nautical A rope attached to the weather leech of a square sail to hold the leech forward when sailing close-hauled. 2. A knot forming a loop that does not slip.

Answer 653

(săt′ər-nīn′) adj. 1. Having the temperament of one born under the supposed astrological influence of Saturn. 2. a. Melancholy or sullen. b. Having or marked by a tendency to be bitter or sardonic: a saturnine expression on his face. 3. Produced by absorption of lead.

Answer 654

(ə-pŏth′ē-ō′sĭs, ăp′ə-thē′ə-sĭs) n. pl. a·poth·e·o·ses (-sēz′) 1. Exaltation to divine rank or stature; deification. 2. Elevation to a preeminent or transcendent position; glorification: "tried to attribute Warhol's current apotheosis to the subversive power of artistic vision" (Michiko Kakutani). 3. An exalted or glorified example: Their leader was the apotheosis of courage. [Late Latin apotheōsis, from Greek, from apotheoun, to deify : apo-, change; see theos in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 655

(ĭn-sīz′) tr.v. in·cised, in·cis·ing, in·cis·es 1. To cut into, as with a sharp instrument: incised the tablet with chisels; a plateau that had been deeply incised by streams. 2. a. To engrave (designs or writing, for example) into a surface; carve. b. To engrave designs, writing, or other marks into.

Answer 656

James Randi is a Canadian-American retired stage magician and scientific skeptic best known for his challenges to paranormal claims and pseudoscience. Randi is the co-founder of Committee for Skeptical Inquiry (CSI) and the founder of the James Randi Educational Foundation (JREF). He began his career as a magician named The Amazing Randi, but after retiring at age 60, he chose to devote most of his time to investigating paranormal, occult, and supernatural claims, which he collectively calls "woo-woo". Although often referred to as a "debunker", Randi dislikes the term's connotations and prefers to describe himself as an "investigator". He has written about the paranormal phenomena, skepticism, and the history of magic. He was a frequent guest on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson and was occasionally featured on the television program Penn & Teller: Bullshit! The JREF sponsors the One Million Dollar Paranormal Challenge offering a prize of US $1,000,000 to eligible applicants who can demonstrate evidence of any paranormal, supernatural or occult power or event under test conditions agreed to by both parties. Randi entered the international spotlight in 1972 when he publicly challenged the claims of Uri Geller. In 1976, Randi, Martin Gardner and Ray Hyman founded the Committee for Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal (CSICOP), using donations and sales of their magazine, Skeptical Inquirer. They and secular humanist philosopher Paul Kurtz took seats on the executive board, with Isaac Asimov and Carl Sagan joining as founding members. Randi traveled the world on behalf of CSICOP, becoming its public face, and according to Ray Hyman, the face of the skeptical movement.

Answer 657

(făr′ē-ər) n. One who shoes horses. [Obsolete French ferrier, from Latin ferrārius, of iron, blacksmith, from ferrum, iron.] far′ri·er·y n.

Answer 658

(ĭng′gəl-no͝ok′) n. 1. A nook or corner beside an open fireplace. 2. A bench, especially either of two facing benches, placed in a nook or corner beside a fireplace. [ingle + nook.]

Answer 659

(ô-tŏk′thə-nəs) also au·toch·tho·nal (-thə-nəl) or au·toch·thon·ic (ô′tŏk-thŏn′ĭk) adj. 1. Originating or formed in the place where found; indigenous: autochthonous rocks; an autochthonous people; autochthonous folk tales. See Synonyms at native. 2. Ecology Native to or produced within a system: an autochthonous species; algae that provide an autochthonous source of nutrients in a lake. au·toch′thon·ism, au·toch′tho·ny n. au·toch′tho·nous·ly adv.

Answer 660

(mər-kyo͝or′ē-əl) adj. 1. often Mercurial a. Roman Mythology Of or relating to the god Mercury. b. Astronomy Of or relating to the planet Mercury. 2. Having the characteristics of eloquence, shrewdness, swiftness, and thievishness attributed to the god Mercury. 3. Containing or caused by the action of the element mercury. 4. Quick and changeable in temperament; volatile: a mercurial nature. n. A pharmacological or chemical preparation containing mercury.

Answer 661

A region of central and eastern Russia stretching from the Ural Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. Inhabited by a variety of peoples including the Ostyak, Chukchi, Evenki, and Yakut, Siberia was annexed by Russia in stages during the 1500s and 1600s. Long used as a place of exile for political prisoners, Siberia began to be developed for its mineral resources after the completion of the Trans-Siberian Railroad in the early 20th century.

Answer 662

n. 1. a. A commissioned rank formerly used in the US Navy that was above captain and below rear admiral. Abolished in 1899, it was restored temporarily during World War II and in the early 1980s. b. One who holds this rank. c. Used as an honorary title for a captain in the US Navy in command of a fleet division or squadron. 2. a. The senior captain of a naval squadron or merchant fleet. b. The presiding officer of a yacht club. [Obsolete commandore, probably from Dutch komandeur, commander, from French commandeur, from Old French, from comander, to command; see command.]

Answer 663

(tə-lĕm′ə-kəs) n. Greek Mythology The son of Odysseus and Penelope, who helped his father kill Penelope's suitors.

Answer 664

(sī′kō-pŏmp′) n. In various systems of religious belief, a being, such as a god or a person acting as a shaman, who guides the spirits of the dead to the afterlife or the otherworld. Psychopomps (from the Greek word psuchopompos, meaning the "guide of souls") are creatures, spirits, angels, or deities in many religions whose responsibility is to escort newly deceased souls from Earth to the afterlife. Their role is not to judge the deceased, but simply to provide safe passage. Frequently depicted on funerary art, psychopomps have been associated at different times and in different cultures with horses, whip-poor-wills, ravens, dogs, crows, owls, sparrows, cuckoos, and harts. Classical examples of a psychopomp in Greek, Roman and Egyptian mythology are Charon, Hermes, Mercury, and Anubis. In Jungian psychology, the psychopomp is a mediator between the unconscious and conscious realms. It is symbolically personified in dreams as a wise man or woman, or sometimes as a helpful animal. In many cultures, the shaman also fulfills the role of the psychopomp. This may include not only accompanying the soul of the dead, but also vice versa: to help at birth, to introduce the newborn child's soul to the world. This also accounts for the contemporary title of "midwife to the dying", or "End of Life Doula" which is another form of psychopomp work.

Answer 665

n. 1. The state of being solicitous; care or concern, as for the well-being of another. 2. A cause of concern: "Our party went off extremely well. There were many solicitudes, alarms & vexations beforehand of course" (Jane Austen).

Answer 666

n. The hoarse raucous sound that is characteristic of a crow or similar bird. intr.v. cawed, caw·ing, caws To utter such a hoarse raucous sound.

Answer 667

The fictional conspiratorial group from The Illuminatus! Trilogy. In those novels, the JAMs are what the Illuminati call a group of Discordians who have infiltrated the Illuminati in order to feed them false information.

Answer 668

(fĕr′əl) n. 1. A metal ring or cap placed around a pole or shaft for reinforcement or to prevent splitting. 2. A bushing used to secure a pipe joint. [Alteration (influenced by Latin ferrum, iron) of Middle English verrele, from Old French virole, from Latin viriola, little bracelet, diminutive of viriae, bracelets; see wei- in Indo-European roots.] fer′rule v.

Answer 669

adj. 1. Of, relating to, or having a personality disorder marked by extreme shyness, flat affect, reclusiveness, discomfort with others, and an inability to form close relationships. 2. Of, relating to, or suggestive of schizophrenia. No longer in scientific use. 3. Informal Relating to or characterized by the coexistence of disparate or antagonistic elements: "This schizoid town is part resort, part sardine cannery" (Jean Anderson). n. A schizoid person.

Answer 670

Athena, often given the epithet Pallas, is the goddess of wisdom, courage, inspiration, civilization, law and justice, mathematics, strength, war strategy, the arts, crafts, and skill in ancient Greek religion and mythology. Athena is portrayed as a shrewd companion of heroes and is the patron goddess of heroic endeavour. She is the virgin patroness of Athens. The Athenians founded the Parthenon on the Acropolis of her namesake city, Athens, in her honour. Also called: Pallas Athena or Pallas Roman counterpart: Minerva

Answer 671

also qua·haug (kō′hôg′, -hŏg′, kwô′-, kwō′-) n. An edible clam (Mercenaria mercenaria) of the Atlantic coast of North America, having a hard rounded shell. Also called hard-shell clam, round clam.

Answer 672

(thîr′ē-ə-môr′fĭk) also the·ri·o·mor·phous (-fəs) adj. Thought of as having the form of a beast. Used of a deity. [Greek thērion, diminutive of thēr, wild beast; see theropod + -morphic.]

Answer 673

(mī′kə) n. Any of a group of chemically and physically related aluminum silicate minerals, common in igneous and metamorphic rocks, characteristically splitting into flexible sheets used in insulation and electrical equipment. [Latin mīca, grain (perhaps influenced by micāre, to flash).] mi·ca′ceous (-kā′shəs) adj.

Answer 674

A city of northern Egypt on the Mediterranean Sea at the western tip of the Nile Delta. It was founded by Alexander the Great in 332 bc and became a repository of Jewish, Arab, and Hellenistic culture famous for its extensivelibraries. Its pharos (lighthouse) was one of the Seven Wonders of the World.

Answer 675

(kyo͞o-kûr′bĭt) n. 1. Any of various mostly climbing or trailing plants of the family Cucurbitaceae, which includes the squash, pumpkin, cucumber, gourd, watermelon, and cantaloupe. 2. A gourd-shaped flask forming the body of an alembic, formerly used in distillation. [Middle English cucurbite, from Old French, from Latin cucurbita, gourd.]

Answer 676

(ə-skăns′) also a·skant (ə-skănt′) adv. 1. With disapproval, suspicion, or distrust: "The area is so dirty that merchants report the tourists are looking askance" (Chris Black). 2. With a sideways glance; obliquely.

Answer 677

n. A small secluded wooded valley.

Answer 678

(bĭl′yəs) adj. 1. Of, relating to, or containing bile; biliary. 2. a. Characterized by an excess secretion of bile. b. Relating to, characterized by, or experiencing gastric distress caused by a disorder of the liver or gallbladder. c. Appearing as if affected by such a disorder; sickly. 3. Resembling bile, especially in color: a bilious green. 4. Having a peevish disposition; ill-humored. bil′ious·ly adv. bil′ious·ness n.

Answer 679

apoapsis (ăp′ō-ăp′sĭs) n. pl. ap·o·ap·si·des (-ăp′sĭ-dēz′) The point at which an orbiting object is farthest away from the center of mass of the body it is orbiting. periapsis (pĕr′ē-ăp′sĭs) n. pl. per·i·ap·si·des (-sĭ-dēz′) The point at which an orbiting object is closest to the center of mass of the body it is orbiting.

Answer 680

(kăn-tōn′mənt, -tŏn′-) n. 1. a. A group of temporary billets for troops. b. Assignment of troops to temporary quarters. 2. A permanent military installation in India.

Answer 681

(dĭ-sĕm′bəl) v. dis·sem·bled, dis·sem·bling, dis·sem·bles v.intr. To disguise or conceal one's real nature, motives, or feelings behind a false appearance. v.tr. To disguise or conceal behind a false appearance. See Synonyms at disguise. [Middle English dissemblen, from Old French dessembler, to be different : des-, dis- + sembler, to appear, seem; see semblable.] dis·sem′blance n. dis·sem′bler n. dis·sem′bling·ly adv.

Answer 682

adj. Being truly so called; real or genuine: "Her tea ... was set forth with as much grace as if she had been a veritable guest to her own self" (Mary Wilkins Freeman). [Middle English, from Old French, from verite; see verity.] ver′i·ta·ble·ness n. ver′i·ta·bly adv.

Answer 683

(ĭn-tûr′mə-nə-bəl) adj. Being or seeming to be without an end; endless: an interminable wait at the airport. See Synonyms at continual. in·ter′mi·na·bil′i·ty n. in·ter′mi·na·bly adv.

Answer 684

(dĕk′ər-əs, dĭ-kôr′əs) adj. Characterized by or exhibiting decorum; proper: decorous behavior. [From Latin decōrus, becoming, handsome, from decor, seemliness, beauty; see dek- in Indo-European roots.] dec′o·rous·ly adv. dec′o·rous·ness n.

Answer 685

also poe·nol·o·gy (pē-nŏl′ə-jē) n. The study, theory, and practice of prison management and criminal rehabilitation. [Latin poena, penalty (from Greek poinē; see kwei- in Indo-European roots) + -logy.] pe′no·log′i·cal (pē′nə-lŏj′ĭ-kəl) adj. pe′no·log′i·cal·ly adv. pe·nol′o·gist n.

Answer 686

(glāv) n. Archaic A sword, especially a broadsword.

Answer 687

(lo͞o′ərd, lē′wərd) adv. & adj. On or toward the side to which the wind is blowing. n. The lee side or quarter.

Answer 688

The ekpyrotic universe, or ekpyrotic scenario, is a cosmological model of the origin and shape of the universe. The name comes from a Stoic term ekpyrosis (Ancient Greek ἐκπύρωσις ekpurōsis) meaning conflagration or in Stoic usage "conversion into fire".1 The ekpyrotic model of the Universe is an alternative to the standard cosmic inflation model for the very early universe; both models accommodate the standard Big Bang Lambda-CDM model of our universe.23 The ekpyrotic model is a precursor to, and part of, some cyclic models. The ekpyrotic model came out of work by Neil Turok and Paul Steinhardt and maintains that the Universe did not start in a singularity, but came about from the collision of two branes.

Answer 689

n. 1. A red or pink cosmetic for coloring the cheeks or lips. 2. A reddish powder, chiefly ferric oxide, used to polish metals or glass. v. rouged, roug·ing, roug·es v. tr. 1. To put rouge onto: rouged her cheeks. 2. To color or prettify as if with a facial cosmetic: "Their job is to rouge up the war ... to turn the horror into cheering press releases" (Richard Corliss). v.intr. To use rouge. [French, from Old French, red, from Latin rubeus; see reudh- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 690

(găr′ĭt) n. An attic room or rooms, typically under a pitched roof. [Middle English, from Old French garite, watchtower, from garir, to defend, of Germanic origin; see wer- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 691

v. reaved also reft (rĕft), reav·ing, reaves Archaic v. tr. 1. To seize and carry off forcibly. 2. To deprive (one) of something; bereave. v.intr. To rob, plunder, or pillage. [Middle English reven, to plunder, from Old English rēafian; see reup- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 692

(mō′hâr′) n. 1. The long silky hair of the Angora goat. 2. Fabric or yarn made from this hair.

Answer 693

(stōn′chăt′) n. Any of various small insectivorous birds of the genus Saxicola of Eurasia and Africa, especially S. rubicola, which has a black head and chestnut underparts. [From the resemblance of the call of S. rubicola to the sound of two small stones being struck together.]

Answer 694

(dī′ə-dĕm′, -dəm) n. 1. A crown worn as a sign of royalty. 2. Royal power or dignity. tr.v. di·a·demed, di·a·dem·ing, di·a·dems To adorn with or as if with a diadem.

Answer 695

(pŏl′ē-glŏt′) adj. Speaking, writing, written in, or composed of several languages. n. 1. A person having a speaking, reading, or writing knowledge of several languages. 2. A book, especially a Bible, containing several versions of the same text in different languages. 3. A mixture or confusion of languages. [French polyglotte, from Greek poluglōttos : polu-, poly- + glōtta, tongue, language.] pol′y·glot′ism, pol′y·glot′tism n.

Answer 696

n. 1. a. A pipe or channel designed to transport water from a remote source, usually by gravity. b. A bridgelike structure supporting a conduit or canal passing over a river or low ground. 2. Anatomy A channel or passage in an organ or a body part, especially such a channel for conveying fluid. [Latin aquaeductus : aquae, genitive of aqua, water; see aqua + ductus, a leading; see duct.]

Answer 697

n. (Physical Geography) an open valley, usually in an area of low hills

Answer 698

conj. 1. Toward or at which. 2. As a result or consequence of; whereupon. ## Footnote "I lunged gayly with my stick at a lamp-post and missed it, whereat a street-urchin grinned, and I winked at him and slipped twopence down his back."

Answer 699

(kûr′ənt, kŭr′-) n. 1. Any of various deciduous, spineless shrubs of the genus Ribes, native chiefly to the Northern Hemisphere and having flowers in racemes and edible red, black, or white berries. 2. The fruits of any of these plants, used for jams, jellies, desserts, or beverages. 3. A small seedless raisin of the Mediterranean region, used chiefly in baking. 4. Any of several other plants or their fruit. Wikipedia: Zante currants, Corinth raisins, or Corinthian raisins, also called simply currants, are dried berries of the small, sweet, seedless grape cultivar 'Black Corinth'. The name comes from the Anglo-Frenchphrase "raisins de Corinthe" (grapes of Corinth) and the Ionian island of Zakynthos (Zante), which was once the major producer and exporter. It is not related to black, red or white currants, which are berries of shrubs in the Ribes genus and not usually prepared in dried form. The currant is one of the oldest known raisins.

Answer 700

(ŏk′sə-pŭt′, -pət) n. pl. oc·cip·i·ta (ŏk-sĭp′ĭ-tə) or oc·ci·puts The back part of the head or skull. [Middle English, from Latin occiput, occipit- : ob-, against; see caput in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 701

n. 1. Something apparently seen but having no physical reality; a phantom or an apparition. Also called phantasma. 2. An illusory mental image. Also called phantasma. 3. In Platonic philosophy, objective reality as perceived and distorted by the five senses. [Middle English fantasme, from Old French, from Latin phantasma, from Greek, from phantazein, to make visible, from phantos, visible, from phainein, to show; see bhā- in Indo-European roots.] phan·tas′mal (făn-tăz′məl), phan·tas′mic (-tăz′mĭk) adj.

Answer 702

n. 1. A large or high waterfall. 2. A great downpour; a deluge. 3. Medicine Opacity of the lens or capsule of the eye, causing impairment of vision or blindness. cat′a·rac′tous (-răk′təs) adj.

Answer 703

n. 1. A shelf or projection at the back or side of a fireplace, used for keeping food or utensils warm. 2. A tool used for cutting the teeth of machine parts, as of a gearwheel. n. 1. Chiefly British A hobgoblin, sprite, or elf. 2. Mischievous behavior. n 1. (Cookery) Brit the flat top part of a cooking stove, or a separate flat surface, containing hotplates or burners 2. (Cookery) a shelf beside an open fire, for keeping kettles, etc, hot 3. (Tools) a steel pattern used in forming a mould or die in cold metal 4. (Tools) a hard steel rotating cutting tool used in machines for cutting gears vb, hobs, hobbing or hobbed 5. (Tools) (tr) to cut or form with a hob

Answer 704

(kä′drā, -drə, kăd′rē, kä′dər) n. 1. A nucleus of trained personnel around which a larger organization can be built and trained: a cadre of corporals who train recruits. 2. a. A tightly knit group of zealots who are active in advancing the interests of a revolutionary party. b. A member of such a group.

Answer 705

(mŭs′kăt′, -kət) n. 1. Any of various fragrant white, red, or black grapes, used for making wine or raisins. 2. Muscatel wine.

Answer 706

A shore toward which the wind blows and toward which a ship is likely to be driven.

Answer 707

adj. 1. Excessively sparing or frugal. 2. Accounting for observed data with a relatively simple explanation: The physicist argued that her new theory was more parsimonious than the standard model. par′si·mo′ni·ous·ly adv. par′si·mo′ni·ous·ness n.

Answer 708

(kâr′ē-əs) adj. Having caries, especially of the teeth; decayed. car′i·os′i·ty (-ŏs′ĭ-tē), car′i·ous·ness n.

Answer 709

n. Chiefly British A lawyer who is authorized to appear and present cases at any court in a jurisdiction.

Answer 710

(rĕk′ən-dīt′, rĭ-kŏn′dīt′) adj. 1. requiring special knowledge to be understood; abstruse: "To gain a reputation for wisdom a man must seem to have a store of recondite knowledge" (Bertrand Russell). 2. dealing with abstruse or profound subjects [Latin reconditus, past participle of recondere, to put away : re-, re- + condere, to put together, preserve; see dhē- in Indo-European roots.] rec′on·dite′ly adv.

Answer 711

n. 1. A covered walk with an open colonnade on one side, running along the walls of buildings that face a quadrangle. 2. a. A place, especially a monastery or convent, devoted to religious seclusion. b. Life in a monastery or convent. 3. A secluded, quiet place. tr. v. clois·tered, clois·ter·ing, clois·ters 1. To shut away from the world in or as if in a cloister; seclude. 2. To furnish (a building) with a cloister. [Middle English cloistre, from Old French, alteration (influenced by cloison, partition) of clostre, from Latin claustrum, enclosed place, from claudere, to close.]

Answer 712

n. 1. A poisonous perennial herb (Atropa belladonna) native to Eurasia and northern Africa and naturalized in parts of North America, having nodding, purplish-brown, bell-shaped flowers and glossy black berries. Also called deadly nightshade. 2. An alkaloidal extract or tincture derived from this plant and used in medicine. [Italian : bella, feminine of bello, beautiful (from Latin bellus; see deu- in Indo-European roots) + donna, lady; see Donna (the plant perhaps being so called because women of Italian courts during the Renaissance are said to have used the juice of belladonna berries to make their eyes more attractive by dilating their pupils) .]

Answer 713

n. Nautical A device, such as a looped rope, hook and eye, strap, or grommet, used to hold or fasten loose ropes, spars, or oars in position. ## Footnote Image: Chest handles are traditionally called "becket". Sailors would make them at sea during spare time, using rigging scraps of rope, canvas and leather.

Answer 714

(lī-sĕn′shəs) adj. 1. Lacking moral restraint, especially in sexual conduct. 2. Archaic Ignoring accepted rules or standards, as of prescriptive grammar. [Latin licentiōsus, from licentia, freedom, license; see license.] li·cen′tious·ly adv. li·cen′tious·ness n.

Answer 715

n. 1. A two-masted sailing vessel, square-rigged on both masts. 2. A jail or prison on board a US Navy or Coast Guard vessel. 3. A jail or guardhouse, especially on the premises of a US military installation. [Short for brigantine. Senses 2 and 3, from the use of ships as prisons.]

Answer 716

n. 1. A large iron hook attached to a pole or handle and used to land large fish. 2. Nautical A spar attached to the mast and used to extend the upper edge of a fore-and-aft sail. 3. a. A sharp metal spur or spike fastened to the leg of a gamecock. b. A climbing hook used by telephone and electric line workers. 4. Slang A trick or gimmick, especially one used in a swindle or to rig a game. 5. Slang Harshness of treatment; abuse. tr. v. gaffed, gaf·fing, gaffs 1. To hook or land (a fish) using a gaff. 2. To equip (a gamecock) with a gaff. 3. Slang a. To take in or defraud; swindle. b. To rig or fix in order to cheat: knew that the carnival games had been gaffed.

Answer 717

n. Abbr. atm Physics A unit of pressure equal to the air pressure at sea level. It equals the amount of pressure that will support a column of mercury 760 millimeters high at 0 degrees Celsius under standard gravity, or 14.7 pounds per square inch (1.01325 × 105 pascals). [New Latin atmosphaera : Greek atmos, vapor; see wet- in Indo-European roots + Latin sphaera, sphere; see sphere.]

Answer 718

Apophenia is the experience of perceiving patterns or connections in random or meaningless data. The term is attributed to Klaus Conrad by Peter Brugger, who defined it as the "unmotivated seeing of connections" accompanied by a "specific experience of an abnormal meaningfulness". Apophenia has come to imply a universal human tendency to seek patterns in random information, such as gambling. In 1958, Klaus Conrad published a monograph titled Die beginnende Schizophrenie. Versuch einer Gestaltanalyse des Wahns ("The onset of schizophrenia: an attempt to form an analysis of delusion"), in which he described in groundbreaking detail the prodromal mood and earliest stages of schizophrenia. He coined the word "Apophänie" to characterize the onset of delusional thinking in psychosis. Conrad's theories on the genesis of schizophrenia have since been partially, yet inconclusively, confirmed in psychiatric literature when tested against empirical findings. Conrad's neologism was translated into English as "apophenia" (from the Greek apo [away from] + phaenein [to show]) to reflect the fact that a schizophrenic initially experiences delusion as revelation. In contrast to an epiphany, an apophany (i.e., an instance of apophenia) does not provide insight into the nature of reality or its interconnectedness but is a "process of repetitively and monotonously experiencing abnormal meanings in the entire surrounding experiential field". Such meanings are entirely self-referential, solipsistic, and paranoid — "being observed, spoken about, the object of eavesdropping, followed by strangers". Thus the English term "apophenia" has a somewhat different meaning than that which Conrad defined when he coined the term "Apophänie". "Apophany" should not be confused with "apophony".

Answer 719

A region of extreme southwest England on a peninsula bounded by the Atlantic Ocean and English Channel. Its tin and copper mines were known to ancient Greek traders.

Answer 720

(ôr′ē-ōl′) also au·re·o·la (ô-rē′ə-lə) 1. (Art Terms) (esp in paintings of Christian saints and the deity) a border of light or radiance enveloping the head or sometimes the whole of a figure represented as holy 2. a less common word for halo 3. (Astronomy) another name for corona [Middle English, from Late Latin (corōna) aureola, golden (crown), feminine of Latin aureolus, golden, from aureus, from aurum, gold.]

Answer 721

n 1. the act of wafting or waving 2. anything that is wafted

Answer 722

Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel (1770 – 1831) was a German philosopher who was a major figure in German idealism. His historicist and idealist account of reality revolutionized European philosophy and was influential to Continental philosophy, Marxism and historism. Hegel's principal achievement was his development of absolute idealism as a means to integrate the notions of mind, nature, subject, object, psychology, the state, history, art, religion and philosophy. In particular, he developed the notion of the master–slave dialectic and the concept of Geist ("mind-spirit") as the expression of the integration ("sublation", Aufheben), without elimination or reduction, of otherwise seemingly contradictory or opposing ideas. Examples include relationships between nature and freedom and between immanence and transcendence. He also made original and influential contributions to speculative logic, the role of history and the notions of the negative and the ethical. Hegel influenced many thinkers and writers whose own positions varied widely. Karl Barth described Hegel as a "Protestant Aquinas", while Maurice Merleau-Ponty wrote that "All the great philosophical ideas of the past century – the philosophies of Marx and Nietzsche, phenomenology, German existentialism, and psychoanalysis – had their beginnings in Hegel". Michel Foucault has contended that contemporary philosophers may be "doomed to find Hegel waiting patiently at the end of whatever road [they] travel".

Answer 723

(sĭb′ə-rīt) n. 1. often sybarite A person devoted to pleasure and luxury; a voluptuary. 2. A native or inhabitant of Sybaris. [Latin Sybarīta, native of Sybaris, from Greek Subarītēs, from Subaris, Sybaris (from the notorious luxury of its inhabitants).] syb′a·rit·ism (-rĭ-tĭz′əm) n. * * * (sĭb′ə-rĭt′ĭk) adj. 1. Devoted to or marked by pleasure and luxury. 2. Sybaritic Of or relating to Sybaris or its people. syb′a·rit′i·cal·ly adv.

Answer 724

In mathematics, topology, the study of topological spaces, is an area of mathematics concerned with the properties of space that are preserved under continuous deformations, such as stretching and bending, but not tearing or gluing. Important topological properties include connectedness and compactness. Topology developed as a field of study out of geometry and set theory, through analysis of such concepts as space, dimension, and transformation. Such ideas go back to Gottfried Leibniz, who in the 17th century envisioned the geometria situs (Greek-Latin for "geometry of place") and analysis situs (Greek-Latin for "picking apart of place"). The term topology was introduced by Johann Benedict Listing in the 19th century, although it was not until the first decades of the 20th century that the idea of a topological space was developed. By the middle of the 20th century, topology had become a major branch of mathematics. **Topology has many subfields:** General topology establishes the foundational aspects of topology and investigates properties of topological spaces and investigates concepts inherent to topological spaces. It includes point-set topology, which is the foundational topology used in all other branches (including topics like compactness and connectedness). Algebraic topology tries to measure degrees of connectivity using algebraic constructs such as homology and homotopy groups. Differential topology is the field dealing with differentiable functions on differentiable manifolds. It is closely related to differential geometry and together they make up the geometric theory of differentiable manifolds. Geometric topology primarily studies manifolds and their embeddings (placements) in other manifolds. A particularly active area is low dimensional topology, which studies manifolds of four or fewer dimensions. This includes knot theory, the study of mathematical knots.

Answer 725

also gun·nel (gŭn′əl) n. Nautical The upper edge of the side of a vessel. See Usage Note at boatswain. [So called because guns were mounted on it.]

Answer 726

Henosis is the word for mystical "oneness," "union," or "unity" in classical Greek. In Platonism, and especially Neoplatonism, the goal of henosis is union with what is fundamental in reality: the One, the Source, or Monad.

Answer 727

The branch of philosophy that examines the nature of knowledge, its presuppositions and foundations, and its extent and validity.

Answer 728

1. a. The condition of being infirm, often as associated with old age; weakness or frailty: the infirmity brought on by the disease. b. A bodily ailment or weakness: complained about his infirmities. 2. a. Weakness of resolution or character: the infirmity inherent in human nature. b. A moral failing or defect in character: the infirmities and depravities of corrupt nobles.

Answer 729

a. A rhizomatous herb (Elettaria cardamomum) native to South Asia, having capsular fruits with aromatic seeds used as a spice or condiment. b. The capsules or seeds of this plant.

Answer 730

(măs′tĭ-kāt′) v. mas·ti·cat·ed, mas·ti·cat·ing, mas·ti·cates v. tr. 1. To chew (food). 2. To grind and knead (rubber, for example) into a pulp. v.intr. To chew food. mas′ti·ca′tion n. mas′ti·ca′tor n.

Answer 731

(yô) v. yawed, yaw·ing, yaws v. intr. 1. Nautical To swerve off course momentarily or temporarily: The ship yawed as the heavy wave struck abeam. 2. To turn about the vertical axis. Used of an aircraft, spacecraft, or projectile. 3. To move unsteadily; weave. v.tr. To cause to yaw. n. 1. The act of yawing. 2. Extent of yawing, measured in degrees.

Answer 732

n. Any of various swallows, such as the house martin or the purple martin.

Answer 733

In the Middle Ages, variations on the liar paradox were studied under the name of insolubilia (insolubles). Although the liar paradox was well known in antiquity, interest seems to have lapsed until the twelfth century, when it appears to have been reinvented independently of ancient authors. Medieval interest may have been inspired by a passage in the Sophistical Refutations of Aristotle. Although the Sophistical Refutations are consistently cited by medieval logicians from the earliest insolubilia literature, medieval studies of insolubilia go well beyond Aristotle. Other ancient sources which could suggest the liar paradox, including Saint Augustine, Cicero, and the quotation of Epimenides appearing in the Epistle to Titus, were not cited in discussions of insolubilia. Adam of Balsham mentioned, in passing, some paradoxical statements (dated to 1132), but he did not dwell on the difficulties raised by these statements. Alexander Neckham, writing later in the twelfth century, explicitly recognized the paradoxical nature of insolubilia, but did not attempt to resolve the inconsistent implications of the paradox. The first resolution was given by an anonymous author at the end of the twelfth or beginning of the thirteenth century. There was an established literature on the topic by about 1320, when Thomas Bradwardine prefaced his own discussion of insolubilia with nine views then current. Interest in insolubilia continued throughout the fourteenth century, especially by Jean Buridan. The medieval insolubilia literature seems to treat these paradoxes as difficult but not truly "insoluble", and, though interesting and meriting investigation, not central to the study of logic. This may be contrasted with modern studies of self-referential paradoxes such as Russell's paradox, in which the problems are seen as fundamentally insoluble, and central to the foundations of logic.

Answer 734

(ˈkæntəʊ) n, pl -tos 1. (Classical Music) music another word for cantus 2. (Poetry) a main division of a long poem [from Italian: song, from Latin cantus, from canere to sing]

Answer 735

(kûr-vĕt′) n. A light leap by a horse, in which both hind legs leave the ground just before the forelegs are set down. v. cur·vet·ted, cur·vet·ting, cur·vets or cur·vet·ed or cur·vet·ing v. intr. 1. To leap in a curvet. 2. To prance; frolic. v.tr. To cause to leap in a curvet. [Italian corvetta, from Old Italian, from Old French courbette, from courber, to curve, from Latin curvāre, from curvus, curved; see sker- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 736

(ĕk′wə-rē) n. pl. eq·uer·ries 1. A personal attendant to the British royal household. 2. An officer charged with supervision of the horses belonging to a royal or noble household.

Answer 737

(ĭ-fĕm′ər-əl) adj. 1. Lasting for a markedly brief time: "There remain some truths too ephemeral to be captured in the cold pages of a court transcript" (Irving R.Kaufman). 2. Having a short lifespan or a short annual period of aboveground growth. Used especially of plants. n. Something, especially a plant, that is ephemeral.

Answer 738

(vĭt′l) n. 1. Food fit for human consumption. 2. victuals Food supplies; provisions. v. vict·ualed, vict·ual·ing, vict·uals or vict·ualled or vict·ual·ling v.tr. To provide with food. v. intr. 1. To lay in food supplies. 2. To eat. Usage Note: Victual is properly pronounced (vĭt′l), with two syllables and no (k) sound. It was borrowed in the 1300s from the Old French form vitaille, which had stress and a diphthong in the second syllable, but the word was Anglicized after that to put the stress up front in the manner of most native English words. The spelling with c (and a little later with u) has a long history too, in both French and English. This spelling is a learned one, showing off the knowledge that the word came from Late Latin victuālia, "provisions." The word is now usually spelled victual, or on occasion vittle, but the pronunciation has remained (vĭt′l).

Answer 739

(spûr′mə-sē′tē, -sĕt′ē) n. pl. sper·ma·ce·tis A white waxy substance obtained chiefly from the head of the sperm whale, consisting of various esters of fatty acids and formerly used for making candles, ointments, and cosmetics. [Middle English, from Medieval Latin spermacētī : Late Latin sperma, semen; see sperm1 + Latin cētī, genitive of cētus, whale; see Cetus.]

Answer 740

also bon·nie adj. bon·ni·er, bon·ni·est Scots 1. Physically attractive or appealing; pretty. 2. Excellent. [Probably ultimately from French bon, good, from Latin bonus; see deu- in Indo-European roots.] bon′ni·ly adv. bon′ni·ness n.

Answer 741

(pär′boil′) tr. v. par·boiled, par·boil·ing, par·boils 1. To cook partially by boiling for a brief period: parboiled and then sautéed the new potatoes. 2. To subject to intense, often uncomfortable heat. [Middle English parboilen, to boil partly, to boil thoroughly (influenced by part, part), from Old French parboillir, to boil thoroughly, from Late Latin perbullīre : Latin per-, thoroughly; see per- + Latin bullīre, to boil.]

Answer 742

n. 1. a. An imaginary great circle on the earth's surface passing through the North and South geographic poles. b. Either half of such a great circle from pole to pole. All points on the same meridian have the same longitude. 2. Astronomy A great circle passing through the two poles of the celestial sphere and the zenith of a given observer. Also called celestial meridian, local meridian, vertical circle. 3. Mathematics a. A curve on a surface of revolution, formed by the intersection of the surface with a plane containing the axis of revolution. b. A plane section of a surface of revolution containing the axis of revolution. 4. Any of the longitudinal lines or pathways on the body along which the acupuncture points are distributed. 5. Archaic a. The highest point in the sky reached by the sun or another celestial body; a zenith. b. The time at which the sun reaches its highest point in the sky; noon. 6. The highest point or stage of development; peak: "Men come to their meridian at various periods of their lives" (John Henry Newman). 7. Midwestern US See median. adj. 1. Of or relating to a meridian; meridional. 2. Of or at midday: the meridian hour. 3. Of, relating to, or constituting the highest point, as of development or power: the empire in its meridian period.

Answer 743

(ĭn-tûr′) tr.v. in·terred, in·ter·ring, in·ters To place in a grave or tomb; bury. [Middle English enteren, from Old French enterrer, from Medieval Latin interrāre : Latin in-, in; see terra in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 744

1. A representative body having supreme legislative powers within a state or multinational organization. 2. Parliament The national legislature of the United Kingdom, made up of the House of Lords and the House of Commons. [Middle English, a meeting about national concerns, from Old French parlement, from parler, to talk; see parley.]

Answer 745

Herbert Spencer (1820 – 1903) was an English philosopher, biologist, anthropologist, sociologist, and prominent classical liberal political theorist of the Victorian era. Spencer developed an all-embracing conception of evolution as the progressive development of the physical world, biological organisms, the human mind, and human culture and societies. He was "an enthusiastic exponent of evolution" and even "wrote about evolution before Darwin did." As a polymath, he contributed to a wide range of subjects, including ethics, religion, anthropology, economics, political theory, philosophy, literature, biology, sociology, and psychology. During his lifetime he achieved tremendous authority, mainly in English-speaking academia. "The only other English philosopher to have achieved anything like such widespread popularity was Bertrand Russell, and that was in the 20th century." Spencer is best known for the expression "survival of the fittest", which he coined in Principles of Biology (1864), after reading Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species. This term strongly suggests natural selection, yet as Spencer extended evolution into realms of sociology and ethics, he also made use of Lamarckism.

Answer 746

(lĕk′shən) n. 1. A variant reading or transcription of a text or copy. 2. A reading from Scripture that forms a part of a church service. [Latin lēctiō, lēctiōn-, a reading; see lesson.]

Answer 747

(wĕs′tər) n. A strong wind coming from the west. intr.v. west·ered, west·er·ing, west·ers To move westward. Used of the sun, the moon, or a star.

Answer 748

the land occupied by a dwelling and its yard, outbuildings, etc., actually enclosed or considered as enclosed.

Answer 749

(ŏb-strĕp′ər-əs, əb-) adj. Noisily unruly or defiant: The restaurant owner ejected the obstreperous customer. [From Latin obstreperus, noisy, from obstrepere, to make a noise against : ob-, against; see ob- + strepere, to make a noise (of imitative origin).] ob·strep′er·ous·ly adv. ob·strep′er·ous·ness n.

Answer 750

(sĭn′yo͞o-əs) adj. 1. Characterized by many curves or turns; winding: a sinuous stream. 2. Characterized by supple and lithe movements: the sinuous grace of a dancer. 3. Sinuate: a sinuous leaf. [From Latin sinuōsus, from sinus, curve.] sin′u·ous·ly adv. sin′u·ous·ness n.

Answer 751

tr. v. doffed, doff·ing, doffs 1. To take off; remove: doff one's clothes. 2. To tip or remove (one's hat) in salutation. 3. To put aside; discard. [Middle English doffen, from don off, to do off : don, to do; see do + off, off; see off.]

Answer 752

(nĕf′rīt′) n. A white to dark green variety of jade, chiefly a metasilicate of iron, calcium, and magnesium. Nephrite tools and amulets are known since the Early Neolithic (VII mill. BC) to the Late Chalcolithic (V mill. BC) on the Balkans (mainly Bulgaria; also in Greece, Serbia, Croatia) from two or more unknown sources - Balkan "nephrite culture".

Answer 753

(ăn′ə-məs) n. 1. A feeling of animosity; ill will. See Synonyms at enmity. 2. An attitude that informs one's actions; disposition or intention. 3. In Jungian psychology, the masculine inner personality as present in women.

Answer 754

A teleology is an account of a given thing's purpose. For example, a teleological explanation of why forks have prongs is that this design helps humans eat certain foods; stabbing food to help humans eat is what forks are for. A purpose that is imposed by a human use, such as that of a fork, is called extrinsic. Natural teleology contends that natural entities have intrinsic purposes, irrespective of human use or opinion. For instance, Aristotle claimed that an acorn's intrinsic telos is to become a fully grown oak tree. Though ancient atomists rejected the notion of natural teleology, teleological accounts of non-personal or non-human nature were explored and often endorsed in ancient and medieval philosophies, but fell into disfavor during the modern era (1600-1900). In the late 18th century, Immanuel Kant used the concept of telos as a regulative principle in his Critique of Judgment. Teleology was also fundamental to the speculative philosophy of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel. Contemporary philosophers and scientists are still actively discussing whether teleological talk is useful or accurate in doing modern philosophy and science. For instance, in 2012, Thomas Nagel proposed a neo-Darwinian account of evolution that incorporates impersonal, natural teleological laws to explain the existence of life, consciousness, rationality, and objective value. Another example is chaos theory and its notion of attractor.

Answer 755

n. pl. ac·tu·ar·ies A statistician who computes insurance risks and premiums. ac′tu·ar′i·al (-âr′ē-əl) adj. ac′tu·ar′i·al·ly adv.

Answer 756

(ĕm′pī-rē′ən, ĕm-pîr′ē-ən) n. 1. a. The highest reaches of heaven, believed by the ancients to be a realm of pure fire or light. b. The abode of God and the angels; paradise. 2. The sky. adj. Of or relating to the empyrean of ancient belief. [From Medieval Latin empyreum, from empyreus, empyreal; see empyreal.]

Answer 757

n. 1. A highly polished, convex-cut, unfaceted gem. 2. A convex style of cutting gems. adv. In a highly polished, convex-cut, unfaceted style: a sapphire that was cut cabochon.

Answer 758

also fore·fend (fôr-fĕnd′) tr. v. for·fend·ed, for·fend·ing, for·fends also fore·fend·ed or fore·fend·ing or fore·fends 1. To keep or ward off; avert. 2. Archaic To forbid. [Middle English forfenden : for-, for- + fenden, to ward off; see fend.]

Answer 759

n. Chiefly British Foolish nonsense. [Probably blend of trash and bosh.]

Answer 760

(kwē-ĕs′ənt, kwī-) adj. 1. Quiet, still, or inactive. See Synonyms at inactive. 2. Characterized by an absence of upheaval or discord: "We tend to think of the decades following the final overthrow of Napoleon as remarkably quiescent" 3. Astronomy Having little or no sunspot activity. 4. Medicine Asymptomatic: a quiescent infection. [Latin quiēscēns, quiēscent-, present participle of quiēscere, to rest, from quiēs, quiet; see quiet.] qui·es′cence n. qui·es′cent·ly adv.

Answer 761

adj. 1. Done routinely and with little interest or care: The operator answered the phone with a perfunctory greeting. 2. Acting with indifference; showing little interest or care. [Late Latin perfūnctōrius, from Latin perfūnctus, past participle of perfungī, to get through with : per-, per- + fungī, to perform.] per·func′to·ri·ly adv. per·func′to·ri·ness n.

Answer 762

(ŭl′yə-lāt′, yo͞ol′-) intr.v. ul·u·lat·ed, ul·u·lat·ing, ul·u·lates To howl, wail, or lament loudly, especially by alternating rapidly between two high-pitched sounds. [Latin ululāre, ululāt-, ultimately of imitative origin.] ul′u·lant (-lənt) adj. ul′u·la′tion n.

Answer 763

Epimenides of Knossos was a semi-mythical 7th or 6th century BC Greek seer and philosopher-poet. While tending his father's sheep, he is said to have fallen asleep for fifty-seven years in a Cretan cave sacred to Zeus, after which he reportedly awoke with the gift of prophecy. Plutarch writes that Epimenides purified Athens after the pollution brought by the Alcmeonidae, and that the seer's expertise in sacrifices and reform of funeral practices were of great help to Solon in his reform of the Athenian state. The only reward he would accept was a branch of the sacred olive, and a promise of perpetual friendship between Athens and Cnossus. Athenaeus also mentions him, in connection with the self-sacrifice of the erastes and eromenos pair of Cratinus and Aristodemus, who were believed to have given their lives in order to purify Athens. Even in antiquity there were those who held the story to be mere fiction. Diogenes Laërtius preserves a number of spurious letters between Epimenides and Solon in his Lives of the Philosophers. Epimenides was also said to have prophesied at Sparta on military matters. He died in Crete at an advanced age; according to his countrymen, who afterwards honoured him as a god, he lived nearly three hundred years. According to another story, he was taken prisoner in a war between the Spartans and Cnossians, and put to death by his captors, because he refused to prophesy favourably for them. Pausanias reports that when Epimenides died, his skin was found to be covered with tattooed writing. This was considered odd, because the Greeks reserved tattooing for slaves. Some modern scholars have seen this as evidence that Epimenides was heir to the shamanic religions of Central Asia, because tattooing is often associated with shamanic initiation. The skin of Epimenides was preserved at the courts of the ephores in Sparta, conceivably as a good-luck charm. Epimenides is also reckoned with Melampus and Onomacritus as one of the founders of Orphism. Credited with the liar paradox. He says "all Cretans are liars," when he, himself, is a Cretan.

Answer 764

1. A place or situation of noisy uproar and confusion. Archaic An insane asylum.

Answer 765

Pythagoreanism was the system of esoteric and metaphysical beliefs held by Pythagoras and his followers, the Pythagoreans, who were considerably influenced by mathematics, music and astronomy. Pythagoreanism originated in the 5th century BC and greatly influenced platonism and the concept of vegetarianism. Later revivals of Pythagorean doctrines led to what is now called neopythagoreanism.

Answer 766

adj. 1. Engaged in deep and serious thought. 2. Showing or expressing deep, often melancholy thought: a pensive look. pen′sive·ly adv. pen′sive·ness n. Synonyms: pensive, contemplative, reflective, meditative, thoughtful These adjectives mean characterized by or disposed to deep or serious thought. Pensive often connotes a wistful, dreamy, or sad quality: "while pensive poets painful vigils keep" (Alexander Pope). Contemplative implies slow directed consideration, often with conscious intent of achieving better understanding or spiritual or aesthetic enrichment: "[He] had envisioned an actual grove of academe through which scholars young and old might take contemplative strolls" (Tom Wolfe). Reflective suggests careful analytical deliberation, as in reappraising past experience: "She ... is as wise as if she'd been on this earth for eighty years. Her nature is reflective—not all over the map, like mine" (Alice Munro). Meditative implies earnest sustained thought: "She sat with her shoulders rounded in some clearly deepening meditative privacy and forgot me" (E.L. Doctorow). Thoughtful can refer to absorption in thought or to the habit of reflection and circumspection: "I had spoken at once ... to Silvius about our departure, and we talked the matter over, for he was a thoughtful and intelligent child, and children have a wisdom of their own" (Ursula K. Le Guin).

Answer 767

n. 1. Nautical A long spar extending from a mast to hold or extend the foot of a sail. 2. A long pole extending upward at an angle from the mast of a derrick to support or guide objects being lifted or suspended. 3. a. A barrier composed of a chain of floating logs enclosing other free-floating logs, typically used to catch floating debris or to obstruct passage. b. A floating barrier serving to contain an oil spill. 4. A long movable arm used to maneuver and support a microphone. 5. a. A spar that connects the tail surfaces and the main structure of an airplane. b. A long hollow tube attached to a tanker aircraft, through which fuel flows to another aircraft being refueled in flight. tr.v. boomed, boom·ing, booms To move or position using a crane: boomed the cargo onto the ship. Idiom: drop/lower the boom To act suddenly and forcefully to repress a practice or reprimand an offender; crack down. [Dutch, tree, pole, from Middle Dutch; see bheuə- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 768

adj. Lacking adult maturity or experience; immature: a callow young man. [Middle English calwe, bald, from Old English calu.] cal′low·ness n.

Answer 769

(räN-tyā′) n. A person who lives on income from property or investments. [French, from rente, yearly income, from Old French; see rent1.]

Answer 770

(kûr′və-lĭn′ē-ər) also cur·vi·lin·e·al (-əl) adj. Formed, bounded, or characterized by curved lines. [Latin curvus, curved; see curve + linear.] cur′vi·lin′e·ar′i·ty (-ē-ăr′ĭ-tē) n. cur′vi·lin′e·ar·ly adv.

Answer 771

(brĭn′dld) adj. Tawny or grayish with streaks or spots of a darker color. [Alteration of Middle English brended, probably from brende, past participle of brennen, to burn, from Old Norse brenna; see gwher- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 772

Orion was a giant huntsman in Greek mythology whom Zeus placed among the stars as the constellation of Orion. Ancient sources tell several different stories about Orion; there are two major versions of his birth and several versions of his death. The most important recorded episodes are his birth somewhere in Boeotia, his visit to Chios where he met Merope and was blinded by her father, Oenopion, the recovery of his sight at Lemnos, his hunting with Artemis on Crete, his death by the bow of Artemis or the sting of the giant scorpion which became Scorpio, and his elevation to the heavens. Most ancient sources omit some of these episodes and several tell only one. These various incidents may originally have been independent, unrelated stories and it is impossible to tell whether omissions are simple brevity or represent a real disagreement. In Greek literature he first appears as a great hunter in Homer's epic the Odyssey, where Odysseus sees his shade in the underworld. The bare bones of his story are told by the Hellenistic and Roman collectors of myths, but there is no extant literary version of his adventures comparable, for example, to that of Jason in Apollonius of Rhodes' Argonautica or Euripides' Medea; the entry in Ovid's Fasti for May 11 is a poem on the birth of Orion, but that is one version of a single story. The surviving fragments of legend have provided a fertile field for speculation about Greek prehistory and myth. Orion served several roles in ancient Greek culture. The story of the adventures of Orion, the hunter, is the one on which we have the most evidence (and even on that not very much); he is also the personification of the constellation of the same name; he was venerated as a hero, in the Greek sense, in the region of Boeotia; and there is one etiological passage which says that Orion was responsible for the present shape of the Straits of Sicily.

Answer 773

Herodotus was a Greek historian who was born in Halicarnassus, Caria (modern-day Bodrum, Turkey) and lived in the fifth century BC (c. 484–425 BC). Widely referred to as "The Father of History" (first conferred by Cicero), he was the first historian known to collect his materials systematically and critically, and then to arrange them into a historiographic narrative. The Histories—his masterpiece and the only work he is known to have produced—is a record of his "inquiry", being an investigation of the origins of the Greco-Persian Wars and including a wealth of geographical and ethnographical information. Although some of his stories were fanciful and others inaccurate, he claimed he was reporting only what had been told to him. Little is known of his personal history.

Answer 774

(ĭ-skŭch′ən) n. 1. Heraldry A shield or shield-shaped emblem bearing a coat of arms. 2. An ornamental or protective plate, as for a keyhole. 3. Nautical The plate on the stern of a ship inscribed with the ship's name. Idiom: a blot on (one's) escutcheon Dishonor to one's reputation. [Middle English escochon, from Anglo-Norman escuchon, from Vulgar Latin \*scūtiō, scūtiōn-, from Latin scūtum, shield; see skei- in Indo-European roots.] es·cutch′eoned adj.

Answer 775

n. Disagreement, as of opinion or belief; dissent.

Answer 776

(dĭr′ə-jə-bəl, də-rĭj′ə-bəl) adj 1. able to be steered or directed n 2. (Aeronautics) another name for airship dirigiˈbility n

Answer 777

vb 1. (tr) Brit to destroy; annihilate

Answer 778

adj. 1. Giving off light; luminous. 2. Translucent; clear. [Latin lūcēns, lūcent-, present participle of lūcēre, to shine; see leuk- in Indo-European roots.] lu′cen·cy n. lu′cent·ly adv.

Answer 779

Stoicism is a school of Hellenistic philosophy founded in Athens by Zeno of Citium in the early 3rd century BC. The Stoics taught that destructive emotions resulted from errors in judgment, and that a sage, or person of "moral and intellectual perfection", would not suffer such emotions. Stoics were concerned with the active relationship between cosmic determinism and human freedom, and the belief that it is virtuous to maintain a will (called prohairesis) that is in accord with nature. Because of this, the Stoics presented their philosophy as a way of life, and they thought that the best indication of an individual's philosophy was not what a person said but how that person behaved.

Answer 780

(kûrl′yo͞o, kûr′lo͞o) n. Any of several brownish, long-legged shorebirds of the genus Numenius, having long, slender, downward-curving bills. [Middle English curleu, from Old French courlieu, perhaps of imitative origin.]

Answer 781

of or like Lord Byron or his work, as in displaying romanticism. Lord Byron: British poet acclaimed as one of the leading figures of the romantic movement. The "Byronic hero"—lonely, rebellious, and brooding—first appeared in Childe Harold's Pilgrimage (1812-1818). Among his other works are Manfred (1817) and the epic satire Don Juan (1819-1824). He died while working to secure Greek independence from the Turks.

Answer 782

(pə-nā′tēz, -nä′-) pl.n. Roman Mythology The Roman gods of the household, tutelary deities of the home and of the state, whose cult was closely connected and often identified with that of the Lares. [Latin Penātēs, from penus, foodstuff, interior of a house.] In ancient Roman religion, the Di Penates or Penates were among the dii familiares, or household deities, invoked most often in domestic rituals. When the family had a meal, they threw a bit into the fire on the hearth for the Penates. They were thus associated with Vesta, the Lares, and the Genius of the paterfamilias in the "little universe" of the domus. Like other domestic deities, the Penates had a public counterpart.

Answer 783

n. 1. A pirate, especially one of the freebooters who plundered Spanish shipping in the West Indies during the 17th century. 2. A ruthless speculator or adventurer. intr. v. buc·ca·neered, buc·ca·neer·ing, buc·ca·neers 1. To plunder shipping; act as a buccaneer. 2. To show boldness and enterprise, as in business, often in a reckless or unscrupulous way. [French boucanier, from boucaner, to cure meat, from boucan, barbecue frame, of Tupian origin; akin to Tupí mukém, rack.] Word History: When it is first attested in the middle of the 17th century, the French word boucanier, later borrowed into English as buccaneer, referred to French traders on the islands of Hispaniola and Tortuga. The traders hunted the feral cattle and boars on the islands for their hides, and they smoked the meat in a barbecue frame known in French as a boucan. The French word came from the Tupí word for a wooden rack used for roasting. The original barbecuing buccaneers subsequently adopted a more remunerative way of life, piracy, which accounts for the modern meanings of the English word.

Answer 784

lais·sez faire also lais·ser faire (lĕs′ā fâr′, lā′zā) n. 1. An economic doctrine that opposes governmental regulation of or interference in commerce beyond the minimum necessary for a free-enterprise system to operate according to its own economic laws. 2. Noninterference in the affairs of others. [French : laissez, second person pl. imperative of laisser, to let, allow + faire, to do.] lais′sez-faire′ adj.

Answer 785

(bĭ-lī′) tr. v. be·lied, be·ly·ing, be·lies 1. To give a false representation to; misrepresent: "He spoke roughly in order to belie his air of gentility" (James Joyce). 2. To show to be false; contradict: Their laughter belied their outward grief. [Middle English bilien, from Old English belēogan, to deceive with lies; see leugh- in Indo-European roots.] be·li′er n.

Answer 786

(yo͞o′zhə-rē) n. pl. u·su·ries 1. The practice of lending money and charging the borrower interest, especially at an exorbitant or illegally high rate. 2. An excessive or illegally high rate of interest charged on borrowed money. 3. Archaic Interest charged or paid on a loan. [Middle English, from Medieval Latin ūsūria, alteration of Latin ūsūra, from ūsus, use; see usual.]

Answer 787

go ashore v.tr. To unload, as from a ship or airplane. v.intr. To disembark.

Answer 788

v. rued, ru·ing, rues v.tr. To feel regret, remorse, or sorrow for: "I never rued a day in my life like the one I rued when I left that old mother of mine" (Flannery O'Connor). v.intr. To feel regret, remorse, or sorrow. n. Sorrow; regret: "I ... won her from various rivals, who ... went away, one may say, full of rue" (Brian Doyle). [Middle English ruen, from Old English hrēowan, to affect with grief, and hrēowian, to repent.] ru′er n.

Answer 789

(sĭs′ə-rō′nē, chĭch′ə-, chē′chĕ-rō′nĕ) n. pl. cic·e·ro·nes or cic·e·ro·ni (-nē) A guide for sightseers. [Italian, from Latin Cicerō, Cicerōn-, Marcus Tullius Cicero.]

Answer 790

Having a surface or boundary that curves or bulges outward, as the exterior of a sphere. Image: left to right: biconvex, plano-convex, and convexo-concave lenses

Answer 791

(dĭ-pôrt′mənt) n. A manner of personal conduct; behavior. See Synonyms at behavior.

Answer 792

(prə-dĭj′əs) adj. 1. Impressively great in size, force, or extent; enormous: a prodigious storm. 2. Extraordinary; marvelous: a prodigious talent. 3. Obsolete Portentous; ominous. [Latin prōdigiōsus, portentous, monstrous, from prōdigium, omen.] pro·di′gious·ly adv. pro·di′gious·ness n.

Answer 793

(ûr-bān′) adj. ur·ban·er, ur·ban·est Polite, refined, and often elegant in manner. [Latin urbānus, of a city; see urban.] ur·bane′ly adv.

Answer 794

(ĭ-kwĭv′ə-kəl) adj. 1. Open to two or more interpretations and often intended to conceal the truth. See Synonyms at ambiguous. 2. Characterized by a mixture of opposing elements and therefore questionable or uncertain: Evidence of the drug's effectiveness has been equivocal. [From Late Latin aequivocus : Latin aequi-, equi- + Latin vocāre, to call; see wekw- in Indo-European roots.] e·quiv′o·cal′i·ty (-kăl′ĭ-tē), e·quiv′o·cal·ness n. e·quiv′o·cal·ly adv.

Answer 795

* The hero, who pursues a great quest to realize his destiny. * The self, the personality striving towards its own complete realization. * The shadow, the amoral remnant of our instinctual animal past. * The persona, the mask and pretense we show others. * The anima and animus, our female and male roles and urges. * The mother, primarily in the sense of our need of her. * The father, primarily an authority figure often inducing fear. * The child, our innocent beginning with all our potential in front of us. * The sage, or wise old man, one who has the profound knowledge. * The god, the perfect image of the Self. * The goddess, the great mother, or Mother Earth. * The trickster, a rascal agent pushing us towards change. * The hermaphrodite, the joiner of opposites. * The beast, a representation of the primitive past of man. * The scapegoat, suffering the shortcomings of others. * The fool, wandering off in confusion and faulty directions. * The artist, the visionary and inspired way of approaching truth. * Mana and other concepts of spiritual energy. * The journey, a representation of the quest towards self-realization. * Life, death and rebirth, the cyclic nature of existence. * Light and dark, images of the conscious and the unconscious. * The tree, the growth towards self-fulfillment. * Water, the unconscious and the emotions. * The wizard, knowledgeable of the hidden and of transformation needed.

Answer 796

Jakob Böhme (1575 – 1624) was a German Christian mystic and theologian. He is considered an original thinker within the Lutheran tradition, and his first book, commonly known as Aurora, caused a great scandal. Influenced theosophy.

Answer 797

(pēt) n. Partly decomposed vegetable matter, usually mosses, found in bogs and sometimes burned as fuel or mixed into soil to improve growing conditions. peat′y adj.

Answer 798

v. rent (rĕnt) also rend·ed, rend·ing, rends v.tr. 1. a. To tear or split apart or into pieces violently. See Synonyms at tear. b. To tear (one's garments or hair) in anguish or rage. 2. To pull away forcibly; wrest: rent the money from his hand. 3. a. To pull, split, or divide: "Chip was rent between the impulse to laugh wildly and a bitterness that threatened hot tears" (Louis Auchincloss). b. To pierce or disturb with sound: a scream rent the silence. c. To cause pain or distress to: tales that rend the heart. v.intr. To become torn or split; come apart: a hole where the seam rends.

Answer 799

(ĕk′sĭ-krə-bəl) adj. 1. Deserving of execration; hateful. 2. Extremely inferior; very bad: an execrable meal.

Answer 800

(tô′nē) n. A light brown to brownish orange. taw′ni·ness n. taw′ny adj.

Answer 801

(klăr′ĭt) n. 1. a. A dry red wine produced in the Bordeaux region of France. b. A similar wine made elsewhere. 2. A dark or grayish purplish red to dark purplish pink.

Answer 802

Plutarch (Greek: AD 46 – AD 120) was a Greek historian, biographer, and essayist, known primarily for his Parallel Lives and Moralia. He is considered today to be a Middle Platonist.

Answer 803

(krĭs′ə-lĭs) n. pl. chrys·a·lis·es or chry·sal·i·des (krĭ-săl′ĭ-dēz′) 1. a. A pupa, especially of a butterfly. b. The hardened case of a pupa. 2. A protected stage of development.

Answer 804

(rĭ-sōl′, rĭs′ōl, rē-sôl′) n. A small, pastry-enclosed croquette of finely minced meat or fish, usually fried in deep fat.

Answer 805

(thyo͞o) n. often thews 1. Muscular power or strength. 2. A well-developed sinew or muscle: "sinews of steel, thews of iron, abdomen like one of those old-time washing boards" (Michael Kelly). [Middle English, individual habit, virtue, strength (sense influenced by sinew), from Old English thēaw, a custom, habit.] thew′y adj.

Answer 806

prep. 1. From one side to the other of; across: "the Stars that shoot athwart the Night" (Alexander Pope). 2. Contrary to; against. 3. Nautical Across the course, line, or length of. adv. 1. From side to side; crosswise or transversely. 2. So as to thwart, obstruct, or oppose; perversely. [Middle English : a-, on; see a-2 + thwert, across; see thwart.]

Answer 807

Set theory is the branch of mathematical logic that studies sets, which informally are collections of objects. Although any type of object can be collected into a set, set theory is applied most often to objects that are relevant to mathematics. The language of set theory can be used in the definitions of nearly all mathematical objects. The modern study of set theory was initiated by Georg Cantor and Richard Dedekind in the 1870s. After the discovery of paradoxes in naive set theory, numerous axiom systems were proposed in the early twentieth century, of which the Zermelo–Fraenkel axioms, with the axiom of choice, are the best-known. Set theory is commonly employed as a foundational system for mathematics, particularly in the form of Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice. Beyond its foundational role, set theory is a branch of mathematics in its own right, with an active research community. Contemporary research into set theory includes a diverse collection of topics, ranging from the structure of the real number line to the study of the consistency of large cardinals. Image: A Venn diagram illustrating the intersection of two sets.

Answer 808

(lĕth′ərn) adj. Made of, covered with, or resembling leather.

Answer 809

v. ex·pos·tu·lat·ed, ex·pos·tu·lat·ing, ex·pos·tu·lates v.intr. To reason earnestly with someone in an effort to dissuade or correct; remonstrate. See Synonyms at object. v.tr. To say in protest; object: "[He] expostulated that they had every right to hold a street meeting" (Pierre Berton). [Latin expostulāre, expostulāt- : ex-, intensive pref.; see postulāre in Indo-European roots.] ex·pos′tu·la′tion n. ex·pos′tu·la′tor n. ex·pos′tu·la·to′ry (-lə-tôr′ē), ex·pos′tu·la′tive adj.

Answer 810

n. pl. ho·me·op·a·thies A system for treating disease based on the administration of minute doses of a drug that in massive amounts produces symptoms in healthy individuals similar to those of the disease itself. ho′me·o·path′ (-ə-păth′), ho′me·op′a·thist n. ho′me·o·path′ic adj. ho′me·o·path′i·cal·ly adv.

Answer 811

(pûrl) intr.v. purled, purl·ing, purls To flow or ripple with a murmuring sound. n. The sound made by rippling water.

Answer 812

(hyo͞o′brĭs) also hy·bris (hī′-) n. Overbearing pride or presumption; arrogance: "There is no safety in unlimited technological hubris" (McGeorge Bundy).

Answer 813

n. The visible majesty of the Divine Presence, especially when resting or dwelling between the cherubim on the mercy seat, in the Tabernacle, or in the Temple of Solomon; - a term used in the Targums and by the later Jews, and adopted by Christians.

Answer 814

1. A disturbance of uric-acid metabolism occurring chiefly in males, characterized by painful inflammation of the joints, especially of the feet andhands, and arthritic attacks resulting from elevated levels of uric acid in the blood and the deposition of urate crystals around the joints. The conditioncan become chronic and result in deformity. 2. A large blob or clot: "and makes it bleed great gouts of blood" (Oscar Wilde).

Answer 815

Georg Cantor (German: 1845 – 1918) was a German mathematician, best known as the inventor of set theory, which has become a fundamental theory in mathematics. Cantor established the importance of one-to-one correspondence between the members of two sets, defined infinite and well-ordered sets, and proved that the real numbers are "more numerous" than the natural numbers. In fact, Cantor's method of proof of this theorem implies the existence of an "infinity of infinities". He defined the cardinal and ordinal numbers and their arithmetic. Cantor's work is of great philosophical interest, a fact of which he was well aware. Cantor's theory of transfinite numbers was originally regarded as so counter-intuitive – even shocking – that it encountered resistance from mathematical contemporaries such as Leopold Kronecker and Henri Poincaré and later from Hermann Weyl and L. E. J. Brouwer, while Ludwig Wittgenstein raised philosophical objections. Cantor, a devout Lutheran, believed the theory had been communicated to him by God. Some Christian theologians (particularly neo-Scholastics) saw Cantor's work as a challenge to the uniqueness of the absolute infinity in the nature of God – on one occasion equating the theory of transfinite numbers with pantheism – a proposition that Cantor vigorously rejected. The objections to Cantor's work were occasionally fierce: Poincaré referred to his ideas as a "grave disease" infecting the discipline of mathematics, and Kronecker's public opposition and personal attacks included describing Cantor as a "scientific charlatan", a "renegade" and a "corrupter of youth." Kronecker even objected to Cantor's proofs that the algebraic numbers are countable, and that the transcendental numbers are uncountable, results now included in a standard mathematics curriculum. Writing decades after Cantor's death, Wittgenstein lamented that mathematics is "ridden through and through with the pernicious idioms of set theory," which he dismissed as "utter nonsense" that is "laughable" and "wrong". Cantor's recurring bouts of depression from 1884 to the end of his life have been blamed on the hostile attitude of many of his contemporaries, though some have explained these episodes as probable manifestations of a bipolar disorder. The harsh criticism has been matched by later accolades. In 1904, the Royal Society awarded Cantor its Sylvester Medal, the highest honor it can confer for work in mathematics. David Hilbert defended it from its critics by famously declaring: "No one shall expel us from the Paradise that Cantor has created."

Answer 816

adj. 1. Portable. 2. Capable of or used in carrying. [Middle English portatif, from Old French, from Latin portāre, to carry; see per- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 817

(mēn) n. 1. Bearing or manner, especially as it reveals an inner state of mind: a colonel with an imperious mien. 2. An appearance or aspect. "Eyes fixed in a piercing squint ... his was a mien that made an easy target for political cartoonists" (Nick Kotz).

Answer 818

n 1. (Mathematics) a number denoting quantity but not order in a set. Sometimes shortened to: cardinal 2. (Mathematics) maths logic a. a measure of the size of a set that does not take account of the order of its members. Compare natural number b. a particular number having this function 3. (Logic) maths logic a. a measure of the size of a set that does not take account of the order of its members. Compare natural number b. a particular number having this function ## Footnote Image: A bijective function, f: X → Y, from set X to set Y demonstrates that the sets have the same cardinality, in this case equal to the cardinal number 4.

Answer 819

tr.v. af·fright·ed, af·fright·ing, af·frights To arouse fear in; terrify: "Many of nature's greatest oddities, that would affright dwellers up here, are accepted down there" (David Mazel). n. 1. Great fear; terror. 2. A cause of terror. [Middle English afrighten, from Old English āfyrhtan : ā-, intensive pref. + fyrhtan, to frighten (from fyrhto, fright).] af·fright′ment n.

Answer 820

slattern (slăt′ərn) n. An untidy, dirty woman. [Perhaps from dialectal slattering, slovenly, present participle of dialectal slatter, to slop.] slatternly (slăt′ərn-lē) adj. 1. Characteristic of or befitting a slattern. 2. Slovenly; untidy. slat′tern·li·ness n.

Answer 821

n. 1. Nautical The rear part of a ship or boat. 2. A rear part or section.

Answer 822

(ăk′rə-mō′nē) n. Bitter, sharp animosity, especially as exhibited in speech or behavior. [Latin ācrimōnia, sharpness, from ācer, sharp; see ak- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 823

adj. 1. a. Stubbornly adhering to an attitude, opinion, or course of action; obdurate. b. Characterized by such adherence: an obstinate refusal. 2. Difficult to manage, control, or treat: an obstinate problem; an obstinate headache. [Middle English obstinat, from Latin obstinātus, past participle of obstināre, to persist; see stā- in Indo-European roots.] ob′sti·nate·ly adv. ob′sti·nate·ness n. Synonyms: obstinate, stubborn, headstrong, recalcitrant, intractable, bullheaded, pigheaded, mulish These adjectives mean tenaciously unwilling to yield. Obstinate implies unreasonable rigidity: "Mr. Quincy labored hard with the governor to obtain his assent, but he was obstinate" (Benjamin Franklin). Stubborn pertains to innate, often perverse resoluteness or unyieldingness: "She was very stubborn when her mind was made up" (Samuel Butler). One who is headstrong is obstinately bent on having his or her own way: The headstrong senator ignored his constituency. A person who is recalcitrant rebels against authority: The police arrested the recalcitrant protestors. Intractable refers to what is obstinate and difficult to manage or control: "the intractable ferocity of his captive" (Edgar Allan Poe). Bullheaded suggests foolish or irrational obstinacy, and pigheaded, stupid obstinacy: Don't be bullheaded; see a doctor. "It's a pity pious folks are so apt to be pigheaded" (Harriet Beecher Stowe). Mulish implies the obstinacy and intractability associated with a mule: "Obstinate is no word for it, for she is mulish" (Ouida).

Answer 824

n 1. a reply or response to a question or remark, esp a quick witty one; retort 2. (Law) law (in pleading) the answer made by a defendant to the claimant's reply

Answer 825

n. 1. A branch of a deer's antlers. 2. A prong on an implement such as a fork or pitchfork.

Answer 826

(pōl′tĭs) n. A soft moist mass of bread, meal, clay, or other adhesive substance, usually heated, spread on cloth, and applied to warm, moisten, or stimulate an aching or inflamed part of the body. Also called cataplasm. tr.v. poul·ticed, poul·tic·ing, poul·tic·es To apply a poultice to. [Middle English pultes, from Medieval Latin pultēs, thick paste, from Latin, pl. of puls, pult-, pottage; see pulse.]

Answer 827

adj. 1. Of, relating to, derived from, or consisting of cortex. 2. Of, relating to, associated with, or depending on the cerebral cortex. cor′ti·cal·ly adv.

Answer 828

(tûr′jĭd) adj. 1. Excessively ornate or complex in style or language; grandiloquent: turgid prose. 2. Swollen or distended, as from a fluid; bloated: a turgid bladder; turgid veins. [Latin turgidus, from turgēre, to be swollen.] tur·gid′i·ty, tur′gid·ness n. tur′gid·ly adv.

Answer 829

(ăn′tĭ-sēd′nt) adj. Going before; preceding. n. 1. One that precedes another. 2. a. A preceding occurrence, cause, or event. See Synonyms at cause. b. antecedents The important events and occurrences in one's early life. 3. antecedents One's ancestors. 4. Grammar The word, phrase, or clause that determines what a pronoun refers to, as the children in The teacher asked the children where they were going. 5. Mathematics The first term of a ratio. 6. Logic The conditional member of a hypothetical proposition. an′te·ce′dent·ly adv.

Answer 830

n. Either of the tenth and longest of the cranial nerves, passing through the neck and thorax into the abdomen and supplying sensation to part of the ear, the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx, motor impulses to the vocal cords, and motor and secretory impulses to the abdominal and thoracic viscera. Also called pneumogastric nerve. [New Latin (nervus) vagus, wandering (nerve), from Latin.]

Answer 831

(dĭ-pyo͞ot′) tr. v. de·put·ed, de·put·ing, de·putes 1. To appoint or authorize as an agent or representative. 2. To assign (authority or duties) to another; delegate. [Middle English deputen, from Old French deputer, from Late Latin dēputāre, to allot, from Latin, to consider : dē-, de- + putāre, to ponder; see pau- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 832

(ĭ-jĕk′tə) pl.n. Ejected matter, as that from an erupting volcano. [New Latin ēiecta, from neuter pl. of Latin ēiectus, past participle of ēicere, to throw out; see eject.]

Answer 833

(ĕk′sə-jən-sē, ĭg-zĭj′ən-) n. pl. ex·i·gen·cies 1. A pressing or urgent situation: "We were caught in a wartime exigency that was beyond any humane, any rational, resistance" (John Kenneth Galbraith). 2. An urgent requirement; a pressing need: "distracted by the exigencies of running a business" (Richard Curtis).

Answer 834

v. ac·cret·ed, ac·cret·ing, ac·cretes v.tr. To make larger or greater, as by increased growth. v. intr. 1. To grow together; fuse. 2. To grow or increase gradually, as by addition. In astrophysics, accretion is the growth of particles into a massive object by gravitationally attracting more matter, typically gaseous matter in an accretion disk.[1] This attracted matter accelerates the growth of the particles into boulder-sized planetesimals. The more massive planetesimals accrete some smaller ones, while others shatter in collisions.

Answer 835

(ûr′sīn′) adj. Of or characteristic of bears or a bear. [Latin ursīnus, from ursus, bear; see r̥tko- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 836

(dō′lər-əs, dŏl′ər-) adj. Marked by or exhibiting sorrow, grief, or pain.

Answer 837

or chiv·y (chĭv′ē) v. chiv·vied, chiv·vy·ing, chiv·vies or chiv·ied or chiv·y·ing or chiv·ies v. tr. 1. To vex or harass with petty attacks: political opponents who chivvied the senator. 2. To maneuver or secure gradually: "had spent two weeks chivvying this division toward combat readiness" (Tom Clancy). v.intr. To scurry. n. pl. chiv·vies or chiv·ies 1. A hunt or chase. 2. A hunting cry. [Variant of chevy, a hunt, hunting cry, from Chevy Chase, title of a ballad about a border skirmish, from Cheviot Chase, a large unenclosed hunting tract in the Cheviot Hills.]

Answer 838

n. 1. A strap, especially a short rope whose ends are spliced together to make a ring. 2. A flexible strip of leather or canvas used for sharpening a razor. tr.v. stropped, strop·ping, strops To sharpen (a razor) on a strop.

Answer 839

(so͞o′ĭt) n. The hard fatty tissues around the kidneys of cattle and sheep, used in cooking and for making tallow.

Answer 840

n. 1. a. A large, highly vascular lymphoid organ, lying in the human body to the left of the stomach below the diaphragm, serving to store blood, disintegrate old blood cells, filter foreign substances from the blood, and produce lymphocytes. b. A homologous organ or tissue in other vertebrates. c. Obsolete This organ conceived as the seat of emotions or passions. 2. Ill temper: vent one's spleen. 3. Archaic Melancholy. 4. Obsolete A whim; a caprice. [Middle English splen, from Old French esplen, from Latin splēn, from Greek.] spleen′y adj.

Answer 841

(trĕb′yə-shĕt′) also treb·uc·ket (-ə-kĕt′) n. A medieval catapult for hurling heavy stones, often employing a long sling. [Middle English, from Old French, from trebucher, to overthrow : tre-, over (from Latin trāns-; see trans-) + but, trunk of the body (of Germanic origin).]

Answer 842

(är′jənt) n. 1. Silver as conventionally represented in heraldry by the color white. 2. Archaic The metal silver. [Middle English, from Old French, from Latin argentum, silver; see arg- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 843

(to͞o′bər, tyo͞o′-) n. 1. a. A swollen, fleshy, usually underground outgrowth of the stem or rhizome of a plant, such as the potato, bearing buds from which new plant shoots arise. b. A similar outgrowth of a plant root. 2. A rounded projection or swelling; a tubercle.

Answer 844

(pə-lā′shəl) adj. 1. Of or suitable for a palace: palatial furnishings. 2. Of the nature of a palace, as in spaciousness or ornateness: a palatial yacht. [From Latin Palātium, imperial residence; see palace.] pa·la′tial·ly adv. pa·la′tial·ness n.

Answer 845

(păr′ək-sĭz′əm) n. 1. A sudden outburst of emotion or action: a paroxysm of laughter. 2. a. A sudden attack, recurrence, or intensification of a disease. b. A spasm or fit; a convulsion. [Middle English paroxism, periodic attack of a disease, from Medieval Latin paroxysmus, from Greek paroxusmos, from paroxūnein, to stimulate, irritate : para-, intensive pref.; see oxūnein in Indo-European roots).] par′ox·ys′mal (-ək-sĭz′məl) adj. par′ox·ys′mal·ly adv.

Answer 846

(lĭl′ə-pyo͞o′shən) n. A very small person or being. adj. 1. Very small; diminutive. 2. Trivial; petty. [After Lilliput, a country in Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift, where everything was diminutive.]

Answer 847

1. a. Easily angered; bad-tempered. b. Archaic Having choler as the dominant humor in terms of medieval physiology. 2. Showing or expressing anger: choleric remarks.

Answer 848

(kŏg′nāt′) adj. 1. Related by blood; having a common ancestor. 2. Related in origin, as certain words in genetically related languages descended from the same ancestral root; for example, English name and Latin nōmen from Indo-European \*nō̆-men-. 3. Related or analogous in nature, character, or function. n. 1. One related by blood or origin with another, especially a person sharing an ancestor with another. 2. A word related to one in another language. 3. A sequence of university courses taken as an adjunct to a graduate degree program: earned an MA in linguistics with a cognate in computer science. [Latin cognātus : co-, co- + gnātus, born, past participle of nāscī, to be born; see genə- in Indo-European roots.] cog·na′tion n.

Answer 849

(ə-pŏk′rə-fəl) adj. 1. Of questionable authorship or authenticity. 2. Erroneous; fictitious: "Wildly apocryphal rumors about starvation in Petrograd ... raced through Russia's trenches" (W. Bruce Lincoln). 3. Apocryphal Bible Of or having to do with the Apocrypha. a·poc′ry·phal·ly adv.

Answer 850

1. To disturb, distress, or exhaust by repeated demands or criticism; harass. See Synonyms at harass. 2. a. To attack or raid, as in war: Vikings harrying the coast. b. To force along, as by attacks or blows: "Blue jays were chasing a squirrel, harrying the creature from tree to tree" (Paul Theroux). 3. To batter or buffet. Used of the wind or storms: The wind harried the trees.

Answer 851

Zeno of Citium (c. 334 – c. 262 BC) was a Greek thinker from Citium, Cyprus. He was possibly of Phoenician descent. Zeno was the founder of the Stoic school of philosophy, which he taught in Athens from about 300 BC. Based on the moral ideas of the Cynics, Stoicism laid great emphasis on goodness and peace of mind gained from living a life of Virtue in accordance with Nature. It proved very successful, and flourished as the dominant philosophy from the Hellenistic period through to the Roman era.

Answer 852

(slāk) v. slaked, slak·ing, slakes v.tr. 1. a. To satisfy (a craving); quench: slaked her thirst. b. Archaic To lessen the force or intensity of; moderate: slaking his anger. 2. To combine (lime) chemically with water or moist air. v.intr. To undergo a slaking process; crumble or disintegrate, as lime. [Middle English slaken, to abate, from Old English slacian, from slæc, slack, sluggish; see slack.]

Answer 853

tr.v. es·pied, es·py·ing, es·pies To catch sight of (something that is distant, partially hidden, or obscure); glimpse. See Synonyms at see.

Answer 854

(mĕz′ŏn′, mĕs′-, mē′zŏn′, -sŏn′, mā′-) n. Any of a class of subatomic particles that are both hadrons and bosons, are composed of a quark and an antiquark, participate in strong interactions, and have masses generally intermediate between those of leptons and baryons. [meso- + -on.] me·son′ic (mĕ-zŏn′ĭk, -sŏn′, mē-, mā-) adj.

Answer 855

(lā′mē-ə) n. pl. la·mi·as or la·mi·ae (-mē-ē′) 1. also Lamia Greek Mythology A monster represented as a serpent with the head and breasts of a woman that ate children and sucked the blood from men. 2. A female vampire. In ancient Greek mythology, Lamia was a beautiful queen of Libya who became a child-eating daemon. Aristophanes claimed her name derived from the Greek word for gullet (laimos), referring to her habit of devouring children.

Answer 856

(ĭn-dŏm′ĭ-tə-bəl) adj. Incapable of being overcome, subdued, or vanquished; unconquerable. [Late Latin indomitābilis : Latin in-, not; see domitare in Indo-European roots.] in·dom′i·ta·bil′i·ty, in·dom′i·ta·ble·ness n. in·dom′i·ta·bly adv.

Answer 857

n. Greek Mythology One of a people known to the ancient Greeks from the earliest times, living in a perpetually warm and sunny land north of the source of the north wind. adj. 1. Of or relating to the Hyperboreans. 2. hyperborean a. Of or relating to the far north; Arctic. b. Very cold; frigid. [From Latin Hyperboreus, from Hyperboreī, the Hyperboreans, from Greek Huperboreoi : huper-, hyper- + boreios, northern, or Boreās, the north wind, the north.]

Answer 858

n. 1. A paragon of chivalry; a heroic champion. 2. A strong supporter or defender of a cause: "the paladin of plain speaking" (Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr.) 3. Any of the 12 peers of Charlemagne's court. [French, from Italian paladino, from Late Latin palātīnus, palatine; see palatine.]

Answer 859

n. 1. The land directly adjacent to and inland from a coast. 2. a. A region remote from urban areas; backcountry. b. A region situated beyond metropolitan centers of culture. [German : hinter, behind (from Middle High German, from Old High German hintar; see ko- in Indo-European roots) + Land, land (from Middle High German lant, from Old High German; see lendh- in Indo-European roots).]

Answer 860

(bə-sôlt′, bā′sôlt′) n. 1. A hard, dense, dark igneous rock composed chiefly of plagioclase feldspar, pyroxene, and olivine, and often having a glassy appearance. 2. A kind of hard unglazed pottery. [Latin basaltēs, alteration of basanītēs, touchstone, from Greek basanītēs (lithos), from basanos, Egyptian bḫn, graywacke.] ba·sal′tic (-sôl′tĭk) adj.

Answer 861

n. pl. i·dol·a·tries 1. Worship of idols. 2. Blind or excessive devotion to something. iˈdolater n iˈdolatress fem n iˈdolatrous adj iˈdolatrously adv iˈdolatrousness n

Answer 862

(ăp′ə-trō-pā′ĭk) adj. Intended to ward off evil: an apotropaic symbol. [From Greek apotropaios, from apotrepein, to ward off : apo-, apo- + trepein, to turn; see trep- in Indo-European roots.] ap′o·tro·pa′i·cal·ly adv.

Answer 863

(bûr′dŏk′) n. Any of several plants of the genus Arctium of the composite family, having edible roots and pink or purplish flower heads surrounded by prickly bracts that form burs. [bur + dock.]

Answer 864

v. spurned, spurn·ing, spurns v. tr. 1. To reject with disdain or contempt. See Synonyms at refuse. 2. Archaic To kick at or tread on disdainfully. v.intr. To reject something contemptuously. n. Archaic 1. A contemptuous rejection. 2. A kick. spurn′er n.

Answer 865

1. a short, pithy, instructive saying; a terse remark or aphorism.

Answer 866

(vər-tĭj′ə-nəs) adj. 1. Turning about an axis; revolving or whirling. 2. Affected by vertigo; dizzy. 3. Tending to produce vertigo: "my small mind contained in earthly human limits, not lost in vertiginous space and elements unknown" (Diana Cooper). 4. Inclined to change quickly; unstable. [From Latin vertīgō, vertīgin-, a whirling, from vertere, to turn; see version.] ver·tig′i·nous·ly adv. ver·tig′i·nous·ness n.

Answer 867

(ĭn-dĕl′ə-bəl) adj. 1. Impossible to remove, erase, or wash away; permanent: indelible ink. 2. Making a mark not easily erased or washed away: an indelible pen for labeling clothing. 3. Unable to be forgotten; memorable: an indelible memory. (from dēlēre, to wipe out) in·del′i·bil′i·ty n. in·del′i·bly adv.

Answer 868

Pantheism is the belief that the universe (or nature as the totality of everything) is identical with divinity, or that everything composes an all-encompassing, immanent God. Pantheists thus do not believe in a distinct personal or anthropomorphic god. Some Asian religions are considered to be pantheistically inclined. Pantheism was popularised in the West as both a theology and philosophy based on the work of the 17th-century philosopher Baruch Spinoza, whose book Ethics was an answer to Descartes' famous dualist theory that the body and spirit are separate. Spinoza held the monist view that the two are the same, and monism is a fundamental part of his philosophy. He was described as a "God-intoxicated man," and used the word God to describe the unity of all substance. Although the term pantheism was not coined until after his death, Spinoza is regarded as its most celebrated advocate.

Answer 869

Parmenides of Elea (Greek: Παρμενίδης ὁ Ἐλεάτης; fl. late sixth or early fifth century BCE) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher from Elea in Magna Graecia. He was the founder of the Eleatic school of philosophy. The single known work of Parmenides is a poem, On Nature, which has survived only in fragmentary form. In this poem, Parmenides describes two views of reality. In "the way of truth" (a part of the poem), he explains how reality (coined as "what-is") is one, change is impossible, and existence is timeless, uniform, necessary, and unchanging. In "the way of opinion," he explains the world of appearances, in which one's sensory faculties lead to conceptions which are false and deceitful. These ideas had a strong effect on Plato, and in turn, influenced the whole of Western philosophy.

Answer 870

(to͞o′mĭd, tyo͞o′-) adj. 1. Swollen; distended. Used of a body part or organ. 2. Of a bulging shape; protuberant. 3. Overblown; bombastic: tumid political prose. [Latin tumidus, from tumēre, to swell; see teuə- in Indo-European roots.] tu·mid′i·ty n. tu′mid·ly adv.

Answer 871

Enochian is a name often applied to an occult or angelic language recorded in the private journals of John Dee and his colleague Edward Kelley in late 16th century England. Dee straddled the worlds of science and magic just as they were becoming distinguishable, and Kelley was a spirit medium who worked with Dee in his magical investigations. The men claimed that the language was revealed to them by angels. The language is integral to the practice of Enochian magic. The language found in Dee and Kelley's journals encompasses a limited textual corpus, only some of it with English translations. Several linguists, notably Donald Laycock, have studied Enochian, and argue against any extraordinary features in the language. Dee's journals did not describe the language as "Enochian", instead preferring descriptors like "Angelical", the "Celestial Speech", the "Language of Angels", the "First Language of God-Christ", the "Holy Language", or "Adamical" because, according to Dee's Angels, it was used by Adam in Paradise to name all things. The term "Enochian" comes from Dee's assertion that the Biblical Patriarch Enoch had been the last human (before Dee and Kelley) to know the language.

Answer 872

n. pl. shim·mies 1. Abnormal vibration or wobbling, as of the wheels of an automobile. 2. A dance popular in the 1920s, characterized by rapid shaking of the body. 3. A chemise. intr. v. shim·mied, shim·my·ing, shim·mies 1. To vibrate or wobble abnormally. 2. To shake the body in or as if in dancing the shimmy. [Perhaps from shimmy, alteration of chemise.]

Answer 873

adj. Lacking or marked by a lack of self-confidence; shy and timid: He was too diffident to express his opinion. [Middle English, from Latin diffīdēns, diffīdent-, present participle of diffīdere, to mistrust : dis-, dis- + fīdere, to trust; see bheidh- in Indo-European roots.] dif′fi·dent·ly adv.

Answer 874

(do͝o-rĕs′, dyo͝o-) n. 1. a. Compulsion by threat or violence; coercion: confessed under duress. b. Constraint or difficulty caused by misfortune: "children who needed only temporary care because their parents were ill, out of work, or under some other form of duress" (Stephan O'Connor). 2. Law a. A fraud achieved through the use of a threat or compulsion: She had a cause of action for duress. His claim was based on duress. b. A criminal defense for an act undertaken under threat of serious bodily harm: His defense was duress. 3. Forcible confinement. [Middle English duresse, harshness, compulsion, from Old French durece, hardness, from Latin dūritia, from dūrus, hard; see deru- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 875

(jĕn′trē) n. pl. gen·tries 1. People of gentle birth, good breeding, or high social position. 2. a. An upper or ruling class. b. The class of English landowners ranking just below the nobility. 3. People of a particular class or group: another commuter from the suburban gentry.

Answer 876

(fā′lăngks′, făl′ăngks′) n. pl. pha·lanx·es or pha·lan·ges (fə-lăn′jēz, fā-) 1. A compact or close-knit body of people: "formed a solid phalanx in defense of the Constitution and Protestant religion" (G.M. Trevelyan). 2. A formation of infantry carrying overlapping shields and long spears, developed by Philip II of Macedon and used by Alexander the Great. 3. pl. phalanges Anatomy A bone of a finger or toe. Also called phalange. 4. See phalanstery. [Latin phalanx, phalang-, from Greek.]

Answer 877

also in·tran·si·geant (ĭn-trăn′sə-jənt, -zə-) adj. Refusing to moderate a position, especially an extreme position; uncompromising. [French intransigeant, from Spanish intransigente : in-, not (from Latin; see transigente in Indo-European roots).] in·tran′si·gence, in·tran′si·gen·cy n. in·tran′si·gent n. in·tran′si·gent·ly adv.

Answer 878

A tableland region of South America in southern Argentina and Chile extending from the Río Colorado to the Straits of Magellan and from the Andes to the Atlantic Ocean. The study of its indigenous inhabitants, the Tehuelche, and its unusual wildlife have attracted many scientific expeditions, including that of Charles Darwin (1831-1836). Pat′a·go′ni·an adj. & n.

Answer 879

(lĭng′gəm) also lin·ga (lĭn′gə) n. Hinduism A stylized phallus worshiped as a symbol of the god Shiva. [Sanskrit liṅgam, mark, penis.] The lingam (also linga, ling, Shiva linga, Shiv ling, Sanskrit: लिङ्गं,liṅgaṃ, meaning "mark", "sign", or "inference") is a representation of the Hindu deity Shiva used for worship in temples. In traditional Indian society, the linga is rather seen as a symbol of the energy and potential of God, Shiva himself. The lingam is often represented alongside the yoni, a symbol of the goddess or of Shakti, female creative energy. The union of lingam and yoni represents the "indivisible two-in-oneness of male and female, the passive space and active time from which all life originates". Linga represents Cosmic Egg ('Brahmanda' in Sanskrit) who has no beginning nor end. It is believed that this changing world ('Jagat' in Sanskrit) merges or dissolves into the Formless in the end. So, the Linga is the simplest sign of emergence and mergence.

Answer 880

(kăt′ĭ-kĭz′əm) n. 1. a. A text summarizing the basic principles of a Christian denomination, usually in question-and-answer form. b. Formal indoctrination in the tenets of a Christian denomination; catechesis. 2. A manual giving basic instruction in a subject, usually by rote or repetition. 3. A body of fundamental principles or beliefs, especially when accepted uncritically: "The catechism of liberal America was dominated by references to 'freedom,' 'equality,' 'democracy,;rsquo; 'individualism'" (Joseph Ellis). 4. A close questioning or examination, as of a political figure. [French catechisme, from Old French, from Late Latin catēchismus, from Late Greek katēkhismos, from katēkhizein, to teach by word of mouth; see catechize.]

Answer 881

n. A bar used as a lever. [Alteration of Dutch handspaak : hand, hand (from Middle Dutch hant) + spaak, spoke (from Middle Dutch spāke, stick).]

Answer 882

(vĭk′ər) n. 1. a. An Anglican parish priest in a parish where historically someone other than the priest was entitled to the tithes. b. A cleric in charge of a chapel in the Episcopal Church of the United States. 2. An Anglican or Roman Catholic cleric who acts for or represents another, often higher-ranking member of the clergy. [Middle English, from Old French vicaire, from Latin vicārius, vicarious, a substitute, from vicis, genitive of \*vix, change; see weik- in Indo-European roots.] vic′ar·ship′ n.

Answer 883

adj. 1. Given to or characterized by licentiousness or dissipation: a profligate nightlife. 2. Given to or characterized by reckless waste; wildly extravagant: a profligate spender; the profligate use of water. n. A profligate person. [Latin prōflīgātus, past participle of prōflīgāre, to ruin, cast down : prō-, forward; see pro-1 + -flīgāre, intensive of flīgere, to strike down.] prof′li·ga·cy (-gə-sē) n. prof′li·gate·ly adv.

Answer 884

1. Of or relating to a funeral. 2. Appropriate for or suggestive of a funeral; mournful: funereal gloom.

Answer 885

(no͞o′əl, nyo͞o′-) n. 1. A vertical support at the center of a circular staircase. 2. A post that supports a handrail at the bottom or at the landing of a staircase.

Answer 886

n. 1. (Breeds) an uncastrated adult sheep 2. (Astrology) the Ram the constellation Aries, the first sign of the zodiac

Answer 887

n. 1. A member of a traditionally Muslim people of mixed Berber and Arab ancestry, now living chiefly in northwest Africa. 2. One of the Muslims who invaded Spain in the 8th century and established a civilization in Andalusia that lasted until the late 15th century. v. moored, moor·ing, moors v. tr. 1. To make fast (a vessel, for example) by means of cables, anchors, or lines: moor a ship to a dock; a dirigible moored to a tower. 2. To fix in place; secure: a mailbox moored to the sidewalk with bolts. See Synonyms at fasten. 3. To provide with an abiding emotional attachment: a politician moored to the family back home. v. intr. 1. To secure a vessel or aircraft with lines or anchors. 2. To be secured with lines or anchors: The freighter moored alongside the wharf. n. An uncultivated area covered with low-growing vegetation and often high but poorly drained.

Answer 888

(ĭn-jĕn′yo͞o-əs) adj. 1. Lacking in cunning, guile, or worldliness; innocent or naive: I'm not so ingenuous as to believe everything he says. See Synonyms at naive. 2. Straightforward or frank; candid: "I must be so ingenuous as to own that the accounts are not so certain as to the exact time and place of his birth" (Memoir of Martinus Scriblerus). [Latin ingenuus, honest, freeborn; see genə- in Indo-European roots.] in·gen′u·ous·ly adv. in·gen′u·ous·ness n.

Answer 889

1. Smelling of mildew or decay; musty. 2. Old-fashioned; antique.

Answer 890

r. v. vouch·safed, vouch·saf·ing, vouch·safes Archaic 1. To condescend to grant or bestow (something): "On my knees I beg / That you'll vouchsafe me raiment, bed, and food" (Shakespeare). 2. To condescend (to do something); deign: "He called for some tea; upon which occasion my landlady herself vouchsafed to pay him a visit" (Henry Fielding). 3. To disclose or reveal: "At dinner-table, Mr Clayhanger had only vouchsafed that he had a train to catch" (Arnold Bennet).

Answer 891

(păl′ər) n. Extreme or unnatural paleness.

Answer 892

tr. v. goosed, goos·ing, goos·es Slang 1. To poke, prod, or pinch (a person) between or on the buttocks. 2. To move to action; spur: goosed the governor to sign the tax bill. 3. To give a spurt of fuel to (a car, for example); cause to accelerate quickly: "The pilot goosed his craft, powering away" (Nicholas Proffitt).

Answer 893

(păn′ə-plē) n. pl. pan·o·plies 1. A splendid or striking array or arrangement: a panoply of colorful flags. 2. Ceremonial attire with all accessories: a portrait of the general in full panoply. 3. Something that covers and protects: a porcupine's panoply of quills. 4. The complete arms and armor of a warrior. [Greek panopliā : pan-, pan- + hopla, arms, armor, pl. of hoplon, weapon.]

Answer 894

(gŏb′ĭt) n. 1. A piece or chunk, especially of raw meat. 2. A bit or morsel: a diary containing gobbets of useful information. 3. A small amount of liquid; a drop.

Answer 895

(dĭ-mē′tər) n. Greek Mythology The goddess of the harvest, daughter of Rhea and Cronus and mother of Persephone. Presided over grains and the fertility of the earth. Her cult titles include Sito, "she of the Grain",[1] as the giver of food or grain and Thesmophoros (thesmos: divine order, unwritten law; "phoros": bringer, bearer), "Law-Bringer," as a mark of the civilized existence of agricultural society. Though Demeter is often described simply as the goddess of the harvest, she presided also over the sacred law, and the cycle of life and death. She and her daughter Persephone were the central figures of the Eleusinian Mysteries that predated the Olympian pantheon. In the Linear B Mycenean Greek tablets of circa 1400–1200 BC found at Pylos, the "two mistresses and the king" may be related with Demeter, Persephone and Poseidon. Her Roman equivalent is Ceres.

Answer 896

(ăf′ə-rĭz′əm) n. 1. A tersely phrased statement of a truth or opinion; an adage. See Synonyms at saying. 2. A brief statement of a scientific principle. [French aphorisme, from Old French, from Late Latin aphorismus, from Greek aphorismos, from aphorizein, to delimit, define : apo-, apo- + horizein, to delimit, define; see horizon.] aph′o·rist n. aph′o·ris′tic (-rĭs′tĭk) adj. aph′o·ris′ti·cal·ly adv.

Answer 897

(pĕs′əl, pĕs′təl) n. 1. A club-shaped, handheld tool for grinding or mashing substances in a mortar. 2. A large bar moved vertically to stamp or pound, as in a press or mill. v. pes·tled, pes·tling, pes·tles v.tr. To pound, grind, or mash with or as if with a pestle. v.intr. To use a pestle. [Middle English pestel, from Old French, from Latin pistillum.]

Answer 898

(ĭn′də-lənt) adj. 1. a. Disinclined to exert oneself; habitually lazy. See Synonyms at lazy. b. Conducive to inactivity or laziness; lethargic: humid, indolent weather. 2. a. Causing little or no pain: an indolent tumor. b. Slow to heal, grow, or develop; inactive: an indolent ulcer. in′do·lent·ly adv.

Answer 899

(ä′lē bä′bə, ăl′ē) n. A poor woodcutter in the Arabian Nights who gains entrance to the treasure cave of the 40 thieves by saying the magic words "Open, Sesame!"

Answer 900

(răt′ə-to͞o′ē, rä′tä-) n. A vegetable stew, usually made with eggplant, tomatoes, zucchini, peppers, and onions, seasoned with herbs and garlic. [French, from alteration of toillier, touiller, to stir, mix; see toil.]

Answer 901

(rō′zĭ-kro͞o′shən, rŏz′ĭ-) n. 1. A member of one of several international organizations such as the Ancient Mystical Order Rosae Crucis, devoted to the study of ancient mystical, philosophical, and religious doctrines and concerned with the application of these doctrines to modern life. 2. A member of any of several secret organizations or orders of the 1600s and 1700s concerned with the study of religious mysticism and professing esoteric religious beliefs. adj. Of or relating to Rosicrucians or their philosophy. [From New Latin (Frāter) Rosae Crucis, (Brother) of the Cross of the Rose, translation of German Rosenkreutz, surname of the traditional founder of the society.] Ro′si·cru′cian·ism n.

Answer 902

(grous) n. pl. grouse or grous·es Any of various plump, chiefly ground-dwelling gallinaceous birds of the subfamily Tetraoninae of northern North America and Eurasia, characteristically having feathered legs and nostrils and mottled plumage.

Answer 903

(pŭl′krĭ-to͞od′, -tyo͞od′) n. Great physical beauty and appeal. [Middle English pulcritude, from Latin pulchritūdō, from pulcher, pulchr-, beautiful.] pul′chri·tud′i·nous (-to͞od′n-əs, -tyo͞od′-) adj.

Answer 904

(rō′tə) n. 1. Chiefly British A roll call or roster of names. 2. Chiefly British A round or rotation of duties. 3. Rota Roman Catholic Church A tribunal of prelates that serves as an ecclesiastical court.

Answer 905

(fē′kən-dāt′, fĕk′ən-) tr. v. fe·cun·dat·ed, fe·cun·dat·ing, fe·cun·dates 1. To make fecund or fruitful. 2. To impregnate; fertilize.

Answer 906

William James (1842 – 1910) was an American philosopher and psychologist who was also trained as a physician. The first educator to offer a psychology course in the United States, James was one of the leading thinkers of the late nineteenth century and is believed by many to be one of the most influential philosophers the United States has ever produced, while others have labelled him the "Father of American psychology". Along with Charles Sanders Peirce and John Dewey, he is considered to be one of the major figures associated with the philosophical school known as pragmatism, and is also cited as one of the founders of functional psychology. He also developed the philosophical perspective known as radical empiricism. James' work has influenced intellectuals such as Émile Durkheim, W. E. B. Du Bois, Edmund Husserl, Bertrand Russell, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Hilary Putnam, and Richard Rorty. Born into a wealthy family, James was the son of the Swedenborgian theologian Henry James Sr and the brother of both the prominent novelist Henry James, and the diarist Alice James. James wrote widely on many topics, including epistemology, education, metaphysics, psychology, religion, and mysticism. Among his most influential books are The Principles of Psychology, which was a groundbreaking text in the field of psychology, Essays in Radical Empiricism, an important text in philosophy, and The Varieties of Religious Experience, which investigated different forms of religious experience, which also included the then theories on Mind cure. James defined true beliefs as those that prove useful to the believer. His pragmatic theory of truth was a synthesis of correspondence theory of truth and coherence theory of truth, with an added dimension. Truth is verifiable to the extent that thoughts and statements correspond with actual things, as well as the extent to which they "hang together," or cohere, as pieces of a puzzle might fit together; these are in turn verified by the observed results of the application of an idea to actual practice. James investigated mystical experiences throughout his life, leading him to experiment with chloral hydrate (1870), amyl nitrite (1875), nitrous oxide (1882), and peyote (1896). James claimed that it was only when he was under the influence of nitrous oxide that he was able to understand Hegel.

Answer 907

(mō′năd′) n. 1. Philosophy An indivisible, impenetrable unit of substance viewed as the basic constituent element of physical reality in the metaphysics of Leibniz. 2. Biology A single-celled microorganism, especially a flagellate protozoan formerly classified in the taxonomic group Monadina.

Answer 908

n. 1. A poppet valve. 2. Nautical a. A small wooden strip on a gunwale that forms or supports an oarlock. b. One of the beams of a launching cradle supporting a ship's hull. 3. Chiefly British A darling. [Middle English popet, small child, doll, puppet; see puppet.]

Answer 909

(ăs′trə-lāb′) n. A medieval instrument, now replaced by the sextant, that was once used to determine the altitude of the sun or other celestial bodies. [Middle English astrelabie, from Old French astrelabe, from Medieval Latin astrolabium, from Greek astrolabon, planisphere : astro-, astro- + lambanein, lab-, to take.]

Answer 910

(flo͞o) n. 1. A pipe, tube, or channel for conveying hot air, gas, steam, or smoke, as from a furnace or fireplace to a chimney. 2. Music a. An organ pipe sounded by means of a current of air striking a lip in the side of the pipe and causing the air within to vibrate. Also calledlabial. b. The lipped opening in such a pipe.

Answer 911

The Secret Chiefs are said to be transcendent cosmic authorities, a Spiritual Hierarchy responsible for the operation and moral calibre of the cosmos, or for overseeing the operations of an esoteric organization that manifests outwardly in the form of a magical order or lodge system. Their names and descriptions have varied through time, dependent upon those who reflect their experience of contact with them. They are variously held to exist on higher planes of being or to be incarnate; if incarnate, they may be described as being gathered at some special location, such as Shambhala, or scattered through the world working anonymously. One early and influential source on these entities is Karl von Eckartshausen, whose The Cloud Upon The Sanctuary, published in 1795, explained in some detail their character and motivations. Several 19th and 20th century occultists claimed to belong to or to have contacted these Secret Chiefs and made these communications known to others, including H.P. Blavatsky (who called them the "Tibetan Masters" or Mahatmas), C.W. Leadbeater and Alice A. Bailey (who called them Masters of the Ancient Wisdom), Guy Ballard and Elizabeth Clare Prophet (who called them Ascended Masters), Aleister Crowley (who used the term to refer to members of the upper three grades of his order, A∴A∴ ), Dion Fortune (who called them the "esoteric order"), and Max Heindel (who called them the "Elder Brothers").

Answer 912

n. A disease caused by deficiency of vitamin C, characterized by spongy and bleeding gums, bleeding under the skin, and extreme weakness. adj. scur·vi·er, scur·vi·est Mean; contemptible. scur′vi·ly adv. scur′vi·ness n.

Answer 913

(săk′rō-săngkt′) adj. Regarded as sacred and inviolable. [Latin sacrōsānctus, consecrated with religious ceremonies : sacrō, ablative of sacrum, religious rite (from neuter of sacer, sacred; see sānctus in Indo-European roots.] sac′ro·sanc′ti·ty (-săngk′tĭ-tē) n.

Answer 914

(ĭ-răs′ə-bəl, ī-răs′-) adj. 1. Prone to outbursts of temper; easily angered. 2. Characterized by or resulting from anger. i·ras′ci·bil′i·ty, i·ras′ci·ble·ness n. i·ras′ci·bly adv.

Answer 915

n. Any of various small freshwater and marine fishes of the family Gasterosteidae, having erectile spines along the back.

Answer 916

(New Testament) a Christian missionary to the Gentiles; author of several Epistles in the New Testament; even though Paul was not present at the Last Supper he is considered an Apostle; "Paul's name was Saul prior to his conversion to Christianity" Names: Apostle of the Gentiles, Apostle Paul, Paul the Apostle, Saul of Tarsus, St. Paul, Saul, Paul

Answer 917

(ăn-tĭf′ə-nē) n. pl. an·tiph·o·nies 1. Responsive or antiphonal singing or chanting. 2. A composition that is sung responsively; an antiphon. 3. A responsive or reciprocal interchange, as of ideas or opinions: "Sheridan's play shows both sides of the coin. He establishes an antiphony of cynicism and sentimentality" (Jonathan Miller).

Answer 918

(sto͞o′pə-făk′shən, styo͞o′-) n. 1. a. The act or an instance of stupefying. b. The state of being stupefied. 2. Great astonishment or consternation.

Answer 919

adj. 1. Of or relating to the ancient Greek region of Arcadia or its people, language, or culture. 2. often arcadian Rustic, peaceful, and simple; pastoral: a country life of arcadian contentment. n. 1. A native or inhabitant of the ancient Greek region of Arcadia. 2. often arcadian One who leads or prefers a simple, rural life. 3. The dialect of ancient Greek used in Arcadia.

Answer 920

(prŏd′ĭ-gəl) adj. 1. Rashly or wastefully extravagant: prodigal expenditures on unneeded weaponry; a prodigal nephew who squandered his inheritance. 2. Giving or given in abundance; lavish or profuse: "the infinite number of organic beings with which the sea of the tropics, so prodigal of life, teems" (Charles Darwin). See Synonyms at profuse. n. One who is given to wasteful luxury or extravagance.

Answer 921

A large destructive fire.

Answer 922

(nŏb′kĕr′ē) n. A short club with one knobbed end, used as a weapon by warriors of certain South African peoples. [Afrikaans knopkierie : knop, knob (from Middle Dutch cnoppe) + kieri, club (from Khoikhoi kirri, stick).]

Answer 923

1. Rule by or as if by a despot; absolute power or authority. 2. The actions of a despot; tyranny. 3. a. A government or political system in which the ruler exercises absolute power. b. A state so ruled.

Answer 924

also sa·van·nah (sə-văn′ə) n. A flat grassland of tropical or subtropical regions. [Obsolete Spanish çavana, from Taíno zabana.]

Answer 925

adj 1. (Zoology) Also: ciliated possessing or relating to cilia: a ciliate epithelium. 2. (Animals) of or relating to protozoans of the phylum Ciliophora, which have an outer layer of cilia n 3. (Animals) a protozoan of the phylum Ciliophora ˌ ciliˈation n

Answer 926

intr. v. scud·ded, scud·ding, scuds 1. To run or skim along swiftly and easily: dark clouds scudding by. 2. Nautical To run before a gale with little or no sail set. n. 1. The act of scudding. 2. a. Wind-driven clouds, mist, or rain. b. A gust of wind. c. Ragged low clouds, moving rapidly beneath another cloud layer. [Possibly from Middle English scut, rabbit, rabbit's tail; see scut.]

Answer 927

n. A small, secluded valley.

Answer 928

adj. Having regularly arranged, overlapping edges, as roof tiles or fish scales. v. im·bri·cat·ed, im·bri·cat·ing, im·bri·cates v.tr. To overlap in a regular pattern. v.intr. To be arranged with regular overlapping edges. [Latin imbricātus, covered with roof tiles, from imbrex, imbric-, roof tile, from imber, imbr-, rain.] im′bri·ca′tion n.

Answer 929

adj. 1. a. Subject to no further debate or dispute; final and unassailable: a peremptory decree. b. Not allowing contradiction or refusal; imperative: The officer issued peremptory commands. 2. Offensively self-assured; imperious or dictatorial: a swaggering, peremptory manner. [Latin perēmptōrius, from perēmptus, past participle of perimere, to take away : per-, per- + emere, to obtain; see em- in Indo-European roots.] per·emp′to·ri·ly adv. per·emp′to·ri·ness n.

Answer 930

1. An almost neutral brownish gray to dull grayish brown. 2. A horse of this color. 3. a. A mayfly in its earliest adult stage. b. An fishing fly that imitates such an insect.

Answer 931

(lĭn′tl) n. A horizontal structural member, such as a beam or stone, that spans an opening, as between the uprights of a door or window or between two columns or piers.

Answer 932

n. 1. An unstable, poisonous allotrope of oxygen, O3, that is formed naturally in the ozone layer from atmospheric oxygen by electric discharge or exposure to ultraviolet radiation, also produced in the lower atmosphere by the photochemical reaction of certain pollutants. It is a highly reactive oxidizing agent used to deodorize air, purify water, and treat industrial wastes. 2. Informal Fresh, pure air. [German Ozon, from Greek ozon, neuter present participle of ozein, to smell.] o·zo′nic (ō-zō′nĭk, ō-zŏn′ĭk), o′zon′ous (ō′zō′nəs) adj.

Answer 933

adj. 1. Having or emitting an odor or fragrance; aromatic: "Passionately clean, she was always redolent of the germicidal soap she used so vigorously" (Dorothy Parker). 2. Suggestive; reminiscent: a campaign redolent of machine politics. [Middle English, from Old French, from Latin redolēns, redolent-, present participle of redolēre, to smell : re-, red-, re- + olēre, to smell.] red′o·lent·ly adv.

Answer 934

(ĕf′lə-rĕs′əns) n. 1. Botany A state or time of flowering. 2. a. A gradual process of unfolding or developing. b. The point or time of greatest vigor; the culmination. See Synonyms at bloom. 3. Chemistry a. A deposit that results from the process of efflorescing. Also called bloom. b. The process of efflorescing. 4. Medicine Redness, a rash, or an eruption on the skin. ef′flo·res′cent adj.

Answer 935

(mĭl′ĭt) n. 1. Any of various annual grasses with small grains that are harvested for food, livestock feed, and birdseed, especially proso millet. 2. The grains of any of these plants. [Middle English milet, from Old French, diminutive of mil, millet, from Latin milium; see melə- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 936

(pə-tē′nə, păt′n-ə) also pa·tine (pă-tēn′) n. 1. A thin greenish layer, usually basic copper sulfate, that forms on copper or copper alloys, such as bronze, as a result of natural corrosion or chemical treatment. 2. The sheen on a surface, such as one made of wood, produced by age and use. 3. A superficial exterior layer; a coating: "Everything bore that dull patina of grime that speaks of years of neglect" (Amitav Ghosh). 4. An appearance or perceptible change produced by behavior, practice, or use: "Beneath the fourth-grade patina of obedience and good manners I could be such a surprisingly irresponsible, daydreaming child" (Philip Roth). [Italian, from Latin, plate (from the incrustation on ancient metal plates and dishes); see paten.] Usage Note: Most English words borrowed from Italian follow the stress pattern of that language and are stressed on the second-to-last syllable. There are many exceptions to this rule, however, and among them is the traditional pronunciation of patina, which has emphasis on the first syllable, so it rhymes roughly with the phrase sat in a. This pronunciation remains the preferred pronunciation in Britain and among careful speakers in the United States. But patina also developed a pronunciation that follows the pattern of other -ina words in English, such as cantina. According to the 2009 survey, not only do 90 percent of the Usage Panel find this newer pronunciation acceptable, 60 percent prefer it.

Answer 937

(pô′pər) n. 1. One who is extremely poor. 2. One living on or eligible for public charity.

Answer 938

the tendency of an inferior currency to drive a superior currency out of circulation because of the hoarding of the latter. [1855–60; after Sir T. Gresham]

Answer 939

n. (used with a sing. verb) The branch of fluid mechanics concerned with the movement of gases and liquids.

Answer 940

1. (Classical Myth & Legend) Greek myth one of the foremost of the Greek heroes at the siege of Troy, noted for his courage and ingenuity. His return to his kingdom of Ithaca was fraught with adventures in which he lost all his companions and he was acknowledged by his wife Penelope only after killing her suitors. Roman name: Ulysses

Answer 941

(glô′kəs) adj. 1. Of a pale grayish or bluish green. 2. Botany Covered with a grayish, bluish, or whitish waxy coating or bloom that is easily rubbed off: glaucous leaves. [Latin glaucus, from Greek glaukos.] glau′cous·ness n.

Answer 942

adj. 1. Facing or turned toward the observer: the obverse side of a statue. 2. Serving as a counterpart or complement. n. (ŏb′vûrs′, ŏb-vûrs′, əb-) 1. The side of a coin, medal, or badge that bears the principal stamp or design. 2. The more conspicuous of two possible alternatives, cases, or sides: the obverse of this issue. 3. Logic The counterpart of a proposition obtained by exchanging the affirmative for the negative quality of the whole proposition and then negating the predicate: The obverse of "Every act is predictable" is "No act is unpredictable." [Latin obversus, past participle of obvertere, to turn toward; see obvert.] ob·verse′ly adv. Image: obverse (top) and reverse (bottom) of a Polish zloty coin

Answer 943

n 1. a small village or group of houses 2. (in Britain) a village without its own church [C14: from Old French hamelet, diminutive of hamel, from ham, of Germanic origin; compare Old English hamm plot of pasture, Low German hamm enclosed land; see home]

Answer 944

(ăn′tə-fŏn′) n. 1. A devotional composition sung responsively as part of a liturgy. 2. a. A short liturgical text chanted or sung responsively preceding or following a psalm, psalm verse, or canticle. b. Such a text formerly used as a response but now rendered independently. 3. A response; a reply: "It would be truer ... to see [conservation] as an antiphon to the modernization of the 1950s and 1960s" (Raphael Samuel). [Late Latin antiphōna, sung responses; see anthem.]

Answer 945

adj. 1. Usage Problem Totally or offensively conspicuous or obtrusive: a blatant lie. 2. Unpleasantly loud and noisy: "There are those who find the trombones blatant and the triangle silly, but both add effective color" See Synonyms at vociferous. [From Latin blatīre, to blab (on the model of words such as rampant).] bla′tan·cy n. bla′tant·ly adv. Usage Note: Blatant and flagrant both attribute conspicuousness and offensiveness to certain acts, but the words differ in emphasis. Blatant means "offensively conspicuous," and thus emphasizes the actor's failure to conceal the act. Flagrant, on the other hand, means "conspicuously offensive," and emphasizes the serious wrongdoing inherent in the offense. Thus many actions, from an infraction of the rules in a football game to a violation of human rights, may be blatant or flagrant, depending on what is being emphasized. If the act is committed with contempt for public scrutiny, it is blatant. If the act seems extreme in its violation of norms, it is flagrant. · Blatant and (to a much lesser extent) flagrant are sometimes used as synonyms of obvious, in contexts where there is no immediate connection to human behavior, as in What surprised us was that they went ahead with the idea in spite of the blatant danger of the approach. This usage has traditionally been considered an error.

Answer 946

(găl′ē-ən, găl′yən) n. A large three-masted sailing ship with a square rig and usually two or more decks, used from the 16th to the 18th century especially by Spain as a merchant ship or warship.

Answer 947

v. un·du·lat·ed, un·du·lat·ing, un·du·lates v.intr. 1. To move in waves or with a smooth, wavelike motion: "gleaming seaweed that curls and undulates with the tide" (Willa Cather). 2. To have a wavelike appearance or form: dunes that undulate toward the sea. 3. To increase and decrease in volume or pitch. v. tr. 1. To cause to move in a smooth wavelike motion: The dancer undulated her hips. 2. To give a wavelike appearance or form to: The rock strata are undulated. adj. (-lĭt, -lāt′) Having a wavy outline or appearance: leaves with undulate margins. [From Late Latin undula, small wave, diminutive of Latin unda, wave; see wed- in Indo-European roots.] un′du·la·to′ry (-lə-tôr′ē) adj.

Answer 948

n. 1. A flock of geese. 2. A cluster or group: "A gaggle of photographers huddled on the sidewalk beside a swelling crowd of onlookers" (Gioia Diliberto).

Answer 949

Anubis is the Greek name of a jackal-headed god associated with mummification and the afterlife in ancient Egyptian religion. Like many ancient Egyptian deities, Anubis assumed different roles in various contexts. Depicted as a protector of graves as early as the First Dynasty (c. 3100 – c. 2890 BC), Anubis was also an embalmer. By the Middle Kingdom (c. 2055 – 1650 BC), Anubis was replaced by Osiris in his role as Lord of the underworld. One of his prominent roles was as a god who ushered souls into the afterlife. He attended the weighing scale during the "Weighing of the Heart," in which it was determined whether a soul would be allowed to enter the realm of the dead. Despite being one of the most ancient and "one of the most frequently depicted and mentioned gods" in the Egyptian pantheon, however, Anubis played almost no role in Egyptian myths. Anubis was depicted in black, a color that symbolized both rebirth and the discoloration of the corpse after embalming. Anubis is associated with Wepwawet (also called Upuaut), another Egyptian god portrayed with a dog's head or in canine form, but with grey or white fur. Historians assume that the two figures were eventually combined. Anubis' female counterpart is Anput. His daughter is the serpent goddess Kebechet.

Answer 950

(prō-lĭks′, prō′lĭks′) adj. 1. Tediously prolonged; wordy: editing a prolix manuscript. 2. Tending to speak or write at excessive length. See Synonyms at wordy. [Middle English, from Old French prolixe, from Latin prōlixus, poured forth, extended.] pro·lix′i·ty (-lĭk′sĭ-tē) n. pro·lix′ly adv.

Answer 951

adj. 1. Of, relating to, or resembling a ruminant mammal of the bovid subfamily Bovinae, such as a cow, ox, or buffalo, especially one in the genus Bos. 2. Sluggish, dull, and stolid. n. An animal of the subfamily Bovinae, especially one of the genus Bos.

Answer 952

(tĕ-rēn′, tĕr′ēn′) adj. Of or relating to the earth; earthly. [Middle English, from Latin terrēnus, from terra, earth; see ters- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 953

n. 1. Symbol P A highly reactive, poisonous, nonmetallic element occurring naturally in phosphates, especially apatite, and existing in three allotropic forms, white (or sometimes yellow), red, and black (or violet). An essential element for biological cells, it is used in safety matches, pyrotechnics, incendiary shells, and fertilizers and to protect metal surfaces from corrosion. Atomic number 15; atomic weight 30.9738; melting point (white) 44.15°C; boiling point 280.5°C; specific gravity (white) 1.82, (red) 2.16, (black) 2.25 to 2.69; valence 3, 4, 5. See Periodic Table. 2. A phosphorescent substance. 3. Phosphorus Astronomy See Lucifer. [Modern Latin phōsphorus, substance or organism that emits light, phosphorus, Latin Phōsphorus, morning star, from Greek phōsphoros, bringing light, morning star : phōs, light; see bhā- in Indo-European roots + -phoros, -phorous.]

Answer 954

n. (used with a sing. verb) The theory and study of signs and symbols, especially as elements of language or other systems of communication, and comprising semantics, syntactics, and pragmatics. se′mi·o·ti′cian (-ə-tĭsh′ən) n. semiotic: (sē′mē-ŏt′ĭk, sĕm′ē-, sē′mī-) also se·mi·ot·i·cal (-ĭ-kəl) or se·mei·ot·ic (sē′mē-, sĕm′ē-, sē′mī-) also se·mei·ot·i·cal (-ĭ-kəl) adj. 1. (Linguistics) relating to signs and symbols, esp spoken or written signs 2. (Linguistics) relating to semiotics 3. (Medicine) of, relating to, or resembling the symptoms of disease; symptomatic

Answer 955

A trademark for an apparatus that records and reproduces dictation for transcription.

Answer 956

(ăd′vĕn-tĭsh′əs, -vən-) adj. 1. Arising from an external cause or factor; not inherent: "These rodents ... appear suddenly in the Oligocene, as if by adventitious entrance independent of the rest of the fauna" (George Gaylord Simpson). 2. Biology Of or belonging to a structure that develops in an unusual place: adventitious roots. [From Latin adventīcius, foreign, from adventus, arrival; see advent.] ad′ven·ti′tious·ly adv. ad′ven·ti′tious·ness n.

Answer 957

v. furled, furl·ing, furls v.tr. To roll up and secure (a flag or sail, for example) to something else. v.intr. To be or become rolled up. n. 1. The act or an instance of rolling up. 2. A single roll or a rolled section. [Perhaps from French ferler, from Old French ferlier, to fasten : ferm, firm; see lier in Indo-European roots).]

Answer 958

or cro·zier (krō′zhər) A crosier (crozier, pastoral staff, paterissa, pósokh) is the stylized staff of office (pastoral staff) carried by high-ranking Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Anglican, and some Lutheran, United Methodist and Pentecostal prelates. The other typical insignia of most of these prelates, but not all, are the mitre, the pectoral cross, and the episcopal ring.

Answer 959

1. A dunghill or refuse heap. 2. Archaeology A mound or deposit containing shells, animal bones, and other refuse that indicates the site of a human settlement. Also called kitchen midden.

Answer 960

tr.v. stul·ti·fied, stul·ti·fy·ing, stul·ti·fies 1. To cause to lose interest or feel dull and not alert: The audience was stultified by the speaker's unchanging monotone. 2. To render useless or ineffectual: "[She believed] that the requirements of conventional academic life can stultify imagination, stifle enthusiasm and deaden prose style" (Robert K. Massie). 3. To cause to appear stupid, inconsistent, or ridiculous: "Should he now stultify himself in all those quarrels by admitting he had been cruel, unjust, and needlessly jealous?" (Anthony Trollope). 4. Law To claim incapacity as setting aside or preventing enforcement of (a deed or contract). [Late Latin stultificāre, to make foolish : Latin stultus, foolish; see stel- in Indo-European roots + Latin -ficāre, -fy.] stul′ti·fi·ca′tion (-fĭ-kā′shən) n. stul′ti·fi′er n.

Answer 961

(prī-môr′dē-əl) adj. 1. Being or happening first in sequence of time; original. 2. Primary or fundamental: play a primordial role. 3. Biology Belonging to or characteristic of the earliest stage of development of an organism or a part: primordial cells. n. A basic principle. [Middle English, from Late Latin prīmōrdiālis, from Latin prīmōrdium, origin : prīmus, first; see per in Indo-European roots + ōrdīrī, to begin to weave; see ar- in Indo-European roots.] pri·mor′di·al·ly adv.

Answer 962

William Butler Yeats (1865 – 1939) was an Irish poet and one of the foremost figures of 20th century literature. A pillar of both the Irish and British literary establishments, in his later years he served as an Irish Senator for two terms. Yeats was a driving force behind the Irish Literary Revival and, along with Lady Gregory, Edward Martyn, and others, founded the Abbey Theatre, where he served as its chief during its early years. In 1923, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature as the first Irishman so honoured for what the Nobel Committee described as "inspired poetry, which in a highly artistic form gives expression to the spirit of a whole nation." Works include The Tower (1928) and The Winding Stair and Other Poems (1929). Yeats was a very good friend of American expatriate poet and Bollingen Prize laureate Ezra Pound. He studied poetry in his youth and from an early age was fascinated by both Irish legends and the occult. Those topics feature in the first phase of his work, which lasted roughly until the turn of the 20th century. From 1900, Yeats's poetry grew more physical and realistic. He largely renounced the transcendental beliefs of his youth, though he remained preoccupied with physical and spiritual masks, as well as with cyclical theories of life.

Answer 963

(răp′ĭn) n. Forcible seizure of another's property; plunder. [Middle English, from Old French, from Latin rapīna, from rapere, to seize; see rep- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 964

(bârn) n. Scots A child. [Middle English barn, from Old English bearn; see bher- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 965

(ĕp′ə-thĕt′) n. 1. a. A term used to characterize a person or thing, such as rosy-fingered in rosy-fingered dawn or the Great in Catherine the Great. b. A term used as a descriptive substitute for the name or title of a person, such as The Great Emancipator for Abraham Lincoln. 2. A disparaging or abusive word or phrase. 3. Biology A word in the scientific name of an organism following the name of the genus and denoting a species, subspecies, variety, or cultivar, as sativa in Lactuca sativa.

Answer 966

adj. 1. Medicine Tending to draw together or constrict tissues; styptic. 2. Sharp and penetrating; pungent or severe: astringent remarks. n. A substance or preparation, such as alum, that draws together or constricts body tissues and is effective in stopping the flow of blood or other secretions.

Answer 967

(so͞o′sə-rā′shən) also su·sur·rus (so͝o-sûr′əs, -sŭr′-) n. A soft, whispering or rustling sound; a murmur. [Middle English susurracioun, from Late Latin susurrātiō, susurrātiōn-, from Latin susurrātus, past participle of susurrāre, to whisper, from susurrus, whisper, ultimately of imitative origin.] su·sur′rant (so͝o-sûr′ənt, -sŭr′-), su·sur′rous (-sûr′əs, -sŭr′-) adj.

Answer 968

A dactyl is a foot in poetic meter. In quantitative verse, often used in Greek or Latin, a dactyl is a long syllable followed by two short syllables, as determined by syllable weight. In accentual verse, often used in English, it is a stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllables—the opposite is the anapaest (two unstressed followed by a stressed syllable). **This** is the / **for**est prim- / **e**val. The / **mur**muring / **pines** and the / **hem** locks, * *Just** for a **hand**ful of **sil**ver he **left** us * *Just** for a **rib**and to **stick** in his **coat**

Answer 969

n. Mythology The ancient Egyptian god of the sky, son of Osiris and Isis, represented as having the head of a falcon. Horus is one of the oldest and most significant deities in ancient Egyptian religion, who was worshipped from at least the late Predynastic period through to Greco-Roman times. Different forms of Horus are recorded in history and these are treated as distinct gods by Egypt specialists. These various forms may possibly be different perceptions of the same multi-layered deity in which certain attributes or syncretic relationships are emphasized, not necessarily in opposition but complementary to one another, consistent with how the Ancient Egyptians viewed the multiple facets of reality. He was most often depicted as a falcon, most likely a lanner or peregrine, or as a man with a falcon head. Horus served many functions in the Egyptian pantheon, most notably being a god of the sun, war and protection.

Answer 970

n. pl. plec·trums or plec·tra (-trə) A small thin piece of metal, plastic, bone, or similar material, used to pluck the strings of certain instruments, such as the guitar or lute.

Answer 971

(ăn′tē-bĕl′əm) adj. Belonging to the period before a war, especially the American Civil War. [From Latin ante bellum, before the war : ante, before; see ante- + bellum, war.]

Answer 972

(sĭb′əl) n. 1. (Classical Myth & Legend) (in ancient Greece and Rome) any of a number of women believed to be oracles or prophetesses, one of the most famous being the sibyl of Cumae, who guided Aeneas through the underworld 2. (Alternative Belief Systems) a witch, fortune-teller, or sorceress

Answer 973

(spyo͞om) n. Foam or froth on a liquid, as on the sea. intr.v. spumed, spum·ing, spumes To froth or foam. [Middle English, from Old French espume, from Latin spūma.] spu′mous, spum′y adj.

Answer 974

(täl′mo͝od, tăl′məd) n. Judaism The collection of ancient Rabbinic writings consisting of the Mishnah and the Gemara, constituting the basis of religious authority in Orthodox Judaism. [Mishnaic Hebrew talmûd, learning, instruction, from Hebrew lāmad, to learn; see lmd in Semitic roots.] Tal·mu′dic (täl-mo͞o′dĭk, -myo͞o′-, tăl-), Tal·mu′di·cal (-dĭ-kəl) adj. Tal′mud·ist (täl′mo͝o-dĭst, tăl′mə-) n.

Answer 975

n. pl. gul·lies A deep ditch or channel cut in the earth by running water after a prolonged downpour. v. gul·lied, gul·ly·ing, gul·lies v.tr. To wear a deep ditch or channel in. v.intr. To form a deep ditch or channel. [Perhaps alteration of Middle English golet, throat, channel; see gullet.] n. pl. gul·lies Chiefly British A large knife. [Short for dialectal gully knife : gully (probably alteration of Middle English golet, throat; see gullet) + knife.]

Answer 976

(hô′zər) n. A cable or rope used in mooring or towing a ship. [Middle English, from Anglo-Norman haucer, from Old French haucier, to hoist, from Vulgar Latin \*altiāre, alteration of Late Latin altāre, from Latin altus, high; see al- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 977

n. 1. A composite organism made up of a fungus, usually an ascomycete, that grows symbiotically with an alga or a cyanobacterium and characteristically forms a crustlike or branching growth on rocks or tree trunks. 2. Medicine Any of various skin diseases characterized by patchy eruptions of small, firm papules. tr.v. li·chened, li·chen·ing, li·chens To cover with lichens. [Latin līchēn, a kind of plant, from Greek leikhēn, from leikhein, to lick; see leigh- in Indo-European roots.] li′chen·ous adj.

Answer 978

(lĭm′pĭt) n. 1. Any of numerous marine gastropod mollusks that have a conical shell and often adhere to rocks in intertidal areas, especially those of the order Patellogastropoda. 2. One that clings persistently. 3. A type of explosive designed to cling to the hull of a ship and detonate on contact or signal.

Answer 979

(stär′bərd) n. The right-hand side of a ship or aircraft as one faces forward. adj. On the right-hand side as one faces forward. adv. To or toward the right-hand side as one faces forward. [Middle English sterbord, from Old English stēorbord : stēor-, a steering; see stā- in Indo-European roots + bord, side of a ship.] port / larboard: n. The left-hand side of a ship or aircraft facing forward. Also called larboard.

Answer 980

adjective 1. of or like leather. ## Footnote Christie showcased a capacious personality and a coriaceous hide … but presented mainly platitudes and no clear agenda.

Answer 981

n. Nautical Any of various lateen-rigged sailing vessels with one or two masts, used especially along the eastern coast of Africa.

Answer 982

\NOM-uh-nl-ahyz\ verb 1. to convert (another part of speech) into a noun, as in changing the adjective lowly into the lowly or the verb legalize into legalization. 2. to convert (an underlying clause) into a noun phrase, as in changing he drinks to his drinking in I am worried about his drinking. Quotes There are two types of nominalization. Type A involves a morphological change, namely suffixation: the verb “to investigate” produces the noun “investigation,” and “to nominalize” yields “nominalization.” -- Henry Hitchings, "Those Irritating Verbs-as-Nouns," New York Times, March 30, 2013 Origin Nominalize is formed from the adjective nominal meaning "of, relating to, or producing a noun or nouns" and the verb-forming suffix -ize. It entered English in the mid-1600s.

Answer 983

Pythagoras of Samos (c. 570 – c. 495 BC) was an Ionian Greek philosopher, mathematician, and founder of the religious movement called Pythagoreanism. Most of the information about Pythagoras was written down centuries after he lived, so very little reliable information is known about him. Around 530 BC, he moved to Croton, in Magna Graecia, and there set up a religious sect. His followers pursued the religious rites and practices developed by Pythagoras and studied his philosophical theories. The society took an active role in the politics of Croton but this eventually led to their downfall. Pythagorean meeting-places were burned and Pythagoras was forced to flee the city. He is said to have died in Metapontum.

Answer 984

n. A woman whose husband is unfaithful to her.

Answer 985

(kə-lō′kwē-əm) n. pl. col·lo·qui·ums or col·lo·qui·a (-kwē-ə) 1. An informal meeting for the exchange of views. 2. An academic seminar on a broad field of study, usually led by a different lecturer at each meeting. [Latin, conversation, from colloquī, to talk together : com-, com- + loquī, to speak; see tolkw- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 986

n. Abbr. R. 1. A cleric in charge of a parish in the Episcopal Church. 2. An Anglican parish priest in a parish where historically the priest was entitled to the tithes. 3. A Roman Catholic priest appointed to be managerial as well as spiritual head of a church or other institution, such as a seminary or university. 4. The principal of certain schools, colleges, and universities. [Middle English, from Old French, from Latin rēctor, director, from , rēctus past participle of regere, to rule; see reg- in Indo-European roots.] rec′tor·ate (-ĭt) n. rec·to′ri·al (rĕk-tôr′ē-əl) adj.

Answer 987

(ə-blo͞o′shən, ă-blo͞o′-) n. 1. A washing or cleansing of the body, especially as part of a religious rite. 2. The liquid so used. [Middle English ablucioun, from Latin ablūtiō, ablūtiōn-, from ablūtus, past participle of abluere, to wash away : ab-, away; see -luere in Indo-European roots.] ab·lu′tion·ar′y (-shə-nĕr′ē) adj.

Answer 988

(pôr′tĕnt′) n. 1. An indication of something important or calamitous about to occur; an omen. 2. Prophetic or threatening significance: signs full of portent. 3. Archaic Something amazing or marvelous; a prodigy. [Latin portentum, from neuter past participle of portendere, to portend; see portend.]

Answer 989

n 1. (Textiles) a. a design of straight lines, crossing at right angles to give a chequered appearance, esp the distinctive design or designs associated with each Scottish clan: the Buchanan tartan. b. (as modifier): a tartan kilt. 2. (Textiles) a woollen fabric or garment with this design 3. (Clothing & Fashion) the tartan Highland dress tartaned adj n 1. (Nautical Terms) a single-masted vessel used in the Mediterranean, usually with a lateen sail

Answer 990

(shə-mēz′) n. 1. A woman's loose, shirtlike undergarment. 2. A loosely fitting dress that hangs straight; a shift. [Middle English, from Old French, shirt, from Late Latin camisia, probably ultimately (perhaps via Gaulish) of Germanic origin; akin to German Hemd, shirt.]

Answer 991

adj. Resolutely courageous; fearless. See Synonyms at brave. [Latin intrepidus : in-, not; see in-1 + trepidus, alarmed.] in′tre·pid′i·ty (-trə-pĭd′ĭ-tē), in·trep′id·ness n. in·trep′id·ly adv.

Answer 992

v. ram·i·fied, ram·i·fy·ing, ram·i·fies v.intr. 1. To have complicating consequences or outgrowths: The problem merely ramified after the unsuccessful meeting. 2. To send out branches or subordinate branchlike parts. v.tr. To divide into or cause to extend in branches or subordinate branchlike parts. [Middle English ramifien, to branch out, from Old French ramifier, from Medieval Latin rāmificāre : Latin rāmus, branch; see wrād- in Indo-European roots + Latin -ficāre, -fy.]

Answer 993

(ˈgreɪ vən) v. 1. a pp. of grave. adj. 2. deeply impressed; firmly fixed. 3. carved; sculptured: a graven idol.

Answer 994

(rō′də-dĕn′drən) n. Any of numerous usually evergreen shrubs of the genus Rhododendron of the heath family, having clusters of variously colored, often bell-shaped flowers and widely grown as ornamentals.

Answer 995

(lăs′ĭ-to͞od′, -tyo͞od′) n. A state or feeling of weariness, diminished energy, or listlessness. See Synonyms at lethargy.

Answer 996

(sə-rông′, -rŏng′) n. 1. A garment consisting of a length of cloth that is wrapped around the body and tied at the waist or below the armpits, worn by men and women in Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Pacific islands. 2. A length of cloth that is wrapped around the waist and tied, worn by women as a skirt. [Malay (kain) sarong, covering (cloth), sarong.]

Answer 997

n, pl -bos 1. (Dancing) a modern Latin American dance, resembling the rumba, derived from the ritual dance of voodoo 2. (Other Non-Christian Religions) a voodoo priestess vb, -bos, -boing or -boed 3. (Dancing) (intr) to perform this dance [American Spanish, probably from Haitian Creole: voodoo priestess]

Answer 998

(sĭb′ə-lənt) adj. Of, characterized by, or producing a hissing sound like that of (s) or (sh): the sibilant consonants; a sibilant bird call. n. A sibilant speech sound, such as English (s), (sh), (z), or (zh). [Latin sībilāns, sībilant-, present participle of sībilāre, to hiss.] sib′i·lance, sib′i·lan·cy n. sib′i·lant·ly adv.

Answer 999

(pyo͞o-trĕs′əns) n. 1. A putrescent character or condition. 2. Putrid matter.

Answer 1000

n. An organic compound, C10H12N2O, formed from tryptophan and found in animal and human tissue, especially the brain, blood serum, and gastric mucous membranes, and active as a neurotransmitter and in vasoconstriction, stimulation of the smooth muscles, and regulation of cyclic body processes.

Answer 1001

(nā′kər) n. mother-of-pearl. a hard, iridescent substance that forms the inner layer of certain mollusk shells, used for making buttons, beads, etc. na′cred (-kərd), na′cre·ous (-krē-əs) adj.

Answer 1002

(jûr′mə-nəl) adj. 1. Of, relating to, or having the nature of a germ cell. 2. Of, relating to, or occurring in the earliest stage of development: was active in the germinal stages of the space program. [French, from Latin germen, germin-, sprout, bud; see genə- in Indo-European roots.] ger′mi·nal·ly adv.

Answer 1003

n. A poisonous Eurasian plant (Hyoscyamus niger) in the nightshade family, having a strong odor, sticky leaves, and funnel-shaped greenish-yellow flowers. It is a source of hyoscyamine.

Answer 1004

(kwō-tĭd′ē-ən) adj. 1. Everyday; commonplace: "There's nothing quite like a real ... train conductor to add color to a quotidian commute" (Anita Diamant). 2. Recurring daily. Used especially of attacks of malaria.

Answer 1005

1. (Cookery) Brit a baked stew or casserole made with meat or fish and covered with a layer of potatoes 2. Austral a heavily backed horse

Answer 1006

(kăt′ə-mīt′) n. A boy who has a sexual relationship with a man. [Latin catamītus, from Catamītus, Ganymede, from Etruscan Catmite, from Greek Ganumēdēs.]

Answer 1007

(wān′skət, -skŏt′, -skōt′) n. 1. A facing or paneling, usually of wood, applied to the walls of a room. 2. The lower part of an interior wall when finished in a material different from that of the upper part. tr.v. wain·scot·ed, wain·scot·ing, wain·scots or wain·scot·ted or wain·scot·ting To line or panel (a room or wall) with wainscoting. [Middle English, from Middle Dutch waghenscot : perhaps waghen, wagen, wagon (from the quality of wood used for carriagework); see scot in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1008

(blə-mänj′, -mäNzh′) n. A flavored and sweetened milk pudding thickened with cornstarch. [Middle English blankmanger, a dish made with almond milk, from Old French blanc mangier : blanc, white (of Germanic origin; see bhel- in Indo-European roots) + mangier, to eat, food (from Latin manducāre; see manger).]

Answer 1009

(mĭk′chə-rāt′, mĭk′tə-) intr.v. mic·tu·rat·ed, mic·tu·rat·ing, mic·tu·rates To urinate. mic′tu·ri′tion (-rĭsh′ən) n.

Answer 1010

v. re·crim·i·nat·ed, re·crim·i·nat·ing, re·crim·i·nates v.tr. To accuse in return. v.intr. To counter one accusation with another. [Medieval Latin recrīminārī, recrīmināt- : Latin re-, re- + Latin crīmināre, to accuse (from crīmen, crīmin-, accusation, crime; see krei- in Indo-European roots).] re·crim′i·na′tive, re·crim′i·na·to′ry (-nə-tôr′ē) adj. re·crim′i·na′tor n.

Answer 1011

adj. 1. Made of or resembling adamant. 2. Having the hardness or luster of a diamond. 3. Unyielding; inflexible: "If there is one dominant trait that emerges from this account, it is adamantine willpower" (Eugene Linden).

Answer 1012

n. Nautical A single continuous line of planking or metal plating extending on a vessel's hull from stem to stern. [Middle English, probably from Old English \*straca.]

Answer 1013

(to͞o′myə-ləs, tyo͞o′-) n. pl. tu·mu·li (-lī′) An ancient grave mound; a barrow. [Latin; see teuə- in Indo-European roo

Answer 1014

1. (of an animal) to dig into the ground, with the snout

Answer 1015

(ə-bēm′) adv. At right angles to the keel of a ship. prep. Alongside or at right angles to: The ship drew abeam the cove.

Answer 1016

n. 1. A person of refined upbringing, manners, and tastes. 2. A member of an aristocracy; an aristocrat. 3. A member of one of the noble families of the ancient Roman Republic, which before the third century bc had exclusive rights to the Senate and the magistracies. 4. Used as a title for members of a class of honorary nobility appointed by the Byzantine emperors. 5. A member of the hereditary ruling class in the medieval free cities of Italy and Germany. [Middle English patricion, from Old French patricien, from Latin patricius, from patrēs (cōnscrīptī), enrolled fathers, senators, pl. of pater, patr-, father; see pəter- in Indo-European roots.] pa·tri′cian adj.

Answer 1017

n. 1. a. A loose-fitting garment, sleeved or sleeveless, extending to the knees and worn by men and women especially in ancient Greece and Rome. b. A medieval surcoat. 2. A long, plain, close-fitting jacket, usually having a stiff high collar and worn as part of a uniform. 3. A loose-fitting women's garment that falls to the hip or thigh and is often worn over leggings or pants. 4. Anatomy A coat or layer enveloping an organ or part. 5. Botany A loose membranous outer covering of a bulb or corm, as of an onion, tulip, or crocus. 6. See tunicle. [Middle English tunik, from Old French tunique, from Latin tunica, of Phoenician origin; akin to Hebrew kuttōnet, kətōnet, from Central Semitic \*kuttān, \*kittān; see chiton.]

Answer 1018

(hôr′frôst′, -frŏst′) n. A white coating of ice crystals formed by sublimation of atmospheric water vapor on a surface. Also called white frost.

Answer 1019

(ĭm-brōl′yō) n. pl. im·bro·glios 1. a. A difficult or intricate situation; an entanglement. b. A confused or complicated disagreement. 2. Archaic A confused heap; a tangle.

Answer 1020

Zeno of Elea (c. 490 – c. 430 BC) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher of Magna Graecia and a member of the Eleatic School founded by Parmenides. Aristotle called him the inventor of the dialectic. He is best known for his paradoxes, which Bertrand Russell has described as "immeasurably subtle and profound".

Answer 1021

(prĭ-sĭp′ĭ-təs) adj. 1. Resembling a precipice; extremely steep. See Synonyms at steep. 2. Having several precipices: a precipitous bluff. 3. Extremely rapid, hasty, or abrupt; precipitate: a precipitous collapse in prices. See Usage Note at precipitate. [Probably from obsolete precipitious, from Latin praecipitium, precipice; see precipice.] pre·cip′i·tous·ly adv. pre·cip′i·tous·ness n.

Answer 1022

Neoplatonism (or Neo-Platonism) is a modern term used to designate a tradition of philosophy that arose in the 3rd century AD and persisted until shortly after the closing of the Platonic Academy in Athens in AD 529 by Justinian I. Neoplatonists were heavily influenced both by Plato and by the Platonic tradition that thrived during the six centuries which separated the first of the Neoplatonists from Plato. Collectively, the Neoplatonists constituted a continuous tradition of philosophers which began with Plotinus. In defining the term, it is difficult to reduce Neoplatonism to a concise set of ideas that all Neoplatonic philosophers shared in common. There are two reasons why. First, Neoplatonic philosophy is expansive in its scope. The work of Neoplatonic philosophy involved providing a systematic description of the derivation of the whole of reality from a single principle, "the One". Secondly, while the Neoplatonists generally shared some basic assumptions about the nature of reality, there were also considerable differences in their views and approaches. The variations of these views between thinkers within the school of thought thus make it difficult to summarize its philosophical content briefly. Thus, the most concise definition of Neoplatonism casts it as a historical term. It refers to the tradition itself: to the work of Plotinus, and to the thinkers who developed, responded to and criticized his ideas. There are multiple ways to categorize the differences between the Neoplatonists according to their differing views, but one way counts three distinct phases in Neoplatonism after Plotinus: the work of his student Porphyry, that of Iamblichus and his school in Calchis, and the period in the fifth and sixth centuries, when the Academies in Alexandria and Athens flourished. Thinkers of this final period include Syrianus, Olympiodorus the Younger, Proclus and Damascius. Later Neoplatonists such as Iamblichus and Proclus embraced a certain kind of spiritual exercise, called theurgy, as a means of developing the soul through a process called henosis. Neoplatonism has been very influential throughout history. In the Middle Ages, Neoplatonic ideas were integrated into the philosophical and theological works of many of the most important mediaeval Islamic, Christian, and Jewish thinkers. In Muslim lands, Neoplatonic texts were available in Persian and Arabic translations, and notable thinkers such as al-Farabi, Avicenna and Moses Maimonides incorporated Neoplatonic elements into their own thinking. Although the revitalisation of Neoplatonism amongst Italian Renaissance thinkers such as Marsilio Ficino and Pico della Mirandola is perhaps more famous, Latin translations of Late Ancient Neoplatonic texts were first available in the Christian West much earlier, in the Middle Ages. Thomas Aquinas, for instance, had direct access to works by Proclus, Simplicius and Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite, and he knew about other Neoplatonists, such as Plotinus and Porphyry, through secondhand sources. The influence of Neoplatonism also extends into forms of culture beyond philosophy, and well into the modern era, for instance, in Renaissance Aesthetics, and in the work of modernist poets such as W. B. Yeats and T.S. Eliot, to name only several examples.

Answer 1023

n. pl. nim·bi (-bī′) or nim·bus·es 1. A cloudy radiance said to surround a classical deity when on earth. 2. A radiant light that appears usually in the form of a circle or halo about or over the head in the representation of a god, demigod, saint, or sacred person such as a king or an emperor. 3. A splendid atmosphere or aura, as of glamour, that surrounds a person or thing. 4. A rain cloud, especially a low dark layer of clouds such as a nimbostratus. [Latin, cloud; see nebh- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1024

tr.v. in·ter·dict·ed, in·ter·dict·ing, in·ter·dicts 1. To prohibit (an action or thing) or forbid (someone) to do something, especially by legal or ecclesiastical order. 2. a. To cut or destroy (a line of communication) by firepower so as to halt an enemy's advance. b. To confront and halt the activities, advance, or entry of: "the role of the FBI in interdicting spies attempting to pass US secrets to the Soviet Union" (Christian Science Monitor). n. (ĭn′tər-dĭkt′) 1. An authoritative prohibition, especially by court order. 2. Roman Catholic Church An ecclesiastical censure that bars an individual, members of a given group, or inhabitants of a given district from participation in most sacraments. [Alteration of Middle English enterditen, to place under a church ban, from Old French entredit, past participle of entredire, to forbid, from Latin interdīcere, interdict- : inter-, inter- + dīcere, to say; see deik- in Indo-European roots.] in′ter·dic′tion n. in′ter·dic′tive, in′ter·dic′to·ry (-dĭk′tə-rē) adj. in′ter·dic′tive·ly adv. in′ter·dic′tor n.

Answer 1025

n. 1. A military post, especially one that is permanently established. 2. The troops stationed at a military post. tr. v. gar·ri·soned, gar·ri·son·ing, gar·ri·sons 1. To assign (troops) to a military post. 2. To supply (a post) with troops. 3. To occupy as or convert into a military post.

Answer 1026

The Peloponnesian War (431–404 BC) was an ancient Greek war fought by Athens and its empire against the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta. Historians have traditionally divided the war into three phases. In the first phase, the Archidamian War, Sparta launched repeated invasions of Attica, while Athens took advantage of its naval supremacy to raid the coast of the Peloponnese attempting to suppress signs of unrest in its empire. This period of the war was concluded in 421 BC, with the signing of the Peace of Nicias. That treaty, however, was soon undermined by renewed fighting in the Peloponnese. In 415 BC, Athens dispatched a massive expeditionary force to attack Syracuse in Sicily; the attack failed disastrously, with the destruction of the entire force, in 413 BC. This ushered in the final phase of the war, generally referred to either as the Decelean War, or the Ionian War. In this phase, Sparta, now receiving support from Persia, supported rebellions in Athens' subject states in the Aegean Sea and Ionia, undermining Athens' empire, and, eventually, depriving the city of naval supremacy. The destruction of Athens' fleet at Aegospotami effectively ended the war, and Athens surrendered in the following year. Corinth and Thebes demanded that Athens should be destroyed and all its citizens should be enslaved but Sparta refused. The Peloponnesian War reshaped the ancient Greek world. On the level of international relations, Athens, the strongest city-state in Greece prior to the war's beginning, was reduced to a state of near-complete subjection, while Sparta became established as the leading power of Greece. The economic costs of the war were felt all across Greece; poverty became widespread in the Peloponnese, while Athens found itself completely devastated, and never regained its pre-war prosperity. The war also wrought subtler changes to Greek society; the conflict between democratic Athens and oligarchic Sparta, each of which supported friendly political factions within other states, made civil war a common occurrence in the Greek world. Greek warfare, meanwhile, originally a limited and formalized form of conflict, was transformed into an all-out struggle between city-states, complete with atrocities on a large scale. Shattering religious and cultural taboos, devastating vast swathes of countryside, and destroying whole cities, the Peloponnesian War marked the dramatic end to the fifth century BC and the golden age of Greece.

Answer 1027

n. 1. a. The sharpened point of a quill pen. b. A tapered point of a pen, designed to be inserted into a penholder or fountain pen. 2. A sharp point or tip. 3. A bird's beak or bill.

Answer 1028

(ôr′jər) n. 1. Excrement; dung. 2. Something morally offensive; filth. [Middle English, from Old French, from ord, filthy, from Latin horridus, frightful, from horrēre, to shudder.]

Answer 1029

(frăt′rĭ-sīd′) n. 1. a. The killing of one's brother or sister. b. One who has killed one's brother or sister. 2. The accidental killing of an ally caused by a discharge of a military weapon. [Middle English, from Old French, from Latin frātricīdium and frātricīda : frāter, frātr-, brother; see bhrāter- in Indo-European roots + -cīdium and -cīda, -cide.] frat′ri·cid′al (-sīd′l) adj.

Answer 1030

(kyo͝or′ĭt) n. 1. A cleric, especially one who has charge of a parish. 2. A cleric who assists a rector or vicar.

Answer 1031

n 1. (Classical Myth & Legend) a follower of Bacchus 2. a drunken and riotous celebration 3. a participant in such a celebration; reveller adj 4. (Classical Myth & Legend) of or relating to Bacchus

Answer 1032

tr.v. de·lin·e·at·ed, de·lin·e·at·ing, de·lin·e·ates 1. a. To draw or depict: "In black and white wash, he delineated the gnarled roots of a tree" (Sally Holmes Holtze). b. To describe or characterize in words: "the specter of the bored and isolated housewife, which Friedan delineated so brilliantly" (Mary V.Dearborn). 2. a. To mark, form, or show the outline or border of: The police delineated the crime scene with yellow tape. A hedge delineates one plot of landfrom the other. b. To establish the position of (a border): The treaty delineates the border between Spanish and American territory. c. To show or contain a distinguishing characteristic of; distinguish: "The first game ... delineated the differences between the two teams" (Stuart Miller).

Answer 1033

Neurogenesis (birth of neurons) is the process by which neurons are generated from the neural stem cells and progenitor cells. Neurogenesis is most active during pre-natal development, and is responsible for populating the growing brain with neurons. Neurogenesis has been shown to occur in a number of brain structures, such as the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, the nucleus accumbens, and in two parts of the brains of adult mammals: the hippocampus and the subventricular zone. Studies have indicated that the hormone testosterone in vertebrates, and the prohormone ecdysone in insects, have an influence on the rate of neurogenesis.

Answer 1034

(drŏs, drôs) n. 1. Waste or impure matter: discarded the dross after recycling the wood pulp. 2. The scum that forms on the surface of molten metal as a result of oxidation. 3. Worthless, commonplace, or trivial matter: "He was wide-awake and his mind worked clearly, purged of all dross" (Vladimir Nabokov).

Answer 1035

1. (Clothing & Fashion) a bracelet, usually without a clasp, often worn high up round the arm or sometimes round the ankle 2. (Jewellery) a disc or charm hanging from a bracelet, necklace, etc

Answer 1036

(mär′mīt, mär-mēt′) n. 1. A large covered earthenware or metal cooking pot. 2. A small, covered earthenware casserole.

Answer 1037

The Hebrew noun chokma, also sometimes transliterated hokhmah, is the Hebrew word for "wisdom". The word occurs 149 times in the Masoretic text of the Hebrew Bible. The Talmud (Shabbat 31a) describes knowledge of the Talmudic order of Kodshim as a high level of wisdom, chokhmah. It is cognate with the Arabic word for wisdom hikmah. In the Kabbalah, Wisdom, chokhmah is the name of one of the sefirot.

Answer 1038

n. 1. a. A watch kept during normal sleeping hours. b. The act or a period of observing; surveillance. 2. The eve of a religious festival observed by staying awake as a devotional exercise. 3. often vigils Ritual devotions observed on the eve of a holy day. [Middle English vigile, a devotional watching, from Old French, from Latin vigilia, wakefulness, watch, from vigil, awake; see weg- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1039

(prəˈpɪʃəs) adj 1. favourable; auguring well 2. gracious or favourably inclined [C15: from Latin propitius well disposed, from prope close to] proˈpitiously adv proˈpitiousness n

Answer 1040

(prŏt′ə-sĭs) n. pl. prot·a·ses (-sēz′) 1. Grammar The dependent clause of a conditional sentence, as *if it rains* in *The game will be canceled if it rains*. 2. The first part of an ancient Greek or Roman drama, in which the characters and subject are introduced. [Late Latin, proposition, first part of a play, from Greek, premise of a syllogism, conditional clause, from proteinein, prota-, to propose : pro-, forward; see teinein in Indo-European roots.] pro·tat′ic (prŏ-tăt′ĭk, prō-) adj.

Answer 1041

(pīr′hē-lē-ŏm′ĭ-tər, pĭr′-) n. Any of various devices that measure the intensity of solar radiation received at the earth.

Answer 1042

(lə-tēn′, lă-) Nautical adj. Being, relating to, or rigged with a triangular sail hung on a long yard that is attached at an angle to the top of a short mast. n. 1. A lateen-rigged boat. 2. A lateen sail. [French (voile) latine, lateen (sail), feminine of latin, Latin (from its use in the Mediterranean), from Old French; see Latin.]

Answer 1043

Characterized by, acting with, or suggesting stealth or a desire to avoid discovery; surreptitious: "J.W. from time to time gave her a furtive squeeze ofthe hand, but they never got to go out alone any more" (John Dos Passos). See Synonyms at secret.

Answer 1044

n. Any of various passerine birds of the family Sturnidae, native to the Eastern Hemisphere and characteristically having a short tail, pointed wings, and dark, often iridescent plumage, especially Sturnus vulgaris, widely naturalized worldwide.

Answer 1045

adj. Impossible to overcome; insurmountable: insuperable odds. [Middle English, from Old French, from Latin īnsuperābilis : in-, not; see in-1 + superābilis, superable; see superable.] in·su′per·a·bil′i·ty n. in·su′per·a·bly adv.

Answer 1046

(grăn-dĭl′ə-kwəns) n. Pompous or bombastic speech or expression.

Answer 1047

also bar·quen·tine (bär′kən-tēn′) n. A sailing ship with from three to five masts of which only the foremast is square-rigged, the others being fore-and-aft rigged. [Probably bark + (brig)antine.]

Answer 1048

(găn′ĭt) n. Any of several large seabirds of the genus Morus, especially M. bassanus of the North Atlantic, having a pointed bill and tail, long wings, and whiteplumage with black wingtips. Also called solan.

Answer 1049

1. To act or be in violation of (a law, directive, or principle, for example); violate: a sailor who contravened a direct order; a regulation thatcontravened the new tax policy. 2. To be inconsistent with; be contrary to: "Such a marriage ... contravenes much of what we know about marriages in this period" (Carol Meyers).

Answer 1050

cor·a·cle (kôr′ə-kəl, kŏr′-) n. A small rounded boat made of waterproof material stretched over a wicker or wooden frame. [Welsh corwgl, from corwg, from Middle Welsh corwc; akin to Old Irish curach, currach.]

Answer 1051

(hûr′kyə-lā′nē-əm) An ancient city of south-central Italy on the Bay of Naples. A popular resort during Roman times, it was completely destroyed by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius (ad 79). Important ruins have been unearthed since the early 1700s.

Answer 1052

(dĭ-mûr′) intr. v. de·murred, de·mur·ring, de·murs 1. To voice opposition; object: demurred at the suggestion. See Synonyms at object. 2. Law To enter a demurrer. 3. Archaic To delay. n. 1. The act of demurring. 2. An objection. [Middle English demuren, to delay, from Anglo-Norman demurer, from Latin dēmorārī : dē-, de- + morārī, to delay (from mora, delay).] de·mur′ra·ble adj.

Answer 1053

(pŭng′kə) n. A fan used especially in India, made of a palm frond or strip of cloth hung from the ceiling and moved by a servant. [Hindi paṅkhá, from Sanskrit pakṣakaḥ, fan, from pakṣaḥ, wing.]

Answer 1054

(frou) n. pl. Frau·en (frou′ən) Abbr. Fr. Used as a courtesy title in a German-speaking area before the surname or professional title of an adult woman. [German, from Middle High German vrowe, from Old High German frouwa; see per in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1055

n. 1. A heavy shoe of untanned leather, formerly worn in Scotland and Ireland. 2. A strong oxford shoe, usually with ornamental perforations or wingtips. [Irish and Scottish Gaelic bróg, from Old Irish bróc, shoe, possibly from Old Norse brōk, legging, or from Old English brōc; see breech.] n. A strong dialectal accent, especially a strong Irish or Scottish accent when speaking English.

Answer 1056

also leit·mo·tiv (līt′mō-tēf′) n. 1. A melodic passage or phrase, especially in Wagnerian opera, associated with a specific character, situation, or element. 2. A dominant and recurring theme, as in a novel. [German Leitmotiv : leiten, to lead (from Middle High German, from Old High German leitan; see leit- in Indo-European roots) + Motiv, motif (from French motif; see motif).]

Answer 1057

(pûr′blīnd′) adj. 1. Having poor vision; nearly or partly blind. 2. Slow in understanding or discernment; dull: "a purblind oligarchy that flatly refused to see that history was condemning it to the dustbin" (Jasper Griffin). 3. Obsolete Completely blind. [Middle English pur blind, totally blind, nearsighted : pur, pure; see pure + blind, blind; see blind.] pur′blind′ly adv. pur′blind′ness n.

Answer 1058

(môr′ə-bŭnd′, mŏr′-) adj. 1. Approaching death; about to die. 2. On the verge of becoming obsolete: moribund customs; a moribund way of life. [Latin moribundus, from morī, to die; see mer- in Indo-European roots.] mor′i·bun′di·ty (-bŭn′dĭ-tē) n. mor′i·bund′ly adv.

Answer 1059

Orphism (more rarely Orphicism) is the name given to a set of religious beliefs and practices originating in the ancient Greek and the Hellenistic world, as well as by the Thracians, associated with literature ascribed to the mythical poet Orpheus, who descended into Hades and returned. Orphics also revered Persephone (who annually descended into Hades for a season and then returned) and Dionysus or Bacchus (who also descended into Hades and returned). Orpheus was said to have invented the Mysteries of Dionysus. Poetry containing distinctly Orphic beliefs has been traced back to the 6th century BC or at least 5th century BC, and graffiti of the 5th century BC apparently refers to "Orphics". Classical sources, such as Plato, refer to "Orpheus-initiators" and associated rites, although how far "Orphic" literature in general related to these rites is not certain. As in the Eleusinian mysteries, initiation into Orphic mysteries promised advantages in the afterlife.

Answer 1060

(trăns-grĕs′, trănz-) v. trans·gressed, trans·gress·ing, trans·gress·es v. tr. 1. To go beyond or over (a limit or boundary); exceed or overstep: "to make sure that her characters didn't transgress the parameters of ordinariness" 2. To act in violation of (the law, for example). v. intr. 1. To commit an offense by violating a law, principle, or duty. 2. To spread over land, especially over the land along a subsiding shoreline. Used of the sea. [Middle English transgressen, from Old French transgresser, from Latin trānsgredī, trānsgress-, to step across : trāns-, trans- + gradī, to go; see ghredh- in Indo-European roots.] trans·gress′i·ble adj. trans·gres′sor n.

Answer 1061

(vĕr′ə-sĭ-mĭl′ĭ-to͞od′, -tyo͞od′) n. 1. The quality of appearing to be true or real. See Synonyms at truth. 2. Something that has the appearance of being true or real. [Latin vērīsimilitūdō, from vērīsimilis, verisimilar; see verisimilar.] ver′i·si·mil′i·tu′di·nous (-to͞od′n-əs, -tyo͞od′-) adj.

Answer 1062

(fĭg′yər-hĕd′) n. 1. A carved figure on the prow of a ship. 2. A person given a position of nominal leadership but having no actual authority.

Answer 1063

(ŏb′do͝o-rĭt, -dyo͝o-) adj. 1. Not changing in response to argument or other influence; obstinate or intractable: "Everyone in the region has been obdurate in water negotiations with everyone else" (Marq de Villiers). 2. a. Hardened in wrongdoing or wickedness; stubbornly impenitent: "obdurate conscience of the old sinner" (Sir Walter Scott). b. Hardened against feeling; hardhearted: an obdurate miser. [Middle English obdurat, from Late Latin obdūrātus, past participle of obdūrāre, to harden, from Latin, to be hard, endure : ob-, intensive pref.; see dūrus in Indo-European roots.] ob′du·rate·ly adv. ob′du·ra·cy (-do͝or-ə-sē, -dyo͝or-), ob′du·rate·ness n.

Answer 1064

(pĭ-tärd′) n. 1. A small bell-shaped bomb used to breach a gate or wall. 2. A loud firecracker. Idiom: be hoist with one's own petard To be undone by one's own schemes.

Answer 1065

tr. v. thwart·ed, thwart·ing, thwarts 1. To prevent the occurrence, realization, or attainment of: They thwarted her plans. 2. To oppose and defeat the efforts, plans, or ambitions of (someone). n. **A seat across a boat on which a rower may sit.** adj. 1. Extending, lying, or passing across; transverse. 2. Eager to oppose, especially wrongly; perverse. adv. & prep. Archaic Athwart; * *across.** [Middle English thwerten, from thwert, across, from Old Norse thvert, neuter of thverr, transverse; see terkw- in Indo-European roots.] thwart′er n. thwart′ly adv.

Answer 1066

(fĭn′ĭ-kəl) adj. Finicky. [Probably from fine.] fin′i·cal·ly adv. excessively particular or fastidious.

Answer 1067

n. pl. gan·tries 1. A mount for a crane consisting of a large archlike or bridgelike frame that can be moved, often along a set of tracks. 2. A similar spanning frame supporting a group of railway signals over several tracks. 3. A massive vertical frame structure used in assembling or servicing a rocket, especially at a launch site. 4. A support for a barrel lying on its side.

Answer 1068

(vûr′jər) n. 1. a. The lush greenness of flourishing vegetation. b. Vigorous greenery. 2. A fresh or flourishing condition: the verdure of childhood. [Middle English, from Old French, from verd, green, from Latin viridis.] ver′dur·ous adj. ver′dur·ous·ness n. "How fresh and pleasant, how full of verdure, was everything"—Poor Folk by Dostoyevsky "As we approached the little clump of verdure I saw"

Answer 1069

tr.v. ban·died, ban·dy·ing, ban·dies 1. a. To toss or throw back and forth. b. To hit (a ball, for example) back and forth. 2. a. To give and receive (words, for example); exchange: The old friends bandied compliments when they met. b. To discuss in a casual or frivolous manner: bandy an idea about. adj. Bowed or bent in an outward curve: bandy legs. n. pl. ban·dies Sports 1. A game resembling field hockey but played on ice by skaters. 2. A stick, bent at one end, used in playing this game.

Answer 1070

n. 1. A small crown worn by princes and princesses and by other nobles below the rank of sovereign. 2. A chaplet or headband decorated with gold or jewels. 3. The upper margin of a horse's hoof. [Middle English coronette, from Old French, diminutive of corone, crown, from Latin corōna; see crown.]

Answer 1071

Geoffrey Chaucer (1343 – 1400), known as the Father of English literature, is widely considered the greatest English poet of the Middle Ages and was the first poet to be buried in Poets' Corner of Westminster Abbey. While he achieved fame during his lifetime as an author, philosopher, alchemist and astronomer, composing a scientific treatise on the astrolabe for his ten-year-old son Lewis, Chaucer also maintained an active career in the civil service as a bureaucrat, courtier and diplomat. Among his many works, which include The Book of the Duchess, the House of Fame, the Legend of Good Women and Troilus and Criseyde, he is best known today for **The Canterbury Tales**. Chaucer was a crucial figure in developing the legitimacy of the vernacular, Middle English, at a time when the dominant literary languages in England were French and Latin.

Answer 1072

(lā′shē-əm, -shəm) 1. An ancient country of west-central Italy bordering on the Tyrrhenian Sea. It was dominated by Rome after the third century bc. Latium is the region of central western Italy in which the city of Rome was founded and grew to be the capital city of the Roman Empire. Latium was originally a small triangle of fertile, volcanic soil on which resided the tribe of the Latins. It was located on the left bank (east and south) of the Tiber river, extending northward to the Anio river (a left-bank tributary of the Tiber) and southeastward to the Pomptina Palus (Pontine Marshes, now the Pontine Fields) as far south as the Circeian promontory. The right bank of the Tiber was occupied by the Etruscan city of Veii, and the other borders were occupied by Italic tribes. Subsequently Rome defeated Veii and then its Italic neighbors, expanding Latium to the Apennine Mountains in the northeast and to the opposite end of the marsh in the southeast. The modern descendant, the Italian Regione of Lazio, also called Latium in Latin, and occasionally in modern English, is somewhat larger still, but not as much as double the original Latium.

Answer 1073

n. A turtle (Malaclemys terrapin) of salt marshes and estuaries of the eastern and southern United States, having edible flesh and a carapace with diamond-shaped ridged or knobbed markings.

Answer 1074

(tē′thĭs) n. 1. Greek Mythology A Titaness and sea goddess who was both sister and wife of Oceanus. 2. A satellite of Saturn. Tethys, daughter of Uranus and Gaia, was an archaic Titaness and aquatic sea goddess, invoked in classical Greek poetry, but not venerated in cult.

Answer 1075

tr.v. cir·cum·am·bu·lat·ed, cir·cum·am·bu·lat·ing, cir·cum·am·bu·lates To walk around (something), especially as part of a ritual: "Circumambulate the city of a dreamy Sabbath afternoon" (Herman Melville).

Answer 1076

(tə-mĕr′ĭ-tē) n. Excessive boldness or rashness; foolhardiness or recklessness. [Middle English temerite, from Old French, from Latin temeritās, from temere, rashly.]

Answer 1077

(mī-ăz′mə, mē-) n. pl. mi·as·mas or mi·as·ma·ta (-mə-tə) 1. A noxious atmosphere or influence: "The family affection, the family expectations, seemed to permeate the atmosphere ... like a coiling miasma" (Louis Auchincloss). 2. a. A poisonous atmosphere formerly thought to rise from swamps and putrid matter and cause disease. b. A thick vaporous atmosphere or emanation: wreathed in a miasma of cigarette smoke. [Greek, pollution, stain, from miainein, to pollute.] mi·as′mal, mi′as·mat′ic (mī′əz-măt′ĭk), mi·as′mic (-mĭk) adj.

Answer 1078

A point or head of land projecting into a body of water.

Answer 1079

also kib·bitz (kĭb′ĭts) intr. v. kib·itzed, kib·itz·ing, kib·itz·es also kib·bitzed or kib·bitz·ing or kib·bitz·es Informal 1. To chat; converse: "[They] are very reserved people and prefer not to kibitz with strangers" (Ann Marie Sabath). 2. To offer unwanted or meddlesome advice, such as that given by the spectator of a card game. [Yiddish kibitsen, from German kiebitzen, from Rotwelsch (German underground argot) kibitschen, to search (a prisoner), inspect, of unknown origin.] kib′itz·er n.

Answer 1080

adj. 1. Of, relating to, or occurring in the spring. 2. Characteristic of or resembling spring. 3. Fresh and young; youthful. [Latin vērnālis, from vērnus, from vēr, spring; see wesr̥ in Indo-European roots.] ver′nal·ly adv.

Answer 1081

adj. Not having or wearing shoes or a shoe: unshod horses.

Answer 1082

A pen for sheep.

Answer 1083

n 1. (Cookery) a. a flat-bottomed drinking glass with no handle or stem. Originally, a tumbler had a round or pointed base and so could not stand upright b. Also called: tumblerful the contents or quantity such a glass holds 2. (Jewellery) Also called: tumbling box a pivoted box or drum rotated so that the contents (usually inferior gemstones) tumble about and become smooth and polished 3. the part of a lock that retains or releases the bolt and is moved by the action of a key 4. (Firearms, Gunnery, Ordnance & Artillery) a lever in a gunlock that receives the action of the mainspring when the trigger is pressed and thus forces the hammer forwards 5. (Mechanical Engineering) a. a part that moves a gear in a train of gears into and out of engagement b. a single cog or cam that transmits motion to the part with which it engages

Answer 1084

(frĭ-nŏl′ə-jē) n. The study of the shape and protuberances of the skull, based on the now discredited belief that they reveal character and mental capacity. phren′o·log′ic (frĕn′ə-lŏj′ĭk, frē′nə-), phren′o·log′i·cal (-ĭ-kəl) adj. phre·nol′o·gist n.

Answer 1085

(ro͞o′fəl) adj. Causing, feeling, or expressing sorrow or regret: "He gave the young officer the rueful look of a father exasperated with his misbehaving son" (Khaled Hosseini). rue′ful·ly adv. rue′ful·ness n.

Answer 1086

(trē′foil′, trĕf′oil′) n. 1. Any of various plants of the pea family, chiefly of the genera Trifolium and Lotus, having compound trifoliolate leaves. 2. An ornament, symbol, or architectural form having the appearance of a trifoliolate leaf. [Middle English, from Anglo-Norman trifoil, from Latin trifolium : tri-, tri- + folium, leaf; see bhel- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1087

(sĭs′tərn) n. 1. A receptacle for holding water or other liquid, especially a tank for catching and storing rainwater. 2. Anatomy A cisterna. [Middle English cisterne, from Latin cisterna, from cista, box, from Greek kistē, basket.] cis·tern′al (sĭ-stûr′nəl) adj.

Answer 1088

n. Abbr. fth. or fm. A unit of length equal to 6 feet (1.83 meters), used principally in the measurement and specification of marine depths. tr. v. fath·omed, fath·om·ing, fath·oms 1. To penetrate to the meaning or nature of; comprehend. 2. To determine the depth of; sound. [Middle English fathme, from Old English fæthm, outstretched arms; see petə- in Indo-European roots.] fath′om·a·ble adj.

Answer 1089

(pĕr′ə-rāt′) intr. v. per·o·rat·ed, per·o·rat·ing, per·o·rates 1. To conclude a speech with a formal recapitulation. 2. To speak at great length, often in a grandiloquent manner; declaim. [Latin perōrāre, perōrāt- : per-, per- + ōrāre, to speak.] per′o·ra′tion n. per′o·ra′tion·al adj.

Answer 1090

n. The branch of metaphysics that deals with the nature of being.

Answer 1091

Jeremy Bentham (1748 – 1832) was a British philosopher, jurist, and social reformer. He is regarded as the founder of modern utilitarianism. Bentham became a leading theorist in Anglo-American philosophy of law, and a political radical whose ideas influenced the development of welfarism. He advocated individual and economic freedom, the separation of church and state, freedom of expression, equal rights for women, the right to divorce, and the decriminalising of homosexual acts. He called for the abolition of slavery, the abolition of the death penalty, and the abolition of physical punishment, including that of children. He has also become known in recent years as an early advocate of animal rights. Though strongly in favour of the extension of individual legal rights, he opposed the idea of natural law and natural rights, calling them "nonsense upon stilts". Bentham's students included his secretary and collaborator James Mill, the latter's son, John Stuart Mill, the legal philosopher John Austin, as well as Robert Owen, one of the founders of utopian socialism. Bentham has been described as the "spiritual founder" of University College London, though he played little direct part in its foundation.

Answer 1092

n. 1. a human being. 2. Obs. a. any living being; a creature. b. a supernatural being, as a sprite. [before 900; Middle English, Old English wiht being, demon, matter, c. Old Saxon, Old High German wiht, Old Norse vēttr, Gothic waihts] adj. Archaic. valiant, esp. in war.

Answer 1093

1. Flushed with rosy color; ruddy. 2. Very ornate; flowery: a florid prose style. 3. Archaic Healthy. 4. Obsolete Abounding in or covered with flowers.

Answer 1094

also lou·vre (lo͞o′vər) n. 1. a. A framed opening, as in a wall, door, or window, fitted with fixed or movable horizontal slats for admitting air or light and often for shedding rain. b. One of the slats used in such an opening. c. One of the narrow openings formed by such slats. 2. A slatted, ventilating opening, as on the hood of a motor vehicle. 3. A lantern-shaped cupola on the roof of a medieval building for admitting air and providing for the escape of smoke. [Middle English lover, skylight, chimney, from Old French, from Middle Dutch love, gallery, from Middle High German lauble.] lou′vered adj.

Answer 1095

n. 1. One who lives very meagerly in order to hoard money. 2. A greedy or avaricious person.

Answer 1096

n. 1. A stopper, especially for the hole through which a cask, keg, or barrel is filled or emptied. 2. A bunghole. tr. v. bunged, bung·ing, bungs 1. To close with a cork or stopper. 2. Informal To injure or damage: fell on skis and bunged up my leg. 3. Chiefly British To fling; toss.

Answer 1097

(pŏn-to͞on′) n. Any of various floating structures, especially: a. A flatbottom boat used to support a bridge. b. A floating structure that serves as a dock. c. Either of a pair of floats supporting a boat or seaplane. [French ponton, from Old French, from Latin pontō, pontōn-, floating bridge, from pōns, pont-, bridge; see pent- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1098

or aer·y also ey·rie or ey·ry (âr′ē, îr′ē) n. pl. aer·ies also ey·ries 1. The nest of a bird, such as an eagle, built on a cliff or other high place. 2. A house or stronghold perched on a height. [Medieval Latin aeria, from Old French aire, aerie, origin, family (probably influenced by Latin ārea, open space, threshing floor, and āerius, aerial), from Latin ager, field; see agro- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1099

adj. Making, given to, or marked by noisy and vehement outcry. [Latin vocifer(ārī), to speak loudly; see vociferate, -ous.] vo·cif′er·ous·ly adv. vo·cif′er·ous·ness n. Synonyms: vociferous, blatant, boisterous, strident, clamorous

Answer 1100

(lŭg′ər) n. A small boat used for fishing, sailing, or coasting and having two or three masts, each with a lugsail, and two or three jibs set on the bowsprit.

Answer 1101

the beliefs of a 4th-century Gnostic sect, especially that the Old Testament concerns a demiurge and not God and that Cain, whom they revered, had been maligned.

Answer 1102

(pô′kē) adj. pawk·i·er, pawk·i·est Chiefly British Shrewd and cunning, often in a humorous manner. [From English dialectal pawk, a trick.]

Answer 1103

Richard Freiherr von Krafft-Ebing was an Austro–German psychiatrist and author of the foundational work Psychopathia Sexualis. Krafft-Ebing, born in Mannheim, Germany, studied medicine at the University of Heidelberg, where he specialized in psychiatry. He later practiced in psychiatric asylums. After leaving his work in asylums, he pursued a career in psychiatry, forensics, and hypnosis.

Answer 1104

Christian Rosenkreuz (also spelled Rosenkreutz) is the legendary, possibly allegorical, founder of the Rosicrucian Order (Order of the Rosy Cross). He is presented in three manifestos that were published early in the 17th century. According to legend, Christian Rosenkreuz was a doctor who discovered and learned esoteric wisdom on a pilgrimage to the Middle East among Turkish, Arab and Persian sages, possibly Sufi or Zoroastrian masters, supposedly in the early 15th century; returned and founded the "Fraternity of the Rose Cross" with himself (Frater C.R.C.) as Head of the Order. Under his direction a Temple, called Sanctus Spiritus, or "The House of the Holy Spirit", was built. It is described that his body was discovered by a Brother of the Order, in a perfect state of preservation, 120 years after his death (which occurred in absolute secrecy) – as Rosenkreuz had predicted —, in a heptagonal chamber erected by himself as a storehouse of knowledge. It is described that on the Sarcophagus in the centre of the Crypt of Christian Rosenkreutz were written, among other inscriptions the words, "Jesus mihi omnia, nequaquam vacuum, libertas evangelii, dei intacta gloria, legis jugum" (being in translation, "Jesus is everything to me, by no means empty, the freedom of the gospel, the untouched glory of god, the yoke of the law"), testifying to the builder's Christian character. Rosenkreuz's crypt, according to the description presented in the legend, is located in the interior of the Earth, recalling the alchemical motto V.I.T.R.I.O.L.: Visita Interiora Terrae Rectificando Invenies Occultum Lapidem ["Visit the interior of the Earth; by rectification thou shalt find the hidden stone."].

Answer 1105

(hŭs′tĭngz) pl.n. (used with a sing. or pl. verb) 1. a. A place where political campaign speeches are made: a candidate out on the hustings in the farm belt. b. The activities involved in political campaigning: a veteran of the hustings. 2. Chiefly British A court formerly held in some English cities and still held infrequently in London. 3. Chiefly British a. A platform on which candidates for Parliament formerly stood to address the electors. b. The proceedings of a parliamentary election. [From Middle English husting, court of common pleas, from Old English hūsting, court, from Old Norse hūsthing : hūs, house + thing, assembly.]

Answer 1106

1. A strong uneasiness caused by a sense of guilt: stole the money without compunction. See Synonyms at penitence. 2. A sting of conscience or a pang of doubt aroused by wrongdoing or the prospect of wrongdoing: "commercial speculators and hired politicians whohad no compunction about pillaging their country for personal gain" (Leo Damrosch).

Answer 1107

(thē-ŏd′l-īt′) n. An optical instrument consisting of a small mounted telescope rotatable in horizontal and vertical planes, used to measure angles in surveying. the·od′o·lit′ic (-lĭt′ĭk) adj.

Answer 1108

(ăl-bē′dō) n. pl. al·be·dos 1. The fraction of incident electromagnetic radiation reflected by a surface, especially of a celestial body. 2. The spongy white tissue on the inside of the rind of citrus fruit. [Late Latin albēdō, whiteness, from Latin albus, white; see albho- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1109

The ecliptic is the apparent path of the Sun on the celestial sphere, and is the basis for the ecliptic coordinate system. It also refers to the plane of this path, which is coplanar with both the orbit of the Earth around the Sun and the apparent orbit of the Sun around the Earth. The path of the Sun is not normally noticeable from the Earth's surface because the Earth rotates, carrying the observer through the cycles of sunrise and sunset, obscuring the apparent motion of the Sun with respect to the stars.

Answer 1110

n. A member of a legion. [French légionnaire, from Old French, from legion, legion; see legion.]

Answer 1111

n 1. (Physical Geography) spray blown up from the surface of the sea 2. (Physical Geography) powdery snow blown off a mountain Nontechnical name: spoondrift

Answer 1112

n 1. (Hunting) a person who courses hounds or dogs, esp greyhounds 2. (Hunting) a hound or dog trained for coursing n 1. (Horse Training, Riding & Manège) a swift horse; steed

Answer 1113

1. Made of or resembling flax. 2. Having the pale grayish-yellow color of flax fiber: flaxen braids.

Answer 1114

(fĭl′ē-əl, fē′lē-) adj. 1. Of, relating to, or befitting a son or daughter: filial respect. 2. Having or assuming the relationship of child or offspring to parent. 3. Genetics Of or relating to a generation or the sequence of generations following the parental generation. [Middle English, from Old French, from Late Latin fīliālis, from Latin fīlius, son; see dhē(i)- in Indo-European roots.] fil′i·al·ly adv.

Answer 1115

n. pl. mau·so·le·ums or mau·so·le·a (-lē′ə) 1. A large stately tomb or a building housing such a tomb or several tombs. 2. A gloomy, usually large room or building. [Middle English, from Latin Mausōlēum, from Greek Mausōleion, from Mausōlos, Mausolus (died c. 353 bc), Persian satrap of Caria whose tomb was considered one of the Seven Wonders of the World.] mau′so·le′an adj.

Answer 1116

(sĭ-kwĕs′tər) v. se·ques·tered, se·ques·ter·ing, se·ques·ters v.tr. 1. To remove or set apart; segregate or hide: "Some of the actors ... found it disturbing that the director was sequestered in an off-stage control booth" (Gene D. Phillips). See Synonyms at isolate. 2. To cause to withdraw into seclusion: students who sequester themselves in libraries. 3. To remove or isolate (a chemical, often a gas) from an environment by incorporation, mixing, or insertion under pressure: plants that sequester toxins from wetlands; plans to sequester carbon dioxide produced by a power plant by injection into an underground aquifer. 4. a. Law To take temporary possession of (property) as security against legal claims. b. To requisition and confiscate (enemy property). v.intr. Chemistry To undergo sequestration. [Middle English sequestren, from Old French, from Latin sequestrāre, to give up for safekeeping, from Latin sequester, depositary, trustee; see sekw- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1117

(ăk-sēd′) intr. v. ac·ced·ed, ac·ced·ing, ac·cedes 1. To give one's consent, often at the insistence of another: accede to a demand. See Synonyms at assent. 2. To arrive at or come into an office or dignity: accede to the throne. 3. To become a party to an agreement or treaty. [Middle English acceden, to come near, from Latin accēdere, to go near : ad-, ad- + cēdere, to go; see ked- in Indo-European roots.] ac·ced′ence (-sēd′ns) n. ac·ced′er n.

Answer 1118

(wĭd′ər-shĭnz′) or with·er·shins (wĭth′-) adv. In a contrary or counterclockwise direction: "The coracle whirled round, clockwise, then widdershins" (Anthony Bailey). [Middle Low German weddersinnes, from Middle High German widersinnes : wider, back (from Old High German widar; see wi- in Indo-European roots) + sinnes, in the direction of (from sin, direction, from Old High German; see sent- in Indo-European roots).]

Answer 1119

(European Myth & Legend) (in Irish folklore) a female spirit whose wailing warns of impending death

Answer 1120

(kôr′ə-skāt′, kŏr′-) intr. v. cor·us·cat·ed, cor·us·cat·ing, cor·us·cates 1. To give forth flashes of light; sparkle and glitter: diamonds coruscating in the candlelight. 2. To exhibit sparkling virtuosity: a flutist whose music coruscated throughout the concert hall. [Latin coruscāre, coruscāt-, to flash.] cor′us·ca′tion n.

Answer 1121

n. 1. A spring that is the source or head of a stream. 2. A chief and copious source; an originator: "the intellectual fountainhead of the black conservatives" (Jerrold K. Footlick).

Answer 1122

(prī-vā′shən) n. 1. a. Lack of the basic necessities or comforts of life: living in times of privation. b. An act, condition, or result of deprivation or loss: endured the privations of war. 2. The condition of being without a specified quality or attribute: the privation of liberty.

Answer 1123

An area of low-lying land that is usually saturated with water and is dominated by herbaceous rather than woody plants.

Answer 1124

(blo͞o′bŏt′l) n. Any of several blowflies of the genus Calliphora that have a bright metallic-blue body and lay their eggs in decaying organic matter.

Answer 1125

vb (tr) 1. to make clear or explicit; explain 2. to formulate or develop (a theory, hypothesis, etc)

Answer 1126

(ĭn-tĕm′pər-əns, -prəns) n. 1. Lack of temperance, as in the indulgence of an appetite or a passion. 2. Excessive use of alcoholic beverages.

Answer 1127

(sō′jûrn′, sō-jûrn′) intr.v. so·journed, so·journ·ing, so·journs To reside temporarily: "His family had sojourned in New Jersey for one year only, and had then gone back to Michigan" (Jane Smiley). n. A temporary stay; a brief period of residence. [Middle English sojournen, from Old French sojorner, from Vulgar Latin \*subdiurnāre : Latin sub-, sub- + Late Latin diurnum, day (from Latin, daily ration, from neuter of diurnus, daily, from diēs, day; see dyeu- in Indo-European roots).] so′journ′er n.

Answer 1128

(vĭ-sĭs′ĭ-to͞od′, -tyo͞od′) n. 1. a. A change or variation: an economy vulnerable to the vicissitudes of the oil market. b. A usually unforeseen change in circumstance or experience that affects one's life, especially in a trying way: the vicissitudes of childhood. See Synonyms at difficulty. 2. The quality of being changeable; mutability: the vicissitude of fortune.

Answer 1129

(Astronautics) the use of aerodynamic braking in extremely low-density atmospheres in space at hypersonic Mach numbers Aerobraking is a spaceflight maneuver that reduces the high point of an elliptical orbit (apoapsis) by flying the vehicle through the atmosphere at the low point of the orbit (periapsis). The resulting drag slows the spacecraft. Aerobraking is used when a spacecraft requires a low orbit after arriving at a body with an atmosphere, and it requires less fuel than does the direct use of a rocket engine.

Answer 1130

(gôrs) n. Any of several spiny evergreen shrubs of the genus Ulex of the pea family, especially U. europaeus, native to Europe and naturalized elsewhere,having fragrant yellow flowers and black pods. Also called furze, whin.

Answer 1131

Mayflies or shadflies are aquatic insects belonging to the order Ephemeroptera (from the Greek ephemeros = "short-lived" (literally "lasting a day", cf. English "ephemeral"), and pteron = "wing", referring to the brief lifespan of adults). They are in an ancient group of insects termed the Palaeoptera, which also contains the dragonflies and damselflies. Mayflies are relatively primitive insects and exhibit a number of ancestral traits that were probably present in the first flying insects, such as long tails and wings that do not fold flat over the abdomen. They are aquatic insects whose immature stage (called "naiad" or "nymph") lives in fresh water. They are unique among insects in having a fully winged terrestrial adult stage, the subimago, that moults into a sexually mature adult. Mayflies "hatch" (emerge as adults) in spring, not necessarily in May, in enormous numbers. Some hatches attract tourists. Fly fishermen make use of mayfly hatches by choosing artificial fishing flies that resemble the species in question. One of the most famous English mayflies is Rhithrogena germanica, the fisherman's "March brown mayfly".

Answer 1132

adj. Having the shape of a cube.

Answer 1133

vb (mainly tr) 1. (also intr) to remove colour from, or (of colour) to be removed; whiten; fade: the sun blanched the carpet; over the years the painting blanched. 2. (usually intr) to become or cause to become pale, as with sickness or fear 3. (Cookery) to plunge tomatoes, nuts, etc, into boiling water to loosen the skin 4. (Cookery) to plunge (meat, green vegetables, etc) in boiling water or bring to the boil in water in order to whiten, preserve the natural colour, orreduce or remove a bitter or salty taste 5. (Botany) to cause (celery, chicory, etc) to grow free of chlorophyll by the exclusion of sunlight 6. (Metallurgy) metallurgy to whiten (a metal), usually by treating it with an acid or by coating it with tin 7. (usually foll by: over) to attempt to conceal something

Answer 1134

(və-rĭd′ē-ən) n. A durable bluish-green pigment. [From Latin viridis, green; see virid.]

Answer 1135

The Serengeti ecosystem is a geographical region in Africa. It is located in northern Tanzania and extends to south-western Kenya between 1 and 3 degrees south latitudes and between 34 and 36 degrees east longitudes. The Serengeti hosts the largest terrestrial mammal migration in the world, which helps secure it as one of the Seven Natural Wonders of Africa and one of the ten natural travel wonders of the world. The Serengeti is also renowned for its large lion population and is one of the best places to observe prides in their natural environment. The region contains the Serengeti National Park in Tanzania and several game reserves. Approximately 70 larger mammal and 500 bird species are found there. This high diversity is a function of diverse habitats, including riverine forests, swamps, kopjes, grasslands, and woodlands. Blue wildebeests, gazelles, zebras, and buffalos are some of the commonly found large mammals in the region. There has been controversy about a proposed road to be built through the Serengeti. Serengeti is derived from the Maasai language, Maa; specifically, "Serengit" meaning "Endless Plains".

Answer 1136

(tĕ-trăl′ə-jē, -trŏl′-) n. pl. te·tral·o·gies 1. A series of four related dramatic, operatic, or literary works. 2. Medicine A complex of four symptoms. [Greek tetralogiā : tetra-, tetra- + -logos, word, saying; see -logy.]

Answer 1137

(fo͞olz′kăp′) n. 1. Chiefly British A sheet of writing or printing paper measuring about 13 by 16 inches. 2. A fool's cap.

Answer 1138

(ĭn-vĕt′ər-ĭt) adj. 1. Firmly and long established; deep-rooted: inveterate preferences. 2. Persisting in an ingrained habit; habitual: an inveterate liar. See Synonyms at chronic. [Middle English, from Latin inveterātus, past participle of inveterārī, to grow old, endure : in-, causative pref.; see vetus in Indo-European roots.] in·vet′er·a·cy (-ər-ə-sē), in·vet′er·ate·ness n. in·vet′er·ate·ly adv.

Answer 1139

n. 1. a. An officer who manages the household of a sovereign or noble; a chief steward. b. A high-ranking official in various royal courts. 2. An official who receives the rents and fees of a municipality; a treasurer. 3. Roman Catholic Church a. A papal gentleman. No longer in use. b. A camerlengo.

Answer 1140

The human eye is composed of six main components, which directly relate to eye optics, namely; cornea, lens, vitreous humor, aqueous humor, and retina. Aqueous humor is a clear liquid found in the space between the cornea and the lens. Main functions of aqueous humor are nourishing and removing the wastes of avascular structures such as the cornea, the lens, playing a role in refraction of light, and maintaining the intraocular pressure. Vitreous humor is a clear, gel-like substances present in the rear part of the eyeball, which includes the space between the lens and the retina. The main function of vitreous humor is to hold the retina in the eyeball and provide a shape to eyeball.

Answer 1141

(spĭn′stər) n. 1. Often Offensive A woman, especially an older one, who has not married. 2. Archaic A person, especially a woman, whose occupation is spinning thread. [Middle English spinnestere, female spinner of thread : spinnen, to spin; see spin + -estere, -ster, -ster.] spin′ster·hood′ n. spin′ster·ish, spin′ster·ly adj.

Answer 1142

(mûr′lən) n. A solid portion between two crenels in a battlement or crenelated wall. [French, from Italian merlone, augmentative of merlo, battlement, perhaps from Medieval Latin merulus, from Latin, merle (from their imagined similarity to blackbirds sitting on a wall).]

Answer 1143

v. blus·tered, blus·ter·ing, blus·ters v.intr. 1. To blow in loud, violent gusts, as the wind during a storm. 2. a. To speak in a loudly arrogant or bullying manner. b. To brag or make loud, empty threats. v.tr. To force or bully with swaggering threats. n. 1. A violent, gusty wind. 2. Turbulence or noisy confusion. 3. Loud, arrogant speech, often full of empty threats. blus′ter·er n. blus′ter·y, blus′ter·ous adj.

Answer 1144

(ŏb-sē′kwē-əs, əb-) adj. Full of or exhibiting servile compliance; fawning. [Middle English, from Latin obsequiōsus, from obsequium, compliance, from obsequī, to comply : ob-, to; see sequī in Indo-European roots.] ob·se′qui·ous·ly adv. ob·se′qui·ous·ness n.

Answer 1145

(kăzh′mîr′, kăsh′-, kăzh-mîr′, kăsh-) n. 1. The fine wool of a Cashmere goat. 2. A soft fabric made of this wool or of similar fibers.

Answer 1146

(kə-do͞o′sē-əs, -shəs, -dyo͞o′-) n. pl. ca·du·ce·i (-sē-ī′) 1. a. A herald's wand or staff, especially in ancient times. b. Greek Mythology A winged staff with two serpents twined around it, carried by Hermes. 2. An insignia modeled on Hermes's staff and used as the symbol of the medical profession. [Latin cādūceus, alteration of Greek dialectal kārūkeion, from kārūx, herald.] ca·du′ce·an (-sē-ən, -shən) adj.

Answer 1147

(brāz) tr. v. brazed, braz·ing, braz·es 1. To make of or decorate with brass. 2. To make hard like brass. [Middle English brasen, from Old English brasian, from bræs, brass.] braze 2 ``` tr.v. brazed, braz·ing, braz·es To solder (two pieces of metal) together using a hard solder with a high melting point. ```

Answer 1148

(skān) n. 1. a. A length of thread or yarn wound in a loose long coil. b. Something suggesting the coil of a skein; a complex tangle: a twisted skein of lies. 2. A flock of geese or similar birds in flight.

Answer 1149

n. 1. a. A contoured crossbar having two U-shaped attachments that fit around the necks of a team of oxen or other draft animals, with a central ring for hitching the team to a cart, plow, or other load. b. pl. yoke or yokes A pair of draft animals, such as oxen, joined by a yoke. c. A bar used with a double harness to connect the collar of each horse to the pole of a wagon or coach. 2. A frame designed to be carried across a person's shoulders with equal loads suspended from each end. 3. Nautical A crossbar on a ship's rudder to which the steering cables are connected. 4. A clamp or vise that holds a machine part in place or controls its movement or that holds two such parts together. 5. A piece of a garment that is closely fitted, either around the neck and shoulders or at the hips, and from which an unfitted or gathered part of the garment is hung. 6. Something that connects or joins together; a bond or tie. 7. Electronics A series of two or more magnetic recording heads fastened securely together for playing or recording on more than one track simultaneously. 8. a. Any of various emblems of subjugation, such as a structure made of two upright spears with a third laid across them, under which conquered enemies of ancient Rome were forced to march in subjection. b. The condition of being subjugated by or as if by a conqueror; subjugation or bondage: 14th-century Russia under the Tatar yoke; the yoke of drug addiction. v. yoked, yok·ing, yokes v.tr. 1. To fit or join with a yoke. 2. a. To harness a draft animal to. b. To harness (a draft animal) to a vehicle or an implement. 3. To join together; bind: partners who were yoked together for life. 4. To force into heavy labor, bondage, or subjugation. v.intr. To become joined.

Answer 1150

also ar·ba·list (är′bə-lĭst) n. A medieval missile launcher designed on the principle of the crossbow. [Middle English arblast, from Old English, from Old French arbaleste, from Late Latin arcuballista : Latin arcus, bow + Latin ballista, ballista; see ballista.] ar′ba·lest′er (-lĕs′tər) n.

Answer 1151

(pə-sĭf′ĭk) also pa·cif·i·cal (-ĭ-kəl) adj. 1. Tending to diminish or put an end to conflict; appeasing. 2. Of a peaceful nature; tranquil. [French pacifique, from Old French pacifice, from Latin pācificus : pāx, pāc-, peace; see pag- in Indo-European roots + -ficus, -fic.] pa·cif′i·cal·ly adv.

Answer 1152

also In·ka (ĭng′kə) n. pl. Inca or In·cas also Inka or In·kas 1. a. A member of the group of Quechuan peoples of highland Peru who established an empire from northern Ecuador to central Chile before the Spanish conquest. b. A ruler or high-ranking member of the Inca Empire. 2. A member of any of the peoples ruled by the Incas. [Spanish, from Quechua inka, ruler, man of royal lineage.]

Answer 1153

adj. 1. Inclined to make trouble; unruly. 2. Having a peevish nature; cranky. [From fraction, discord (obsolete).] frac′tious·ly adv. frac′tious·ness n.

Answer 1154

(ăp′ər-tān′) intr.v. ap·per·tained, ap·per·tain·ing, ap·per·tains To belong as a proper function or part; pertain: problems appertaining to social reform. [Middle English appertenen, from Old French apartenir, from Vulgar Latin \*appartenēre, from Late Latin appertinēre : ad-, ad- + pertinēre, to belong; see pertain.]

Answer 1155

adj. 1. of, pertaining to, or affecting the viscera. 2. characterized by or proceeding from instinct rather than intellect: a visceral reaction. 3. characterized by or dealing with coarse or base emotions; earthy. vis′cer•al•ly, adv.

Answer 1156

(bĕn′ĭ-zən, -sən) n. A blessing; a benediction. [Middle English, from Old French beneison, from Latin benedictiō, benedictiōn-, praising; see benediction.]

Answer 1157

hear·ken also har·ken (här′kən) intr.v. hear·kened, hear·ken·ing, hear·kens also har·kened or har·ken·ing or har·kens Archaic To listen attentively; give heed. Phrasal Verb: hearken back Usage Problem To hark back. Usage Note: Traditionally, hearken means "to listen." The word has an archaic and formal air today, in part stemming from its extensively use in the King James Bible (as in Mark 7:14 "Hearken unto me, every one of you") and in traditional storytelling. In contemporary usage, hearken is more often used where one might expect hark, no doubt because of sound similarity: The movie hearkens back to the sci-fi films of the 1950s. The Usage Panel has mixed feelings about this. In our 2009 survey, just 48 percent accepted this example.

Answer 1158

(skwŏl′ĭd) adj. 1. Dirty or deteriorated, especially from poverty or lack of care. See Synonyms at dirty. 2. Morally repulsive; sordid: "the squalid atmosphere of intrigue, betrayal, and counterbetrayal" (W. Bruce Lincoln). [Latin squālidus, from squālēre, to be filthy, from squālus, filthy.] squal′id·ly adv. squal′id·ness, squa·lid′i·ty (skwŏ-lĭd′ĭ-tē) n.

Answer 1159

(lĕch′ə-rē) n. pl. lech·er·ies 1. Excessive interest in or indulgence in sexual activity. 2. A lecherous act. Synonyms: sex, sex activity, sexual activity, sexual practice

Answer 1160

(văl′ĭ-dĭk′shən) n. 1. An act of bidding farewell; a leave-taking. 2. A speech or statement made as a farewell. 3. A word or phrase of farewell used to end a letter or message. [From Latin valedictus, past participle of valedīcere, to say farewell : valē, farewell; see dīcere in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1161

(drŭb′ĭng) n. 1. A severe thrashing. 2. A total defeat.

Answer 1162

n. 1. A young offspring of a carnivorous mammal, especially a dog or wolf. 2. a. A child; a youth. b. An impudent boy or young man. 3. a. A tooth of a sprocket wheel. b. Nautical Any of the ridges on the barrel of a windlass or capstan. v. whelped, whelp·ing, whelps v.intr. To give birth to whelps or a whelp. v.tr. To give birth to (whelps or a whelp).

Answer 1163

(tī′bər) A river of central Italy flowing about 406 km (252 mi) south and southwest through Rome to the Tyrrhenian Sea at Ostia.

Answer 1164

Shaped like a cross

Answer 1165

n. 1. a. An administrative part of a diocese, especially an Anglican or Roman Catholic diocese, having its own church and a designated priest. b. The members of such a parish; a religious community attending one church. 2. A political subdivision of a British county, usually corresponding in boundaries to an original ecclesiastical parish. 3. An administrative subdivision in Louisiana that corresponds to a county in other US states.

Answer 1166

(ŭm′brə) n. pl. um·bras or um·brae (-brē) 1. A dark area, especially the blackest part of a shadow from which all light is cut off. 2. Astronomy a. The completely dark central portion of the shadow cast by the earth, moon, or other body during an eclipse. b. The darkest region of a sunspot. [Latin, shadow.] um′bral adj.

Answer 1167

n. 1. A coil or loop. 2. Nautical A ring on a stay attached to the head of a jib or staysail. 3. A looped bundle, as of yarn. [Middle English, from Old Norse hönk.]

Answer 1168

(sān) n. A large fishing net made to hang vertically in the water by weights at the lower edge and floats at the top. v. seined, sein·ing, seines v.intr. To fish with such a net. [Middle English, from Old English segne, from Germanic \*sagina, from Latin sagēna, from Greek sagēnē.] sein′er n.

Answer 1169

v. dis·sim·u·lat·ed, dis·sim·u·lat·ing, dis·sim·u·lates v.tr. To conceal (one's intentions, for example) under a feigned appearance. See Synonyms at disguise. v.intr. To conceal one's true feelings or intentions. [Middle English dissimulaten, from Latin dissimulāre, dissimulāt- : dis-, dis- + simulāre, to simulate; see simulate.] dis·sim′u·la′tion n. dis·sim′u·la′tive adj. dis·sim′u·la′tor n.

Answer 1170

adj. Of, relating to, or prescribing a norm or standard: normative grammar. nor′ma·tive·ly adv. nor′ma·tive·ness n.

Answer 1171

Clinker built (also known as lapstrake) is a method of boat building where the edges of hull planks overlap, called a "land" or "landing." In craft of any size planks are also joined end to end into a strake. The technique developed in northern Europe and was successfully used by the Norsemen and typical for the Hanseatic cog. A contrasting method, where plank edges are butted smoothly seam to seam, is known as carvel construction. Examples of clinker-built boats directly descended from those of Norsemen shipbuilders are the traditional round-bottomed Thames skiffs of the River Thames, and the larger (originally) cargo-carrying Norfolk wherries of England.

Answer 1172

(sĕp′sĭs) n. Systemic infection by pathogenic microorganisms, especially bacteria, that have invaded the bloodstream, usually from a local source. Sepsis is characterized by fever, increased number of white blood cells, increased heart rate, and other signs of widespread infection. [Greek sēpsis, putrefaction, from sēpein, to make rotten.]

Answer 1173

n. 1. Christianity A rite believed to be a means of or visible form of grace, especially: a. In the Eastern, Roman Catholic, and some other Western Christian churches, any of the traditional seven rites that were instituted by Jesus and recorded in the New Testament and that confer sanctifying grace. b. In most other Western Christian churches, the two rites, Baptism and the Eucharist, that were instituted by Jesus to confer sanctifying grace. 2. A religious rite similar to a Christian sacrament, as in character or meaning. 3. often Sacrament a. The Eucharist. b. The consecrated elements of the Eucharist, especially the bread or host. [Middle English, from Old French sacrement, from Late Latin sacrāmentum, from Latin, oath, from sacrāre, to consecrate, from sacer, sacr-, sacred; see sacred.]

Answer 1174

(ŏb′lə-kwē) n. pl. ob·lo·quies 1. Abusively detractive language or utterance; calumny: "I have had enough obloquy for one lifetime" (Anthony Eden). 2. The condition of disgrace suffered as a result of abuse or vilification; ill repute. [Middle English obloqui, from Late Latin obloquium, abusive contradiction, from Latin obloquī, to interrupt : ob-, against; see loquī in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1175

n. Greek Mythology The god of commerce, invention, cunning, and theft, who also served as messenger, scribe, and herald for the other gods.

Answer 1176

(trĭch′ə-rāt′) tr.v. trit·u·rat·ed, trit·u·rat·ing, trit·u·rates To rub, crush, grind, or pound into fine particles or a powder; pulverize. n. (-ər-ĭt) A triturated substance, especially a powdered drug. [Late Latin trītūrāre, trītūrāt-, to thresh, from Latin trītūra, a threshing, from trītus, past participle of terere, to thresh; see terə- in Indo-European roots.] trit′u·ra·ble adj. trit′u·ra′tor n.

Answer 1177

n. 1. a. A horizontal crosspiece over a door or between a door and a window above it. b. A small hinged window above a door or another window. 2. A horizontal dividing bar of wood or stone in a window. 3. A lintel. 4. Nautical a. Any of several transverse beams affixed to the sternpost of a wooden ship and forming part of the stern. b. The aftermost transverse structural member in a steel ship, including the floor, frame, and beam assembly at the sternpost. c. The stern of a square-sterned boat when it is a structural member. 5. The horizontal beam on a cross or gallows. Idiom: over the transom Without being agreed to; unsolicited: They even publish a few manuscripts that come in over the transom. [Middle English traunsom, probably alteration of Latin trānstrum, cross-beam, from trāns, across; see trans-.]

Answer 1178

(ĕp′ĭ-dē′mē-ŏl′ə-jē, -dĕm′ē-) n. The branch of medicine that deals with the study of the causes, distribution, and control of disease in populations. [Medieval Latin epidēmia, an epidemic; see epidemic + -logy.] ep′i·de′mi·o·log′ic (-ə-lŏj′ĭk), ep′i·de′mi·o·log′i·cal (-ĭ-kəl) adj. ep′i·de′mi·o·log′i·cal·ly adv. ep′i·de′mi·ol′o·gist n.

Answer 1179

or sang·froid (säN-frwä′) n. Coolness and composure, especially in trying circumstances.

Answer 1180

Maitreya (Sanskrit) is regarded as a future Buddha of this world in Buddhist eschatology. In some Buddhist literature, such as the Amitabha Sutra and the Lotus Sutra, he is referred to as Ajita. According to Buddhist tradition, Maitreya is a bodhisattva who will appear on Earth in the future, achieve complete enlightenment, and teach the pure dharma. According to scriptures, Maitreya will be a successor to the present Buddha, Gautama Buddha (also known as Śākyamuni Buddha). The prophecy of the arrival of Maitreya refers to a time in the future when the dharma will have been forgotten by most on the terrestrial world. This prophecy is found in the canonical literature of all major schools of Buddhism. Maitreya has also been adopted for his millenarian role by many non-Buddhist religions in the past such as the White Lotus as well as by modern new religious movements such as Yiguandao.

Answer 1181

adj. 1. Lacking flavor or zest; not tasty: insipid soup. 2. Lacking qualities that excite, stimulate, or interest; dull. in′si·pid′i·ty (ĭn′sĭ-pĭd′ĭ-tē), in·sip′id·ness n. in·sip′id·ly adv.

Answer 1182

(lăm′bənt) adj. 1. a. Flickering lightly: lambent firelight. b. Having a gentle glow; luminous: "A lambent moon cast shadows on crumbling walls" (Stephen Benz). See Synonyms at bright. 2. Light or brilliant: lambent wit. lam′ben·cy n. lam′bent·ly adv. Synonyms: aglow, lucent, luminous

Answer 1183

adj. Feeling or showing haughty disdain. See Synonyms at arrogant. [Latin superciliōsus, from supercilium, eyebrow, pride : super-, super- + cilium, lower eyelid; see kel- in Indo-European roots.] su′per·cil′i·ous·ly adv. su′per·cil′i·ous·ness n. Word History: The English word supercilious derives from the Latin word supercilium, "eyebrow." Supercilium came to mean "the eyebrow as used in frowning and expressing sternness, gravity, or haughtiness." From there it developed the senses "stern looks, severity, haughty demeanor, pride." The derived Latin adjective superciliōsus meant "full of stern or disapproving looks, censorious, haughty, disdainful," as it has since it entered English as supercilious in the 1500s. The super- in the Latin word supercilium means "above," and cilium was the Latin word for "eyelid." In many of the Romance languages, this word developed into the word for "eyelash." This development is probably reflected in the scientific use in English of the word cilium, whose plural is cilia. Cilia are the minute hairlike appendages of cells or unicellular organisms that move in unison in order to bring about the movement of the cell or of the surrounding medium.

Answer 1184

tr.v. mot·tled, mot·tling, mot·tles To mark with spots or blotches of different shades or colors. n. 1. A spot or blotch of color. 2. A variegated pattern, as on marble. [Probably back-formation from motley.] mot′tler n.

Answer 1185

n. pl. trac·er·ies Ornamental work of interlaced and branching lines, especially the lacy openwork in a Gothic window. [From trace.] trac′er·ied adj.

Answer 1186

n. pl. mu·lat·tos or mu·lat·toes Often Offensive A person of mixed white and black ancestry, especially one having one white and one black parent. [Spanish mulato, small mule, person of mixed race, mulatto, from mulo, mule, from Old Spanish, from Latin mūlus.]

Answer 1187

(fə-to͞o′ĭ-tē, -tyo͞o′-, fă-) n. pl. fa·tu·i·ties 1. Smug stupidity; utter foolishness. 2. Something that is utterly stupid or silly. [Latin fatuitās, from fatuus, silly, foolish.]

Answer 1188

(pyo͝or′īl′, pwĕr′-, pyo͞o′ər-, -əl) adj. 1. Immature, especially in being silly or trivial; childish. See Synonyms at young. 2. Archaic Belonging to childhood; juvenile. [Latin puerīlis, from puer, child, boy; see pau- in Indo-European roots.] puer·ile·ly adv. puer′il′i·ty (-ĭl′ĭ-tē), puer′ile·ness (-əl-nĭs, -īl-) n.

Answer 1189

or car·a·velle (kăr′ə-vĕl′) also car·vel (kär′vəl, -vĕl′) n. Any of several types of small, light sailing ships, especially one with two to four masts and lateen sails used by the Spanish and Portuguese in the 1400s and 1500s.

Answer 1190

n 1. (General Physics) an interpretation of quantum mechanics developed by Niels Bohr and his colleagues at the University of Copenhagen, based on the concept of wave-particle duality and the idea that the observation influences the result of an experiment

Answer 1191

n. 1. Nautical A wooden or metal pole, such as a boom, yard, or bowsprit, used to support sails and rigging. 2. A usually metal pole used as part of a crane or derrick. 3. A main structural member in an airplane wing or a tail assembly that runs from tip to tip or from root to tip. tr. v. sparred, spar·ring, spars 1. To supply with spars. 2. Obsolete To fasten with a bolt.

Answer 1192

(rŏn′dəl, rŏn-dĕl′) n. 1. A poem similar to a rondeau, having 13 or 14 lines with two rhymes throughout. The first and second lines reappear in the middle and at the end, although sometimes only the first line appears at the end. 2. often ron·delle (rŏn-dĕl′) A rounded or circular object. [Middle English, from Old French, diminutive of ronde, circle, round; see round.]

Answer 1193

n 1. (Norse Myth & Legend) Norse myth the first being and forefather of the giants. He was slain by Odin and his brothers, who made the earth from his flesh, the water from his blood, and the sky from his skull

Answer 1194

Italian philosopher who used Copernican principles to develop a pantheistic monistic philosophy; condemned for heresy by the Inquisition and burned at the stake (1548-1600)

Answer 1195

(froi′līn′, frou′-) n. pl. Fräulein Abbr. Frl. 1. Used as a courtesy title in a German-speaking area before the name of an unmarried woman or girl. 2. fräulein Used as a form of polite address for a girl or young woman in a German-speaking area. 3. Chiefly British A German governess.

Answer 1196

(krā′vən) adj. Characterized by abject fear; cowardly. n. A coward. [Middle English cravant, perhaps from Old French crevant, present participle of crever, to burst, from Latin crepāre, to break.] cra′ven·ly adv. cra′ven·ness n.

Answer 1197

(ə-lĭt′ə-rā′shən) n. The repetition of identical or similar sounds at the beginning of words or in stressed syllables, as in "on scrolls of silver snowy sentences" (Hart Crane). Modern alliteration is predominantly consonantal; certain literary traditions, such as Old English verse, also alliterate using vowel sounds.

Answer 1198

n. The branch of zoology that deals with birds. or′ni·tho·log′ic (-thə-lŏj′ĭk), or′ni·tho·log′i·cal (-ĭ-kəl) adj. or′ni·tho·log′i·cal·ly adv. or′ni·thol′o·gist n.

Answer 1199

An area of low wet land having peaty soil and typically being less acidic than a bog.

Answer 1200

n. pl. jen·nies 1. The female of certain animals, especially a donkey or a wren. 2. A spinning jenny.

Answer 1201

(păr′ə-pĭt, -pĕt′) n. 1. A low protective wall or railing along the edge of a raised structure such as a roof or balcony. 2. An earthen or stone embankment protecting soldiers from enemy fire. See Synonyms at bulwark. [French, from Italian parapetto : parare, to shield; see parasol + petto, chest (from Latin pectus).]

Answer 1202

(hə-răng′) n. 1. A long pompous speech, especially one delivered before a gathering. 2. A speech or piece of writing characterized by strong feeling or expression; a tirade. v. ha·rangued, ha·rangu·ing, ha·rangues v.tr. To deliver a harangue to. v.intr. To deliver a harangue.

Answer 1203

Julius Robert Oppenheimer (1904 – 1967) was an American theoretical physicist and professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley. He is among the persons who are often called the "father of the atomic bomb" for their role in the Manhattan Project, the World War II project that developed the first nuclear weapons. The first atomic bomb was detonated on July 16, 1945, in the Trinity test in New Mexico; Oppenheimer remarked later that it brought to mind words from the Bhagavad Gita: "Now I am become Death, the destroyer of worlds.

Answer 1204

1. One of a pair of vertical posts or pieces that together form the sides of a door, window frame, or fireplace, for example. 2. A projecting mass or columnar part.

Answer 1205

(ĭm′pôr-to͞on′, -tyo͞on′, ĭm-pôr′chən) v. im·por·tuned, im·por·tun·ing, im·por·tunes v. tr. 1. To make an earnest request of (someone), especially insistently or repeatedly: "A dozen reporters importuned every passing ambassador to speak to them" (Felicity Barringer). 2. Archaic a. To ask for (something) urgently or repeatedly. b. To annoy; vex. v.intr. To plead or urge irksomely, often persistently. adj. Archaic Importunate. im′por·tune′ly adv. im′por·tun′er n.

Answer 1206

n. 1. A ball of yarn or thread. 2. Greek Mythology The ball of thread used by Theseus to find his way out of the labyrinth. 3. clews The cords by which a hammock is suspended. 4. also clue Nautical a. One of the two lower corners of a square sail. b. The lower aft corner of a fore-and-aft sail. c. A metal loop attached to the lower corner of a sail. tr. v. clewed, clew·ing, clews 1. To roll or coil into a ball. 2. also clue Nautical To raise the lower corners of (a square sail) by means of clew lines. Used with up.

Answer 1207

1. Covering a wide field of subjects; rambling. 2. Proceeding to a conclusion through reason rather than intuition.

Answer 1208

n. pl. rhap·so·dies 1. Exalted or excessively enthusiastic expression of feeling in speech or writing. 2. A literary work written in an impassioned or exalted style. 3. A state of elated bliss; ecstasy. 4. Music A usually instrumental composition of irregular form that often incorporates improvisation. 5. An ancient Greek epic poem or a portion of one suitable for uninterrupted recitation. [Latin rhapsōdia, section of an epic poem, from Greek rhapsōidiā, from rhapsōidein, to recite poems : rhaptein, rhaps-, to sew; see wer- in Indo-European roots + aoidē, ōidē, song; see wed- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1209

(ĭ-mŏl′yənt) adj. 1. Softening and soothing, especially to the skin. 2. Making less harsh or abrasive; mollifying: the emollient approach of a diplomatic mediator. n. 1. An agent that softens or soothes the skin. 2. An agent that assuages or mollifies.

Answer 1210

Notarikon (Noṭariqōn‎) is a method of deriving a word, akin to the creation of an acronym, by using each of its initial or final letters to stand for another word, forming a sentence or idea out of the words. Another variation entails using the first and last letters, or the two middle letters of a word, etc. to form another word. The word "notarikon" is borrowed from Greek language, which in its turn was derived from the Latin word "notarius," meaning "shorthand writer." Notarikon is one of the three ancient methods, the other two being gematria and temurah, used by the Kabbalists to rearrange words and sentences in the Bible to derive the esoteric substratum and deeper spiritual meaning of the words. Notarikon was also used in the protoscience alchemy.

Answer 1211

(păl′ən-kēn′, păl′ən-kwĭn) also pal·an·keen (păl′ən-kēn′) n. A covered litter carried on poles on the shoulders of multiple bearers, formerly used in eastern Asia.

Answer 1212

(dĭ-skrī′) tr. v. de·scried, de·scry·ing, de·scries 1. To catch sight of (something difficult to discern). See Synonyms at see. 2. To discover by careful observation or scrutiny; detect: descried a message of hope in her words. [Middle English descrien, from Old French descrier, to call, cry out; see decry.] de·scri′er n.

Answer 1213

n. 1. An Anglican cleric with full legal control of a parish under ecclesiastical law; a rector. 2. A member of the clergy, especially a Protestant minister. [Middle English, parish priest, from Old French persone, from Medieval Latin persōna, from Latin, character; see person.]

Answer 1214

(vī′ə-dŭkt′) n. A series of spans or arches used to carry a road or railroad over a wide valley or over other roads or railroads. [Latin via, road; see via + (aque)duct.]

Answer 1215

Dispensationalism is a Christian evangelical, futurist, Biblical interpretation that believes that God has related to human beings in different ways under different Biblical covenants in a series of "dispensations," or periods in history. As a system, dispensationalism is expounded in the writings of John Nelson Darby (1800–82) and the Plymouth Brethren movement, and propagated through works such as Cyrus Scofield's Scofield Reference Bible. The theology of dispensationalism consists of a distinctive eschatological end times perspective, as all dispensationalists hold to premillennialism and most hold to a pretribulation rapture. Dispensationalists believe that the nation of Israel is distinct from the Christian Church, and that God has yet to fulfill his promises to national Israel. These promises include the land promises, which in the future world to come result in a millennial kingdom and Third Temple where Christ, upon his return, will rule the world from Jerusalem for a thousand years. In other areas of theology, dispensationalists hold to a wide range of beliefs within the evangelical and fundamentalist spectrum. With the rise of dispensationalism, some Protestants, where the dispensationalist view is particularly salient, came to interpret elements of the Book of Revelation not as an account of past events (with specific reference to the destruction of Jerusalem in AD 70, a position known as Preterism), but as predictions of the future. Estimates of the number of people who hold Dispensationalist beliefs vary between 5 and 40 million in the United States alone.

Answer 1216

Giovan Battista (Giambattista) Vico (1668 – 1744) was an Italian political philosopher, rhetorician, historian, and jurist. He criticized the expansion and development of modern rationalism and was an apologist of classical antiquity. Vico is best known for his magnum opus, the Scienza Nuova of 1725, often published in English as New Science. Vico is a precursor of systemic and complexity thinking, as opposed to Cartesian analysis and other kinds of reductionism. He is also well known for noting that verum esse ipsum factum ("true itself is fact" or "the true itself is made"), a proposition that has been read as an early instance of constructivist epistemology. Vico is often claimed to have inaugurated modern philosophy of history, although the term is not found in his text (Vico speaks of a "history of philosophy narrated philosophically"). While Vico was not, strictly speaking, a historicist, interest in him has often been driven by historicists. The view of history in Finnegans Wake is very strongly influenced by Giambattista Vico. Vico propounded a cyclical view of history, in which civilization rose from chaos, passed through theocratic, aristocratic, and democratic phases, and then lapsed back into chaos.

Answer 1217

(fə-rä′gō, -rā′-) n. pl. far·ra·goes An assortment or a medley; a conglomeration: "their special farrago of resentments" (William Safire). [Latin farrāgō, mixed fodder, hodgepodge, from far, farr-, a kind of grain; see bhares- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1218

(hyo͞o′məs) n. A brown or black organic substance consisting of partially or wholly decayed vegetable or animal matter that provides nutrients for plants and increases the ability of soil to retain water.

Answer 1219

adj. Frolicsome; playful. game′some·ly adv. game′some·ness n.

Answer 1220

also kaon an unstable meson produced as the result of a high-energy particle collision K particle, kaon, kappa-meson meson, mesotron - an elementary particle responsible for the forces in the atomic nucleus; a hadron with a baryon number of 0 Wikipedia: In particle physics, a kaon /ˈkeɪ.ɒn/, also called a K meson and denoted K,[nb 1] is any of a group of three mesons distinguished by a quantum number called strangeness. In the quark model they are understood to be bound states of a strange quark (or antiquark) and an up or down antiquark (or quark). Kaons have proved to be a copious source of information on the nature of fundamental interactions since their discovery in cosmic rays in 1947. They were essential in establishing the foundations of the Standard Model of particle physics, such as the quark model of hadrons and the theory of quark mixing (the latter was acknowledged by a Nobel Prize in Physics in 2008). Kaons have played a distinguished role in our understanding of fundamental conservation laws: CP violation, a phenomenon generating the observed matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe, was discovered in the kaon system in 1964 (which was acknowledged by a Nobel prize in 1980). Moreover, direct CP violation was also discovered in the kaon decays in the early 2000s.

Answer 1221

(tôr′pər) n. 1. A state of mental or physical inactivity or insensibility. 2. Lethargy; apathy. See Synonyms at lethargy. 3. The dormant, inactive state of a hibernating or estivating animal. [Latin, from torpēre, to be stiff; see ster- in Indo-European roots.] tor′po·rif′ic (-pə-rĭf′ĭk) adj.

Answer 1222

(dŭv′kōt′, -kŏt′) also dove·cot (-kŏt′) n. A compartmental structure, often raised on a pole, for housing domesticated pigeons.

Answer 1223

n. 1. Force or effort; power: succeeded by dint of hard work. 2. A dent.

Answer 1224

(kwäm, kwôm) n. 1. An uneasy feeling about the propriety or rightness of a course of action: "an ignorant ruffianly gaucho, who ... would ... fight, steal, and do other naughty things without a qualm" (W.H. Hudson). 2. A sudden disturbing feeling: "I heard with a qualm of terror the faint, remorseless sound of a telephone ringing somewhere down in the depths of the house" (John Banville). 3. A sudden feeling of sickness, faintness, or nausea. qualm′ish adj. qualm′ish·ly adv.

Answer 1225

Baph´o`met Baphomet is a term originally used to describe an idol or other deity that the Knights Templar were accused of worshiping, and that subsequently was incorporated into disparate occult and mystical traditions. It appeared as a term for a pagan idol in trial transcripts of the Inquisition of the Knights Templar in the early 14th century. The name first came into popular English usage in the 19th century, with debate and speculation on the reasons for the suppression of the Templars. Since 1856, the name Baphomet has been associated with a "Sabbatic Goat" image drawn by Eliphas Levi which contains binary elements representing the "sum total of the universe" (e.g. male and female, good and evil, etc.).

Answer 1226

(hăs′ək) n. 1. A thick cushion used as a footstool or for kneeling. 2. A dense clump of grass. [Middle English hassok, clump of grass, from Old English hassuc.]

Answer 1227

(prē-hĕn′səl, -sīl′) adj. 1. Able to seize, grasp, or hold, especially by wrapping around an object: a monkey's prehensile tail. 2. Having a keen intellect or powerful memory: a prehensile mind. [French préhensile, from Latin prehēnsus, past participle of prehendere, to grasp; see ghend- in Indo-European roots.] pre′hen·sil′i·ty (-sĭl′ĭ-tē) n.

Answer 1228

(myo͞o) n. 1. A cage for hawks, especially when molting. 2. A secret place; a hideaway. 3. mews (used with a sing. or pl. verb) a. A group of buildings originally containing private stables, often converted into residential apartments. b. A small street, alley, or courtyard on which such buildings stand. v. mewed, mew·ing, mews v.tr. To confine in or as if in a cage. v.intr. To molt. Used of a hawk.

Answer 1229

adj. rud·di·er, rud·di·est 1. a. Having a healthy, reddish color. b. Reddish; rosy. 2. Chiefly British Slang Used as an intensive: "You ruddy liar!" (John Galsworthy). [Middle English rudi, from Old English rudig; see reudh- in Indo-European roots.] rud′di·ly adv. rud′di·ness n.

Answer 1230

(mə-rān′) n. An accumulation of boulders, stones, or other debris carried and deposited by a glacier. [French, from French dialectal morena, mound of earth, from Provençal morre, muzzle, from Vulgar Latin \*murrum.] mo·rain′al, mo·rain′ic adj.

Answer 1231

Thomas Aquinas (1225 – 1274) was an Italian Dominican friar and Catholic priest and an immensely influential philosopher and theologian in the tradition of scholasticism, within which he is also known as the "Doctor Angelicus" and "Doctor Communis". He was the foremost classical proponent of natural theology, and the father of Thomism. His influence on Western thought is considerable, and much of modern philosophy was conceived in development or opposition of his ideas, particularly in the areas of ethics, natural law, metaphysics, and political theory. Unlike many currents in the Church of the time, Thomas embraced several ideas put forward by Aristotle — whom he referred to as "the Philosopher" — and attempted to synthesize Aristotelian philosophy with the principles of Christianity. The works for which he is best known are the Summa Theologica and the Summa contra Gentiles. Also honored as a Doctor of the Church.

Answer 1232

(ĭ-fo͝ol′jənt, ĭ-fŭl′-) adj. 1. Shining brilliantly; resplendent. See Synonyms at bright. 2. a. Showing or expressing vitality, love, or joy: "the thrilling promise he held out in his effulgent emerald eyes" (Arundhati Roy). b. Splendid; wonderful: effulgent beauty. [Latin effulgēns, effulgent-, present participle of effulgēre, to shine out : ex-, ex- + fulgēre, to shine; see bhel- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1233

also bun·ko (bŭng′kō) Informal n. pl. bun·cos also bun·kos A swindle in which an unsuspecting person is cheated; a confidence game. tr.v. bun·coed, bun·co·ing, bun·cos also bun·koed or bun·ko·ing or bun·kos To swindle. [Probably alteration of Spanish banca, card game, from Italian banca, bank, of Germanic origin; see bank.]

Answer 1234

(sā′lē-ənt, sāl′yənt) adj. 1. Strikingly conspicuous; prominent. See Synonyms at noticeable. 2. Projecting or jutting beyond a line or surface; protruding: The bell tower is the most salient feature on campus. 3. Springing; jumping: salient tree toads. n. 1. A military position that projects into the position of the enemy. 2. A projecting angle or part. sa′li·ent·ly adv.

Answer 1235

(glĭ-säd′, -sād′) n. 1. A gliding step in ballet. 2. A controlled slide, in either a standing or sitting position, used in descending a steep icy or snowy incline. intr.v. glis·sad·ed, glis·sad·ing, glis·sades To perform a glissade. [French, from glisser, to slide, from Old French, possibly alteration (influenced by glacer, to slide) of glier, to glide, of Germanic origin; see ghel- in Indo-European roots.] glis·sad′er n.

Answer 1236

(no͞o′bĭl, -bīl′, nyo͞o′-) adj. 1. Ready for marriage; of a marriageable age or condition. Used of young women. 2. Sexually mature and attractive. Used of young women. [Latin nūbilis, from nūbere, to take a husband.] nu·bil′i·ty (no͞o-bĭl′ĭ-tē, nyo͞o-) n.

Answer 1237

n 1. the dualistic religion founded by the Persian prophet Zoroaster in the late 7th or early 6th centuries bc and set forth in the sacred writings of the Zend-Avesta. It is based on the concept of a continuous struggle between Ormazd (or Ahura Mazda), the god of creation, light, and goodness, and his arch enemy, Ahriman, the spirit of evil and darkness, and it includes a highly developed ethical code. Also called: Mazdaism

Answer 1238

adj. Mournful, dismal, or gloomy, especially to an exaggerated or ludicrous degree. [From Latin lūgubris, from lūgēre, to mourn.] lu·gu′bri·ous·ly adv. lu·gu′bri·ous·ness n.

Answer 1239

(sō-măt′ĭk) adj. 1. Of, relating to, or affecting the body, especially as distinguished from a body part, the mind, or the environment; corporeal or physical. 2. Of or relating to the wall of the body cavity, especially as distinguished from the head, limbs, or viscera. 3. Of or relating to the portion of the vertebrate nervous system that regulates voluntary movement. 4. Of or relating to a somatic cell or the somatoplasm. [French somatique, from Greek sōmatikos, from sōma, sōmat-, body; see soma.] so·mat′i·cal·ly adv.

Answer 1240

(tĭch′ə-lər) adj. 1. Relating to, having the nature of, or constituting a title. 2. a. Existing in name only; nominal: the titular head of the family. b. Bearing the title of a church or monastery that is no longer active. 3. Bearing a title: titular dignitaries. 4. Derived from a title: the titular role in a play. n. One who holds a title. [From Latin titulus, title.]

Answer 1241

(ō-bā′səns, ō-bē′-) n. 1. A gesture or movement of the body, such as a curtsy, that expresses deference or homage. 2. An attitude of deference or homage. [Middle English obeisaunce, from Old French obeissance, from obeissant, present participle of obeir, to obey; see obey.] o·bei′sant adj.

Answer 1242

(ĭg-zŭlt′) intr. v. ex·ult·ed, ex·ult·ing, ex·ults 1. To rejoice greatly; be jubilant or triumphant. 2. Obsolete To leap upward, especially for joy. [Latin exsultāre : ex-, ex- + saltāre, to dance, frequentative of salīre, to leap; see sel- in Indo-European roots.] ex·ul′tance, ex·ul′tan·cy n.

Answer 1243

Platonism, rendered as a proper noun, is the philosophy of Plato or the name of other philosophical systems considered closely derived from it. In narrower usage, platonism, rendered as a common noun (with a lower case 'p', subject to sentence case), refers to the philosophy that affirms the existence of abstract objects, which are asserted to "exist" in a "third realm" distinct both from the sensible external world and from the internal world of consciousness, and is the opposite of nominalism (with a lower case "n"). Lower case "platonists" need not accept any of the doctrines of Plato. In a narrower sense, the term might indicate the doctrine of Platonic realism. The central concept of Platonism, a distinction essential to the Theory of Forms, is the distinction between the reality which is perceptible but unintelligible, and the reality which is imperceptible but intelligible. The forms are typically described in dialogues such as the Phaedo, Symposium and Republic as transcendent, perfect archetypes, of which objects in the everyday world are imperfect copies. In the Republic the highest form is identified as the Form of the Good, the source of all other forms, which could be known by reason. In the Sophist, a later work, the forms being, sameness and difference are listed among the primordial "Great Kinds". In the 3rd century BC, Arcesilaus adopted skepticism, which became a central tenet of the school until 90 BC when Antiochus added Stoic elements, rejected skepticism, and began a period known as Middle Platonism. In the 3rd century AD, Plotinus added mystical elements, establishing Neoplatonism, in which the summit of existence was the One or the Good, the source of all things; in virtue and meditation the soul had the power to elevate itself to attain union with the One. Platonism had a profound effect on Western thought, and many Platonic notions were adopted by the Christian church which understood Platonic forms as God's thoughts, while Neoplatonism became a major influence on Christian mysticism, in the West through St Augustine, Doctor of the Catholic Church whose Christian writings were heavily influenced by Plotinus' Enneads, and in turn were foundations for the whole of Western Christian thought.

Answer 1244

John von Neumann (1903 – 1957) was a Hungarian and later American pure and applied mathematician, physicist, inventor, polymath, and polyglot. He made major contributions to a number of fields, including mathematics (foundations of mathematics, functional analysis, ergodic theory, geometry, topology, and numerical analysis), physics (quantum mechanics, hydrodynamics, and fluid dynamics), economics (game theory), computing (Von Neumann architecture, linear programming, self-replicating machines, stochastic computing), and statistics. He was a pioneer of the application of operator theory to quantum mechanics, in the development of functional analysis, a principal member of the Manhattan Project and the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton (as one of the few originally appointed), and a key figure in the development of game theory and the concepts of cellular automata, the universal constructor, and the digital computer. Von Neumann's mathematical analysis of the structure of self-replication preceded the discovery of the structure of DNA. In a short list of facts about his life he submitted to the National Academy of Sciences, he stated "The part of my work I consider most essential is that on quantum mechanics, which developed in Göttingen in 1926, and subsequently in Berlin in 1927–1929. Also, my work on various forms of operator theory, Berlin 1930 and Princeton 1935–1939; on the ergodic theorem, Princeton, 1931–1932." Along with Hungarian-born American theoretical physicist Edward Teller and Polish mathematician Stanislaw Ulam, von Neumann worked out key steps in the nuclear physics involved in thermonuclear reactions and the hydrogen bomb. Von Neumann founded the field of game theory as a mathematical discipline.

Answer 1245

(rĭ-păst′) n. A meal or the food eaten or provided at a meal. v. re·past·ed, re·past·ing, re·pasts v.intr. To eat or feast. v.tr. Obsolete To give food to. [Middle English, from Old French, from Late Latin repāstus, from past participle of repāscere, to feed : re-, re- + Latin pāscere, to feed; see pā- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1246

adj. ters·er, ters·est Brief and to the point; effectively concise: a terse one-word answer. terse′ly adv. terse′ness n.

Answer 1247

(kôr′vīn′, -vĭn) adj. Of, resembling, or characteristic of crows. [Latin corvīnus, from corvus, raven.]

Answer 1248

1. Of or having to do with an uncle. 2. Regarded as characteristic of an uncle, especially in benevolence or tolerance.

Answer 1249

adj. 1. Having existed in a region from the beginning: aboriginal forests. See Synonyms at native. 2. a. Of or relating to aborigines. b. often Aboriginal Of or relating to the indigenous peoples of Australia. n. also Aboriginal An aborigine. ab′o·rig′i·nal·ly adv.

Answer 1250

(mād′n-hĕd′) n. 1. Archaic The condition or quality of being a maiden; virginity. 2. The hymen.

Answer 1251

Budai or Pu-Tai (Chinese: 布袋; pinyin: Bùdài), or 布袋 (Hotei) in Japanese, is a Chinese folkloric deity. His name means "Cloth Sack," and comes from the bag that he is conventionally depicted as carrying. He is usually identified with or seen as an incarnation of Maitreya, the future Buddha, so much so that the Budai image is one of the main forms in which Maitreya is depicted in East Asia. He is almost always shown smiling or laughing, hence his nickname in Chinese, the Laughing Buddha. In the West, the image of Budai is often mistaken for Gautama Buddha.

Answer 1252

adj. Effusively sad or full of self-pity; extremely sentimental: "displayed an almost maudlin concern for the welfare of animals" (Aldous Huxley). See Synonyms at sentimental. [Alteration of (Mary) Magdalene, who was frequently depicted as a tearful penitent.] maud′lin·ly adv. maud′lin·ness n.

Answer 1253

n. 1. The major unit of the Roman army consisting of 3,000 to 6,000 infantry troops and 100 to 200 cavalry troops. 2. A large military unit trained for combat; an army. 3. A large number; a multitude. See Synonyms at multitude. 4. often Legion A national organization of former members of the armed forces. adj. Constituting a large number; multitudinous: Her admirers were legion. His mistakes were legion. [Middle English legioun, from Old French legion, from Latin legiō, legiōn-, from legere, to gather; see leg- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1254

(pĭ-nŭm′brə) n. pl. pe·num·bras or pe·num·brae (-brē) 1. A partial shadow, as in an eclipse, between regions of complete shadow and complete illumination. 2. The diffuse outer part of a sunspot. 3. An area in which something exists to a lesser or uncertain degree: "The First Amendment has a penumbra where privacy is protected from governmental intrusion" (Joseph A. Califano, Jr.) 4. An outlying surrounding region; a periphery: "Downtown Chicago and its penumbra also stand rejuvenated" (John McCormick). [New Latin pēnumbra : Latin paene, almost + Latin umbra, shadow.] pe·num′bral, pe·num′brous adj.

Answer 1255

The Illuminati (plural of Latin illuminatus, "enlightened") is a name given to several groups, both real and fictitious. Historically, the name usually refers to the Bavarian Illuminati, an Enlightenment-era secret society founded on May 1, 1776. The society's goals were to oppose superstition, obscurantism, religious influence over public life and abuses of state power. "The order of the day," they wrote in their general statutes, "is to put an end to the machinations of the purveyors of injustice, to control them without dominating them."[1] The Illuminati—along with Freemasonry and other secret societies—were outlawed through Edict, by the Bavarian ruler, Charles Theodore, with the encouragement of the Roman Catholic Church, in 1784, 1785, 1787 and 1790.[2] In the several years following, the group was vilified by conservative and religious critics who claimed that they continued underground and were responsible for the French Revolution. In subsequent use, "Illuminati" refers to various organisations which claim or are purported to have links to the original Bavarian Illuminati or similar secret societies, though these links are unsubstantiated. They are often alleged to conspire to control world affairs, by masterminding events and planting agents in government and corporations, in order to gain political power and influence and to establish a New World Order. Central to some of the most widely known and elaborate conspiracy theories, the Illuminati have been depicted as lurking in the shadows and pulling the strings and levers of power in dozens of novels, movies, television shows, comics, video games and music videos. Image: Adam Weishaupt (1748–1830), founder of the Bavarian Illuminati

Answer 1256

A unit of weight for precious stones, equal to 200 milligrams.

Answer 1257

(kôr′nĭsh) adj. Of or relating to Cornwall, its people, or the Cornish language. n. 1. The Brittonic language of Cornwall, which has been extinct since the late 1700s. 2. Any of an English breed of domestic chickens often crossbred to produce roasters. [Corn(wall) + -ish.]

Answer 1258

(kē, kā, kwā) n. A wharf or reinforced bank for the loading or unloading of ships or boats. [Middle English keye, from Old North French cai, of Celtic origin.]

Answer 1259

(spĕk′tər) n. 1. A ghostly apparition; a phantom. 2. A haunting or disturbing image or prospect: the terrible specter of nuclear war. [French spectre, from Latin spectrum, appearance, apparition; see spectrum.]

Answer 1260

(pĕr′ə-grĭn, -grēn′) n. A peregrine falcon. adj. 1. Roving or wandering. 2. Archaic Foreign; alien. [Middle English, from Old French, from Medieval Latin peregrīnus, wandering, pilgrim, from Latin, foreigner, from pereger, being abroad : per-, through; see ager in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1261

In cryptozoology and sometimes in cryptobotany, both pseudosciences, a cryptid (from the Greek κρύπτω, krypto, meaning "hide") is an animal or plant whose existence has been suggested but has not been discovered or documented by the scientific community. Cryptids often appear in folklore and mythology, leading to stories and unfounded belief about their existence. Well-known examples include the Yeti in the Himalayas, the Loch Ness Monster in Scotland, Sasquatch in North America, and the Chupacabra in Latin America.

Answer 1262

(rē′ə-fī′, rā′-) tr.v. re·i·fied, re·i·fy·ing, re·i·fies To regard or treat (an abstraction) as if it had concrete or material existence. [Latin rēs, rē-, thing; see re- in Indo-European roots + -fy.] re′i·fi·ca′tion (-fĭ-kā′shən) n. re′i·fi′er n.

Answer 1263

(ə-bā′əns) n. 1. The condition of being temporarily set aside; suspension: held the plan in abeyance. 2. Law A condition of undetermined ownership, as of an interest in an estate that has not yet vested. [Anglo-Norman, variant of Old French abeance, desire, from abaer, to gape at : a-, at (from Latin ad-; see ad-) + baer, to gape; see bay.] a·bey′ant adj.

Answer 1264

n. One employed to protect and maintain game birds and other game animals, especially on an estate or game preserve.

Answer 1265

n. Any of various primates of the family Hominidae, which includes orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, and modern humans, and their extinct relatives. The family formerly included only Homo sapiens, extinct species of Homo, and the extinct genus Australopithecus. [From New Latin Hominidae, family name, from Latin homō, homin-, man; see dhghem- in Indo-European roots.] hom′i·nid adj.

Answer 1266

(hə-rē′zē-ärk′, hĕr′ĭ-sē-) n. One who originates or is the chief proponent of a heresy or heretical movement. [Late Latin haeresiarcha, from Late Greek hairesiarkhēs : Greek hairesis, sect; see heresy + Greek -arkhēs, -arch.]

Answer 1267

(ĕm-brā′zhər) n. 1. An opening in a thick wall for a door or window, especially one with sides angled so that the opening is larger on the inside of the wall than on the outside. 2. A flared opening for a gun in a wall or parapet. [French, from embraser, to widen an opening.] em·bra′sured adj.

Answer 1268

(vā′gə-rē, və-gâr′ē) n. pl. va·ga·ries 1. An unpredictable development or change of circumstances: the vagaries of mountain weather; the vagaries of business travel. 2. An extravagant or erratic notion or action: could not explain the vagaries of his behavior. [From Latin vagārī, to wander, from vagus, wandering.]

Answer 1269

In Norse mythology, Thor is a hammer-wielding god associated with thunder, lightning, storms, oak trees, strength, the protection of mankind, and also hallowing, healing and fertility. Ultimately stemming from Proto-Indo-European religion, Thor is a prominently mentioned god throughout the recorded history of the Germanic peoples. Thor is the husband of the golden-haired goddess Sif, is the lover of the jötunn Járnsaxa, and is generally described as fierce-eyed, red-haired and red-bearded. With Sif, Thor fathered the goddess (and possible valkyrie) Þrúðr; with Járnsaxa, he fathered Magni; with a mother whose name is not recorded, he fathered Móði, and he is the stepfather of the god Ullr. The same sources list Thor as the son of the god Odin and the personified earth, Fjörgyn, and by way of Odin, Thor has numerous brothers. Thor has two servants, Þjálfi and Röskva, rides in a cart or chariot pulled by two goats, Tanngrisnir and Tanngnjóstr (that he eats and resurrects), and is ascribed three dwellings (Bilskirnir, Þrúðheimr, and Þrúðvangr). Thor wields the mountain-crushing hammer, Mjölnir. Thor's exploits, including his relentless slaughter of his foes and fierce battles with the monstrous serpent Jörmungandr—and their foretold mutual deaths during the events of Ragnarök—are recorded throughout sources for Norse mythology.

Answer 1270

(ĭn′grĕs′) n. 1. also in·gres·sion (ĭn-grĕsh′ən) A going in or entering. 2. Right or permission to enter. 3. A means or place of entering.

Answer 1271

v. mold·ered, mold·er·ing, mold·ers v.intr. To crumble to dust; disintegrate. See Synonyms at decay. v.tr. To cause to crumble. Brit: moulder

Answer 1272

(zôr′ō-ăs′tər) or Zar·a·thu·stra (zăr′ə-tho͞o′strə) In Zoroastrian tradition, the Iranian prophet who founded Zoroastrianism. The Avesta describes his reception of a revelation from Ahura Mazda and other events in his life, traditionally dated to the 6th century bc.

Answer 1273

(ro͞o′brĭk) n. 1. a. A class or category: "This mission is sometimes discussed under the rubric of 'horizontal escalation' ... from conventional to nuclear war" (Jack Beatty). b. A title; a name. 2. A part of a manuscript or book, such as a title, heading, or initial letter, that appears in decorative red lettering or is otherwise distinguished from the rest of the text. 3. A title or heading of a statute or chapter in a code of law. 4. Ecclesiastical A direction in a missal, hymnal, or other liturgical book. 5. An authoritative rule or direction. 6. A short commentary or explanation covering a broad subject. 7. Red ocher. adj. 1. Red or reddish. 2. Written in red. [Middle English rubrike, heading, title, from Old French rubrique, from Latin rubrīca, red chalk , from ruber, rubr-, red; see reudh- in Indo-European roots.] ru′bri·cal adj.

Answer 1274

also pe·an (pē′ən) n. 1. A song of joyful praise or exultation. 2. A fervent expression of joy or praise: "The art ... was a paean to paganism" (Will Durant). 3. An ancient Greek hymn of thanksgiving or invocation, especially to Apollo. [Latin paeān, hymn of thanksgiving, often addressed to Apollo, from Greek paiān, from Paiā, a title of Apollo.] pae′an·is′tic (-ĭs′tĭk) adj.

Answer 1275

(pôrt-kŭl′ĭs) n. A grating of iron or wooden bars or slats, suspended in the gateway of a fortified place and lowered to block passage. [Middle English port-colice, from Old French porte coleice, sliding gate : porte, gate (from Latin porta; see per- in Indo-European roots) + coleice, feminine of coleis, sliding (from Vulgar Latin \*cōlātīcius, from Latin cōlātus, past participle of cōlāre, to filter, strain, from cōlum, sieve).]

Answer 1276

(tăf′ĭ-tə) n. A crisp, smooth, plain-woven fabric with a slight sheen, made of various fibers, such as silk, rayon, or nylon, and used especially for women's garments. adj. Made of or resembling this fabric. [Middle English taffata, from Old French taffetas, from Old Italian taffetà, from Persian tāfta, silk or linen cloth, from past participle of tāftan, to twist, spin.]

Answer 1277

(ĕr′ə-bəs) n 1. (Classical Myth & Legend) the god of darkness, son of Chaos and brother of Night 2. (Classical Myth & Legend) the darkness below the earth, thought to be the abode of the dead or the region they pass through on their way to Hades n 1. (Placename) Mount Erebus a volcano in Antarctica, on Ross Island: discovered by Sir James Ross in 1841 and named after his ship. Height: 3794 m (12 448 ft) In Greek mythology, Erebus was often conceived as a primordial deity, representing the personification of darkness; for instance, Hesiod's Theogony identifies him as one of the first five beings in existence, born of Chaos. Erebus features little in Greek mythological tradition and literature, but is said to have fathered several other deities with Nyx; depending on the source of the mythology, this union includes Aether, Hemera, the Hesperides, Hypnos, the Moirai, Geras, Styx, Charon, and Thanatos. In Greek literature the name Erebus is also used of a region of the Greek underworld where the dead pass immediately after dying, and is sometimes used interchangeably with Tartarus.

Answer 1278

(măl′thəs), 1766-1834. British economist who wrote An Essay on the Principle of Population (1798), arguing that population tends to increase faster than food supply, with inevitably disastrous results, unless the increase in population is checked by moral restraints or by war, famine, and disease. Mal·thu′sian (-tho͞o′zhən, -zē-ən) adj. & n. Mal·thu′sian·ism n.

Answer 1279

To bring about; effect.

Answer 1280

apostasy (ə-pŏs′tə-sē) n. pl. a·pos·ta·sies Abandonment of one's religious faith, a political party, one's principles, or a cause. * * * apostate (ə-pŏs′tāt′, -tĭt) n. One who has abandoned one's religious faith, a political party, one's principles, or a cause. [Middle English, from Old French, from Late Latin apostata, from Greek apostatēs, from aphistanai, to revolt; see apostasy.] a·pos′tate′ adj.

Answer 1281

or Hek·a·te (hĕk′ə-tē, hĕk′ĭt) Hecate or Hekate is a goddess in Greek religion and mythology, most often shown holding two torches or a key and in later periods depicted in triple form. She was variously associated with crossroads, entrance-ways, dogs, light, the moon, magic, witchcraft, knowledge of herbs and poisonous plants, ghosts, necromancy, and sorcery. In the post-Christian writings of the Chaldean Oracles (2nd-3rd century CE) she was regarded with (some) rulership over earth, sea and sky, as well as a more universal role as Saviour (Soteira), Mother of Angels and the Cosmic World Soul. She was one of the main deities worshiped in Athenian households as a protective goddess and one who bestowed prosperity and daily blessings on the family. Hecate may have originated among the Carians of Anatolia, where variants of her name are found as names given to children. William Berg observes, "Since children are not called after spooks, it is safe to assume that Carian theophoric names involving hekat- refer to a major deity free from the dark and unsavoury ties to the underworld and to witchcraft associated with the Hecate of classical Athens." She also closely parallels the Roman goddess Trivia, with whom she was identified in Rome.

Answer 1282

(shə-toi′ənt) adj. Having a changeable luster. n. A chatoyant stone or gemstone, such as the cat's-eye. [French, present participle of chatoyer, to shimmer like cats' eyes, from chat, cat, from Vulgar Latin \*cattus, perhaps of African origin.] cha·toy′an·cy n.

Answer 1283

(mōv) n. A moderate grayish violet to reddish purple. mauve adj.

Answer 1284

intr.v. saun·tered, saun·ter·ing, saun·ters To walk at a leisurely pace; stroll. n. 1. A leisurely pace. 2. A leisurely walk or stroll. saun′ter·er n.

Answer 1285

(pə-lăv′ər, -lä′vər) n. 1. a. Idle chatter. b. Talk intended to charm or beguile. 2. A negotiation or discussion concerning matters in dispute, especially in the traditional cultures of West Africa. v. pa·lav·ered, pa·lav·er·ing, pa·lav·ers v.intr. To talk idly or at length. v.tr. Archaic To flatter or cajole. [Portuguese palavra, speech, alteration of Late Latin parabola, speech, parable; see parable.]

Answer 1286

(sŏp′ə-rĭf′ĭk, sō′pə-) adj. 1. Inducing or tending to induce sleep. 2. Drowsy. n. A drug or other substance that induces sleep; a hypnotic.

Answer 1287

n. 1. Hard fat obtained from parts of the bodies of cattle, sheep, or horses, and used in foodstuffs or to make candles, leather dressing, soap, and lubricants. 2. Any of various similar fats, such as those obtained from plants. tr. v. tal·lowed, tal·low·ing, tal·lows 1. To smear or cover with tallow. 2. To fatten (animals) in order to obtain tallow. tal′low·y adj.

Answer 1288

tr. v. strewed, strewn (stro͞on) or strewed, strew·ing, strews 1. To spread here and there; scatter or distribute: strewing flowers down the aisle. 2. To distribute something over (an area or surface): "Italy ... was strewn thick with the remains of Roman buildings" (Bernard Berenson). 3. To be or become dispersed over (a surface): "Enemy is retiring ... His dead men and horses strew the roads" (Jeb Stuart). 4. To spread (something) over a wide area; disseminate.

Answer 1289

(ănd′ī′ərn) n. One of a pair of metal supports used for holding up logs in a fireplace. Also called dog; also called regionally dog iron, firedog. [Middle English aundiren, alteration (influenced by Middle English iren, iron) of Old French andier, probably from Gaulish \*anderos, young bull (andirons often being decorated with ornaments shaped like the heads of animals); akin to Welsh anner, heifer.] Our Living Language A number of words that formerly were limited to one region of the United States are now used throughout the country. Andiron was once Northern, contrasting with Southern dog iron and firedog. The Southern terms remain limited to that region, but andiron is now everywhere. Other formerly Northern words that have become national include faucet, contrasting with Southern spigot and frying pan, contrasting with Midland and Upper Southern skillet. Southern words that are now used nationwide include feisty and gutters.

Answer 1290

n. Mathematics The power to which a base, such as 10, must be raised to produce a given number. If nx = a, the logarithm of a, with n as the base, is x; symbolically, logn a = x. For example, 103 = 1,000; therefore, log10 1,000 = 3. The kinds most often used are the common logarithm (base 10), the natural logarithm (base e), and the binary logarithm (base 2). [New Latin logarithmus : Greek logos, reason, proportion; see leg- in Indo-European roots + Greek arithmos, number; see ar- in Indo-European roots.] log′a·rith′mic (-rĭth′mĭk), log′a·rith′mi·cal (-mĭ-kəl) adj. log′a·rith′mi·cal·ly adv.

Answer 1291

v. a·but·ted, a·but·ting, a·buts v.intr. To touch or end at one end or side; lie adjacent. v. tr. 1. To border upon or end at; be next to. 2. To support as an abutment. [Middle English abutten, from Old French abouter, to border on (a-, to from Latin ad-; see bouter in Indo-European roots) and from Old French abuter, to end at (from but, end; see butt).] a·but′ter n.

Answer 1292

(trĕn′chənt) adj. 1. Forceful and clear; penetrating: a trenchant argument. 2. Caustic; cutting: a trenchant wit. 3. Distinct; clear-cut: "The times were felt to require ... trenchant distinctions between good and bad, right and wrong" [Middle English, from Old French, cutting, from present participle of trenchier, to cut; see trench.] trench′an·cy n. trench′ant·ly adv.

Answer 1293

1. Tending to rouse ill will, animosity, or resentment: invidious accusations. 2. Offensive and unfair: invidious distinctions.

Answer 1294

(ĭg-zŭl′tənt) adj. Marked by great joy or jubilation; triumphant. ex·ul′tant·ly adv.

Answer 1295

Trotskyism is the theory of Marxism as advocated by Leon Trotsky. Trotsky identified as an orthodox Marxist and Bolshevik-Leninist, and supported founding a vanguard party of the working-class, proletarian internationalism, and a dictatorship of the proletariat based on working-class self-emancipation and mass democracy. Trotskyists are critical of Marxism-Leninism, as they oppose the idea of Socialism in One Country. Trotskyists also criticise the bureaucracy that developed under the Stalin period of the USSR. Vladimir Lenin and Trotsky were close both ideologically and personally during the Russian Revolution and its aftermath, and some call Trotsky its "co-leader". However, Lenin criticized Trotsky's ideas and intra-Party political habits. Trotsky was the paramount leader of the Soviet Red Army in the direct aftermath of the Revolutionary period. Trotsky originally opposed some aspects of Leninism. Later, he concluded that unity between the Mensheviks and Bolsheviks was impossible, and joined the Bolsheviks. Trotsky played a leading role with Lenin in the revolution. Assessing Trotsky, Lenin wrote, "Trotsky long ago said that unification is impossible. Trotsky understood this and from that time on there has been no better Bolshevik." Trotsky's Fourth International was established in France in 1938 when Trotskyists argued that the Comintern or Third International had become irretrievably "lost to Stalinism" and thus incapable of leading the international working class to political power. In contemporary English language usage, an advocate of Trotsky's ideas is often called a "Trotskyist"; a Trotskyist can be called a "Trotskyite" or "Trot", especially by a critic of Trotskyism.

Answer 1296

1. Injurious or harmful in effect; adverse: habits inimical to good health. 2. Unfriendly; hostile: a cold, inimical voice.

Answer 1297

(ĭn-sĕn′sāt′, -sĭt) adj. 1. a. Lacking sensation or awareness; inanimate. b. Unconscious. 2. Lacking sensibility; unfeeling: "a predatory, insensate society in which innocence and decency can prove fatal" (Peter S. Prescott). 3. a. Lacking sense or the power to reason. b. Foolish; witless. in·sen′sate′ly adv. in·sen′sate′ness n.

Answer 1298

(kwŏ-dro͞on′) n. A person having white ancestors except for one black grandparent. Used especially as a classification under certain European colonial legal systems and now considered offensive. [Alteration of Spanish cuarterón, from cuarto, quarter, from Latin quārtus; see kwetwer- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1299

n. pl. ser·en·dip·i·ties 1. The faculty of making fortunate discoveries by accident. 2. The fact or occurrence of such discoveries. 3. An instance of making such a discovery. [From the characters in the Persian fairy tale The Three Princes of Serendip, who made such discoveries, from Persian Sarandīp, Sri Lanka, from Arabic Sarandīb, ultimately from Sanskrit Siṃhaladvīpaḥ : Siṃhalaḥ, Sri Lanka + dvīpaḥ, island; see Dhivehi.] ser′en·dip′i·tous adj. ser′en·dip′i·tous·ly adv. Word History: We are indebted to the English author Horace Walpole for the word serendipity, which he coined in one of the 3,000 or more letters on which (along with his novel The Castle of Otranto, considered the first Gothic novel) his literary reputation rests. In a letter of January 28, 1754, in which he discusses a certain painting, Walpole mentions a discovery about the significance of a Venetian coat of arms that he has made while looking at random into an old book—a method by which he had apparently made other worthwhile discoveries before: "This discovery I made by a talisman [a procedure achieving results like a charm] ... by which I find everything I want ... wherever I dip for it. This discovery, indeed, is almost of that kind which I call Serendipity, a very expressive word." Walpole formed the word on an old name for Sri Lanka, Serendip. He explained that this name was part of the title of "a silly fairy tale, called The Three Princes of Serendip: as their highnesses travelled, they were always making discoveries, by accidents and sagacity, of things which they were not in quest of...."

Answer 1300

or adz (ădz) n. An axlike tool with a curved blade at right angles to the handle, used for shaping wood. [Middle English adese, from Old English adesa.]

Answer 1301

(ăn-tĭp′ə-dēz′) pl. n. 1. Any two places or regions that are on diametrically opposite sides of the earth. 2. (used with a sing. or pl. verb) Something that is the exact opposite or contrary of another; an antipode. [Middle English, people with feet opposite ours, from Latin, from Greek, from pl. of antipous, with the feet opposite : anti-, anti- + pous, pod-, foot; see ped- in Indo-European roots.] an·tip′o·de′an adj.

Answer 1302

(hăd′ək) n. pl. haddock or had·docks A food fish (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) of northern Atlantic waters, closely related to and resembling the cod, but having a dark spot above each pectoral fin.

Answer 1303

n. A figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared, often in a phrase introduced by like or as, as in "How like the winter hath my absence been" or "So are you to my thoughts as food to life" (Shakespeare). [Middle English, from Latin, likeness, comparison, from neuter of similis, like; see similar.]

Answer 1304

(măt′rə-lĭn′ē-əl) adj. Relating to, based on, or tracing ancestral descent through the maternal line. mat′ri·lin′e·al·ly adv.

Answer 1305

n. An instrument for measuring time by the running of sand. See Hourglass.

Answer 1306

The hippocampus (named after its resemblance to the seahorse, from the Greek ἱππόκαμπος, "seahorse" from ἵππος hippos, "horse" and κάμπος kampos, "sea monster") is a major component of the brains of humans and other vertebrates. Humans and other mammals have two hippocampi, one in each side of the brain. It belongs to the limbic system and plays important roles in the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory and spatial navigation.

Answer 1307

(sā′tə-rī′ə-sĭs, săt′ə-) n. Unrestrained sexual behavior by a man. [Late Latin satyriāsis, from Greek saturiāsis, from saturos, satyr.]

Answer 1308

n. 1. a. A recess, such as a bay or cove, along a coast. b. A stream or bay leading inland, as from the ocean; an estuary. c. A narrow passage of water, as between two islands. d. A drainage passage, as to a culvert. 2. An opening providing a means of entrance or intake.

Answer 1309

or ga·nof also gon·if (gä′nəf) n. A thief, scoundrel, or rascal. [Yiddish, from Hebrew gannāb, to steal; see gnb in Semitic roots.]

Answer 1310

Luckless; unfortunate. See Synonyms at unfortunate.

Answer 1311

also pat·in (păt′n) n. 1. A plate, usually of gold or silver, that is used to hold the host during the celebration of the Eucharist. Also called patina. 2. A plate or shallow dish, especially an artifact from an ancient civilization. 3. A thin disk of or resembling metal. [Middle English, from Old French patene, from Medieval Latin patina, from Latin, pan, from Greek patanē, platter; see petə- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1312

(lī-bā′shən) n. 1. a. The pouring of a liquid offering as a religious ritual. b. The liquid so poured. 2. Informal a. A beverage, especially an intoxicating beverage. b. The act of drinking an intoxicating beverage.

Answer 1313

adj. 1. Pertinent or common to the whole world: an issue of cosmopolitan import. 2. Having constituent elements from all over the world or from many different parts of the world: the ancient and cosmopolitan societies of Syria and Egypt. 3. So sophisticated as to be at home in all parts of the world or conversant with many spheres of interest: a cosmopolitan traveler. 4. Ecology Growing or occurring in many parts of the world; widely distributed. n. 1. A cosmopolitan person or organism; a cosmopolite. 2. A cocktail made of vodka, orange liqueur, cranberry juice, and lime juice. cos′mo·pol′i·tan·ism n.

Answer 1314

dī-ăf′ə-nəs 1. Sufficiently or as to be translucent: a diaphanous gown; diaphanous gauze. 2. Of composition as to be easily damaged or broken; delicate: diaphanous butterfly wings.

Answer 1315

(vĭs′ər-ə) pl. n. 1. The soft internal organs of the body, especially those contained within the abdominal and thoracic cavities. 2. The intestines.

Answer 1316

n. 1. A building for human habitation, especially one that is rented to tenants. 2. A rundown, low-rental apartment building whose facilities and maintenance barely meet minimum standards. 3. Chiefly British An apartment or room leased to a tenant. 4. Law A property of a permanent nature that is possessed or owned, such as land or a building, along with the rights associated with such possession or ownership. [Middle English, house, from Old French, from Medieval Latin tenēmentum, from Latin tenēre, to hold; see ten- in Indo-European roots.] ten′e·men′tal (-mĕn′tl) adj.

Answer 1317

n 1. (Historical Terms) (formerly) a detachment of men used to press civilians for service in the navy or army vb (tr) 2. (Historical Terms) to force (a person) to join the navy or army by a press gang 3. to induce (a person) to perform a duty by forceful persuasion: his friends press-ganged him into joining the committee.

Answer 1318

1. A low-growing Eurasian shrub (Calluna vulgaris) in the heath family, growing in dense masses and having small evergreen leaves and clusters of small, bell-shaped pinkish-purple flowers. Also called ling. 2. See heath. 3. A grayish purple to purplish red.

Answer 1319

(dĭl′ĭ-tänt′, dĭl′ĭ-tänt′, -tănt′) n. pl. dil·et·tantes also dil·et·tan·ti (-tän′tē) 1. One who dabbles in an art or a field of knowledge. 2. Archaic A lover of the fine arts. adj. Superficial; amateurish. [Italian, lover of the arts, from present participle of dilettare, to delight, from Latin dēlectāre; see delight.] dil′et·tan′tish adj. dil′et·tan′tism n.

Answer 1320

(ĭn-vī′ə-lĭt) adj. Not violated or profaned; intact: "The great inviolate place had an ancient permanence which the sea cannot claim" (Thomas Hardy). [Middle English, from Latin inviolātus : in-, not; see in-1 + violātus, past participle of violāre, to violate; see violate.] in·vi′o·la·cy (-lə-sē), in·vi′o·late·ness n. in·vi′o·late·ly adv.

Answer 1321

Ra /rɑː/ or Re /reɪ/ is the ancient Egyptian solar deity. By the Fifth Dynasty (2494 to 2345 BCE) he had become a major god in ancient Egyptian religion, identified primarily with the midday sun. In later Egyptian dynastic times, Ra was merged with the god Horus, as Ra-Horakhty ("Ra, who is Horus of the Two Horizons"). He was believed to rule in all parts of the created world: the sky, the earth, and the underworld. He was associated with the falcon or hawk. When in the New Kingdom the god Amun rose to prominence he was fused with Ra as Amun-Ra. During the Amarna Period, Akhenaten suppressed the cult of Ra in favour of another solar deity, the Aten, the deified solar disc, but after the death of Akhenaten the cult of Ra was restored. The cult of the Mnevis bull, an embodiment of Ra, had its centre in Heliopolis and there was a formal burial ground for the sacrificed bulls north of the city. All forms of life were believed to have been created by Ra, who called each of them into existence by speaking their secret names. Alternatively humans were created from Ra's tears and sweat, hence the Egyptians call themselves the "Cattle of Ra." In the myth of the Celestial Cow it is recounted how mankind plotted against Ra and how he sent his eye as the goddess Sekhmet to punish them. When she became bloodthirsty she was pacified by drinking beer mixed with red dye.

Answer 1322

(ro͞om) n. A watery or thin mucous discharge from the eyes or nose. rheum′y adj.

Answer 1323

(sĭm′yə-lā′krəm, -lăk′rəm) n. pl. sim·u·la·cra (-lā′krə, -lăk′rə) 1. An image or representation. 2. An unreal or vague semblance. [Latin simulācrum (from simulāre, to simulate; see simulate) + -crum, n. suff.]

Answer 1324

(lə-sĭv′ē-əs) adj. 1. Given to or expressing lust; lecherous. 2. Exciting sexual desires; salacious. [Middle English, from Late Latin lascīviōsus, from Latin lascīvia, lewdness, playfulness, from lascīvus, lustful, playful; see las- in Indo-European roots.] las·civ′i·ous·ly adv. las·civ′i·ous·ness n.

Answer 1325

Gnosticism (from Ancient Greek: gnostikos, "learned", from gnōsis, knowledge) describes a collection of ancient religions whose adherents shunned the material world – which they viewed as created by the demiurge – and embraced the spiritual world. Gnostic ideas influenced many ancient religions that teach that gnosis (variously interpreted as knowledge, enlightenment, salvation, emancipation or 'oneness with God') may be reached by practicing philanthropy to the point of personal poverty, sexual abstinence (as far as possible for hearers, entirely for initiates) and diligently searching for wisdom by helping others. However, practices varied among those who were Gnostic. In Gnosticism, the world of the demiurge is represented by the lower world, which is associated with matter, flesh, time and, more particularly, an imperfect, ephemeral world. The world of God is represented by the upper world and is associated with the soul and perfection. The world of God is eternal and not part of the physical. It is impalpable and timeless. Gnosticism is primarily defined in a Christian context. In the past, some scholars thought that gnosticism predated Christianity and included pre-Christian religious beliefs and spiritual practices argued to be common to early Christianity, Neoplatonism, Hellenistic Judaism, Greco-Roman mystery religions, and Zoroastrianism (especially Zurvanism). The discussion of gnosticism changed radically with the discovery of the Nag Hammadi library and led to a revision of older assumptions. To date, no pre-Christian gnostic texts have been found, and gnosticism as a unique and recognizable belief system is considered to be a second century (or later) development. The Mandaean religion preserves one system of Gnostic belief. Cf. Cainism, Manichaeism, Valentinianism.

Answer 1326

(ĭ-skärp′mənt) n. 1. A steep slope or long cliff that results from erosion or faulting and separates two relatively level areas of differing elevations. 2. A steep slope in front of a fortification.

Answer 1327

adj. droll·er, droll·est Amusingly odd or whimsically comical. n. Archaic A buffoon.

Answer 1328

v. pre·var·i·cat·ed, pre·var·i·cat·ing, pre·var·i·cates v. intr. 1. To speak or write evasively; equivocate. See Synonyms at lie. 2. To behave in an evasive or indecisive manner, usually in delay: "For months, Lennox prevaricated but at last ... he accepted the inevitable and left Scotland for France" (Magnus Magnusson). v.tr. To utter or say in an evasive manner. [Latin praevāricārī, praevāricāt-, to straddle across (something), collude (used of lawyers) : prae-, pre- + vāricāre, to straddle (from vāricus, straddling, from vārus, bow-legged, bandy).] pre·var′i·ca′tion n. pre·var′i·ca′tor n.

Answer 1329

(ĭ-nē′əs) n. Greek & Roman Mythology The Trojan hero of Virgil's epic poem, the Aeneid, and son of Anchises and Aphrodite. He escaped the sack of Troy and wandered for seven years before settling in Italy. In Greco-Roman mythology, Aeneas (/aɪˈniːəs/; possibly derived from Greek αἰνή meaning "praised") was a Trojan hero, the son of the prince Anchises and the goddess Venus (Aphrodite). His father was the second cousin of King Priam of Troy, making Aeneas Priam's second cousin, once removed. He is a character in Greek mythology and is mentioned in Homer's Iliad. Aeneas receives full treatment in Roman mythology, most extensively in Virgil's Aeneid where he is an ancestor of Romulus and Remus. He became the first true hero of Rome.

Answer 1330

(săr′ə-sən) n. 1. A member of a pre-Islamic nomadic people of the Syrian and Arabian Deserts. 2. A Muslim, especially of the time of the Crusades. Sar′a·cen′ic (-sĕn′ĭk) adj.

Answer 1331

n 1. (Protestantism) a member of the Religious Society of Friends, a Christian sect founded by George Fox about 1650, whose central belief is the doctrine of the Inner Light. Quakers reject sacraments, ritual, and formal ministry, hold meetings at which any member may speak, and have promoted many causes for social reform adj 2. (Protestantism) of, relating to, or designating the Religious Society of Friends or its religious beliefs or practices [C17: originally a derogatory nickname, alluding either to their alleged ecstatic fits, or to George Fox's injunction to "quake at the word of the Lord"] ˈ Quakeress fem n Quakerish adj Quakerism n

Answer 1332

A three-masted schooner.

Answer 1333

(ĭn-do͞os′, -dyo͞os′) tr. v. in·duced, in·duc·ing, in·duc·es 1. To lead or move, as to a course of action, by influence or persuasion. See Synonyms at persuade. 2. To bring about or stimulate the occurrence of; cause: a drug used to induce labor. 3. To infer by inductive reasoning. 4. Physics a. To produce (an electric current or a magnetic charge) by induction. b. To produce (radioactivity, for example) artificially by bombardment of a substance with neutrons, gamma rays, and other particles. 5. Biochemistry To initiate or increase the production of (an enzyme or other protein) at the level of genetic transcription. 6. Genetics To cause an increase in the transcription of the RNA of (a gene).

Answer 1334

William Law (1686 – 1761) was a Church of England priest who lost his position at Emmanuel College, Cambridge when his conscience would not allow him to take the required oath of allegiance to the first Hanoverian monarch, George I. Law had previously given his allegiance to the House of Stuart and is sometimes considered a second-generation non-juror. Thereafter, Law first continued as a simple priest (curate) and when that too became impossible without the required oath, Law taught privately, as well as wrote extensively. His personal integrity, as well as mystic and theological writing greatly influenced the evangelical movement of his day as well as Enlightenment thinkers such as the writer Dr Samuel Johnson and the historian Edward Gibbon. In his later years, Law became an admirer of Jakob Böhme, the German Christian mystic. From his meeting with the works of Böhme, about 1734, mysticism appeared in his works. These mystical tendencies separated Law from the practical-minded Wesley.

Answer 1335

n. pl. fe·lic·i·ties 1. a. Great happiness; bliss. b. An instance of great happiness. 2. A cause or source of happiness. 3. a. An appropriate and pleasing manner or style: felicity of expression. b. An instance of appropriate and pleasing manner or style. 4. Archaic Good fortune.

Answer 1336

adj. 1. Of, relating to, or having the shape of an ellipse. 2. Containing or characterized by ellipsis. 3. a. Of or relating to extreme economy of oral or written expression. b. Marked by deliberate obscurity of style or expression. [New Latin ellīpticus, from Greek elleiptikos, defective, from elleipsis, a falling short, ellipsis; see ellipsis.] el·lip′ti·cal·ly adv.

Answer 1337

n. 1. One that interferes with the affairs of others, often for selfish reasons; a meddler. 2. One that intrudes in a place, situation, or activity: "When these interlopers choke out native species, ecologists see a danger signal" (William K. Stevens). 3. Archaic a. One that trespasses on a trade monopoly, as by conducting unauthorized trade in an area designated to a chartered company. b. A ship or other vessel used in such trade. in′ter·lope′ v.

Answer 1338

Empedocles (//; Greek: Ἐμπεδοκλῆς [empedoklɛ̂ːs], Empedoklēs; c. 490 – c. 430 BC) was a Greek pre-Socratic philosopher and a citizen of Agrigentum, a Greek city in Sicily. Empedocles' philosophy is best known for being the originator of the cosmogenic theory of the four Classical elements. He also proposed powers called Love and Strife which would act as forces to bring about the mixture and separation of the elements. Empedocles is generally considered the last Greek philosopher to record his ideas in verse. Some of his work survives, more than in the case of any other Presocratic philosopher. Empedocles' death was mythologized by ancient writers, and has been the subject of a number of literary treatments.

Answer 1339

(hē′lē-ə-stăt′) n. An instrument in which a mirror is automatically moved so that it reflects sunlight in a constant direction. It is used with a pyrheliometer to make continuous measurements of solar radiation.

Answer 1340

adj. 1. Having battlements. 2. Indented; notched: a crenelated wall. [Probably from French créneler, to furnish with battlements, from Old French crenel, crenelation, diminutive of cren, notch; see cranny.] cren′e·la′tion n.

Answer 1341

(tī′fəs) n. Any of several forms of infectious disease caused by rickettsia, especially those transmitted by fleas, lice, or mites, and characterized generally by severe headache, sustained high fever, depression, delirium, and the eruption of red rashes on the skin. Also called prison fever, ship fever, typhus fever. [New Latin tȳphus, from Greek tūphos, stupor arising from a fever, vapor, from tūphein, to smoke.] ty′phous (-fəs) adj.

Answer 1342

(grăs′əl, -īl′) adj. 1. Gracefully slender. 2. Graceful. gra·cil′i·ty (grə-sĭl′ĭ-tē) n.

Answer 1343

(sŭn′drē) adj. Various; miscellaneous: a purse containing sundry items. [Middle English sundri, from Old English syndrig, separate.]

Answer 1344

(skĭf) n. A flatbottom open boat of shallow draft, having a pointed bow and a square stern and propelled by oars, sail, or motor. [Middle English skif, from Old French esquif, from Old Italian schifo, of Germanic origin.]

Answer 1345

adj. blith·er, blith·est 1. Carefree and lighthearted. 2. Lacking or showing a lack of due concern; casual: spoke with blithe ignorance of the true situation. [Middle English, from Old English blīthe.] blithe′ly adv. blithe′ness n.

Answer 1346

(pĭp′ĭn) n. 1. Any of several varieties of apple. 2. The seed of a fleshy fruit; a pip. 3. Informal A person or thing that is admired.

Answer 1347

(yo͞o) n. A female sheep, especially when full grown.

Answer 1348

The Society of the Friends of the Constitution, commonly known as the Jacobin Club, was the most famous and influential political club in the development of the French Revolution. There were at least 7,000 chapters throughout France, with a membership estimated at a half million or more. At their height in 1793–94, the club leaders were the most radical and egalitarian group in the Revolution. Led by Maximilien de Robespierre (1758–1794), they controlled the government from June 1793 to July 1794, passed a great deal of radical legislation, and hunted down and executed their opponents in the Reign of Terror. After the fall of Robespierre, a more conservative reaction took place. The club was closed and many of its leaders were executed. Today, Jacobin and Jacobinism are used in a variety of senses. "Jacobin" is sometimes used in Britain as a pejorative for radical, left-wing revolutionary politics, especially when it exhibits dogmatism and violent repression. In France, "Jacobin" now generally indicates a supporter of a centralized republican state and strong central government powers and/or supporters of extensive government intervention to transform society. It is also used in other related senses, indicating proponents of a state education system which strongly promotes and inculcates civic values, and proponents of a strong nation-state capable of resisting any undesirable foreign interference.

Answer 1349

(swôr′thē) adj. swarth·i·er, swarth·i·est Having a dark complexion or color. [Alteration of swarty, from swart.] swarth′i·ly adv. swarth′i·ness n.

Answer 1350

intr.v. blenched, blench·ing, blench·es To draw back or shy away, as from fear; flinch. v.t. to whiten; blanch.

Answer 1351

adj. stol·id·er, stol·id·est Having or revealing little emotion or sensibility; impassive: "the incredibly massive and stolid bureaucracy of the Soviet system" (John Kenneth Galbraith). [Latin stolidus, stupid; see stel- in Indo-European roots.] sto·lid′i·ty (stŏ-lĭd′ĭ-tē, stə-), stol′id·ness (stŏl′ĭd-nĭs) n. stol′id·ly adv.

Answer 1352

(sûr′sēs′, sər-sēs′) tr. & intr.v. sur·ceased, sur·ceas·ing, sur·ceas·es To bring or come to an end; stop. n. Cessation. [Middle English surcesen, variant (influenced by cesen, to cease) of sursesen, from Anglo-Norman surseser, from Old French surseoir, sursis-, to refrain, from Latin supersedēre; see supersede.]

Answer 1353

adj. un·gain·li·er, un·gain·li·est 1. Lacking grace or ease of movement or form; clumsy. 2. Difficult to move or use; unwieldy. [un- + obsolete gainly, proper (from Middle English gainli, from gain, from Old Norse gegn, direct).] un·gain′li·ness n.

Answer 1354

1. Placed before or in front. 2. Occurring before in time; earlier. 3. Anatomy a. Located near or toward the head in lower animals. b. Located on or near the front of the body in higher animals. c. Located on or near the front of an organ or on the ventral surface of the body in humans. 4. Botany In front of and facing away from the axis or stem.

Answer 1355

n. 1. Mathematics A quadrilateral. 2. a. A rectangular area surrounded on all four sides by buildings. b. The buildings bordering this area. 3. The area of land shown on one atlas sheet charted by the US Geological Survey. quad·ran′gu·lar (-răng′gyə-lər) adj. quad·ran′gu·lar·ly adv.

Answer 1356

(tŭs′ək) n. A clump or tuft, as of growing grass. tus′sock·y adj.

Answer 1357

n. 1. a. An area where rabbits live in burrows. b. A colony of rabbits. 2. An enclosure for small game animals. 3. a. An overcrowded living area. b. A mazelike place where one may easily become lost: a warren of narrow, dark alleys and side streets.

Answer 1358

n. 1. Nautical The side away from the direction from which the wind blows. 2. An area sheltered from the wind: in the lee of the boulder. 3. Cover; shelter. adj. 1. Nautical Of or relating to the side sheltered from the wind: the lee gunwale. 2. Located in or facing the path of an oncoming glacier. Used of a geologic formation. [Middle English le, from Old English hlēo, shelter, protection; see kelə- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1359

(ô′gyə-rē) n. pl. au·gu·ries 1. The art, ability, or practice of auguring; divination. 2. A sign of something coming; an omen: "The chartist buys when the auguries look favorable and sells on bad omens" (Burton G. Malkiel). [Middle English augurie, from Old French, from Latin augurium, from augur, augur; see augur.]

Answer 1360

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (Russian: alias Lenin (1870 – 1924) was a Russian communist revolutionary, politician and political theorist. He served as head of government of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1917, and of the Soviet Union from 1922 until his death. Under his administration, the Russian Empire was replaced by the Soviet Union; all wealth including land, industry and business was confiscated. Based in Marxism, his political theories are known as Leninism. Born to a wealthy middle-class family in Simbirsk, Lenin gained an interest in revolutionary leftist politics following the execution of his brother Aleksandr in 1887. Expelled from Kazan State University for participating in anti-Tsarist protests, he devoted the following years to a law degree and to radical politics, becoming a Marxist. In 1893 he moved to Saint Petersburg, and became a senior figure in the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP). Arrested for sedition and exiled to Siberia for three years, he married Nadezhda Krupskaya, and fled to Western Europe, where he became known as a prominent party theorist. In 1903, he took a key role in the RSDLP schism, leading the Bolshevik faction against Julius Martov's Mensheviks. Briefly returning to Russia during the Revolution of 1905, he encouraged violent insurrection and later campaigned for the First World War to be transformed into a Europe-wide proletariat revolution. After the 1917 February Revolution ousted the Tsar, he returned to Russia. Lenin, along with Leon Trotsky, played a senior role in orchestrating the October Revolution in 1917, which led to the overthrow of the Provisional Government and the establishment of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. He was one of the seven members of the first legendary Politburo, founded in 1917 in order to manage the Bolshevik Revolution: Lenin, Zinoviev, Kamenev, Trotsky, Stalin, Sokolnikov and Bubnov. Lenin was elected to the position of the head of government by the All-Russian Congress of Soviets. Under Lenin's leadership the new government nationalized the estates and crown lands. Homosexuality and abortion were legalized; Lenin's Russia was the first country in the world to establish both of these rights. Free access was being given to both abortion and birth control. No-fault divorce was also legalized, along with universal free healthcare and free education being established. The Bolsheviks fought in the Russian Civil War during which Lenin's government carried out the Red Terror. The civil war resulted in millions of deaths. Lenin supported world revolution and immediate peace with the Central Powers, agreeing to a punitive treaty that turned over a significant portion of the former Russian Empire to Germany. The treaty was voided after the Allies won the war. In 1921 Lenin proposed the New Economic Policy, a mixed economic system of state capitalism that started the process of industrialisation and recovery from the Civil War. In 1922, the Russian SFSR joined former territories of the Russian Empire in becoming the Soviet Union, with Lenin as its head of government. Only 13 months later, after being incapacitated by a series of strokes, Lenin died at his home in Gorki. After his death, there was a struggle for power in the Soviet Union between two major factions, namely Stalin's and the Left Opposition (with Trotsky as de facto leader). Eventually, Stalin, whom Lenin distrusted and wanted removed, came to power and eliminated any opposition. Lenin remains a controversial and highly divisive world figure. Lenin had a significant influence on the international Communist movement and was one of the most influential and controversial figures of the 20th century. Admirers view him as a champion of working people's rights and welfare whilst critics see him as a dictator who carried out mass human rights abuses. Historian J. Arch Getty has remarked that "Lenin deserves a lot of credit for the notion that the meek can inherit the earth, that there can be a political movement based on social justice and equality", while one of his biographers, Robert Service, says he "laid the foundations of dictatorship and lawlessness. Lenin had consolidated the principle of state penetration of the whole society, its economy and its culture. Lenin had practised terror and advocated revolutionary amoralism." Time magazine named Lenin one of the 100 most important people of the 20th century, and one of their top 25 political icons of all time; remarking that "for decades, Marxist–Leninist rebellions shook the world while Lenin's embalmed corpse lay in repose in Red Square". Following the dissolution of the USSR in 1991, reverence for Lenin declined among the post-Soviet generations, yet he remains an important historical figure for the Soviet-era generations.

Answer 1361

(ĭm′pĭ-kyo͞o′nē-əs) adj. Having little or no money. [in- + pecunious, rich (from Middle English, from Old French pecunios, from Latin pecūniōsus, from pecūnia, money, wealth; see peku- in Indo-European roots).] im′pe·cu′ni·ous·ly adv. im′pe·cu′ni·os′i·ty (-ŏs′ĭ-tē) n.

Answer 1362

(mĕn′hîr′) n. (Archaeology) a single standing stone, often carved, dating from the middle Bronze Age in the British Isles and from the late Neolithic Age in W Europe

Answer 1363

Babylon was a significant city in ancient Mesopotamia, in the fertile plain between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. The city was built upon the Euphrates, and divided in equal parts along its left and right banks, with steep embankments to contain the river's seasonal floods. Babylon was originally a small Semitic Akkadian city dating from the period of the Akkadian Empire c. 2300 BC. The town attained independence as part of a small city state with the rise of the First Amorite Babylonian Dynasty in 1894 BC. Claiming to be the successor of the more ancient Sumero-Akkadian city of Eridu, Babylon eclipsed Nippur as the "holy city" of Mesopotamia around the time Amorite king Hammurabi created the first short lived Babylonian Empire in the 18th century BC. Babylon grew and South Mesopotamia came to be known as Babylonia. The empire quickly dissolved after Hammurabi's death and Babylon spent long periods under Assyrian, Kassite and Elamite domination. After being destroyed and then rebuilt by the Assyrians, Babylon became the capital of the Neo-Babylonian Empire from 609 to 539 BC. The Hanging Gardens of Babylon was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. After the fall of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, the city came under the rules of the Achaemenid, Seleucid, Parthian, Roman and Sassanid empires. It has been estimated that Babylon was the largest city in the world from c. 1770 to 1670 BC, and again between c. 612 and 320 BC. It was perhaps the first city to reach a population above 200,000. Estimates for the maximum extent of its area range from 890 to 900 hectares (2,200 acres). The remains of the city are in present-day Hillah, Babil Governorate, Iraq, about 85 kilometres (53 mi) south of Baghdad, comprising a large tell of broken mud-brick buildings and debris. Image: Show within Iraq

Answer 1364

n. 1. The foremost position in an army or fleet advancing into battle. 2. a. The foremost or leading position in a trend or movement. b. Those occupying a foremost position. [Middle English vandgard, from avaunt garde, from Old French : avaunt, before (from Latin abante; see advance) + garde, guard (from garder, to guard; see guard).] van′guard·ism n. van′guard·ist n.

Answer 1365

also cy·pher (sī′fər) n. 1. The mathematical symbol (0) denoting absence of quantity; zero. 2. An Arabic numeral or figure; a number. 3. One having no influence or value; a nonentity. 4. a. A cryptographic system in which units of text of regular length, usually letters, are transposed or substituted according to a predetermined code. b. The key to such a system. c. A message written or transmitted in such a system. 5. A design combining or interweaving letters or initials; a monogram. v. ci·phered, ci·pher·ing, ci·phers also cy·phered or cy·pher·ing or cy·phered v.intr. To solve problems in arithmetic; calculate. v. tr. 1. To put in secret writing; encode. 2. To solve by means of arithmetic. [Middle English cifre, from Old French, from Medieval Latin cifra, from Arabic ṣifr, from ṣafira, to be empty (translation of Sanskrit śūnyam, cipher, dot); see ṣpr in Semitic roots.]

Answer 1366

adj. 1. Lying down, especially in a position of comfort or rest; reclining. 2. Resting; idle. 3. Biology Resting on the surface from which it arises. Used of an organ or other structure. n. A recumbent bicycle. [Latin recumbēns, recumbent-, present participle of recumbere, to lie down : re-, re- + cumbere, to lie.] re·cum′bence, re·cum′ben·cy n. re·cum′bent·ly adv.

Answer 1367

Alexander III of Macedon (356 – 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great was a King (Basileus) of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon and a member of the Argead dynasty. During his youth, Alexander was tutored by the philosopher Aristotle until the age of 16. When he succeeded his father to the throne in 336 BC, after Philip was assassinated, Alexander inherited a strong kingdom and an experienced army. He had been awarded the generalship of Greece and used this authority to launch his father's military expansion plans. In 334 BC, he invaded the Achaemenid Empire, ruled Asia Minor, and began a series of campaigns that lasted ten years. Alexander broke the power of Persia in a series of decisive battles, most notably the battles of Issus and Gaugamela. He subsequently overthrew the Persian King Darius III and conquered the entirety of the First Persian Empire. At that point, his empire stretched from the Adriatic Sea to the Indus River. Seeking to reach the "ends of the world and the Great Outer Sea", he invaded India in 326 BC, but was eventually forced to turn back at the demand of his troops. Alexander died in Babylon in 323 BC, the city he planned to establish as his capital, without executing a series of planned campaigns that would have begun with an invasion of Arabia. In the years following his death, a series of civil wars tore his empire apart, resulting in several states ruled by the Diadochi, Alexander's surviving generals and heirs. Alexander's legacy includes the cultural diffusion his conquests engendered, such as Greco-Buddhism. He founded some twenty cities that bore his name, most notably Alexandria in Egypt. Alexander's settlement of Greek colonists and the resulting spread of Greek culture in the east resulted in a new Hellenistic civilization, aspects of which were still evident in the traditions of the Byzantine Empire in the mid-15th century and the presence of Greek speakers in central and far eastern Anatolia until the 1920s. Alexander became legendary as a classical hero in the mold of Achilles, and he features prominently in the history and myth of Greek and non-Greek cultures. He became the measure against which military leaders compared themselves, and military academies throughout the world still teach his tactics. His legacy, often ranks him among the world's top personalities of all time having the greatest influence, along with his teacher Aristotle.

Answer 1368

tr. v. en·graft·ed, en·graft·ing, en·grafts 1. To graft (a scion) onto or into another plant. 2. To plant firmly; establish. en·graft′ment n.

Answer 1369

(ə-stĭg′mə-tĭz′əm) n. A visual defect in which the unequal curvature of one or more refractive surfaces of the eye, usually the cornea, prevents light rays from focusing clearly at one point on the retina, resulting in blurred vision. [a- + Greek stigma, stigmat-, point (from stizein, stig-, to tattoo; see steig- in Indo-European roots).] as′tig·mat′ic (ăs′tĭg-măt′ĭk) adj. & n. as′tig·mat′i·cal·ly adv.

Answer 1370

Zeus is the god of sky and thunder and the ruler of the Olympians of Mount Olympus. The name Zeus is cognate with the first element of Roman Jupiter, and Zeus and Jupiter became closely identified with each other. Zeus is the child of Cronus and Rhea, and the youngest of his siblings. In most traditions he is married to Hera, although, at the oracle of Dodona, his consort is Dione: according to the Iliad, he is the father of Aphrodite by Dione. He is known for his erotic escapades. These resulted in many godly and heroic offspring, including Athena, Apollo, Artemis, Hermes, Persephone (by Demeter), Dionysus, Perseus, Heracles, Helen of Troy, Minos, and the Muses (by Mnemosyne); by Hera, he is usually said to have fathered Ares, Hebe and Hephaestus. As Walter Burkert points out in his book, Greek Religion, "Even the gods who are not his natural children address him as Father, and all the gods rise in his presence." For the Greeks, he was the King of the Gods, who oversaw the universe. As Pausanias observed, "That Zeus is king in heaven is a saying common to all men". In Hesiod's Theogony Zeus assigns the various gods their roles. In the Homeric Hymns he is referred to as the chieftain of the gods.

Answer 1371

(pə-grŏm′, pō′grəm) n. An organized, often officially encouraged massacre or persecution of a minority group, especially one conducted against Jews. po·grom′ v.

Answer 1372

n. A dealer in tobacco and smoking supplies.

Answer 1373

(ī′kôr′, ī′kər) n. 1. Greek Mythology The rarefied fluid said to run in the veins of the gods. 2. A watery, acrid discharge from a wound or ulcer.

Answer 1374

(nôrn) n. Norse Mythology Any of the three goddesses of fate. The Norns are female beings who rule the destiny of gods and men, possibly a kind of dísir, and comparable to the Moirai (also called "The Fates") in Greek mythology. The three most important norns, Urðr (Wyrd), Verðandi and Skuld come out from a hall standing at the Well of Urðr (well of fate) and they draw water from the well and take sand that lies around it, which they pour over Yggdrasill so that its branches will not rot. These norns are described as three powerful maiden giantesses (Jotuns) whose arrival from Jötunheimr ended the golden age of the gods. Beside these three norns, there are many other norns who arrive when a person is born in order to determine his or her future. There were both malevolent and benevolent norns, and the former caused all the malevolent and tragic events in the world while the latter were kind and protective goddesses. Recent research has discussed the relation between the myths associated with norns and valkyries and traveling Völvas (seiðr-workers). The norns were thought to have visited newborn children in the pre-Christian Norse societies.

Answer 1375

(ĕk′sə-jənt) adj. 1. Requiring immediate action; pressing: an exigent need. See Synonyms at urgent. 2. Having or making urgent demands; demanding: "Some citizens ... seized the offending material and made a bonfire of it ... to the gratification of an exigent crowd" (Garry Wills). [Latin exigēns, exigent-, present participle of exigere, to demand; see exact.] ex′i·gent·ly adv.

Answer 1376

n. A monoamine neurotransmitter formed in the brain by the decarboxylation of dopa and essential to the normal functioning of the central nervous system. A reduction in its concentration within the brain is associated with Parkinson's disease. [dop(a) + amine.]

Answer 1377

Count Alessandro di Cagliostro (Italian: 1743 – 1795) was the alias of the occultist Giuseppe Balsamo, an Italian adventurer. The history of Cagliostro is shrouded in rumour, propaganda, and mysticism. Some effort was expended to ascertain his true identity when he was arrested because of possible participation in the Affair of the Diamond Necklace. Johann Wolfgang von Goethe relates in his Italian Journey that the identification of Cagliostro with Giuseppe Balsamo was ascertained by a lawyer from Palermo who, upon official request, had sent a dossier with copies of the pertinent documents to France. Goethe met the lawyer in April 1787 and saw the documents and Balsamo's pedigree: Balsamo's great-grandfather Matteo Martello had two daughters: Maria, who married Giuseppe Bracconeri; and Vincenza, who married Giuseppe Cagliostro. Maria and Giuseppe Bracconeri had three children: Matteo; Antonia; and Felicità, who married Pietro Balsamo (the son of a bookseller, Antonino Balsamo, who had declared bankruptcy before dying at age 44). The son of Felicità and Pietro Balsamo was Giuseppe, who was christened with the name of his great-uncle and eventually adopted his surname, too. Cagliostro himself stated during the trial following the Affair of the Diamond Necklace that he had been born of Christians of noble birth but abandoned as an orphan upon the island of Malta. He claimed to have travelled as a child to Medina, Mecca, and Cairo and upon return to Malta to have been admitted to the Sovereign Military Order of Malta, with whom he studied alchemy, the Kabbalah, and magic.

Answer 1378

tr.v. cas·ti·gat·ed, cas·ti·gat·ing, cas·ti·gates To punish or rebuke severely. See Synonyms at punish. [Latin castīgāre, castīgāt-, from castus, pure; see kes- in Indo-European roots.] cas′ti·ga′tion n. cas′ti·ga′tor n.

Answer 1379

(sĭl′ē-əm) n. pl. cil·i·a (-ē-ə) 1. A microscopic hairlike process extending from the surface of a cell or unicellular organism. Capable of rhythmical motion, it acts in unison with other such structures to bring about the movement of the cell or of the surrounding medium. 2. An eyelash. 3. Botany One of the hairs along the margin or edge of a structure, such as a leaf, usually forming a fringe. [Latin, eyelid; see kel- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1380

(sûr′əp-tĭsh′əs) adj. Obtained, done, or made by clandestine or stealthy means. See Synonyms at secret. [Middle English, from Latin surreptīcius, from surreptus, past participle of surripere, to take away secretly : sub-, secretly; see rapere in Indo-European roots.] sur′rep·ti′tious·ly adv. sur′rep·ti′tious·ness n.

Answer 1381

(krôs′trē′, krŏs′-) n. Nautical One of the two horizontal crosspieces at the upper ends of the lower masts in fore-and-aft-rigged vessels, serving to spread the shrouds.

Answer 1382

(ŏs′ē-əs) adj. Composed of, containing, or resembling bone; bony. [From Latin osseus, from os, oss-, bone; see ost- in Indo-European roots.] os′se·ous·ly adv.

Answer 1383

adj. Of, relating to, or resembling a snake or the snakes. n. A snake.

Answer 1384

1. a. A widely cultivated plant, Linum usitatissimum, having pale blue flowers, seeds that yield linseed oil, and slender stemsfrom which a textile fiber is obtained. b. The fine, light-colored textile fiber obtained from this plant. c. Any of various other plants of the genus Linum or of other genera in the family Linaceae. 2. A pale grayish yellow.

Answer 1385

n. Any of several plants of the genus Antirrhinum of the figwort family, especially A. majus, widely cultivated for its showy racemes of two-lipped, variously colored flowers. [From the imagined resemblance of the flowers to the mouth of a dragon.]

Answer 1386

(kŏd′ə-sĭl) n. 1. Law A supplement or appendix to a will. 2. A supplement or appendix. [Middle English, from Old French codicille, from Latin cōdicillus, diminutive of cōdex, cōdic-, codex; see codex.] cod′i·cil′la·ry (kŏd′ə-sĭl′ə-rē) adj.

Answer 1387

(hô′tē) adj. haugh·ti·er, haugh·ti·est Scornfully and condescendingly proud. See Synonyms at arrogant.

Answer 1388

n. pl. spin·neys Chiefly British A small grove; a copse. [Obsolete French espinoi, from Old French espinei, thorny place, from Vulgar Latin \*spīnēta, pl. of Latin spīnētum, thorn hedge, from spīna, thorn.]

Answer 1389

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe - German poet and novelist and dramatist who lived in Weimar (1749-1832) His body of work includes epic and lyric poetry written in a variety of metres and styles; prose and verse dramas; memoirs; an autobiography; literary and aesthetic criticism; treatises on botany, anatomy, and colour; and four novels. In addition, numerous literary and scientific fragments, more than 10,000 letters, and nearly 3,000 drawings by him are extant. A literary celebrity by the age of 25, Goethe was ennobled by the Duke of Saxe-Weimar, Karl August in 1782. He was an early participant in the Sturm und Drang literary movement. Arthur Schopenhauer cited Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship as one of the four greatest novels ever written, along with Tristram Shandy, La Nouvelle Heloïse, and Don Quixote, and Ralph Waldo Emerson selected Goethe as one of six "representative men" in his work of the same name, along with Plato, Napoleon, and William Shakespeare. There are frequent references to Goethe's writings throughout the works of G. W. F. Hegel, Arthur Schopenhauer, Friedrich Nietzsche, Hermann Hesse, Thomas Mann, Sigmund Freud, and Carl Jung. Goethe's poems were set to music throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries by a number of composers, including Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven, Franz Schubert, Robert Schumann, Johannes Brahms, Charles Gounod, Richard Wagner, Hugo Wolf, Felix Mendelssohn, and Gustav Mahler.

Answer 1390

(ō′dē-əm) n. 1. The state or quality of being odious. 2. Strong dislike, contempt, or aversion. 3. A state of disgrace resulting from hateful or detestable conduct.

Answer 1391

(trĕs′əl) n. 1. A horizontal beam or bar held up by two pairs of divergent legs and used as a support. 2. A framework consisting of slanted braces and horizontal crosspieces supporting a bridge or causeway. [Middle English trestel, from Old French, alteration of Vulgar Latin \*trāstellum, trānstellum, diminutive of Latin trānstrum, beam; see transom.]

Answer 1392

(sko͞o′nər) n. 1. A fore-and-aft-rigged sailing vessel having at least two masts, with a foremast that is usually smaller than the other masts. 2. A large beer glass, generally holding a pint or more. 3. A prairie schooner.

Answer 1393

n. A person regarded as weak-willed or timid. [Yiddish nebekh, poor, unfortunate, of Slavic origin; see bhag- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1394

(făl′ō) adj. 1. Plowed but left unseeded during a growing season: fallow farmland. 2. Characterized by inactivity: a fallow gold market. n. 1. Land left unseeded during a growing season. 2. The act of plowing land and leaving it unseeded. 3. The condition or period of being unseeded. tr. v. fal·lowed, fal·low·ing, fal·lows 1. To plow (land) without seeding it afterward. 2. To plow and till (land), especially to eradicate or reduce weeds. [Middle English falow, from Old English fealh, fallow land.] fal′low·ness n.

Answer 1395

adj. 1. Demanding or arousing pity: a piteous appeal for help. See Synonyms at pathetic. 2. Archaic Pitying; compassionate. [Middle English, from Old French piteus, from Late Latin pietōsus, merciful, from Latin pietās, compassion; see piety.] pit′e·ous·ly adv. pit′e·ous·ness n.

Answer 1396

(pŏl-tro͞on′) n. An utter coward. [French poltron, from Old Italian poltrone, coward, idler, perhaps augmentative of poltro, unbroken colt (from Vulgar Latin \*pulliter, from Latin pullus, young animal; see pau- in Indo-European roots) or from poltro, bed, lazy.] pol·troon′er·y n.

Answer 1397

(Anatomy) a portion of the amniotic sac sometimes covering a child's head at birth

Answer 1398

(găm′bəl) intr.v. gam·boled, gam·bol·ing, gam·bols or gam·bolled or gam·bol·ling To leap about playfully; frolic. n. A playful skipping or frolicking about. [Alteration of French gambade, horse's jump, from Old French, perhaps from Old Italian gambata, from gamba, leg, from Late Latin, hoof, from Greek kampē, bend (as in a limb).] "The air was dark with Davises, and many Jones gamboled like a flock of young giraffes."

Answer 1399

n. 1. Nautical a. A rope for holding down the weather clew of a course. b. A rope for hauling the outer lower corner of a studdingsail to the boom. c. The part of a sail, such as the weather clew of a course, to which this rope is fastened. d. The lower forward corner of a fore-and-aft sail. 2. Nautical a. The position of a vessel relative to the trim of its sails. b. The act of changing from one position or direction to another. c. The distance or leg sailed between changes of position or direction. 3. An approach to accomplishing a goal or a method of dealing with a problem. 4. A large, loose stitch made as a temporary binding or as a marker. 5. Stickiness, as that of a newly painted surface. v. tacked, tack·ing, tacks v.tr. 1. Nautical To bring (a vessel) into the wind in order to change course or direction. v. intr. 1. Nautical a. To change the direction of a sailing vessel, especially by turning the bow into and past the direction of the wind: Stand by to tack. b. To sail a zigzag course upwind by repeatedly executing such a maneuver. c. To change tack: The ship tacked to starboard. tack′er n. tack′less adj.

Answer 1400

(găl′ē-ət) n. Nautical 1. A light, swift galley formerly used in the Mediterranean. 2. A light, single-masted, flatbottom Dutch merchant ship. [Middle English, from Old French, from galee, galie; see galley.] A galiot, galliot or galiote, is a term for three different types of historical naval vessels that sailed on different seas, and for a type of French flat-bottom river boat or barge.

Answer 1401

(rĕp′ər-tôr′ē) n. pl. rep·er·to·ries 1. A repertoire. 2. a. A theater in which a resident company presents works from a specified repertoire, usually in alternation. b. A repertory company. 3. a. A place, such as a storehouse, where a stock of things is kept; a repository. b. Something stored in or as if in such a place; a stock or collection. adj. 1. Of or relating to a repertory company. 2. Of or relating to an independent movie theater that shows a selected program of films usually including revivals. [Late Latin repertōrium, from Latin repertus, past participle of reperīre, to find out : re-, re- + parīre, to get, beget; see perə- in Indo-European roots.] rep′er·to′ri·al adj.

Answer 1402

(ăn′dēz) A mountain system of western South America extending more than 8,000 km (4,970 mi) along the Pacific coast from Venezuela to Tierra del Fuego. The Andes rise at many points to more than 6,500 m (21,325 ft). An′de·an (ăn′dē-ən, ăn-dē′ən) adj. & n.

Answer 1403

(sĭz′ə-jē) n. pl. syz·y·gies 1. (Astronomy) either of the two positions (conjunction or opposition) of a celestial body when sun, earth, and the body lie in a straight line: the moon is at syzygy when full. 2. (Poetry) (in classical prosody) a metrical unit of two feet 3. any pair, usually of opposites 4. (Zoology) biology the aggregation in a mass of certain protozoans, esp when occurring before sexual reproduction [Late Latin sȳzygia, from Greek suzugiā, union, from suzugos, paired : sun-, su-, syn- + zugon, yoke; see yeug- in Indo-European roots.] sy·zyg′i·al (sĭ-zĭj′ē-əl) adj.

Answer 1404

(nŏn′ə-jə-nâr′ē-ən, nō′nə-) n. A person 90 years old or between 90 and 100 years old. [From Latin nōnāgēnārius, from nōnāgēnī, ninety each, from nōnāgintā, ninety : nōnus, ninth; see -gintā in Indo-European roots.] non′a·ge·nar′i·an adj.

Answer 1405

n. pl. rictus or ric·tus·es 1. A gaping grimace: "his mouth gaping in a kind of rictus of startled alarm" (Richard Adams). 2. a. The expanse of an open mouth or a bird's beak. b. The corner of the mouth or the fleshy area where the upper and lower mandibles of a bird meet. [Latin, from past participle of ringī, to gape.] ric′tal adj.

Answer 1406

(ə-lĕk′tō) n. Greek & Roman Mythology One of the Furies. Alecto (English translation: "the implacable or unceasing anger") is one of the Erinyes, or Furies, in Greek mythology. According to Hesiod, she was the daughter of Gaea fertilized by the blood spilled from Uranus when Cronus castrated him. She is the sister of Tisiphone (Vengeance) and Megaera (Jealousy). Alecto is the Erinys with the job of castigating the moral crimes (such as anger), especially if they are against other people. Her function is similar to Nemesis, with the difference that Nemesis's function is to castigate crimes against the gods. Alecto appeared in Virgil's Aeneid, in Dante's Inferno, in the musical piece Music for a While by Purcell, in Miklós Zrínyi's Siege of Sziget, in the works of Dostoyevsky, and in Handel's Rinaldo HWV 7 in the Aria "Sibillar gli angui d'Aletto". In the Aeneid (Book 7), Alecto was demanded by Juno to not let the Trojans have their way with King Latinus by marriage or besiege Italian borders. Alecto's mission is to wreak havoc on the Trojans and cause their downfall through war. In order to do this, Alecto takes over the body of Queen Amata who clamors for all of the Latin mothers to riot against the Trojans. She disguises herself as Juno's priestess Calybe and appears to Turnus in a dream persuading him to begin the war against the Trojans. Met with a mocking response from Turnus, Alecto abandons persuasion and attacks Turnus with a torch, causing his blood to "boil with the passion for war". Unsatisfied with her work in igniting the war, Alecto asks Juno if she can provoke more strife by drawing in bordering towns, but Juno replies that she will manage the rest of the war herself: You're roving far too freely, high on the heavens' winds, and the Father, king of steep Olympus, won't allow it. You must give way. Whatever struggle is still to come, I'll manage it myself. (Virgil, Aeneid, trans. Robert Fagles, Book 7, ll.646-649) Alecto is a minor but important character in Miklós Zrínyi's Siege of Sziget, being sent by the Archangel Michael to inspire Suleiman the Magnificent to march on Hungary, thereby setting the epic's events in motion.

Answer 1407

(kwĭ-răs′) n. 1. a. A piece of armor for protecting the breast and back, often consisting of two pieces fastened together. b. The front piece of this armor. 2. Zoology A protective covering of bony plates or scales.

Answer 1408

(dĭ-vän′, -văn′) n. 1. A long backless sofa, especially one set with pillows against a wall. 2. (also dī-văn′) a. A counting room, tribunal, or public audience room in Muslim countries. b. The seat used by an administrator when holding audience. c. A government bureau or council chamber. 3. (also dī-văn′) A coffeehouse or smoking room. 4. (also dī-văn′) A book of poems, especially one written in Arabic or Persian by a single author.

Answer 1409

(lə-go͞on′) n. 1. A shallow body of water, especially one separated from a sea by sandbars or coral reefs. 2. A shallow artificial pond used for treating or storing liquid waste material or for collecting flood waters.

Answer 1410

(jĕl′ĭd) adj. Very cold; icy: gelid ocean waters. See Synonyms at cold. [Latin gelidus, from gelū, frost; see gel- in Indo-European roots.] ge·lid′i·ty (jə-lĭd′ĭ-tē), gel′id·ness n. gel′id·ly adv.

Answer 1411

adj. Slang Drunk; intoxicated.

Answer 1412

1. Any of several common, widespread aluminum or calcium silicate minerals occurring in two internally isomorphic series, (Mg, Mn, Fe)3Al2Si3O12and Ca3(Cr, Al, Fe)2Si3O12, generally crystallized, often embedded in igneous and metamorphic rocks, and colored red, brown, black, green, yellow,or white and used both as gemstones and as abrasives. 2. A dark to very dark red.

Answer 1413

(sĭt′ə-dəl, -dĕl′) n. 1. A fortress in a commanding position in or near a city. 2. A stronghold or fortified place; a bulwark. [French citadelle, from Italian cittadella, diminutive of città, city, from Latin cīvitās; see city.]

Answer 1414

(sä′rē) n. pl. sa·ris also sa·rees An outer garment worn chiefly by women of South Asia, consisting of a length of lightweight cloth with one end wrapped about the waist to form a skirt and the other draped over the shoulder or covering the head.

Answer 1415

(lēz) pl.n. Sediment settling during fermentation, especially in wine; dregs.

Answer 1416

n. 1. Nautical A tall vertical spar, sometimes sectioned, that rises from the keel or deck of a sailing vessel to support the sails and the standing and running rigging. 2. a. A vertical pole. b. A tall vertical antenna, as for a radio. 3. A captain's mast.

Answer 1417

Utilitarianism is a theory in normative ethics holding that the moral action is the one that maximizes utility. Utility is defined in various ways, including as pleasure, economic well-being and the lack of suffering. Utilitarianism is a form of consequentialism, which implies that the "end justifies the means". This view can be contrasted or combined with seeing intentions, virtues or the compliance with rules as ethically important. Classical utilitarianism's two most influential contributors are Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill. Bentham, who takes happiness as the measure for utility, says, "it is the greatest happiness of the greatest number that is the measure of right and wrong".

Answer 1418

adv. In the past; at a former time; formerly. adj. Former: our erstwhile companions.

Answer 1419

(săng′gwĭn) adj. 1. a. Cheerfully confident; optimistic: sanguine about the prospects for an improved economy. b. At ease; accepting: "Deborah was generally sanguine about the women in Franklin's life" (Walter Isaacson). 2. Archaic a. Having blood as the dominant humor in terms of medieval physiology. b. Having the temperament and ruddy complexion formerly thought to be characteristic of a person dominated by this humor; passionate. 3. a. Of the color of blood; red. b. Of a healthy reddish color; ruddy: a sanguine complexion. [Middle English, blood-red, dominated by the humor blood, ruddy, from Old French sanguin, from Latin sanguineus, bloody, blood-red, from sanguis, sanguin-, blood.] san′guine·ly adv. san′guine·ness, san·guin′i·ty n.

Answer 1420

(plăn′tən) n. Any of various plants of the genus Plantago, having a basal rosette of leaves and dense spikes of small greenish flowers. [Middle English, from Old French, from Latin plantāgō, plantāgin-, from planta, sole of the foot (from its broad leaves); see plat- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1421

n. 1. A square board with a handle used for holding and carrying masonry mortar. 2. An academic cap topped by a flat square.

Answer 1422

The Epimenides paradox reveals a problem with self-reference in logic. It is named after the Cretan philosopher Epimenides of Knossos (alive circa 600 BC) who is credited with the original statement. A typical description of the problem is given in the book Gödel, Escher, Bach, by Douglas Hofstadter Epimenides was a Cretan who made one immortal statement: "All Cretans are liars." A paradox of self-reference arises when one considers whether it is possible for Epimenides to have spoken the truth.

Answer 1423

pl.n. (used with a sing. or pl. verb) Chiefly British A latrine; a privy.

Answer 1424

n. A cover for a bed; a bedspread. [Alteration of obsolete counterpoint, from Middle English countrepoint, from Old French contrepointe, alteration of coultepointe, from Medieval Latin culcita pūncta, stitched quilt : Latin culcita, quilt, mattress + Latin pūnctus, stitched, pricked; see point.]

Answer 1425

(fə-kîr′, fä-, fă-) n. 1. A Muslim religious mendicant. 2. A Hindu ascetic or religious mendicant, especially one who performs feats of magic or endurance.

Answer 1426

adj. 1. Loud, harsh, grating, or shrill: a strident voice. See Synonyms at vociferous. 2. Forcefully assertive or severely critical: strident rhetoric. [Latin strīdēns, strīdent-, present participle of strīdēre, to make harsh sounds, ultimately of imitative origin.] stri′dence, stri′den·cy n. stri′dent·ly adv.

Answer 1427

adj. 1. a. Marked by trembling, quivering, or shaking: tremulous hands. b. Marked by a rapid varying between pitches or tones: a tremulous voice. 2. Timid or fearful: "the tremulous daughter who never left her father's house" (Margo Jefferson). [From Latin tremulus, from tremere, to tremble.] trem′u·lous·ly adv. trem′u·lous·ness n.

Answer 1428

(mĕz′ə-nēn′, mĕz′ə-nēn′) n. 1. A partial story between two main stories of a building. 2. The lowest balcony in a theater or the first few rows of that balcony. adj. Of or relating to securities granting a claim on interest or assets that is subordinate to that of secured and senior debt but above that of equity. [French, from Italian mezzanino, diminutive of mezzano, middle, from Latin mediānus, in the middle; see median.]

Answer 1429

(môn′dər, män′-) intr.v. maun·dered, maun·der·ing, maun·ders 1. To talk incoherently or aimlessly. 2. To move or act aimlessly or vaguely; wander. [Probably dialectal variant of meander (probably influenced by wander).]

Answer 1430

n. 1. A complaint. 2. An utterance of grief or sorrow; a lamentation.

Answer 1431

n. 1. The capturing of prey for food. 2. The act of robbing, victimizing, or exploiting others.

Answer 1432

n. pl. trav·es·ties 1. A debased or grotesque likeness: elections that were a travesty of democracy. 2. An exaggerated or grotesque imitation, such as a parody of a literary work. tr.v. trav·es·tied, trav·es·ty·ing, trav·es·ties To make a travesty of; parody or ridicule. [From obsolete, disguised, burlesqued, from French travesti, past participle of travestir, to disguise, parody, from Italian travestire : Latin trāns-, trans- + Latin vestīre, to dress (from vestis, garment; see wes- in Indo-European roots).]

Answer 1433

(dĕm′ē-ûrj′) n. 1. A powerful creative force or personality. 2. A public magistrate in some ancient Greek states. 3. Demiurge A deity in Gnosticism, Manichaeism, and other religions who creates the material world and is often viewed as the originator of evil. 4. Demiurge A Platonic deity who orders or fashions the material world out of chaos. [Late Latin dēmiurgus, from Greek dēmiourgos, artisan : dēmios, public (from dēmos, people; see dā- in Indo-European roots) + ergos, worker (from ergon, work; see werg- in Indo-European roots).] dem′i·ur′geous (-ûr′jəs), dem′i·ur′gic (-jĭk), dem′i·ur′gi·cal (-jĭ-kəl) adj. dem′i·ur′gi·cal·ly adv.

Answer 1434

(fôrd) n. A shallow place in a body of water, such as a river, where one can cross by walking or riding on an animal or in a vehicle. ``` tr.v. ford·ed, ford·ing, fords To cross (a body of water) at a ford. ```

Answer 1435

adj. 1. Of or relating to a condition that is present at birth, as a result of either heredity or environmental influences: a congenital heart defect; congenital syphilis. 2. Usage Problem Being or having an essential characteristic as if by nature; inherent or inveterate: "the congenital American optimism that denies conflicts and imagines all stories having happy endings" (Robert J. Samuelson). [From Latin congenitus : com-, com- + genitus, born, past participle of gignere, to bear; see genə- in Indo-European roots.] con·gen′i·tal·ly adv. Usage Note: The Usage Panel is divided evenly on the use of congenital to mean "inveterate." In our 2008 survey, only 50 percent accepted this word in a sentence with the phrase "the most congenital skeptic."

Answer 1436

n. 1. The killing of one's father, mother, or other near relative. 2. The killing of the ruler of one's country. 3. One who commits parricide. [Latin parricīdium and parricīda : pāri-, parri-, kin + -cīdium. -cīda, -cide.] par′ri·cid′al (-sīd′l) adj. par′ri·cid′al·ly adv.

Answer 1437

Jules Henri Poincaré (French: 1854 – 1912) was a French mathematician, theoretical physicist, engineer, and a philosopher of science. He is often described as a polymath, and in mathematics as The Last Universalist by Eric Temple Bell, since he excelled in all fields of the discipline as it existed during his lifetime. As a mathematician and physicist, he made many original fundamental contributions to pure and applied mathematics, mathematical physics, and celestial mechanics. He was responsible for formulating the Poincaré conjecture, which was one of the most famous unsolved problems in mathematics until it was solved in 2002–2003. In his research on the three-body problem, Poincaré became the first person to discover a chaotic deterministic system which laid the foundations of modern chaos theory. He is also considered to be one of the founders of the field of topology. Poincaré made clear the importance of paying attention to the invariance of laws of physics under different transformations, and was the first to present the Lorentz transformations in their modern symmetrical form. Poincaré discovered the remaining relativistic velocity transformations and recorded them in a letter to Dutch physicist Hendrik Lorentz in 1905. Thus he obtained perfect invariance of all of Maxwell's equations, an important step in the formulation of the theory of special relativity. The Poincaré group used in physics and mathematics was named after him. Philosophy Poincaré had philosophical views opposite to those of Bertrand Russell and Gottlob Frege, who believed that mathematics was a branch of logic. Poincaré strongly disagreed, claiming that intuition was the life of mathematics. Poincaré gives an interesting point of view in his book Science and Hypothesis: For a superficial observer, scientific truth is beyond the possibility of doubt; the logic of science is infallible, and if the scientists are sometimes mistaken, this is only from their mistaking its rule. Poincaré believed that arithmetic is a synthetic science. He argued that Peano's axioms cannot be proven non-circularly with the principle of induction, therefore concluding that arithmetic is a priori synthetic and not analytic. Poincaré then went on to say that mathematics cannot be deduced from logic since it is not analytic. His views were similar to those of Immanuel Kant. He strongly opposed Cantorian set theory, objecting to its use of impredicative definitions. However, Poincaré did not share Kantian views in all branches of philosophy and mathematics. For example, in geometry, Poincaré believed that the structure of non-Euclidean space can be known analytically. Poincaré held that convention plays an important role in physics. His view (and some later, more extreme versions of it) came to be known as "conventionalism". Poincaré believed that Newton's first law was not empirical but is a conventional framework assumption for mechanics. He also believed that the geometry of physical space is conventional. He considered examples in which either the geometry of the physical fields or gradients of temperature can be changed, either describing a space as non-Euclidean measured by rigid rulers, or as a Euclidean space where the rulers are expanded or shrunk by a variable heat distribution. However, Poincaré thought that we were so accustomed to Euclidean geometry that we would prefer to change the physical laws to save Euclidean geometry rather than shift to a non-Euclidean physical geometry. Poincaré was dismayed by Georg Cantor's theory of transfinite numbers, and referred to it as a "disease" from which mathematics would eventually be cured.[55] Poincaré said, "There is no actual infinite; the Cantorians have forgotten this, and that is why they have fallen into contradiction."

Answer 1438

(ĭm-pûr′tn-ənt) adj. 1. Exceeding the limits of propriety or good manners; improperly forward or bold: scolded the impertinent child for talking rudely. 2. Not pertinent: See Synonyms at irrelevant. [Middle English, irrelevant, from Old French, from Late Latin impertinēns, impertinent- : Latin in-, not; see in-1 + Latin pertinēns, pertinent; see pertinent.] im·per′ti·nent·ly adv.

Answer 1439

(mŏn′ə-dē) n. pl. mon·o·dies 1. An ode for one voice or actor, as in Greek drama. 2. A poem in which the poet or speaker mourns another's death. 3. Music a. A style of composition dominated by a single melodic line. b. A style of composition having a single melodic line; monophony. c. A composition in either of these styles. [Late Latin monōdia, from Greek monōidiā : mono-, mono- + aoidē, ōidē, song; see wed- in Indo-European roots.] mo·nod′ic (mə-nŏd′ĭk), mo·nod′i·cal (-ĭ-kəl) adj. mo·nod′i·cal·ly adv. mon′o·dist (mŏn′ə-dĭst) n.

Answer 1440

(vûr′dĭ-grēs′, -grĭs′, -grē′) n. 1. A blue or green powder consisting of basic cupric acetate used as a paint pigment and fungicide. 2. A green patina or crust of copper sulfate or copper chloride formed on copper, brass, and bronze exposed to air or seawater for long periods of time. [Middle English vertegrez, from Old French verte grez, alteration of vert-de-Grice : verd, green; see verdant + de, of (from Latin dē; see de-) + Grice, Greece.]

Answer 1441

bubo (bo͞o′bō, byo͞o′-) n. pl. bu·boes An inflamed, tender swelling of a lymph node, especially in the area of the armpit or groin, that is characteristic of certain infectious diseases, such as bubonic plague, tuberculosis, and syphilis. [Middle English, from Late Latin būbō, būbōn-, from Greek boubōn, groin, swelling.] * * * bubonic (byuˈbɒn ɪk, bu-) adj. 1. of or pertaining to a bubo. 2. accompanied by or affected with buboes. [1870–75;

Answer 1442

n. 1. One who wastes, especially one who wastes money; a profligate. 2. An idler or a loafer.

Answer 1443

(yo͞o′kər-ĭst) n. 1. A sacrament and the central act of worship in many Christian churches, which was instituted at the Last Supper and in which bread and wine are consecrated and consumed in remembrance of Jesus's death; Communion. 2. The consecrated elements of this rite; Communion. Eu′cha·ris′tic, Eu′cha·ris′ti·cal adj.

Answer 1444

Of or relating to rising wind currents. Anabatic winds are created in a valleywhen cool air reaches a warmed surface,and the warmed lighter air then risesupslope.

Answer 1445

(ə-fĭsh′əs) adj. 1. Marked by excessive eagerness in offering unwanted services or advice to others: an officious host; officious attention. 2. Informal; unofficial. 3. Archaic Motivated by the desire to help others. [Latin officiōsus, obliging, dutiful, from officium, duty; see office.] of·fi′cious·ly adv. of·fi′cious·ness n.

Answer 1446

n. 1. a. A window sash that opens outward by means of hinges. b. A window with such sashes. 2. A case or covering. [Middle English, a hollow molding, possibly from Middle English case, chest, frame; see case.] case′ment·ed adj.

Answer 1447

intr. v. sal·lied, sal·ly·ing, sal·lies 1. To rush out or leap forth suddenly: a bird that sallies out from a branch to catch flying insects. 2. To issue suddenly from a defensive or besieged position to attack an enemy. 3. To set out on a trip or excursion: sallied forth to see saillie

Answer 1448

n. 1. A person employed to carry burdens, especially an attendant who carries travelers' baggage at a hotel or transportation station. 2. A railroad employee who waits on passengers in a sleeping car or parlor car. 3. A maintenance worker for a building or institution.

Answer 1449

A curious or unusual object of art or piece of bric-a-brac.

Answer 1450

In mathematics, orthogonality is the relation of two lines at right angles to one another, and the generalization of this relation into n dimensions; and to a variety of mathematical relations thought of as describing non-overlapping, uncorrelated, or independent objects of some kind. In attached image, the line segments AB and CD are orthogonal to each other.

Answer 1451

(hou′də) n. A seat, usually fitted with a canopy and railing, placed on the back of an elephant or a camel.

Answer 1452

n. Sluggish economic growth coupled with a high rate of inflation and unemployment. [stag(nation) + (in)flation.] stag·fla′tion·ar′y (-shə-nĕr′ē) adj.

Answer 1453

n. 1. One who manages another's property, finances, or other affairs. 2. One who is in charge of the household affairs of a large estate, club, hotel, or resort. 3. A ship's officer who is in charge of provisions and dining arrangements. 4. An attendant on a ship or airplane. 5. An official who supervises or helps to manage an event. 6. A shop steward. 7. A wine steward. intr. & tr.v. stew·ard·ed, stew·ard·ing, stew·ards To serve as a steward or as the steward of. stew′ard·ship′ n.

Answer 1454

n. 1. The forward part of a ship's prow. 2. The wedge-shaped end of a bridge pier, designed to divide the current and break up ice floes.

Answer 1455

n. A metal fastener with a hinged slotted part that fits over a staple and is secured by a pin, bolt, or padlock. tr.v. hasped, hasp·ing, hasps To close or lock with such a fastener.

Answer 1456

also vil·lain (vĭl′ən, -ān′, vĭ-lān′) n. One of a class of feudal serfs who held the legal status of freemen in their dealings with all people except their lord.

Answer 1457

(lôd′n-əm) n. A tincture of opium, formerly used as a drug. [New Latin, perhaps alteration of Medieval Latin labdanum, labdanum; see labdanum.]

Answer 1458

n. 1. Persistent emission of light following exposure to and removal of incident radiation. 2. Emission of light without appreciable heat, as from chemiluminescence of phosphorus or bioluminescence of living organisms. phos′pho·res′cent adj. phos′pho·res′cent·ly adv.

Answer 1459

(lə-sĭv′ē-əs) adj. 1. Given to or expressing lust; lecherous. 2. Exciting sexual desires; salacious. las·civ′i·ous·ly adv. las·civ′i·ous·ness n.

Answer 1460

also grif·fon or gryph·on (grĭf′ən) n. A fabulous beast with the head and wings of an eagle and the body of a lion. [Middle English griffoun, from Old French griffon, from grif, from Latin grȳpus, grȳphus, variants of grȳps, grȳp-, from Greek grūps.]

Answer 1461

v. tit·il·lat·ed, tit·il·lat·ing, tit·il·lates v. tr. 1. To stimulate by touching lightly; tickle. 2. To excite (another) pleasurably, superficially or erotically. v.intr. To excite another, especially in a superficial, pleasurable manner: "a steamy story of sex and violence, adultery and murder, designed to titillate as well as to shock" (John Guy). [Latin tītillāre, tītillāt-, to tickle.] tit′il·lat′er n. tit′il·lat′ing·ly adv. tit′il·la′tion n. tit′il·la′tive adj.

Answer 1462

(nā′dər, -dîr′) n. 1. Astronomy A point on the celestial sphere directly below the observer, diametrically opposite the zenith. 2. The lowest point: the nadir of their fortunes. [Middle English, from Medieval Latin, from Arabic naẓīr (as-samt), opposite (the zenith), from naẓara, to see, watch; see nṯ̣r in Semitic roots.]

Answer 1463

The thalamus (from Greek θάλαμος, "chamber") is a midline symmetrical structure of two halves, within the vertebrate brain, situated between the cerebral cortex and the midbrain. Some of its functions are the relaying of sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex, and the regulation of consciousness, sleep, and alertness. The two parts of the thalamus surround the third ventricle. It is the main product of the embryonic diencephalon. The thalamus has multiple functions. It may be thought of as a kind of hub of information. It is generally believed to act as a relay between different subcortical areas and the cerebral cortex. In particular, every sensory system (with the exception of the olfactory system) includes a thalamic nucleus that receives sensory signals and sends them to the associated primary cortical area. The thalamus also plays an important role in regulating states of sleep and wakefulness.

Answer 1464

(spĭv) n. Chiefly British Slang 1. One, usually unemployed, who lives by one's wits. 2. One who shirks work or responsibility; a slacker. [Dialectal spif, dandified, dandy.]

Answer 1465

Victor Benjamin Neuburg (1883 – 1940) was an English poet and writer. He also wrote on the subjects of theosophy and occultism. He was an associate of Aleister Crowley and the publisher of the early works of Pamela Hansford Johnson and Dylan Thomas.

Answer 1466

The Greco-Persian Wars (also often called the Persian Wars; Ancient Greek: τὰ Μηδικά) were a series of conflicts between the Achaemenid Empire of Persia and city-states of the Hellenic world that started in 492 BC and lasted until 449 BC. The collision between the fractious political world of the Greeks and the enormous empire of the Persians began when Cyrus the Great conquered the Greek-inhabited region of Ionia in 547 BC. Struggling to rule the independent-minded cities of Ionia, the Persians appointed tyrants to rule each of them. This would prove to be the source of much trouble for the Greeks and Persians alike.

Answer 1467

(prĭ-kō′shəs) adj. 1. Manifesting or characterized by development, aptitude, or interests considered advanced for a given age: a mathematically precocious child; a child with a precocious wit. 2. Botany Blossoming before the appearance of leaves. [From Latin praecox, praecoc-, premature, from praecoquere, to boil before, ripen early : prae-, pre- + coquere, to cook, ripen; see pekw- in Indo-European roots.] pre·co′cious·ly adv. pre·coc′ity (-kŏs′ĭ-tē), pre·co′cious·ness n.

Answer 1468

(măng′gə-nĕl′) n. A military machine used during the Middle Ages for hurling stones and other missiles, often employing a wooden arm with a container at one end. [Middle English, from Old French, from Medieval Latin mangonellus, diminutive of Late Latin manganum, catapult, from Greek manganon, war machine.]

Answer 1469

(rŏs′trəm, rô′strəm) n. pl. ros·trums or ros·tra (rŏs′trə, rô′strə) 1. A dais, pulpit, or other elevated platform for public speaking. 2. a. The curved, beaklike prow of an ancient Roman ship, especially a war galley. b. The speaker's platform in an ancient Roman forum, which was decorated with the prows of captured enemy ships. 3. Biology A beaklike projection, especially: a. An anterior projection of an insect's or an arachnid's mouthparts, of the upper jaw of a cetacean, or of the cephalothorax of a crustacean. b. A beaklike projection of a plant part, as the fruit of a geranium. [Latin rōstrum, beak; see rēd- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1470

(pī′bôld′) adj. Spotted or patched, especially in black and white. n. A piebald animal, especially a horse.

Answer 1471

n. A phenomenon in which the atmosphere of a planet traps radiation emitted by its sun, caused by gases such as carbon dioxide, water vapor, and methane that allow incoming sunlight to pass through but retain heat radiated back from the planet's surface. Image: Energy radiated by the sun converts to heat when it reaches the earth. Some heat is reflected back through the atmosphere, while some is absorbed by atmospheric gases and radiated back to the earth.

Answer 1472

n. 1. Supreme blessedness or happiness. 2. Any of the declarations of blessedness made by Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount. 3. Used as a title and form of address for a patriarch in the Armenian Church or a metropolitan in the Russian Orthodox Church: Your Beatitude.

Answer 1473

(pə-răb′ə-lə) n. A plane curve formed by the intersection of a right circular cone and a plane parallel to an element of the cone or by the locus of points equidistant from a fixed line and a fixed point not on the line. [New Latin, from Greek parabolē, comparison, application, parabola (from the relationship between the line joining the vertices of a conic and the line through its focus and parallel to its directrix), from paraballein, to compare; see parable.] Image: Any point on a parabola is the samedistance from the directrix as it is from thefocus (F). AC equals CF and BD equalsDF.

Answer 1474

n. 1. Sickness caused by excessive eating or drinking. 2. Excessive indulgence; intemperance. [From crapulent, sick from gluttony, from Late Latin crāpulentus, very drunk, from Latin crāpula, intoxication, from Greek kraipalē.] crap′u·lent adj. crap′u·lous adj.

Answer 1475

(ə-pŏk′rə-fə) n. (used with a sing. or pl. verb) 1. The biblical books included in the Septuagint and accepted in the Roman Catholic and Orthodox canon but considered noncanonical by Protestants because they are not part of the Hebrew Scriptures. See Table at Bible. 2. Various early Christian writings proposed as additions to the New Testament but rejected by the major canons. 3. apocrypha Writings or statements of questionable authorship or authenticity. [Middle English apocripha, not authentic, from Late Latin Apocrypha, the Apocrypha, from Greek Apokrupha, neuter pl. of apokruphos, secret, hidden, from apokruptein, to hide away : apo-, apo- + kruptein, kruph-, to hide.]

Answer 1476

(ŭl′ĭj) n. 1. The amount of liquid within a container that is lost, as by leakage, during shipment or storage. 2. The amount by which a container, such as a bottle, cask, or tank, falls short of being full. [Middle English ulage, from Old French ouillage, from ouiller, to fill up a cask, from ouil, eye, bunghole, from Latin oculus, eye; see okw- in Indo-European roots.] ul′laged adj.

Answer 1477

(mĕn-tā′shən) n. Mental activity; thinking: "The heartless hip analysis of crime is ... a part of my life and my mentation" (Scott Turow). [From Latin mēns, ment-, mind; see mental.]

Answer 1478

n 1. a bastard 2. a scoundrel; wretch adj 3. vile or hateful

Answer 1479

The Hellenistic period is the period of ancient Greek and eastern Mediterranean history between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the emergence of the Roman Empire as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the subsequent conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt the following year.

Answer 1480

(ā′pē-ĕr′ē) n. pl. a·pi·ar·ies A place where bees and beehives are kept, especially a place where bees are raised for their honey. [Latin apiārium, beehive, from apis, bee.]

Answer 1481

Count Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (Italian: 1463 – 1494) was an Italian Renaissance philosopher. He is famed for the events of 1486, when at the age of 23, he proposed to defend 900 theses on religion, philosophy, natural philosophy and magic against all comers, for which he wrote the famous Oration on the Dignity of Man, which has been called the "Manifesto of the Renaissance", and a key text of Renaissance humanism and of what has been called the "Hermetic Reformation".

Answer 1482

1. To render motionless for lack of wind: "Across the harbor, a small sailing skiff, becalmed near some reeds, caught the breeze again" (Horace Freeland Judson). 2. To make calm or still; soothe.

Answer 1483

(sī′ən) n. 1. A descendant or heir, especially of a wealthy or prominent family: scion of the ruling dynasty. 2. Botany A detached shoot or bud from a plant that is joined to a rootstock in grafting.

Answer 1484

(yō′mən) n. 1. a. An attendant, servant, or lesser official in a royal or noble household. b. A yeoman of the guard. 2. A petty officer performing chiefly clerical duties in the US Navy. 3. An assistant or other subordinate, as of a sheriff. 4. A diligent, dependable worker. 5. A farmer who cultivates his own land, especially a member of a former class of small freeholders in England. [Middle English yeman, yoman, perhaps contraction of yong man, young man (yong, young; see \*gēaman in Indo-European roots).]

Answer 1485

(jĕt′ē) n. pl. jet·ties 1. A structure, such as a pier, that projects into a body of water to influence the current or tide or to protect a harbor or shoreline from storms or erosion. 2. A wharf.

Answer 1486

Skilled in all kinds of work.

Answer 1487

also phil·tre (fĭl′tər) n. 1. A love potion. 2. A magic potion or charm. tr.v. phil·tered, phil·ter·ing, phil·ters also phil·tred or phil·tring or phil·tres To enchant with or as if with a philter. [French philtre, from Old French, from Latin philtrum, from Greek philtron, from philein, to love, from philos, beloved, loving.]

Answer 1488

also bar·guest (bär′gĕst) n. A goblin in English folklore, often appearing in the shape of a large dog and believed to portend imminent death or misfortune. [bar (perhaps from barrow) + ghest, ghost (dialectal variant of ghost).]

Answer 1489

(ko͞o′pər) n. A person who makes or repairs wooden barrels and tubs. [Middle English couper, from Middle Dutch kūper, from kūpe, basket, tub; see coop.] coop′er v. coop′er·age n.

Answer 1490

n. 1. A cheerful or lively manner of speaking, in which the pitch of the voice varies pleasantly. 2. A light, happy tune or song. 3. A light or resilient manner of moving or walking. v. lilt·ed, lilt·ing, lilts v.tr. To say, sing, or play (something) in a cheerful, rhythmic manner. v.intr. To speak, sing, or play with liveliness or rhythm. [From Middle English lulten, lilten, to sound an alarm.]

Answer 1491

(ĕth-nŏg′rə-fē) n. 1. The branch of anthropology that deals with the description of specific human cultures, using methods such as close observation and interviews. 2. A text produced using such methods.

Answer 1492

(ə-jo͝or′) tr. v. ad·jured, ad·jur·ing, ad·jures 1. To command or enjoin solemnly, as under oath: "adjuring her in the name of God to declare the truth" (Increase Mather). 2. To appeal to or entreat earnestly. [Middle English adjuren, from Latin adiūrāre, to swear to : ad-, ad- + iūrāre, to swear; see yewes- in Indo-European roots.] ad·jur′er, ad·ju′ror n.

Answer 1493

(sĭm′ē-ən) adj. 1. Relating to, characteristic of, or resembling a monkey or an ape: humans and other simian primates. 2. Relating to, characteristic of, or resembling a monkey or a nonhuman ape: caricatures of politicians with simian features. n. 1. A monkey or an ape. 2. A monkey or a nonhuman ape. [From Latin sīmia, ape, ultimately (probably via the Greek personal name Sīmiās, originally a nickname for a snub-nosed man, perhaps also given to pet apes in reference to their appearance) from Greek sīmos, snub-nosed and of unknown origin.]

Answer 1494

Sephirot, meaning emanations, are the 10 attributes/emanations in Kabbalah, through which Ein Sof (The Infinite) reveals himself and continuously creates both the physical realm and the chain of higher metaphysical realms (Seder hishtalshelus). The term is alternatively transliterated into English as Sefirot/Sefiroth, singular Sephirah/Sefirah etc. Alternative configurations of the sephirot are given by different schools in the historical development of Kabbalah, with each articulating different spiritual aspects. The tradition of enumerating 10 is stated in the Sefer Yetzirah, "Ten sephirot of nothingness, ten and not nine, ten and not eleven". As altogether 11 sephirot are listed across the different schemes, two (Keter and Daat) are seen as unconscious and conscious manifestations of the same principle, conserving the ten categories. In Kabbalah the functional structure of the sephirot in channeling Divine creative life force, and revealing the unknowable Divine essence to Creation is described. The first sephirah describes the Divine Will above intellect. The next sephirot describe conscious Divine Intellect, and the latter sephirot describe the primary and secondary conscious Divine Emotions. Two sephirot (Binah and Malchut) are feminine, as the female principle in Kabbalah describes a vessel that receives the outward male light, then inwardly nurtures and gives birth to lower sephirot. Corresponding to this is the Female Divine Presence. Kabbalah sees the human soul as mirroring the Divine (after Genesis 1:27, "God created man in His own image, in the image of God He created him, male and female He created them"), and more widely, all creations as reflections of their life source in the sephirot. Therefore, the sephirot also describe the spiritual life of man, and constitute the conceptual paradigm in Kabbalah for understanding everything. This relationship between the soul of man and the Divine, gives Kabbalah one of its two central metaphors in describing Divinity, alongside the other Ohr (light) metaphor. However, Kabbalah repeatedly stresses the need to avoid all corporeal interpretation. Through this, the sephirot are related to the structure of the body and are reformed into Partsufim (Personas). Underlying the structural purpose of each sephirah is a hidden motivational force which is understood best by comparison with a corresponding psychological state in human spiritual experience. In Hasidic philosophy, which has sought to internalise the experience of Jewish mysticism into daily inspiration (dveikus), this inner life of the sephirot is explored, and the role they play in man's service of God in this world.

Answer 1495

n. 1. A 14-line verse form often in iambic pentameter, having one of several conventional rhyme schemes and usually featuring a shift in mood or tone after the eighth or twelfth line. 2. A poem in this form.

Answer 1496

(kăt′kĭn) n. A dense, cylindrical, often drooping cluster of unisexual apetalous flowers found especially in willows, birches, and oaks. Also called ament. [From obsolete Dutch katteken, kitten, diminutive of katte, cat (from its resemblance to a kitten's tail), from Germanic \*kattuz.]

Answer 1497

Theodor Reuss (1855 – 1923) was an Anglo-German tantric occultist, freemason, police spy, journalist, singer, and head of Ordo Templi Orientis.

Answer 1498

a fainter arch or rainbow, formed by the moon.

Answer 1499

(pär′kĭ-trē) n. pl. par·quet·ries Inlay of wood, often of different colors, that is worked into a geometric pattern or mosaic and is used especially for floors. **Parquet** n. 1. A floor made of parquetry. 2. The art or process of making parquetry. 3. a. The part of the main floor of a theater between the orchestra pit and the parquet circle. b. The entire main floor of a theater. tr.v. par·queted (-kăd′), par·quet·ing (-kā′ĭng), par·quets (-kāz′) 1. To furnish with a floor of parquetry. 2. To make (a floor, for example) of parquetry. [French, parquetry, from Old French, diminutive of parc, enclosure; see park.]

Answer 1500

n. A man whose behavior is unprincipled or dishonorable. [Short for caddie.] cad′dish adj. cad′dish·ly adv.

Answer 1501

(pə-rī′ĭ-təl) adj. 1. Relating to or forming the wall of a body part, organ, or cavity. 2. Of or relating to either of the parietal bones. 3. Botany Borne on the inside of the ovary wall. Used of the ovules or placentas in flowering plants. 4. Dwelling within or having authority within the walls or buildings of a college. n. 1. A parietal part, such as a wall or bone. 2. parietals The rules governing the visiting privileges of members of the opposite sex in college or university dormitories. [Middle English, from Late Latin parietālis, of a wall, from Latin pariēs, pariet-, wall.]

Answer 1502

n. A crumbly mixture of clays, calcium and magnesium carbonates, and remnants of shells that is sometimes found under desert sands and used as fertilizer for lime-deficient soils. tr.v. marled, marl·ing, marls To fertilize with such a mixture. [Middle English marle, from Old French, from Medieval Latin margila, marla, diminutive of Latin marga, marl, of Celtic origin.] marl′y adj.

Answer 1503

Plutocracy (from Greek ploutos, meaning "wealth", and kratos, meaning "power, dominion, rule") or plutarchy, defines a society or a system ruled and dominated by the small minority of the wealthiest citizens.

Answer 1504

(skôr′ē-ə) n. pl. sco·ri·ae (skôr′ē-ē′) 1. Geology Porous cinderlike fragments of dark lava. Also called cinders, slag. 2. Metallurgy The refuse of a smelted metal or ore; slag. Also called cinder. [Middle English, dross, from Latin scōria, from Greek skōriā, from skōr, excrement, dung; see sker- in Indo-European roots.] sco′ri·a′ceous (-ā′shəs) adj.

Answer 1505

The Latin and poetic name for the island of Ireland.

Answer 1506

(jē-ŏd′ĭ-sē) n. The geologic science of the size and shape of the earth. [New Latin geōdaesia, from Greek geōdaisiā : geō-, geo- + daiesthai, to divide; see dā- in Indo-European roots.] ge·od′e·sist n.

Answer 1507

v.intr. To do something that one considers beneath one's dignity; condescend: wouldn't deign to greet the servant who opened the door. v.tr. To condescend to give or grant; vouchsafe: "Nor would we deign him burial of his men" (Shakespeare).

Answer 1508

(prə-pĭng′kwĭ-tē) n. 1. Proximity; nearness. 2. Kinship. 3. Similarity in nature. [Middle English propinquite, from Old French, from Latin propinquitās, from propinquus, near; see per in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1509

adj. 1. Of, relating to, or limited by time: a temporal dimension; temporal and spatial boundaries. 2. Of or relating to the material world; worldly: the temporal possessions of the Church. 3. Lasting only for a time; not eternal; passing: our temporal existence. 4. Secular or lay; civil: lords temporal and spiritual. 5. Grammar Expressing time: a temporal adverb. [Middle English, from Old French, from Latin temporālis, from tempus, tempor-, time.] tem′po·ral·ly adv.

Answer 1510

adj. 1. Characterized by a strong desire to gain and possess. 2. Tending to acquire and retain ideas or information: an acquisitive mind. ac·quis′i·tive·ly adv. ac·quis′i·tive·ness n. ac·quis′i·tor (-tər) n.

Answer 1511

also bra·sier (brā′zhər) n. One who makes brass articles. [Middle English brasier, from bras, brass; see brass.] n. 1. A metal pan for holding burning coals or charcoal. 2. A cooking device consisting of a charcoal or electric heating source over which food is grilled. [French brasier, from braise, hot coals; see braise.]

Answer 1512

1. Pathological obsession with one idea or subject. 2. Intent concentration on or exaggerated enthusiasm for a single subject or idea.

Answer 1513

(ăk′ə-rŏn′, -rən) n. Greek Mythology The river of woe, one of the five rivers of Hades. The Roman poet Virgil called it the principal river of Tartarus, from which the Styx and Cocytus both sprang. The newly dead would be ferried across the Acheron by Charon in order to enter the Underworld.

Answer 1514

(dĕd′l-əs) n. Greek Mythology A renowned craftsman, sculptor, and inventor and builder of the Labyrinth. He fashioned the wings with which he and his son Icarus escaped from Crete after their imprisonment by Minos. He is the father of Icarus. Dae·da′li·an, Dae·da′le·an (dĭ-dā′lē-ən, -dāl′yən) adj.

Answer 1515

(ə-gŏg′) adj. Full of keen anticipation or excitement; eager. [Middle English agogge, from Old French en gogue, in merriment : en, in (from Latin in; see in-) + gogue, merriment.] a·gog′ adv. "We were agog with excitement"

Answer 1516

(o͞o-trā′) adj. Highly unconventional; eccentric or bizarre: "outré and affected stage antics" (Michael Heaton). [French, from Old French, defeated, past participle of outrer, to pass someone, from outre, beyond, from Latin ultrā; see al- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1517

(krĭp′tə-grăf′) n. 1. See cryptogram. 2. A system of secret or cipher writing; a cipher. 3. a. A device for translating plaintext into ciphertext. b. A device for deciphering codes and ciphers. ``` tr.v. cryp·to·graphed, cryp·to·graph·ing, cryp·to·graphs To write (a message, for example) in code or cipher. ```

Answer 1518

(trŭk′yə-lənt) adj. 1. Disposed or eager to fight or engage in hostile opposition; belligerent. 2. Showing or expressing bitter opposition or hostility; aggressively defiant: a truculent speech against the new government; a truculent glance. 3. Disposed to violence; ferocious or cruel. [Latin truculentus, from trux, truc-, fierce; see ter?- in Indo-European roots.] truc′u·lence (trŭk′yə-ləns), truc′u·len·cy (-lən-sē) n. truc′u·lent·ly adv.

Answer 1519

also veldt (vĕlt, fĕlt) n. Any of the open grazing areas of southern Africa.

Answer 1520

An ancient city of southern Italy southeast of Naples. Founded in the sixth or early fifth century bc, it was a Roman colony by 80 bc and became a prosperous port and resort with many noted villas, temples, theaters, and baths. Pompeii was destroyed by an eruption of Mount Vesuvius in ad 79. The incredibly well-preserved ruins were rediscovered in 1748 and have been extensively excavated. Pom·pe′ian, Pom·pei′ian adj. & n. Image: Pompeii and other cities affected by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius. The black cloud represents the general distribution of ash and cinder. Modern coast lines are shown.

Answer 1521

(glăd′səm) adj. Causing or showing gladness or joy: a gladsome occasion; a gladsome smile.

Answer 1522

(kro͞o′ĭt) n. 1. A small bottle for holding a condiment, such as vinegar or oil. 2. Ecclesiastical A small vessel for holy water or for water or wine used in the consecration of the Eucharist. [Middle English, from Old French, diminutive of crue, flask, of Germanic origin.]

Answer 1523

(kăr′ə-văn′sə-rē) also car·a·van·se·rai (-rī′) n. pl. car·a·van·sa·ries also car·a·van·se·rais 1. An inn built around a large court for accommodating caravans along trade routes in central and western Asia. 2. A large inn or hostelry. In both senses also called serai. [French caravanserai, from Persian kārvānsarāy : kārvān, caravan + sarāy, camp, palace; see ter?- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1524

(kən-făb′yə-lāt′) intr. v. con·fab·u·lat·ed, con·fab·u·lat·ing, con·fab·u·lates 1. To talk casually; chat. 2. Psychology To fill in gaps in one's memory with fabrications that one believes to be facts. [Latin cōnfābulārī, cōnfābulāt- : com-, com- + fābulārī, to talk (from fābula, conversation; see fable).] con·fab′u·la′tion n. con·fab′u·la′tor n. con·fab′u·la·to′ry (-lə-tôr′ē) adj.

Answer 1525

Of the nature of or resembling glue; sticky.

Answer 1526

adj. 1. Tending to cause death or serious injury; deadly: a pernicious virus. 2. Causing great harm; destructive: pernicious rumors. [Middle English, from Old French pernicios, from Latin perniciōsus, from perniciēs, destruction : per-, per- + nex, nec-, violent death; see nek- in Indo-European roots.] per·ni′cious·ly adv. per·ni′cious·ness n.

Answer 1527

(pər-fôrs′) adv. By necessity; by force of circumstance.

Answer 1528

A fellow, especially one held in low esteem.

Answer 1529

Theurgy describes the practice of rituals, sometimes seen as magical in nature, performed with the intention of invoking the action or evoking the presence of one or more gods, especially with the goal of uniting with the divine, achieving henosis, and perfecting oneself.

Answer 1530

(ĭ-no͞o′mə-rāt′, -nyo͞o′-) tr. v. e·nu·mer·at·ed, e·nu·mer·at·ing, e·nu·mer·ates 1. To count off or name one by one; list: A spokesperson enumerated the strikers' demands. 2. To determine the number of; count. [Latin ēnumerāre, ēnumerāt-, to count out : ē-, ex-, ex- + numerus, number; see nem- in Indo-European roots.] e·nu′mer·a′tion n. e·nu′mer·a′tive (-mə-rā′tĭv, -mər-ə-) adj. e·nu′mer·a′tor n.

Answer 1531

(ĭm′pĭ-kyo͞o′nē-əs) adj. Having little or no money. [in- + pecunious, rich (from Middle English, from Old French pecunios, from Latin pecūniōsus, from pecūnia, money, wealth; see peku- in Indo-European roots).] im′pe·cu′ni·ous·ly adv. im′pe·cu′ni·os′i·ty (-ŏs′ĭ-tē) n.

Answer 1532

1. a. The act or practice of cultivating crops and breeding and raising livestock; agriculture. b. The application of scientific principles to agriculture, especially to animal breeding. 2. Careful management or conservation of resources; economy.

Answer 1533

In Greek mythology Sisyphus was the king of Ephyra (now known as Corinth). He was punished for his self-aggrandizing craftiness and deceitfulness by being forced to roll an immense boulder up a hill, only to watch it roll back down, repeating this action for eternity.

Answer 1534

(dou′nē) adj. down·i·er, down·i·est 1. Made of or covered with down. 2. a. Resembling down: downy white clouds. b. Quietly soothing; soft.

Answer 1535

lack of skillfulness in speaking or writing

Answer 1536

(lāv) tr. v. laved, lav·ing, laves 1. To wash; bathe. 2. To lap or wash against: Waves laved the shore. 3. To refresh or soothe as if by washing: "The quiet and the cool laved her" (Edna Ferber). [Middle English laven, from Old English gelafian and from Old French laver, both from Latin lavāre; see leu(ə)- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1537

n. A pedagogical technique in which a teacher does not give information directly but instead asks a series of questions, with the result that the student comes either to the desired knowledge by answering the questions or to a deeper awareness of the limits of knowledge.

Answer 1538

(bou′sprĭt′, bō′-) n. Nautical A spar, extending forward from the stem of a ship, to which the stays of the foremast are fastened.

Answer 1539

Cosmogony (or cosmogeny) is any theory concerning the coming into existence (or origin) of either the cosmos (or universe), or the so-called reality of sentient beings. Developing a complete theoretical model has implications in both the philosophy of science and epistemology.

Answer 1540

(ī′bĭs) n. pl. ibis or i·bis·es Any of various storklike wading birds of the family Threskiornithidae of temperate and tropical regions, having a long, slender, downward-curving bill.

Answer 1541

n. Any of various tropical or subtropical evergreen salt-tolerant trees or shrubs especially of the family Rhizophoraceae, forming dense thickets along tidal shores and typically having well-developed aerial roots. [Probably Portuguese mangue (from Taíno) + grove.]

Answer 1542

dropsy (drŏp′sē) n. Edema. No longer in scientific use. [Middle English dropesie, short for idropesie, from Old French ydropisie, from Medieval Latin ydrōpisia, from Latin hydrōpisis, from Greek hudrōpiāsis, from hudrōps, dropsy, a dropsical person : hudro-, water; see ops in Indo-European roots.] drop′si·cal (-sĭ-kəl) adj. drop′si·cal·ly adv. * * * edema also oe·de·ma (ĭ-dē′mə) n. pl. e·de·mas or e·de·ma·ta (-mə-tə) also oe·de·mas or oe·de·ma·ta 1. Medicine An excessive accumulation of serous fluid in tissue spaces or a body cavity. 2. Botany A condition of plants characterized by blisterlike swellings on the leaves or other parts, caused by an accumulation of water. [Middle English ydema, from Greek oidēma, a swelling, from oidein, to swell.] e·dem′a·tous (ĭ-dĕm′ə-təs) adj.

Answer 1543

(sĕn′ə-tăf′) n. A monument erected in honor of a dead person whose remains lie elsewhere. [French cénotaphe, from Old French, from Latin cenotaphium, from Greek kenotaphion : kenos, empty + taphos, tomb.] cen′o·taph′ic adj.

Answer 1544

(so͞o′pīn′, so͞o-pīn′) adj. 1. Lying on the back or having the face upward. 2. Having the palm upward. Used of the hand. 3. Marked by or showing lethargy, passivity, or blameworthy indifference: "No other colony showed such supine, selfish helplessness in allowing her own border citizens to be mercilessly harried" (Theodore Roosevelt). su·pine′ly adv. su·pine′ness n.

Answer 1545

n. 1. A white incrustation of ice formed when supercooled water droplets freeze almost instantly on contact with a solid surface. 2. A coating, as of mud or slime, likened to a frosty film: "A meal couldn't leave us feeling really full unless it laid down a rime of fat globules in our mouths and stomachs" (James Fallows). tr.v. rimed, rim·ing, rimes To cover with or as if with frost or ice: "heavy [shoes] rimed with mud and cement ... from the building site" (Seamus Deane). rim′y adj.

Answer 1546

Armanism and Ariosophy are the names of ideological systems of an esoteric nature, pioneered by Guido von List and Jörg Lanz von Liebenfels respectively, in Austria between 1890 and 1930. The term 'Ariosophy', meaning wisdom concerning the Aryans, was first coined by Lanz von Liebenfels in 1915 and became the label for his doctrine in the 1920s. In research on the topic, such as Nicholas Goodrick-Clarke's book The Occult Roots of Nazism, the term 'Ariosophy' is used generically to describe the Aryan-esoteric theories of a subset of the 'Völkische Bewegung'. This broader use of the word is retrospective and was not generally current among the esotericists themselves." List actually called his doctrine 'Armanism', while Lanz used the terms 'Theozoology' and 'Ario-Christianity' before the First World War. The ideas of Von List and Lanz von Liebenfels were part of a general occult revival in Austria and Germany of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, inspired by historical Germanic paganism and holistic philosophy as well as esoteric concepts influenced by German romanticism and Theosophy. The connection of this Germanic mysticism with historical Germanic culture is evident in the mystics' fascination with runes, in the form of Guido von List's Armanen runes. Ariosophy in its narrow sense was a Liturgic-free newthought-influenced movement without clearly delineated dogmatics, centered around the publications of Herbert Reichstein Verlag.

Answer 1547

(tro͞oz) pl.n. Close-fitting trousers, usually of tartan. [Variant of obsolete trouse; see trouser.]

Answer 1548

(wān) n. Archaic A large open farm wagon.

Answer 1549

Augoeides is an obscure term meaning "luminous body" and thought to refer to the planets. Aleister Crowley considered the term to refer to the Holy Guardian Angel of Abramelin; the Atman of Hinduism the Daemon of the ancient Greeks. Robert Lomas associates the term with the Higher Self or soul of the individual.

Answer 1550

also eider down (ī′dər-doun′) n. 1. The down of the eider, used as stuffing for quilts and pillows. 2. A quilt stuffed with the down of the eider. 3. A warm napped fabric. [Swedish ejderdun, from Icelandic ædhar-dún : ædhar, genitive of ædhr, eider (from Old Norse ǣdhr) + dún, down (from Old Norse dūnn).]

Answer 1551

n. 1. a. A phrase, verse, or group of verses repeated at intervals throughout a song or poem, especially at the end of each stanza. b. Music for the refrain of a song. 2. A song or melody. 3. A repeated utterance or theme. [Middle English refrein, from Old French refrain, alteration of refrait, past participle of refraindre, to break off, repeat, from Vulgar Latin \*refrangere, to break off, alteration of Latin refringere; see refract.]

Answer 1552

(moun′tə-băngk′) n. 1. A hawker of quack medicines who attracts customers with stories, jokes, or tricks. 2. A flamboyant charlatan.

Answer 1553

(vĭ-zîr′, vĭz′yər) n. A high officer in a Muslim government, especially in the Ottoman Empire. [Turkish vezir, from Arabic wazīr, burdened, minister, from 'āzara, to help, derived form of 'azara, to surround; see ʔzr in Semitic roots, or from wazara, to carry a burden; see wzr in Semitic roots.] vi·zier′ate (vĭ-zîr′ĭt, -āt′, vĭz′yər-ĭt, -yə-rāt′) n. vi·zier′i·al adj.

Answer 1554

n. The silky down attached to the seedlike fruit of a thistle.

Answer 1555

v. re·mon·strat·ed, re·mon·strat·ing, re·mon·strates v.tr. To say or plead in protest, objection, or reproof. v.intr. To reason or plead in protest; present an objection. See Synonyms at object. [Medieval Latin remōnstrāre, remōnstrāt-, to demonstrate : Latin re-, re- + Latin mōnstrāre, to show (from mōnstrum, portent; see monster).] re′mon·stra′tion (rē′mŏn-strā′shən, rĕm′ən-) n. re·mon′stra·tive (rĭ-mŏn′strə-tĭv) adj. re·mon′stra·tive·ly adv. re·mon′stra′tor n.

Answer 1556

n. One that makes, trims, designs, or sells hats. [Probably alteration of Middle English Milener, native of Milan, from Milan, the source of goods such as bonnets and lace.]

Answer 1557

Bokors in the religion of Vodou are sorcerers or houngan (priests) or mambo (priestesses) for hire who are said to 'serve the loa with both hands', meaning that they practice both dark magic and light magic. Their black magic includes the creation of zombies and the creation of 'ouangas', talismans that house spirits. The name Bokor can also refer to the leader of the Makaya division of Vodou (which originated in the Congo region) and Bokor also refers to the highest initiation rank in Dominican Vodou.

Answer 1558

(ĭ-mŏl′yə-mənt) n. Payment for an office or employment; compensation.

Answer 1559

tr. v. as·pi·rat·ed, as·pi·rat·ing, as·pi·rates 1. Linguistics a. To pronounce (a vowel or word) with the initial release of breath associated with English h, as in hurry. b. To follow (a consonant, especially a stop consonant) with a puff of breath that is clearly audible before the next sound begins, as in English pit or kit. 2. To draw (liquid or a foreign object, for example) into the respiratory tract when taking a breath. 3. Medicine a. To remove (a liquid or gas) from the body by aspiration. b. To suction (a body part or growth, for example) for the removal of a liquid or gas. n. (-pər-ĭt) 1. Linguistics a. The speech sound represented by English h. b. The puff of air accompanying the release of a stop consonant. c. A speech sound followed by a puff of breath. 2. Medicine Matter removed by aspiration. [Latin aspīrāre, aspīrāt-, to breathe on : ad-, ad- + spīrāre, to breathe.]

Answer 1560

(lē-ä′nə, -ăn′ə) also li·ane (-än′, -ăn′) n. Any of various climbing, woody, usually tropical vines. [Alteration of French liane, probably from lier, to bind, from Old French; see liable.]

Answer 1561

n. 1. Offense or resentment: took umbrage at their rudeness. 2. Archaic a. Shadow or shade: "the Red Maple ... with its cool, deep, yet not oppressive umbrage" (Donald Culross Peattie). b. Trees or foliage affording shade. [Middle English, shade, from Old French, from Latin umbrāticum, neuter of umbrāticus, of shade, from umbra, shadow.]

Answer 1562

(fyo͞og) n. 1. Music A contrapuntal musical composition whose basic structure consists of a theme or themes stated successively in different voices. 2. Psychiatry A dissociative state, usually caused by trauma, marked by sudden travel or wandering away from home and an inability to rememberone's past.

Answer 1563

n. Bitter, long-lasting resentment; deep-seated ill will: He was filled with rancor after losing his job. [Middle English, from Old French, from Late Latin, rancid smell, from Latin rancēre, to stink, be rotten.] ran′cor·ous adj. ran′cor·ous·ly adv. ran′cor·ous·ness n.

Answer 1564

adj. gust·i·er, gust·i·est 1. Blowing in or marked by gusts: a gusty storm. 2. High-flown, wordy, or overwrought: gusty rhetoric. gust′i·ly adv. gust′i·ness n.

Answer 1565

(vĭsh′ē-āt′) tr. v. vi·ti·at·ed, vi·ti·at·ing, vi·ti·ates 1. To reduce the value or quality of; impair or spoil: "His famous compilation of norms was vitiated by a major sampling error" (Frederick Crews). 2. To corrupt morally; debase: "My anxieties ... still are great lest the numerous ... snares of vice should vitiate your early habits of virtue" (Abigail Adams). See Synonyms at corrupt. 3. To make ineffective (a contract or legal stipulation, for example); invalidate. [Latin vitiāre, vitiāt-, from vitium, fault.] vi′ti·a·ble (vĭsh′ē-ə-bəl) adj. vi′ti·a′tion n. vi′ti·a′tor n.

Answer 1566

(prăk′sĭs) n. pl. prax·es (prăk′sēz′) 1. Practical application or exercise of a branch of learning. 2. Habitual or established practice; custom. [Medieval Latin prāxis, from Greek, from prāssein, prāg-, to do.]

Answer 1567

vb 1. (Zoology) (of birds, mammals, reptiles, and arthropods) to shed (feathers, hair, skin, or cuticle) n 2. (Zoology) the periodic process of moulting. See also ecdysis ˈmoulter ˈmolter n

Answer 1568

(yō′nē) n. pl. yo·nis Hinduism A stylized representation of a vulva worshiped as a symbol of a goddess or Shakti. [Sanskrit yoniḥ, womb, abode, source.] Yoni (Sanskrit: योनि yoni, literally "vagina" or "womb") is the symbol of the Goddess (Shakti or Devi), the Hindu Divine Mother. Within Shaivism, the sect dedicated to the god Shiva, the yoni symbolizes his consort. The male counterpart of the yoni is Shivaling. Their union represents the eternal process of creation and regeneration. Since the late 19th century, some have interpreted the yoni and the lingam as aniconic representations of the vulva and a phallus respectively.

Answer 1569

n. 1. Reconciliation or fusion of differing systems of belief, as in philosophy or religion, especially when success is partial or the result is heterogeneous. 2. Linguistics The merging of two or more originally different inflectional forms. [Greek sunkrētismos, union, from sunkrētizein, to unite (in the manner of the Cretan cities) : sun-, syn- + Krēs, Krēt-, Cretan.] syn·cret′ic (-krĕt′ĭk), syn′cre·tis′tic (-krĭ-tĭs′tĭk) adj. syn′cre·tist n.

Answer 1570

n. 1. A vessel in which substances are crushed or ground with a pestle. 2. A machine in which materials are ground and blended or crushed. 3. a. A portable, usually muzzleloading cannon used to fire shells at low velocities, short ranges, and high trajectories. b. A shell fired by such a cannon. c. Any of several similar devices, such as one that shoots life lines across a stretch of water. d. A short, usually stationary, muzzleloading cannon used from the 1700s to early 1900s to fire large round shells at low velocities, short ranges, and high trajectories. 4. Any of various bonding materials used in masonry, surfacing, and plastering, especially a mixture of cement or lime, sand, and water that hardens in place and is used to bind together bricks or stones. tr. v. mor·tared, mor·tar·ing, mor·tars 1. To bombard with mortar shells. 2. To plaster or join with mortar.

Answer 1571

n. A deadening or absence of the sense of pain without loss of consciousness. [Greek analgēsiā : an-, without; see a-1 + algēsiā, pain (from algein, to feel pain, from algos, pain).] an′al·get′ic (-jĕt′ĭk) adj.

Answer 1572

In geometry, the golden angle is the smaller of the two angles created by sectioning the circumference of a circle according to the golden section; that is, into two arcs such that the ratio of the length of the larger arc to the length of the smaller arc is the same as the ratio of the full circumference to the length of the larger arc.

Answer 1573

Neurotrophins are a family of proteins that induce the survival, development, and function of neurons. They belong to a class of growth factors, secreted proteins that are capable of signaling particular cells to survive, differentiate, or grow. Growth factors such as neurotrophins that promote the survival of neurons are known as neurotrophic factors. Neurotrophic factors are secreted by target tissue and act by preventing the associated neuron from initiating programmed cell death - thus allowing the neurons to survive. Neurotrophins also induce differentiation of progenitor cells, to form neurons. Although the vast majority of neurons in the mammalian brain are formed prenatally, parts of the adult brain (for example, the hippocampus) retain the ability to grow new neurons from neural stem cells, a process known as neurogenesis. Neurotrophins are chemicals that help to stimulate and control neurogenesis.

Answer 1574

n. 1. Any of the long, slender, often glossy feathers on the neck of a bird, especially a male fowl. 2. hackles The erectile hairs along the back of the neck of an animal, especially of a dog. 3. A feather, usually from the neck of a chicken, used in trimming a fishing fly. ``` tr.v. hack·led, hack·ling, hack·les To trim (an artificial fishing fly) with a hackle. ```

Answer 1575

adj. 1. Marked by a ready flow of speech; fluent. 2. a. Turning easily on an axis; rotating. b. Botany Twining or twisting: a voluble vine. [Middle English, moving easily, from Old French, from Latin volūbilis, revolving, fluent, from volvere, to roll; see wel- in Indo-European roots.] vol′u·bil′i·ty, vol′u·ble·ness n. vol′u·bly adv.

Answer 1576

(prĭ-sĭd′ē-əm) n. pl. pre·sid·i·a (-ē-ə) or pre·sid·i·ums 1. Any of various permanent executive committees in Communist countries having power to act for a larger governing body. 2. Presidium The executive committee of the Supreme Soviet headed by the president in the former Soviet Union. [Russian prezidium, from Latin praesidium, garrison; see presidio.]

Answer 1577

(dĭv′ət) n. 1. A piece of turf torn up by a golf club in striking a ball, or by a horse's hoof. 2. Scots A thin square of turf or sod used for roofing.

Answer 1578

(kûr′ē-kōm′, kŭr′-) n. A comb with plastic or rubber teeth, used for grooming horses. tr.v. cur·ry·combed, cur·ry·comb·ing, cur·ry·combs To groom with a currycomb.

Answer 1579

(prō′tē-ən, prō-tē′-) adj. 1. Readily taking on varied shapes, forms, or meanings. 2. Exhibiting considerable variety or diversity: "He loved to show off his protean talent" (William A. Henry III). [From Proteus.]

Answer 1580

(kō-kĕt′) n. A woman who regularly makes romantic or sexual overtures; a flirt. [French, feminine of coquet, flirtatious man; see coquet.] co·quet′tish adj. co·quet′tish·ly adv. co·quet′tish·ness n. conquetry (kō′kĭ-trē, kō-kĕt′rē) n. pl. co·quet·ries Dalliance; flirtation.

Answer 1581

n. Any of several herbs of the genus Digitalis, especially D. purpurea of Europe and northern Africa, having a long cluster of large, tubular, pinkish-purple flowers and leaves that are the source of the drug digitalis. Also called digitalis. [From the resemblance of its flowers to the fingers of a glove.]

Answer 1582

(ô′fəl, ŏf′əl) n. 1. Waste parts, especially of a butchered animal. 2. Refuse; rubbish.

Answer 1583

n. 1. a. The generally triangular section of wall at the end of a pitched roof, occupying the space between the two slopes of the roof. b. The whole end wall of a building or wing having a pitched roof. 2. A triangular, usually ornamental architectural section, as one above an arched door or window. [Middle English gable, gavel, from Norman French gable (perhaps of Celtic origin) and from Old Norse gafl; see ghebh-el- in Indo-European roots.] ga′bled adj.

Answer 1584

(ĕk′skəl-pāt′, ĭk-skŭl′-) tr.v. ex·cul·pat·ed, ex·cul·pat·ing, ex·cul·pates To clear of guilt or blame. [Medieval Latin exculpāre, exculpāt- : Latin ex-, ex- + Latin culpa, guilt.] ex·cul′pa·ble (ĭk-skŭl′pə-bəl) adj. ex′cul·pa′tion n. "The unblushing Macdonald, without even endeavouring to exculpate himself from the crime he was charged with, meanly endeavoured to reproach Sophia with ignobly defrauding him of his money."—Love and Friendship by Austen, Jane

Answer 1585

One that makes or sells confections.

Answer 1586

n. 1. A structure, usually brick or stone, built against a wall for support or reinforcement. 2. Something resembling a buttress, as: a. The flared base of certain tree trunks. b. A horny growth on the heel of a horse's hoof. 3. Something that serves to support, prop, or reinforce: "The law is by its very nature a buttress of thestatus quo" (J. William Fulbright). tr. v. but·tressed, but·tress·ing, but·tress·es 1. To support or reinforce with a buttress. 2. To sustain, prop, or bolster: "The author buttresses her analysis with lengthy dissections of several of Moore's poems" (Warren Woessner).

Answer 1587

(ī-kŏn′ə-klăz′əm) n. The beliefs, practices, or doctrine of an iconoclast.

Answer 1588

tr.v. ap·prised, ap·pris·ing, ap·pris·es To give notice to; inform: apprised us of our rights. [French apprendre, appris-, from Old French aprendre, to learn, from Latin apprehendere, apprēndere; see apprentice.]

Answer 1589

(văs′əl) n. 1. A person who held land from a feudal lord and received protection in return for homage and allegiance. 2. A bondman; a slave. 3. A subordinate or dependent.

Answer 1590

(gĭl′dĭng) n. 1. The art or process of applying gilt to a surface. 2. A thin layer of gold or a paint containing or simulating gold; gilt. 3. Something used to give a superficially attractive appearance.

Answer 1591

1. Fine, soft, fluffy feathers forming the first plumage of a young bird and underlying the contour feathers in certain adult birds. 2. Botany A covering of soft, short hairs, as on some leaves or fruit. 3. A soft, silky, or feathery substance, such as the first growth of a human beard.

Answer 1592

1. A close-fitting jacket, with or without sleeves, worn by European men from the late 1300s to around 1650. 2. a. A pair of similar or identical things. b. A member of such a pair. c. Physics A multiplet with two members. 3. Linguistics One of two words derived from the same historical source by different routes of transmission, such as skirt from Scandinavian and shirtfrom English. 4. An imitation gem composed of two parts, as of an inferior stone layered beneath a precious gem. 5. doublets Games A throw of two dice in which the same number of dots appears on the upper face of each.

Answer 1593

v. dis·ar·tic·u·lat·ed, dis·ar·tic·u·lat·ing, dis·ar·tic·u·lates v.tr. To separate at the joints; disjoint. v.intr. To become disjointed. dis′ar·tic′u·la′tion n. dis′ar·tic′u·la′tor n.

Answer 1594

(dā′no͞o-mäN′) n. 1. a. The final resolution or clarification of a dramatic or narrative plot. b. The events following the climax of a drama or novel in which such a resolution or clarification takes place. 2. The outcome of a sequence of events; the end result.

Answer 1595

(ro͞o′bĭ-kənd) adj. Inclined to a healthy rosiness; ruddy. [Latin rubicundus; see reudh- in Indo-European roots.] ru′bi·cun′di·ty (-kŭn′dĭ-tē) n.

Answer 1596

intr.v. in·hered, in·her·ing, in·heres To be inherent or innate. in·her′ence (-hîr′əns, -hĕr′-), in·her′en·cy n.

Answer 1597

An attendant at a gaming table who collects and pays bets.

Answer 1598

n. Any of various small, free-floating, stemless aquatic flowering plants of the genus Lemna and several related genera, growing in dense colonies on the surface of quiet water.

Answer 1599

(chănd′lər) n. 1. One that makes or sells candles. 2. A dealer in nautical supplies. [Middle English chaundeler, from Old French chandelier, from Vulgar Latin \*candēlārius, from Latin candēla, candle; see candle.] chan′dler·y (chănd′lə-rē) n.

Answer 1600

adj. 1. Lying; untruthful: a mendacious child. 2. False; untrue: a mendacious statement. See Synonyms at dishonest. men·da′cious·ly adv.

Answer 1601

(lĕj′ər-də-mān′) n. 1. Sleight of hand. 2. Deceitful cleverness; trickery: financial legerdemain. [Middle English legerdemayn, from Old French leger de main : leger, light (from Vulgar Latin \*leviārius, from Latin levis; see legwh- in Indo-European roots) + de, of (from Latin dē; see de-) + main, hand; see mortmain.]

Answer 1602

(yärl) n. A medieval Scandinavian chieftain or nobleman. [Old Norse.]

Answer 1603

1. A dense, translucent, white or tinted fine-grained gypsum. 2. A variety of hard calcite, translucent and sometimes banded. 3. A pale yellowish pink to yellowish gray.

Answer 1604

(stē′vĭ-dôr′) n. One who is employed in the loading or unloading of ships. tr. & intr.v. ste·ve·dored, ste·ve·dor·ing, ste·ve·dores To load or unload the cargo of (a ship) or to engage in the process of loading or unloading such a vessel.

Answer 1605

Behavior of lines with a common perpendicular in each of the three types of geometry In mathematics, non-Euclidean geometry consists of two geometries based on axioms closely related to those specifying Euclidean geometry. As Euclidean geometry lies at the intersection of metric geometry and affine geometry, non-Euclidean geometry arises when either the metric requirement is relaxed, or the parallel postulate is replaced with an alternative one. In the latter case one obtains hyperbolic geometry and elliptic geometry, the traditional non-Euclidean geometries. When the metric requirement is relaxed, then there are affine planes associated with the planar algebras which give rise to kinematic geometries that have also been called non-Euclidean geometry. The essential difference between the metric geometries is the nature of parallel lines. Euclid's fifth postulate, the parallel postulate, is equivalent to Playfair's postulate, which states that, within a two-dimensional plane, for any given line ℓ and a point A, which is not on ℓ, there is exactly one line through A that does not intersect ℓ. In hyperbolic geometry, by contrast, there are infinitely many lines through A not intersecting ℓ, while in elliptic geometry, any line through A intersects ℓ. Another way to describe the differences between these geometries is to consider two straight lines indefinitely extended in a two-dimensional plane that are both perpendicular to a third line: In Euclidean geometry the lines remain at a constant distance from each other even if extended to infinity, and are known as parallels. In hyperbolic geometry they "curve away" from each other, increasing in distance as one moves further from the points of intersection with the common perpendicular; these lines are often called ultraparallels. In elliptic geometry the lines "curve toward" each other and intersect.

Answer 1606

1. A cleric's house and land, especially the residence of a Presbyterian minister. 2. A large stately residence. 3. Archaic The dwellings belonging to a householder.

Answer 1607

n. 1. Harlequin A conventional buffoon of the commedia dell'arte, traditionally presented in a mask and parti-colored tights. 2. A clown; a buffoon. adj. Having a pattern of brightly colored diamond shapes. [Obsolete French, from Old French Herlequin, Hellequin, a demon, perhaps from Middle English \*Herleking, from Old English Herla cyning, King Herla, a mythical figure identified with Woden.]

Answer 1608

(to͞ot′l-ĕr′ē, tyo͞ot′-) also tu·te·lar (to͞ot′l-ər, -är′, tyo͞ot′-) adj. 1. Being or serving as a guardian or protector: tutelary gods. 2. Of or relating to a guardian or guardianship. n. pl. tu·te·lar·ies also tu·te·lars One that serves as a guardian or protector. [From Latin tūtēlārius, guardian, from tūtēla, tutelage; see tutelage.]

Answer 1609

(fôr-so͞oth′, fər-) adv. In truth; indeed. [Middle English forsoth, from Old English forsōth : for, for; see for + sōth, truth; see sooth.] And the author of "The Astronomy", which is attributed forsooth to Hesiod, always calls them (the Pleiades) Peleiades: `but mortals call them Peleiades'; and again, `the stormy Peleiades go down'; and again, `then the Peleiades hide away.—Collection Of Hesiod, Homer and Homerica by Homer I am not to see, forsooth, that no man does me an injury, or breaks into my home--I am not to take care that all shall go well with me, or that I have clothes to wear, or that my shoes do not require mending, or that I be given work to do, or that I possess sufficient meat and drink?—Poor Folk by Dostoyevsky, Fyodor

Answer 1610

n. A man who is preoccupied with and often vain about his clothes and manners; a dandy. [Middle English, fool; probably akin to Middle English fob, trickster, cheat; see fob.]

Answer 1611

(drɑːft) or draft n 1. a current of air, esp one intruding into an enclosed space 2. a. the act of pulling a load, as by a vehicle or animal b. (as modifier): a draught horse. 3. the load or quantity drawn 4. a portion of liquid to be drunk, esp a dose of medicine 5. the act or an instance of drinking; a gulp or swallow 6. the act or process of drawing air, smoke, etc, into the lungs 7. the amount of air, smoke, etc, inhaled in one breath 8. (Brewing) a. beer, wine, etc, stored in bulk, esp in a cask, as opposed to being bottled b. (as modifier): draught beer. c. on draught drawn from a cask or keg 9. (Chess & Draughts) Also called: draughtsman any one of the 12 flat thick discs used by each player in the game of draughts. US and Canadianequivalent: checker 10. (Nautical Terms) the depth of a loaded vessel in the water, taken from the level of the waterline to the lowest point of the hull 11. feel the draught to be short of money

Answer 1612

(dĭ-mûr′ĭj, -mŭr′-) n. 1. Detention of a ship, freight car, or other cargo conveyance during loading or unloading beyond the scheduled time of departure. 2. Compensation paid for such detention.

Answer 1613

(rĭ-kăl′sĭ-trənt) adj. 1. Stubbornly resistant to or defiant of authority or guidance. See Synonyms at obstinate. 2. Difficult to manage or deal with: a recalcitrant problem. 3. Resistant to chemical decomposition; decomposing extremely slowly. n. A recalcitrant person. [Late Latin recalcitrāns, recalcitrant-, present participle of recalcitrāre, to be disobedient, from Latin, to deny access : re-, re- + calcitrāre, to kick (from calx, calc-, heel).] re·cal′ci·trance, re·cal′ci·tran·cy n.

Answer 1614

(sĕn-tĕn′shəs) adj. 1. Terse and energetic in expression; pithy. 2. Full of or given to using aphorisms, especially in a pompously moralizing manner. [Middle English, from Old French sententieux, from Latin sententiōsus, full of meaning, from sententia, opinion; see sentence.] sen·ten′tious·ly adv. sen·ten′tious·ness n.

Answer 1615

(ĭk-spĕk′tə-rāt′) v. ex·pec·to·rat·ed, ex·pec·to·rat·ing, ex·pec·to·rates v. tr. 1. To eject from the mouth; spit. 2. To cough up and eject by spitting. v. intr. 1. To spit. 2. To clear out the chest and lungs by coughing up and spitting out matter.

Answer 1616

In quantum chemistry and molecular physics, the computation of the energy and the wavefunction of an average-size molecule is a formidable task that is alleviated by the Born–Oppenheimer (BO) approximation, named after Max Born and J. Robert Oppenheimer. For instance the benzene molecule consists of 12 nuclei and 42 electrons. The time independent Schrödinger equation, which must be solved to obtain the energy and wavefunction of this molecule, is a partial differential eigenvalue equation in 162 variables—the spatial coordinates of the electrons and the nuclei. The BO approximation makes it possible to compute the wavefunction in two less complicated consecutive steps. This approximation was proposed in 1927, in the early period of quantum mechanics, by Born and Oppenheimer and is still indispensable in quantum chemistry.

Answer 1617

Aristophanes (/ˌærɨˈstɒfəniːz/ or /ˌɛrɨˈstɒfəniːz/; c. 446 – c. 386 BC) was a comic playwright of ancient Athens. Eleven of his thirty plays survive virtually complete. These, together with fragments of some of his other plays, provide the only real examples of a genre of comic drama known as Old Comedy, and they are used to define the genre. Also known as the Father of Comedy and the Prince of Ancient Comedy, Aristophanes has been said to recreate the life of ancient Athens more convincingly than any other author. His powers of ridicule were feared and acknowledged by influential contemporaries; Plato singled out Aristophanes' play The Clouds as slander that contributed to the trial and subsequent condemning to death of Socrates although other satirical playwrights had also caricatured the philosopher. His second play, The Babylonians (now lost), was denounced by the demagogue Cleon as a slander against the Athenian polis. It is possible that the case was argued in court but details of the trial are not recorded and Aristophanes caricatured Cleon mercilessly in his subsequent plays, especially The Knights, the first of many plays that he directed himself. "In my opinion," he says through the Chorus in that play, "the author-director of comedies has the hardest job of all."

Answer 1618

n. The pearly internal layer of certain mollusk shells, used to make decorative objects. Also called nacre. moth′er-of-pearl′ adj.

Answer 1619

(sä-tôr′ē, sə-) n. Buddhism A spiritual awakening sought in Zen Buddhism, often coming suddenly. [Japanese.]

Answer 1620

tr.v. prof·fered, prof·fer·ing, prof·fers To offer for acceptance; tender: "Mr. van der Luyden ... proffered to Newland low-voiced congratulations" (Edith Wharton). n. The act of proffering; an offer. [Middle English profren, from Old French poroffrir, profrir : por-, forth (from Latin prō-; see pro-1) + offrir, to offer (from Latin offerre; see offer).] prof′fer·er n.

Answer 1621

(ĭng′gət) n. 1. A mass of metal, such as a bar or block, that is cast in a standard shape for convenient storage or shipment. 2. A casting mold for metal.

Answer 1622

n. A physician who evaluates the competence of defendants to stand trial. [Obsolete French aliéniste, psychiatrist : obsolete French aliéné, mentally ill (from past participle of aliéner, to estrange, make hostile, deprive of reason, from Old French, from Latin aliēnāre, to deprive of reason; see alienate) + French -iste, -ist (from Old French; see -ist).]

Answer 1623

(vā′ləns) also va·len·cy (-lən-sē) n. pl. val·lenc·es also val·len·cies 1. Chemistry a. The combining capacity of an atom or group of atoms as determined by the number of electrons it can lose, add, or share when it reacts with other atoms or groups. Also called oxidation state. b. An integer used to represent this capacity, which may be given as positive or negative depending on whether electrons are lost or gained, respectively: The valences of copper are +1 and +2. 2. The number of binding sites of a molecule, such as an antibody or antigen. 3. The number of different antigens contained in a vaccine, corresponding to the number of pathogens that it is active against. 4. Psychology The degree of attraction or aversion that an individual feels toward a specific object or event. 5. Linguistics The number and type of arguments that a lexical item, especially a verb, can combine with to make a syntactically well-formed sentence, often along with a description of the categories of those constituents. Intransitive verbs (appear, arrive) have a valence of one—the subject; some transitive verbs (paint, touch), two—the subject and direct object; other transitive verbs (ask, give), three—the subject, direct object, and indirect object. 6. The capacity of something to unite, react, or interact with something else: "I do not claim to know much more about novels than the writing of them, but I cannot imagine one set in the breathing world which lacks any moral valence" (Robert Stone). [Latin valentia, capacity, from valēns, valent-, present participle of valēre, to be strong; see wal- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1624

The ancient Egyptian god whose annual death and resurrection personified the self-renewing vitality and fertility of nature. Osiris was usually identified as the god of the afterlife, the underworld and the dead. He was classically depicted as a green-skinned man with a pharaoh's beard, partially mummy-wrapped at the legs, wearing a distinctive crown with two large ostrich feathers at either side, and holding a symbolic crook and flail. Osiris was at times considered the oldest son of the earth god Geb, and the sky goddess Nut, as well as being brother and husband of Isis, with Horus being considered his posthumously begotten son. He was also associated with the epithet Khenti-Amentiu, which means "Foremost of the Westerners" — a reference to his kingship in the land of the dead. As ruler of the dead, Osiris was also sometimes called "king of the living", since the Ancient Egyptians considered the blessed dead "the living ones". Osiris was considered the brother of Isis, Set, Nephthys, Horus the Elder and father of Horus the younger. Osiris was considered not only a merciful judge of the dead in the afterlife, but also the underworld agency that granted all life, including sprouting vegetation and the fertile flooding of the Nile River. He was described as the "Lord of love", "He Who is Permanently Benign and Youthful" and the "Lord of Silence". The Kings of Egypt were associated with Osiris in death — as Osiris rose from the dead they would, in union with him, inherit eternal life through a process of imitative magic. By the New Kingdom all people, not just pharaohs, were believed to be associated with Osiris at death, if they incurred the costs of the assimilation rituals. Through the hope of new life after death, Osiris began to be associated with the cycles observed in nature, in particular vegetation and the annual flooding of the Nile, through his links with the heliacal rising of Orion and Sirius at the start of the new year. Osiris was widely worshipped as Lord of the Dead until the suppression of the Egyptian religion during the rise of Christianity in the Roman Empire.

Answer 1625

(lŭb′ər) n. 1. A clumsy person. 2. An inexperienced sailor; a landlubber. [Middle English lobur, lazy lout; akin to lob, lout; see lob.] lub′ber·ly adv. & adj.

Answer 1626

(kŏd) or cod·fish (kŏd′fĭsh′) n. pl. cod or cods or codfish or cod·fish·es 1. See Atlantic cod. 2. Any of various marine fishes of the family Gadidae, which includes the Atlantic cod and the haddock. n. 1. Archaic A husk or pod. 2. Archaic The scrotum. 3. Obsolete A bag.

Answer 1627

(ĭn′ĭ-lŭk′tə-bəl) adj. Not to be avoided or escaped; inevitable: "Those war plans rested on a belief in the ineluctable superiority of the offense over the defense" (Jack Beatty). in′e·luc′ta·bil′i·ty n. in′e·luc′ta·bly adv.

Answer 1628

n. 1. the lock of hair that grows from the fore part of the head. 2. (of a horse) a tuft of hair above or on the forehead.

Answer 1629

(ä-gä′pā, ä′gə-pā′) n. 1. Christianity a. Love as revealed in Jesus, seen as spiritual and selfless and a model for humanity. b. In the early Christian Church and some modern churches, the love feast accompanied by Eucharistic celebration. 2. Love that is spiritual, not sexual, in its nature. [Greek agapē, love.]

Answer 1630

``` tr.v. tilled, till·ing, tills To prepare (land) for the raising of crops, as by plowing and harrowing; cultivate. ``` [Middle English tillen, from Old English tilian.] till′a·ble adj.

Answer 1631

Samuel Liddell (or Liddel) MacGregor Mathers (1854 – 1918) was a British occultist. He is primarily known as one of the founders of the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, a ceremonial magic order of which offshoots still exist today.

Answer 1632

n. 1. A wall or embankment raised as a defensive fortification; a rampart. 2. Something serving as a defense or safeguard: "We have seen the necessity of the Union, as our bulwark against foreign danger" (James Madison). 3. A breakwater. 4. often bulwarks The part of a ship's side that is above the upper deck. tr. v. bul·warked, bul·wark·ing, bul·warks 1. To fortify with a wall, embankment, or rampart. 2. To provide defense or protection for: "the wetland that bulwarked the pond" (Edward Hoagland). [Middle English bulwerk, from Middle Dutch bolwerk, from Middle High German bolwerc : bole, plank; see bhel- in Indo-European roots + werc, work (from Old High German; see werg- in Indo-European roots).] Synonyms: bulwark, barricade, breastwork, earthwork, rampart, bastion, parapet These nouns refer literally to structures used as a defense against attack. A bulwark is a strong defensive barrier, often an embankment or wall-like fortification, from which fire can be directed. A barricade is an improvised barrier meant to stop or slow an advancing threat. Breastwork denotes a low defensive wall, especially a temporary one hurriedly built. An earthwork is an embankment made of soil, and may include a trench or moat. A rampart, the main defensive structure around a guarded place, is permanent, high, and broad. A bastion is a projecting section of a fortification from which defenders have a wide range of view and fire. Parapet applies to any low fortification, typically a wall atop a rampart. Of these words bulwark, bastion, and rampart are the most frequently used to refer figuratively to something regarded as being a safeguard or a source of protection: "The only sure bulwark of continuing liberty is a government strong enough to protect the interests of the people, and a people strong enough ... to maintain its sovereign control over its government" (Franklin D. Roosevelt). "the University of Virginia, a school founded by Jefferson to be a bastion of free thought" (Garry Wills). "The sense of being a couple ... is the strongest rampart against the relentless threat of our divorce culture" (Judith S. Wallerstein).

Answer 1633

n. Any of the wood, steel, or concrete beams set parallel from wall to wall or across or abutting girders to support a floor or ceiling. tr.v. joist·ed, joist·ing, joists To construct with joists. [Middle English giste, joiste, from Old French giste, from feminine past participle of gesir, to lie, lie down, from Latin iacēre; see yē- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1634

(frĕsh′ĭt) n. 1. A sudden overflow of a stream resulting from a heavy rain or a thaw. 2. A stream of fresh water that empties into a body of salt water.

Answer 1635

n. pl. cir·ri& (sîr′ī′) 1. A high-altitude cloud composed of narrow bands or patches of thin, generally white, fleecy parts. 2. Biology a. A tendril. b. A slender flexible appendage, such as a tuft of fused cilia of certain protozoans or one of the feathery appendages of abarnacle.

Answer 1636

(pĭk′ə-ro͞on′) n. 1. a. A pirate. b. A pirate ship. 2. See picaro. intr.v. pic·a·rooned, pic·a·roon·ing, pic·a·roons To act as a pirate. [Spanish picarón, augmentative of pícaro, picaro; see picaro.]

Answer 1637

(kä′lē) n. Hinduism One of the manifestations and cult titles of the wife of Shiva and mother goddess Devi, especially in her malevolent role as a goddess of death and destruction, depicted as black, red-eyed, blood-stained, and wearing a necklace of skulls.

Answer 1638

The vault or expanse of the heavens; the sky.

Answer 1639

(tär′tər-əs) n. 1. (Classical Myth & Legend) an abyss under Hades where the Titans were imprisoned 2. (Classical Myth & Legend) a part of Hades reserved for evildoers 3. (Classical Myth & Legend) the underworld; Hades 4. (Classical Myth & Legend) a primordial god who became the father of the monster Typhon Tar·tar′e·an (-târ′ē-ən) adj.

Answer 1640

(ŏk′tə-jə-nâr′ē-ən) adj. Being between 80 and 90 years of age. n. A person between 80 and 90 years of age. [From French octogénaire, from Latin octōgēnārius, containing eighty, from octōgēnī, eighty each, from octōgintā, eighty : octō, eight; see oktō(u) in Indo-European roots + -gintā, ten times; see dekm̥ in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1641

adj. 1. Expressing or characterized by warmth of feeling; passionate: an ardent lover. 2. Displaying or characterized by strong enthusiasm or devotion; fervent: "an impassioned age, so ardent and serious in its pursuit of art" (Walter Pater). 3. a. Burning; fiery. b. Glowing; shining: ardent eyes. [Middle English ardaunt, from Old French ardant, from Latin ārdēns, ārdent-, present participle of ārdēre, to burn; see as- in Indo-European roots.] ar′den·cy (-dn-sē) n. ar′dent·ly adv.

Answer 1642

n. 1. The act of anointing as part of a religious, ceremonial, or healing ritual. 2. An ointment or oil; a salve. 3. Something that serves to soothe; a balm. 4. Affected or exaggerated earnestness, especially in choice and use of language. [Middle English, from Latin ūnctiō, ūnctiōn-, from ūnctus, past participle of unguere, to anoint.]

Answer 1643

(drŏs, drôs) n. 1. Waste or impure matter: discarded the dross after recycling the wood pulp. 2. The scum that forms on the surface of molten metal as a result of oxidation. 3. Worthless, commonplace, or trivial matter: "He was wide-awake and his mind worked clearly, purged of all dross" (Vladimir Nabokov). [Middle English dros, from Old English drōs, dregs.] dross′y adj.

Answer 1644

n. pl. lor·ries Chiefly British A motor truck.

Answer 1645

Excessive desire, especially for wealth; covetousness or avarice.

Answer 1646

(bŏm′bə-zēn′) n. A fine twilled fabric usually of silk and worsted or cotton, traditionally dyed black and used for mourning clothes. [French bombasin, from Medieval Latin bambacīnum, cotton fabric, from bombax, bombac-, cotton, from Latin bombȳx, silk, silkworm, from Greek bombūx, silkworm.]

Answer 1647

prow (prou) n. 1. Nautical The forward part of a ship's hull; the bow. 2. A projecting forward part, such as the front end of a ski.

Answer 1648

(pĭr′o͞o-ĕt′) n. A full turn of the body on the point of the toe or the ball of the foot in ballet. intr. v. pir·ou·et·ted, pir·ou·et·ting, pir·ou·ettes To execute a pirouette. [French, from Old French pirouet, spinning top.]

Answer 1649

(môr′fēm′) n. A meaningful linguistic unit that cannot be divided into smaller meaningful parts. The word man and the suffix -ed (as in walked) are morphemes. mor·phem′ic adj. mor·phem′i·cal·ly adv.

Answer 1650

(ĭ-mĕt′ĭk) adj. Causing vomiting. n. An agent that causes vomiting.

Answer 1651

Immoderate desire for wealth; cupidity. avaricious

Answer 1652

(lō-kwā′shəs) adj. Very talkative; garrulous. [From Latin loquāx, loquāc-, from loquī, to speak; see tolkw- in Indo-European roots.] lo·qua′cious·ly adv. lo·qua′cious·ness, lo·quac′i·ty (lō-kwăs′ĭ-tē) n.

Answer 1653

(ĭd′ē-ə-grăm′, ī′dē-) n. 1. A character or symbol representing an idea or a thing without expressing the pronunciation of a particular word or words for it, as in the traffic sign commonly used for "no parking" or "parking prohibited." Also called ideograph. 2. See logogram. 3. A graphic symbol, such as &, $, or @. id′e·o·gram·mat′ic (-grə-măt′ĭk) adj. id′e·o·gram·mat′i·cal·ly adv.

Answer 1654

n. Scots The owner of a landed estate. [Scots, from Middle English lard, variant of lord, owner, master; see lord.]

Answer 1655

(thô′mə-tûr′jē) n. The working of miracles or magic feats. thau′ma·tur′gic, thau′ma·tur′gi·cal adj.

Answer 1656

1. A vessel made of a refractory substance such as graphite or porcelain, used for melting and calcining materials at high temperatures. 2. a. An extremely difficult experience or situation; a severe test or trial: "the emotional crucible of a wartimedeployment" (Kristin Henderson). See Synonyms at trial. b. A place, time, or situation in which different social forces or intellectual influences come together and cause newdevelopments: "Macroeconomics ... was cast in the crucible of the Depression" (Peter Passell).

Answer 1657

Sola fide (Latin: by faith alone), also historically known as the doctrine of justification by faith alone, is a Christian theological doctrine that distinguishes most Protestant denominations from Catholicism, Orthodox Christianity, and some in the Restoration Movement. The doctrine of sola fide or "by faith alone" asserts God's pardon for guilty sinners is granted to and received through faith, conceived as excluding all "works," alone. All mankind, it is asserted, is fallen and sinful, under the curse of God, and incapable of saving itself from God's wrath and curse. But God, on the basis of the life, death, and resurrection of his Son, Jesus Christ alone (solus Christus), grants sinners judicial pardon, or justification, which is received solely through faith. Historic Protestantism (both Lutheran and Reformed) has held to sola-fide justification in opposition to Roman Catholicism especially, but also in opposition to significant aspects of Eastern Orthodoxy. Protestants exclude all human works (except the works of Jesus Christ, which form the basis of justification) from the legal verdict (or pardon) of justification. solifidianism

Answer 1658

John Stuart Mill (1806 – 1873) was a British philosopher, political economist and civil servant. He was an influential contributor to social theory, political theory and political economy. He has been called "the most influential English-speaking philosopher of the nineteenth century". Mill's conception of liberty justified the freedom of the individual in opposition to unlimited state control. Mill expresses his view on freedom by illustrating how an individual's amelioration of personal quality and self-improvement is the sole source of true freedom. Only when an individual is able to attain such a beneficial standard of one's self, whilst in the absence of rendering external onerosity upon others, in their own journey to procure a higher calibre of self-worth, can true freedom prevail. Mill's attitude toward freedom and individual accomplishment through self-improvement has inspired many. By establishing an appreciable level of worthiness concerned with one's ability to fulfill personal standards of notability and merit, Mill was able to provide many with a principal example of how they should achieve such particular values. He was a proponent of utilitarianism, an ethical theory developed by Jeremy Bentham. He worked on the theory of the scientific method. Mill was also a Member of Parliament and an important figure in liberal political philosophy.

Answer 1659

adj. 1. Of, relating to, containing, or conveying semen or seed. 2. Of, relating to, or having the power to originate; creative. 3. Highly influential in an original way; constituting or providing a basis for further development: a seminal idea in the creation of a new theory. [Middle English, from Old French, from Latin sēminālis, from sēmen, sēmin-, seed; see semen.] sem′i·nal·ly adv.

Answer 1660

tr. v. de·na·tured, de·na·tur·ing, de·na·tures 1. To change the nature or natural qualities of. 2. To render unfit to eat or drink without destroying usefulness in other applications, especially to add methanol to (ethyl alcohol). 3. Biochemistry a. To cause the tertiary structure of (a protein) to unfold, as with heat, alkali, or acid, so that some of its original properties, especially its biological activity, are diminished or eliminated. b. To cause the paired strands of (double-stranded DNA) to separate into individual single strands. 4. Physics To add nonfissionable matter to (fissionable material) so as to prevent use in an atomic weapon. de·na′tur·ant n. de·na′tur·a′tion n.

Answer 1661

also tab·ou·ret (tăb′ə-rĕt′, -rā′) n. 1. A low stool. 2. A low table or cabinet. 3. An embroidery frame. [French tabouret, from Old French taburet, diminutive of tabur, tabor; see tabor.]

Answer 1662

adj. 1. a. Capable of or subject to change or alteration. b. Prone to frequent change; inconstant: mutable weather patterns. 2. Tending to undergo genetic mutation: a mutable organism; a mutable gene. [Middle English, from Latin mūtābilis, from mūtāre, to change; see mutate.] mu′ta·bil′i·ty n. mu′ta·bly adv.

Answer 1663

(mĭn′strəl-sē) n. pl. min·strel·sies 1. The art or profession of a minstrel. 2. A troupe of minstrels. 3. Ballads and lyrics sung by minstrels. [Middle English minstralsie, from Anglo-Norman menestralsie, from Old French menestrel, entertainer; see minstrel.]

Answer 1664

adj. 1. Of foremost importance; paramount: a cardinal rule; cardinal sins. 2. Dark to deep or vivid red. n. 1. Abbr. Card. Roman Catholic Church A high church official, ranking just below the pope, who has beenappointed by a pope to membership in the College of Cardinals. 2. A dark to deep or vivid red. 3. A North American bird (Cardinalis cardinalis) having a crested head, a short thick bill, and bright redplumage in the male. 4. A short hooded cloak, originally of scarlet cloth, worn by women in the 1700s. 5. A cardinal number.

Answer 1665

(grăn′ə-rē, grā′nə-) n. pl. gran·a·ries 1. A building for storing threshed grain. 2. A region yielding much grain.

Answer 1666

(dĭ-bouch′, -bo͞osh′) v. de·bouched, de·bouch·ing, de·bouch·es v. intr. 1. To march from a narrow or confined area into the open. 2. To emerge; issue: "His companions still lay in the bed of the ravine, through which the smaller stream debouched" (James Fenimore Cooper). v.tr. To cause to emerge or issue.

Answer 1667

(kwûrn) n. A primitive hand-turned grain mill.

Answer 1668

(so͞o′pər-ĕr′ə-gāt′) intr.v. su·per·er·o·gat·ed, su·per·er·o·gat·ing, su·per·er·o·gates To do more than is required, ordered, or expected. [Late Latin superērogāre, superērogāt-, to spend over and above : Latin super-, super- + Latin ērogāre, to spend (ē-, ex-, ex- + rogāre, to ask; see reg- in Indo-European roots).] su′per·er′o·ga′tion (-gā′shən) n.

Answer 1669

(wō′bĭ-gôn′, -gŏn′) adj. 1. Feeling, showing, or expressing deep sorrow, grief, or wretchedness: "He was woebegone at the thought of losing my mother's voice from the choir" (John Irving). See Synonyms at sad. 2. Of an inferior or deplorable condition: a rundown, woebegone old shack. woe′be·gone′ness n.

Answer 1670

or ac·cou·ter·ment (ə-ko͞o′trə-mənt, -tər-) n. 1. often accoutrements An accessory item of equipment or dress. 2. often accoutrements Military equipment other than uniforms and weapons. 3. accoutrements Outward forms of recognition; trappings: cathedral ceilings, heated swimming pools, and other accoutrements signaling great wealth. 4. Archaic The act of accoutring.

Answer 1671

(plē′nə-rē, plĕn′ə-) adj. 1. Complete in all respects; unlimited or full: a diplomat with plenary powers. 2. Fully attended by all qualified members: a plenary session of the council. [Late Latin plēnārius, from Latin plēnus, full; see pelə- in Indo-European roots.] ple′na·ri·ly adv.

Answer 1672

(păl′ē-āt′) tr.v. pal·li·at·ed, pal·li·at·ing, pal·li·ates 1. a. To make less severe or intense; mitigate. See Synonyms at relieve. b. To alleviate the symptoms of (a disease or disorder). 2. To make (an offense or crime) seem less serious; extenuate. [Middle English palliaten, from Late Latin palliāre, palliāt-, to cloak, palliate, from Latin pallium, cloak.] pal′li·a′tion n. pal′li·a′tor n. palliative adj.

Answer 1673

(fyo͞o′mə-rōl′) n. A hole in a volcanic area from which hot smoke and gases escape. [Italian fumarola, from Late Latin fūmāriolum, smoke hole, diminutive of Latin fūmārium, smoke chamber, from fūmus, smoke.] fu′ma·rol′ic (-rŏl′ĭk) adj.

Answer 1674

(kăt´å`frăkt) n. 1. (Mil. Antiq.) Defensive armor used for the whole body and often for the horse, also, esp. the linked mail or scale armor of some eastern nations. 2. A horseman covered with a cataphract. Archers and slingers, cataphracts, and spears. - Milton. 3. (Zool.) The armor or plate covering some fishes.

Answer 1675

n. 1. a. A fence of pales forming a defense barrier or fortification. b. One of the pales of such a fence. 2. palisades A line of lofty steep cliffs, usually along a river. tr.v. pal·i·sad·ed, pal·i·sad·ing, pal·i·sades To equip or fortify with palisades or a palisade. [French palissade, from Old French, from Old Provençal palissada, from palissa, stake, from Vulgar Latin \*pālīcea, from Latin pālus; see pag- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1676

n. 1. The superior of a monastery. 2. Used as a title for such a person.

Answer 1677

n. Archaic 1. The vault of heaven; the sky. 2. The upper air. [Middle English welken, from Old English wolcen, weolcen, cloud.]

Answer 1678

n. A small brook or stream; a streamlet.

Answer 1679

(kŏps) n. A thicket of small trees or shrubs; a coppice. [Middle English copys, from Old French copeiz, thicket for cutting, from coper, couper, to cut; see cope1.]

Answer 1680

(trăns-lĭt′ə-rāt′, trănz-) ``` tr.v. trans·lit·er·at·ed, trans·lit·er·at·ing, trans·lit·er·ates To represent (letters or words) in the corresponding characters of another alphabet. ``` [trans- + Latin littera, lītera, letter + -ate.] trans·lit′er·a′tion (-ə-rā′shən) n.

Answer 1681

(drī′əd, -ăd′) n. Greek Mythology A divinity presiding over forests and trees; a wood nymph.

Answer 1682

n. pl. grot·toes or grot·tos 1. A small cave or cavern. 2. An artificial structure or excavation made to resemble a cave or cavern. [Alteration of Italian grotta, from Vulgar Latin \*grupta, from Latin crypta, vault; see crypt.]

Answer 1683

(hŏb′əl-dē-hoi′) n. pl. hob·ble·de·hoys A gawky adolescent boy. n 1. a clumsy or bad-mannered youth

Answer 1684

n. A large sailing ship. wind′jam′ming n.

Answer 1685

tr.v. be·stirred, be·stir·ring, be·stirs To cause to become active; rouse: finally bestirred himself to look for work.

Answer 1686

(bī′fər-kāt′, bī-fûr′-) v. bi·fur·cat·ed, bi·fur·cat·ing, bi·fur·cates v.tr. To divide into two parts or branches. v.intr. To separate into two parts or branches; fork. adj. (-kāt′, -kĭt) Forked or divided into two parts or branches, as the Y-shaped styles of certain flowers. [Medieval Latin bifurcāre, bifurcāt-, to divide, from Latin bifurcus, two-pronged : bi-, two; see bi-1 + furca, fork.] bi′fur·cate′ly adv. bi′fur·ca′tion n.

Answer 1687

(ĭs′məs) n. pl. isth·mus·es or isth·mi (-mī′) 1. A narrow strip of land connecting two larger masses of land. 2. Anatomy a. A narrow strip of tissue joining two larger organs or parts of an organ. b. A narrow passage connecting two larger cavities. [Latin, from Greek isthmos.]

Answer 1688

n. 1. The act of resting or the state of being at rest. 2. Freedom from worry; peace of mind. 3. Calmness; tranquility. v. re·posed, re·pos·ing, re·pos·es v. tr. 1. To lay (oneself) down. 2. To rest or relax (oneself). v. intr. 1. To lie at rest. 2. To lie dead: repose in a grave. 3. To lie while being supported by something. [From Middle English reposen, to be at rest, from Old French reposer, from Late Latin repausāre, to cause to rest : Latin re-, re- + Latin pausāre, to rest (from pausa, rest; see pause).] re·pos′al n. re·pos′er n.

Answer 1689

(săl′yə-tĕr′ē) adj. 1. Effecting or designed to effect an improvement; remedial: salutary advice. 2. Favorable to health; wholesome: a salutary climate. [Middle English saluter, from Old French salutaire, from Latin salūtāris, from salūs, salūt-, health; see sol- in Indo-European roots.] sal′u·tar′i·ly (-târ′ə-lē) adv. sal′u·tar′i·ness n.

Answer 1690

(sä′mə-dē, săl′mə-) n. pl. psalm·o·dies 1. The act or practice of singing psalms in divine worship. 2. The composition or arranging of psalms for singing. 3. A collection of psalms. [Middle English psalmodie, from Late Latin psalmōdia, from Greek psalmōidiā, singing to the harp : psalmos, psalm; see psalm + ōidē, aoidē, song; see ode.] psalm′o·dist n.

Answer 1691

Johann Adam Weishaupt (1748 – 1830) was a German philosopher and founder of the Order of the Illuminati, a secret society. On May day 1776 Johann Adam Weishaupt founded the "Illuminati" in the Electorate of Bavaria. He adopted the name of "Brother Spartacus" within the order. Even Encyclopedia references vary on the goal of the order, such as New Advent saying the Order was not egalitarian or democratic internally, and sought to promote the doctrines of equality and freedom throughout society; while others like Collier's have said the aim was to combat religion and foster rationalism in its place. The actual character of the society was an elaborate network of spies and counter-spies. Each isolated cell of initiates reported to a superior, whom they did not know: a party structure that was effectively adopted by some later groups. Weishaupt was initiated into the Masonic Lodge "Theodor zum guten Rath", at Munich in 1777. His project of "illumination, enlightening the understanding by the sun of reason, which will dispel the clouds of superstition and of prejudice" was an unwelcome reform. He used Freemasonry to recruit for his own quasi-masonic society, with the goal of "perfecting human nature" through re-education to achieve a communal state with nature, freed of government and organized religion. Presenting their own system as pure masonry, Weishaupt and Adolph Freiherr Knigge, who organised his ritual structure, greatly expanded the secret organisation. Contrary to Immanuel Kant's famous dictum that Enlightenment (and Weishaupt's Order was in some respects an expression of the Enlightenment Movement) was the passage by man out of his 'self-imposed immaturity' through daring to 'make use of his own reason, without the guidance of another,' Weishaupt's Order of Illuminati prescribed in great detail everything which the members had obediently to read and think, so that Dr. Wolfgang Riedel has commented that this approach to illumination or enlightenment constituted a degradation and twisting of the Kantian principle of Enlightenment. Riedel writes: 'The independence of thought and judgement required by Kant ... was specifically prevented by the Order of the Illuminati's rules and regulations. Enlightenment takes place here, if it takes place at all, precisely under the direction of another, namely under that of the "Superiors" [of the Order]. Weishaupt's radical rationalism and vocabulary was not likely to succeed. Writings that were intercepted in 1784 were interpreted as seditious, and the Society was banned by the government of Karl Theodor, Elector of Bavaria, in 1784. Weishaupt lost his position at the University of Ingolstadt and fled Bavaria.

Answer 1692

(wôl′ī′) n, pl -eyes or -eye 1. (Pathology) a divergent squint 2. (Pathology) opacity of the cornea 3. (Physiology) an eye having a white or light-coloured iris 4. (Zoology) (in some collies) an eye that is particoloured white and blue 5. (Animals) Also called: walleyed pike a North American pikeperch, Stizostedion vitreum, valued as a food and game fish 6. (Animals) any of various other fishes having large staring eyes [back formation from earlier walleyed, from Old Norse vagleygr, from vage, perhaps: a film over the eye (compare Swedish vagel sty in the eye) + -eygr -eyed, from auga eye; modern form influenced by wall] ˈ wallˌeyed adj

Answer 1693

(ĭn-făn′tə, -fän′-) n. A daughter of a Spanish or Portuguese king.

Answer 1694

(kə-mō′dē-əs) adj. 1. Spacious; roomy: "I told them that I wished to rent a furnished house not too near the town, commodious enough to allow for two separate suites of rooms" (Jean Rhys). See Synonyms at spacious. 2. Archaic Suitable; handy. [Middle English, convenient, from Medieval Latin commodiōsus, from Latin commodus : com-, com- + modus, measure; see med- in Indo-European roots.] com·mo′di·ous·ly adv. com·mo′di·ous·ness n.

Answer 1695

(dĭl′ə-tôr′ē) adj. 1. Causing or intended to cause delay: dilatory tactics in the legislature. 2. Characterized by or given to delay or slowness: dilatory in his work habits. See Synonyms at slow. [Middle English dilatorie, from Latin dīlātōrius, from dīlātor, delayer, from dīlātus, past participle of differre, to delay : dī-, dis-, apart; see lātus in Indo-European roots.] dil′a·to′ri·ly adv. dil′a·to′ri·ness n.

Answer 1696

(frŏnd) n. 1. A leaf of a fern. 2. A large compound leaf of a palm. 3. A leaflike thallus, as of a seaweed or lichen.

Answer 1697

adj. 1. Having sediment or foreign particles stirred up or suspended; muddy: turbid water. 2. Heavy, dark, or dense, as smoke or fog. 3. In a state of turmoil; muddled: turbid feelings. [Latin turbidus, disordered, from turba, turmoil, probably from Greek turbē.] tur′bid·ly adv. tur′bid·ness, tur·bid′i·ty n.

Answer 1698

adj. 1. Of, relating to, having the nature of, or affected by sepsis. 2. Causing sepsis; putrefactive. [Latin sēpticus, putrefying, from Greek sēptikos, from sēptos, rotten, from sēpein, to make rotten.] sep·tic′i·ty (-tĭs′ĭ-tē) n.

Answer 1699

(tĭngk′chər) n. 1. A coloring or dyeing substance; a pigment. 2. An imparted color; a tint. 3. A quality that colors, pervades, or distinguishes. 4. A trace or vestige: "a faint tincture of condescension" (Robert Craft). 5. An alcohol solution of a nonvolatile medicine: tincture of iodine. 6. Heraldry A metal, color, or fur. tr. v. tinc·tured, tinc·tur·ing, tinc·tures 1. To stain or tint with a color. 2. To infuse, as with a quality; impregnate. [Middle English, from Latin tīnctūra, a dyeing, from tīnctus, past participle of tingere, to dye.]

Answer 1700

n. 1. a. A southern European plant (Mandragora officinarum) in the nightshade family, having greenish-yellow flowers and a branched root. This plant was once believed to have magical powers because its root resembles the human body. b. The root of this plant, which contains the poisonous alkaloid hyoscyamine. In both senses also called mandragora. 2. See mayapple. [Middle English, alteration (influenced by drake, dragon) of mandragora, from Old English, from Latin mandragorās, from Greek.]

Answer 1701

An island of southeast Massachusetts south of Cape Cod, from which it is separated by Nantucket Sound, an arm of the Atlantic Ocean. Settled in 1659, the island was part of New York until 1692, when it was ceded to Massachusetts. It was a whaling center until the mid-1850s and is now a popular resort. Nan·tuck′et·er n.

Answer 1702

(sĕm′pĭ-tûr′nəl) adj. Enduring forever; eternal. [Middle English, from Old French sempiternel, from Late Latin sempiternālis, from Latin sempiternus : semper, always; see sem- in Indo-European roots + aeternus, eternal; see aiw- in Indo-European roots.] sem′pi·ter′ni·ty (-nĭ-tē) n. "Sea of Serenity, Sea of Tranquillity, Ocean of the Lunar Storms, merged into one lucent drop, itself to slip into the sempiternal dawn."

Answer 1703

Twilight; dusk.

Answer 1704

n. The flesh of fully grown sheep.

Answer 1705

(ô′tə-nŏm′ĭk) adj. 1. Physiology a. Of, relating to, or controlled by the autonomic nervous system. b. Occurring involuntarily; automatic: an autonomic reflex. 2. Resulting from internal stimuli; spontaneous. au′to·nom′i·cal·ly adv.

Answer 1706

(ăr′ə-bĕsk′) n. 1. A ballet position executed while standing on one straight leg with one arm extended forward and the other arm and leg extended backward. 2. A complex, ornate design of intertwined floral, foliate, and geometric figures. 3. Music An ornate, whimsical composition especially for piano. 4. An intricate or elaborate pattern or design: "the complex arabesque of a camera movement" (Nigel Andrews). adj. In the fashion of or formed as an arabesque. [French, from Italian arabesco, in Arabian fashion, from Arabo, an Arab, from Latin Arabus, from Arabs; see Arab.]

Answer 1707

(ĕs′kə-tŏl′ə-jē) n. 1. The branch of theology that is concerned with the end of the world or of humankind. 2. A belief or a doctrine concerning the ultimate or final things, such as death, the destiny of humanity, the Second Coming, or the Last Judgment. [Greek eskhatos, last; see eghs in Indo-European roots + -logy.] es·chat′o·log′i·cal (ĭ-skăt′l-ŏj′ĭ-kəl, ĕs′kə-tə-lŏj′-) adj. es·chat′o·log′i·cal·ly adv. es′cha·tol′o·gist n.

Answer 1708

(fyôrd) n. A long, narrow, deep inlet of the sea between steep slopes, especially one shaped by glacial action.

Answer 1709

(vī′kount′) n. 1. A nobleman ranking below an earl or count and above a baron. 2. Used as a title for such a nobleman. [Middle English, from Old French visconte, from Medieval Latin vicecomes, vicecomit- : Late Latin vice-, vice- + Late Latin comes, occupant of any state office; see count.]

Answer 1710

Zeno's paradoxes are a set of philosophical problems generally thought to have been devised by Greek philosopher Zeno of Elea to support Parmenides's doctrine that contrary to the evidence of one's senses, the belief in plurality and change is mistaken, and in particular that motion is nothing but an illusion. It is usually assumed, based on Plato's Parmenides (128a–d), that Zeno took on the project of creating these paradoxes because other philosophers had created paradoxes against Parmenides's view. Thus Plato has Zeno say the purpose of the paradoxes "is to show that their hypothesis that existences are many, if properly followed up, leads to still more absurd results than the hypothesis that they are one." Some of Zeno's nine surviving paradoxes (preserved in Aristotle's Physics and Simplicius's commentary thereon) are essentially equivalent to one another. Three of the strongest and most famous—that of Achilles and the tortoise, the Dichotomy argument, and that of an arrow in flight—are presented in detail below. Zeno's arguments are perhaps the first examples of a method of proof called reductio ad absurdum also known as proof by contradiction. They are also credited as a source of the dialectic method used by Socrates.

Answer 1711

Immanuel Kant (1724 – 1804) was a German philosopher. He argued that fundamental concepts structure human experience, and that reason is the source of morality. Kant's major work, the Critique of Pure Reason aimed to explain the relationship between reason and human experience. With this project, he hoped to move beyond what he took to be failures of traditional philosophy and metaphysics. He attempted to put an end to what he considered an era of futile and speculative theories of human experience, while resisting the skepticism of thinkers such as David Hume. Kant argued that our experiences are structured by necessary features of our minds. In his view, the mind shapes and structures experience so that, on an abstract level, all human experience shares certain essential structural features. Among other things, Kant believed that the concepts of space and time are integral to all human experience, as are our concepts of cause and effect. One important consequence of this view is that one never has direct experience of things, the so-called noumenal world, and that what we do experience is the phenomenal world as conveyed by our senses. These claims summarize Kant's views upon the subject–object problem.

Answer 1712

(bŏd′kĭn) n. 1. A small, sharply pointed instrument for making holes in fabric or leather. 2. A blunt needle for pulling tape or ribbon through a series of loops or a hem. 3. A long hairpin, usually with an ornamental head. 4. Printing An awl or pick for extracting letters from set type. 5. A dagger or stiletto.

Answer 1713

n. 1. The vitreous mass left as a residue by the smelting of metallic ore. 2. See scoria. tr. & intr.v. slagged, slag·ging, slags To change into or form slag.

Answer 1714

n. 1. A device made of rope or straps that fits around the head of an animal and is used to lead or secure the animal. 2. Archaic a. A rope with a noose used for execution by hanging. b. Death or execution by hanging. 3. A garment having a front supported by a strap or straps running behind the neck, leaving the arms, shoulders, and back bare. adj. Of, relating to, or being a garment having a front that is supported by a strap or straps running behind the neck: a halter dress. tr. v. hal·tered, hal·ter·ing, hal·ters 1. To put a halter on. 2. To control with or as if with a halter. 3. Archaic To hang (someone).

Answer 1715

(ĭth′ə-făl′ĭk) adj. 1. Of or relating to the phallus carried in the ancient festival of Bacchus. 2. Having the penis erect. Used of graphic and sculptural representations. 3. Lascivious; salacious. [Late Latin īthyphallicus, from Greek īthuphallikos, from īthuphallos, erect phallus : īthus, straight + phallos, phallus; see bhel- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1716

(fĕ-sto͞on′) n. 1. A string or garland, as of leaves or flowers, suspended in a loop or curve between two points. 2. A representation of such a string or garland, as in painting or sculpture. tr. v. fes·tooned, fes·toon·ing, fes·toons 1. To decorate with or as if with festoons; hang festoons on. 2. To form or make into festoons.

Answer 1717

1. a. Deception or trickery: The purchaser believed that the product was new only by artifice of the seller. b. Something contrived or made up to achieve an end, especially by deceiving; a stratagem or ruse: "From the beginning, 'compassionateconservatism' was an artifice designed to mask Bush's conservatism from an electorate that did not want a sharp rightward turn" (JonathanChait). 2. a. Cleverness or ingenuity in making or doing something; art or skill: "Literary artifice is the only means that a writer has at his disposal. Howelse can he convey his impression of life?" (Harry Levin). b. An artistic device or convention: artifices such as conceits and puns.

Answer 1718

adj. 1. Skeptical; disbelieving: incredulous of stories about flying saucers. 2. Expressive of disbelief: an incredulous stare. [From Latin incrēdulus : in-, not; see in-1 + crēdulus, believing; see credulous.] in·cred′u·lous·ly adv. in·cred′u·lous·ness n. incredulity n.

Answer 1719

adj. Expressing sorrow; mournful or melancholy. [Middle English plaintif, from Old French, aggrieved, lamenting, from plaint, complaint; see plaint.] plain′tive·ly adv. plain′tive·ness n.

Answer 1720

v. can·non·ad·ed, can·non·ad·ing, can·non·ades v.tr. To assault with heavy artillery fire. v.intr. To deliver heavy artillery fire. n. 1. An extended, usually heavy discharge of artillery. 2. A harsh verbal or physical attack.

Answer 1721

n. 1. Patient endurance, especially of pain or distress. 2. Suffering; misery. 3. Sanction or permission implied or given by failure to prohibit; tacit consent; tolerance. [Middle English suffrance, from Old French sufrance, from Latin sufferentia, from sufferēns, sufferent-, present participle of sufferre, to suffer; see suffer.]

Answer 1722

(ə-tĕn′yo͞o-āt′) v. at·ten·u·at·ed, at·ten·u·at·ing, at·ten·u·ates v. tr. 1. To make slender, fine, or small: The drought attenuated the river to a narrow channel. 2. To reduce in force, value, amount, or degree; weaken: Medicine attenuated the fever's effect. 3. To lessen the density of; rarefy. 4. Biology To make (bacteria or viruses) less virulent. 5. Electronics To reduce (the amplitude of an electrical signal) with little or no distortion. v.intr. To become thin, weak, or fine. adj. (-yo͞o-ĭt) 1. Reduced or weakened, as in strength, value, or virulence. 2. Botany Gradually tapering to a slender point. [Latin attenuāre, attenuāt- : ad-, ad- + tenuāre, to make thin (from tenuis, thin; see ten- in Indo-European roots).] at·ten′u·a′tion n.

Answer 1723

(păd′ək) n. 1. A fenced area, usually near a stable, used chiefly for grazing horses. 2. Sports a. An enclosure at a racetrack where the horses are assembled, saddled, and paraded before each race. b. An area of an automobile racetrack where cars are prepared before a race. 3. Australian A piece of fenced-in land. tr.v. pad·docked, pad·dock·ing, pad·docks To confine in a paddock.

Answer 1724

(pōst-prăn′dē-əl) adj. Following a meal, especially dinner: took a postprandial walk through the woods. post·pran′di·al·ly adv.

Answer 1725

n 1. (Nautical Terms) any dense heavy material, such as lead or iron pigs, used to stabilize a vessel, esp one that is not carrying cargo 2. (Civil Engineering) crushed rock, broken stone, etc, used for the foundation of a road or railway track 3. (Building) coarse aggregate of sandy gravel, used in making concrete 4. anything that provides stability or weight 5. (Electronics) electronics a device for maintaining the current in a circuit vb (tr) 6. to give stability or weight to

Answer 1726

adj. 1. a. Not adept at reading and writing; deficient in the knowledge that can be acquired from books. b. Illiterate. 2. Having no lettering: a plain, unlettered T-shirt.

Answer 1727

(jāl´ẽr) n. 1. The keeper of a jail. Same as Jailer.

Answer 1728

(ăn′əl-jē′zĭk, -sĭk) n. A medication that reduces or eliminates pain. adj. Of or causing analgesia.

Answer 1729

(do͝or′əns, dyo͝or′-) n. Confinement or restraint by force; imprisonment.

Answer 1730

(kəm-plā′sənt) adj. 1. Satisfied with the current situation and unconcerned with changing it, often to the point of smugness: "a geologic cautionary tale for a complacent world accustomed to reliable infusions of cheap energy" (Paul Roberts). 2. Eager to please; complaisant. [Latin complacēns, complacent-, present participle of complacēre, to please : com-, intensive pref.; see placēre in Indo-European roots.] com·pla′cent·ly adv. **NOTE:** complaisant versus complacent: Complacent means self-satisfied or smug and derives in part from the Latin verb placere (to please). Example: He felt complacent about his excellent examination results. Complaisant, on the other hand, means eager to please or obliging. An example of its use is: He had thought she might oppose him, but found that she was surprisingly complaisant.

Answer 1731

(gŏs′ə-mər) n. 1. A fine film of cobwebs that is often seen floating in the air or is caught on bushes or grass. 2. Something that is light, delicate, or sheer, such as fabric. adj. Sheer, light, or delicate: "An iron bedstead swathed in gossamer muslin stands out from all walls, adrift as a cloud" (Margo Miller). See Synonyms atairy.

Answer 1732

adj. 1. being or becoming youthful; young. 2. having the power to make young or youthful. [1815–25; \< Latin juvenēscent-, s. of juvenēscēns, present participle of juvenēscere to become youthful, derivative of juvenis young; see -escent] ju`ve•nes′cence, n.

Answer 1733

(sə-pŭl′krəl, -po͝ol′-) adj. 1. Of or relating to a burial vault or a receptacle for sacred relics. 2. Suggestive of the grave; funereal. se·pul′chral·ly adv.

Answer 1734

(trôth, trŏth, trōth) n. 1. a. Betrothal. b. One's pledged fidelity. 2. Good faith; fidelity. tr.v. trothed, troth·ing, troths To pledge or betroth. [Middle English trouthe, trothe, variant of treuthe, from Old English trēowth, truth; see deru- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1735

(ăt′ôl′, -ŏl′, ā′tôl′, ā′tŏl′) n. An island or chain of islets connected by a coral reef that nearly or entirely encloses a lagoon. [Dhivehi atholhu; probably akin to Sinhalese ätul, interior (from the interior lagoon), probably from Sanskrit \*antala-, interior, variant of antara-; see en in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1736

n. 1. a. A husk, pod, or shell of a seed, nut, or fruit, such as a pecan or an ear of corn. b. A shell of a bivalve, such as an oyster or clam. c. The exoskeleton or pupal case of an insect larva or nymph, especially one that has been shed. 2. often shucks Informal Something worthless: an issue that didn't amount to shucks. tr.v. shucked, shuck·ing, shucks 1. a. To remove the husk or shell from: shuck corn. b. To open the shell of (a bivalve): shuck oysters. 2. Informal To cast off: shucked their coats and cooled off; a city trying to shuck a sooty image.

Answer 1737

(măn′ĭ-kē′ĭz′əm) also Man·i·chae·an·ism (-kē′ə-nĭz′əm) n. 1. The syncretic, dualistic religious philosophy taught by the Persian prophet Mani, combining elements of Zoroastrian, Christian, and Gnostic thought and opposed by the imperial Roman government, Neo-Platonist philosophers, and orthodox Christians. 2. A dualistic philosophy dividing the world between good and evil principles or regarding matter as intrinsically evil and mind as intrinsically good. [From Late Latin Manichaeus, Manichaean, from Late Greek Manikhaios, from Manikhaios, Mani.] Man·i·chae·an (măn′ĭ-kē′ən) n. & adj.

Answer 1738

or gar·rotte (gə-rŏt′, -rōt′) n. 1. a. A method of execution formerly practiced in Spain, in which a tightened iron collar is used to strangle or break the neck of a condemned person. b. The iron collar used for such an execution. 2. a. Strangulation, especially in order to rob. b. A cord or wire used for strangling. tr. v. gar·rot·ed, gar·rot·ing, gar·rotes or gar·rot·ted or gar·rot·ting or gar·rottes 1. To execute by garrote. 2. To strangle in order to rob. [Spanish, cudgel, instrument of torture, possibly from Old French garrot, perhaps from garoquier, to struggle.] gar·rot′er n.

Answer 1739

n. Participation of the same nature; coexistence in the same substance.

Answer 1740

1. a. A judicial inquest, the writ by which it is instituted, or the verdict of the jurors. b. A decree or edict rendered at such an inquest. 2. a. One of the periodic court sessions formerly held in each of the counties of England and Wales for the trial of civil or criminal cases. b. The time or place of such sessions.

Answer 1741

(jĕm′ə-nāt′) v. gem·i·nat·ed, gem·i·nat·ing, gem·i·nates v. tr. 1. To double. 2. To arrange in pairs. 3. Linguistics To make into a geminate. v. intr. 1. To occur in pairs. 2. Linguistics To become a geminate. adj. (-nĭt, -nāt′) Forming a pair; doubled. n. (-nĭt, -nāt′) Linguistics A long or doubled consonant sound, such as the tt in the Italian word sotto or the nn in the English word thinness. [Latin gemināre, gemināt-, from geminus, twin.] gem′i·na′tion n.

Answer 1742

(ăp′ə-plĕk′sē) n. 1. Sudden impairment of neurological function, especially that resulting from a cerebral hemorrhage; a stroke. 2. A sudden effusion of blood into an organ or tissue. 3. A fit of extreme anger; rage: "The proud ... members suffered collective apoplexy, and this year they are out for blood" (David Finch).

Answer 1743

n. 1. An enclosed superstructure at the stern of a ship. 2. A poop deck. tr. v. pooped, poop·ing, poops 1. To break over the stern of (a ship). Used of a wave. 2. To take (a wave) over the stern. In naval architecture, a poop deck is a deck that forms the roof of a cabin built in the rear, or "aft", part of the superstructure of a ship.

Answer 1744

Lazarus of Bethany, also known as Saint Lazarus or Lazarus of the Four Days, is the subject of a prominent miracle attributed to Jesus in the Gospel of John, in which Jesus restores him to life four days after his death. The Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic traditions offer varying accounts of the later events of his life. In the context of the Gospel of John, the narrative of the Raising of Lazarus forms "the climactic sign... Each of Jesus' seven signs illustrates some particular aspect of his divine authority, but this one exemplifies his power over the last and most irresistible enemy of humanity—death. For this reason it is given a prominent place in the gospel." A figure named "Lazarus" is also mentioned in the Gospel of Luke. The two Biblical characters named "Lazarus" have sometimes been conflated historically, but are generally understood to be two separate people. The name "Lazarus" is frequently used in science and popular culture in reference to apparent restoration to life; for example, the scientific term "Lazarus taxon" denotes organisms that reappear in the fossil record after a period of apparent extinction. There are also numerous literary uses of the term.

Answer 1745

arbor n. A shady resting place in a garden or park, often made of latticework on which plants such as climbing shrubs or vines are grown. * * * pergola (pûr′gə-lə) n. An arbor or a passageway of columns supporting a roof of trelliswork on which climbing plants are trained to grow.

Answer 1746

(jĕn′yə-flĕkt′) intr. v. gen·u·flect·ed, gen·u·flect·ing, gen·u·flects 1. To bend the knee or touch one knee to the floor or ground, as in worship. 2. To be servilely respectful or deferential; grovel. [Late Latin genūflectere : Latin genū, knee; see genu- in Indo-European roots + Latin flectere, to bend.] gen′u·flec′tion (-flĕk′shən) n.

Answer 1747

(ĕk′stənt, ĕk-stănt′) adj. 1. Still in existence; not destroyed, lost, or extinct: extant manuscripts. 2. Archaic Standing out; projecting.

Answer 1748

(krə-văt′) n. A scarf or band of fabric worn around the neck as a tie.

Answer 1749

(kŏn-kyo͞o′pĭ-səns) n. A strong desire, especially sexual desire; lust. [Middle English, from Old French, from Late Latin concupīscentia, from Latin concupīscēns, concupīscent-, present participle of concupīscere, inchoative of concupere, to desire strongly : com-, intensive pref.; see com- + cupere, to desire.] con·cu′pis·cent adj.

Answer 1750

adj. 1. Composed of or based on two legislative chambers or branches: a bicameral legislature. 2. Medicine Composed of or having two chambers, as an abscess divided by a septum. [bi- + Latin camera, chamber; see chamber + -al.] bi·cam′er·al·ism n.

Answer 1751

(hə-läl′) Islam adj. 1. Of or being meat from animals slaughtered in the manner prescribed by the shari'a: a halal butcher; a halal label. 2. In accordance with or permitted under the shari'a. n. Halal meat.

Answer 1752

(pŭngk-tĭl′ē-əs) adj. 1. Strictly attentive to minute details of form in action or conduct. See Synonyms at meticulous. 2. Precise; scrupulous. punc·til′i·ous·ly adv. punc·til′i·ous·ness n.

Answer 1753

intr.v. pid·dled, pid·dling, pid·dles To urinate. Phrasal Verbs: piddle around: To spend time aimlessly: piddled around the house for a few hours. piddle away: To spend (time or money) frivolously or unproductively: piddled away his fortune on sports cars; piddled away the hours watching television.

Answer 1754

(ĕk′yə-mə-nĭz′əm, ĭ-kyo͞o′-) n. 1. A movement promoting unity among Christian churches or denominations. 2. A movement promoting worldwide unity among religions through greater cooperation and improved understanding. ec′u·men′ist n.

Answer 1755

(măl′ə-dē) n. pl. mal·a·dies 1. A disease, disorder, or ailment. 2. An unwholesome condition: the malady of discontent.

Answer 1756

(stĕn-tôr′ē-ən) adj. (of the voice, etc) uncommonly loud: stentorian tones.

Answer 1757

(kwĭs) also cuish (kwĭsh) n. Plate armor worn to protect the front of the thigh.

Answer 1758

v. Archaic A past tense and a past participle of dare.

Answer 1759

(mĕt′l-ĭf′ər-əs) adj. Containing metal. Used of a mineral deposit or an ore.

Answer 1760

(fŭs′kəs) adj. Dark brownish-gray in color.

Answer 1761

(lĭn′ē-ə-mənt) n. 1. A distinctive shape, contour, or line, especially of the face. 2. often lineaments A definitive or characteristic feature: "the gross and subtle folds of corruption on the average senatorial face are hardly the lineaments of virtue" (Norman Mailer). [Middle English liniament, from Latin līneāmentum, from līnea, line; see line.]

Answer 1762

v. des·ic·cat·ed, des·ic·cat·ing, des·ic·cates v.tr. 1. To dry out thoroughly. 2. To preserve (foods) by removing the moisture. See Synonyms at dry. 3. To make dry, dull, or lifeless: "Stalinism desiccated the grassroots of urban government" (Timothy J. Colton). v.intr. To become dry; dry out. adj. (also -kĭt) Lacking spirit or animation; arid: "There was only the sun-bruised and desiccate feeling in his mind" (J.R. Salamanca). [Latin dēsiccāre, dēsiccāt- : dē-, de- + siccāre, to dry up (from siccus, dry).] des′ic·ca′tion n. des′ic·ca′tive adj. des′ic·ca′tor n.

Answer 1763

a drink made from rum, water, sugar and nutmeg. Cinnamon is sometimes substituted for or added to the nutmeg. Modern Bumbo is often made with dark rum, citrus juice, Grenadine and nutmeg. Favoured among West Indians as well as buccaneers and pirates.

Answer 1764

(vĕl′əm) n. 1. a. A fine parchment made from calfskin, lambskin, or kidskin and used for the pages and binding of books. b. A work written or printed on this parchment. 2. A heavy off-white fine-quality paper resembling this parchment. [Middle English velim, from Old French velin, from veel, calf; see veal.]

Answer 1765

v. brayed, bray·ing, brays v. intr. 1. To utter the loud, harsh cry of a donkey. 2. To sound loudly and harshly: The foghorn brayed all night. ``` v.tr. To emit (an utterance or a sound) loudly and harshly. ``` n. 1. The loud, harsh cry of a donkey. 2. A sound resembling that of a donkey: "an endless bray of pointless jocosity" (Louis Auchincloss).

Answer 1766

n. A brown to colorless mineral, ZrSiO4, which is heated, cut, and polished to form a brilliant blue-white gem.

Answer 1767

tr. v. whelmed, whelm·ing, whelms Archaic 1. To cover with water; submerge. 2. To overwhelm. [Middle English whelmen, to overturn, probably alteration (influenced by helmen, to cover) of whelven, from Old English -hwelfan (as in āhwelfan, to cover over).]

Answer 1768

1. Marking a distinction; distinguishing. 2. Able to discriminate or distinguish: a mind of great diacritical power.

Answer 1769

(ûr′mĭn) n. 1. A weasel (Mustela erminea) native to northern regions, having a black-tipped tail and dark brown fur that in winter changes to white. Also called stoat. 2. The commercially valuable white fur of this animal.

Answer 1770

(prĭ-zĕn′tə-mənt) n. A sense that something is about to occur; a premonition. [Obsolete French, from presentir, to feel beforehand, from Latin praesentīre : prae-, pre- + sentīre, to feel; see sent- in Indo-European roots.] pre·sen′ti·men′tal (-mĕn′tl) adj.

Answer 1771

Transfinite numbers are numbers that are "infinite" in the sense that they are larger than all finite numbers, yet not necessarily absolutely infinite. The term transfinite was coined by Georg Cantor, who wished to avoid some of the implications of the word infinite in connection with these objects, which were nevertheless not finite. Few contemporary writers share these qualms; it is now accepted usage to refer to transfinite cardinals and ordinals as "infinite". However, the term "transfinite" also remains in use.

Answer 1772

(grăv′ĭd) adj. Carrying developing young or eggs: a gravid uterus; a gravid female.

Answer 1773

(rā′mənt) n. Clothing; garments. [Middle English, short for araiment, from Old French areement, array, from areer, arrayer, to array; see array.]

Answer 1774

(kə-răf′) n. 1. A glass or metal bottle, often with a flared lip, used for serving water or wine. 2. A glass pot with a pouring spout, used in making coffee.

Answer 1775

n. The part of the sea visible from shore that is very distant or beyond anchoring ground. Idiom: in the offing 1. In the near or immediate future; soon to come: with exams finished and graduation in the offing. 2. Nearby; at hand.

Answer 1776

n. pl. ab·beys 1. A monastery supervised by an abbot. 2. A convent supervised by an abbess. 3. A church that is or once was part of a monastery or convent.

Answer 1777

n. 1. A short, witty poem expressing a single thought or observation. 2. A concise, clever, often paradoxical statement. 3. Epigrammatic discourse or expression. [Middle English, from Old French epigramme, from Latin epigramma, from Greek, from epigraphein, to mark the surface, inscribe : epi-, epi- + graphein, to write; see gerbh- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1778

n. A woman employed to take care of infants or young children. often shortened to nurse

Answer 1779

(păs′tər-əl, pă-stôr′-) adj. 1. a. Of or relating to shepherds or herders. b. Of, relating to, or used for animal husbandry. 2. a. Of or relating to the country or country life; rural. b. Charmingly simple and serene; idyllic. See Synonyms at rural. 3. Of, relating to, or being a literary or other artistic work that portrays or evokes rural life, usually in an idealized way. 4. Of or relating to a pastor or the duties of a pastor: pastoral duties; a pastoral letter. n. 1. A literary or other artistic work that portrays or evokes rural life, usually in an idealized way. 2. Music A pastorale. [Middle English, from Old French, from Latin pāstōrālis, from pāstor, shepherd; see pastor.] pas′tor·al·ly adv.

Answer 1780

(ə-mēl′yə-rāt′) tr. & intr.v. a·me·lio·rat·ed, a·me·lio·rat·ing, a·me·lio·rates To make or become better; improve: Volunteers were able to ameliorate conditions in the refugee camp. Conditions are ameliorating. [Alteration of meliorate.] a·mel′io·ra·ble (-rə-bəl) adj. a·mel′io·ra′tive adj. a·mel′io·ra′tor n.

Answer 1781

1. a. The act of assigning: assignation of blame. b. Something assigned, especially an allotment. 2. a. An appointment to meet in secret, especially between lovers. See Synonyms at engagement. b. The meeting made by such an appointment.

Answer 1782

tr. v. culled, cull·ing, culls 1. To pick out from others; select. 2. To gather; collect. 3. To remove rejected members or parts from (a herd, for example). n. Something picked out from others, especially something rejected because of inferior quality. [Middle English cullen, from Old French cuillir, from Latin colligere; see collect.] cull′er n.

Answer 1783

n. 1. The untanned hide of a small or young animal, such as a calf. 2. A set or bundle of such hides. [Middle English, bundle of animal hides, perhaps from Middle Dutch or Middle Low German.] n. Chiefly British Slang 1. A rooming house. 2. A place to sleep; a bed. 3. Sleep. intr.v. kipped, kip·ping, kips To sleep. [Perhaps from Danish kippe, cheap inn; akin to Old Norse -kippa (as in kornkippa, seed-corn holder) and Low German kiffe, hovel.]

Answer 1784

(stā′mən) n. pl. sta·mens or sta·mi·na (stā′mə-nə, stăm′ə-) The pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower, usually consisting of a filament and an anther. [Latin stāmen, thread; see stā- in Indo-European roots.] sta′mi·nal (stā′mə-nəl, stăm′ə-) adj.

Answer 1785

n. 1. An idea that has been demonstrated as true or is assumed to be so demonstrable. 2. Mathematics A proposition that has been or is to be proved on the basis of explicit assumptions.

Answer 1786

Trembles, fidgets. Generally alcohol related.

Answer 1787

n. A small cavity or chamber within a body or organ, especially: a. The chamber on the left side of the heart that receives arterial blood from the left atrium and contracts to force it into the aorta. b. The chamber on the right side of the heart that receives venous blood from the right atrium and forces it into the pulmonary artery. c. Any of the interconnecting cavities of the brain. [Middle English, from Old French ventricule, from Latin ventriculus, diminutive of venter, belly.]

Answer 1788

Immanuel Kant (1724 – 1804) was a German philosopher who is widely considered to be a central figure of modern philosophy. He argued that fundamental concepts structure human experience, and that reason is the source of morality. His thought continues to have a major influence in contemporary thought, especially the fields of metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, political philosophy, and aesthetics. Kant's major work, the Critique of Pure Reason (1781), aimed to explain the relationship between reason and human experience. With this project, he hoped to move beyond what he took to be failures of traditional philosophy and metaphysics. He attempted to put an end to what he considered an era of futile and speculative theories of human experience, while resisting the skepticism of thinkers such as David Hume. Kant argued that our experiences are structured by necessary features of our minds. In his view, the mind shapes and structures experience so that, on an abstract level, all human experience shares certain essential structural features. Among other things, Kant believed that the concepts of space and time are integral to all human experience, as are our concepts of cause and effect. One important consequence of this view is that one never has direct experience of things, the so-called noumenal world, and that what we do experience is the phenomenal world as conveyed by our senses. These claims summarize Kant's views upon the subject–object problem. Kant published other important works on ethics, religion, law, aesthetics, astronomy, and history. These included the Critique of Practical Reason (1788), the Metaphysics of Morals (1797), which dealt with ethics, and the Critique of Judgment (1790), which looks at aesthetics and teleology. Kant aimed to resolve disputes between empirical and rationalist approaches. The former asserted that all knowledge comes through experience; the latter maintained that reason and innate ideas were prior. Kant argued that experience is purely subjective without first being processed by pure reason. He also said that using reason without applying it to experience only leads to theoretical illusions. The free and proper exercise of reason by the individual was a theme both of the Age of Enlightenment, and of Kant's approaches to the various problems of philosophy. His ideas influenced many thinkers in Germany during his lifetime, and he moved philosophy beyond the debate between the rationalists and empiricists. Kant is seen as a major figure in the history and development of philosophy.

Answer 1789

(dĭ-trī′təs) n. pl. detritus 1. Loose fragments or grains that have been worn away from rock. 2. Disintegrated or eroded matter; debris: the detritus of past civilizations.

Answer 1790

(sə-răl′yō, -räl′-) n. pl. se·ra·glios 1. A large harem. 2. A sultan's palace. Also called serai. [Italian serraglio, enclosure, seraglio, probably partly from Vulgar Latin \*serraculum, enclosure (from \*serrāre, to lace up, from Latin serāre, from sera, door-bar) and partly from Turkish saray, palace (from Persian sarāy, inn; see terə- in Indo-European roots).]

Answer 1791

adv. To or toward that place; in that direction; there: running hither and thither. adj. Located or being on the more distant side; farther: the thither side of the pond.

Answer 1792

(thī′lə-sīn′) 1. (Animals) an extinct or very rare doglike carnivorous marsupial, Thylacinus cynocephalus, of Tasmania, having greyish-brown fur with dark vertical stripes on the back: family Dasyuridae. Also called: Tasmanian tiger or Tasmanian wolf

Answer 1793

1. Law To call (an accused person) before a criminal court to hear and answer the charge made against him or her. 2. To call to account; accuse: "Johnson arraigned the modern politics of this country as entirely devoid of all principle" (James Boswell).

Answer 1794

n. 1. Abstinence from or moderation in drinking alcoholic beverages. See Synonyms at abstinence. 2. Moderation and self-restraint, as in behavior or expression.

Answer 1795

Cyrus II of Persia (c. 600 or 576 – 530 BC), commonly known as Cyrus the Great and also known as Cyrus the Elder, was the founder of the Achaemenid Empire. Under his rule, the empire embraced all the previous civilized states of the ancient Near East, expanded vastly and eventually conquered most of Southwest Asia and much of Central Asia and the Caucasus. From the Mediterranean Sea and Hellespont in the west to the Indus River in the east, Cyrus the Great created the largest empire the world had yet seen. Under his successors, the empire eventually stretched from parts of the Balkans (Bulgaria-Pannonia) and Thrace-Macedonia in the west, to the Indus Valley in the east. His regal titles in full were The Great King, King of Persia, King of Anshan, King of Media, King of Babylon, King of Sumer and Akkad, and King of the Four Corners of the World. In the 1970s, the Shah of Iran Mohammad Reza Pahlavi identified his famous proclamation inscribed onto Cyrus Cylinder as the oldest known declaration of human rights, and the Cylinder has since been popularized as such. This view has been criticized by some historians as a misunderstanding of the Cylinder's generic nature as a traditional statement that new monarchs make at the beginning of their reign.

Answer 1796

(tôr′əs) n. pl. to·ri (tôr′ī) 1. Architecture A large convex molding, semicircular in cross section, located at the base of a classical column. 2. Anatomy A bulging or rounded projection or swelling. 3. Botany a. The receptacle of a flower. b. A thickened area in the middle of the membrane that connects the pits of tracheids in conifers and certain other gymnosperms. 4. Mathematics A toroid generated by a circle; a surface having the shape of a doughnut. Also called tore. [Latin, bulge, knot, torus.]

Answer 1797

(skärp) n. An escarpment. tr.v. scarped, scarp·ing, scarps To cut or make into an escarpment. [Italian scarpa, slope, perhaps of Germanic origin; see sker- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1798

n. 1. A formal written request for something needed. 2. A necessity; a requirement. 3. The state or condition of being needed or put into service. 4. Law A formal request of one government to another demanding the return of a criminal or fugitive. tr. v. req·ui·si·tioned, req·ui·si·tion·ing, req·ui·si·tions 1. To demand, as for military needs. 2. To make demands of.

Answer 1799

adj. 1. Relating to, characteristic of, or befitting a virgin. 2. Untouched or unsullied; fresh: virginal morning snow. 3. Inexperienced: "This publisher on the phone ... knows you're virginal in matters contractual" (Richard Curtis). 4. Zoology Virgin. vir′gin·al·ly adv. n. often virginals A small, legless rectangular harpsichord popular in the 1500s and 1600s. Also called pair of virginals.

Answer 1800

(pē′tŏn′) n. A metal spike fitted at one end with an eye for securing a rope and driven into rock or ice as a support in mountain climbing. [French, from Old French, nail.]

Answer 1801

n. pl. laths (lăthz, lăths) 1. a. A thin strip of wood or metal, usually nailed in rows to framing supports as a substructure for plaster, shingles, slates, or tiles. b. A building material, such as a sheet of metal mesh, used for similar purposes. 2. a. A quantity of laths; lathing. b. Work made with or from lath. tr.v. lathed, lath·ing, laths To build, cover, or line with laths. [Middle English latthe, probably alteration (influenced by Welsh llath, rod) of Old English lætt.]

Answer 1802

(ĕd′ə-fĭs) n. 1. A building, especially one of imposing appearance or size. 2. An elaborate conceptual structure: observations that provided the foundation for the edifice of evolutionary theory.

Answer 1803

(hăm′ə-drī′əd) n. pl. ham·a·dry·ads or ham·a·dry·a·des (-ə-dēz′) 1. Greek & Roman Mythology A wood nymph who lives only as long as the tree of which she is the spirit lives. 2. See king cobra. [Middle English amadriad, from Latin Hamadryas, Hamadryad-, from Greek Hamadruas : hama, together with; see sem- in Indo-European roots + Druas, dryad (from drūs, oak; see deru- in Indo-European roots).]

Answer 1804

(fyo͝o-nĭk′yə-lər, fə-) adj. 1. Of, relating to, or resembling a rope or cord. 2. Operated or moved by a cable. 3. Of, relating to, or constituting a funiculus. n. A cable railway on a steep incline, especially such a railway with simultaneously ascending and descending cars counterbalancing one another.

Answer 1805

adj. 1. Of the highest order, quality, or degree; surpassing or superior to all others. 2. Excessive or exaggerated. 3. Grammar Of, relating to, or being the extreme degree of comparison of an adjective or adverb, as in best or brightest. n. 1. Something of the highest possible excellence. 2. The highest degree; the acme. 3. Grammar a. The superlative degree. b. An adjective or adverb expressing the superlative degree, as in brightest, the superlative of the adjective bright, or most brightly, the superlative of the adverb brightly. [Middle English superlatif, from Old French, from Late Latin superlātīvus, from Latin superlātus, past participle of superferre, to carry over a person or thing, exaggerate : super-, super- + lātus, past participle of ferre, to carry; see telə- in Indo-European roots.] su·per′la·tive·ly adv.

Answer 1806

(gə-mā′trē-ə) n. A numerological system used in kabbalah and other forms of Jewish mysticism that assigns numerical values to words based on the fixed numerical values of their letters. The best-known example of Gematria is the Hebrew word Chai ("alive"), which is composed of two letters that (using the assignments in the Mispar gadol table shown below) add up to 18. This has made 18 a "lucky number" among Jews, and gifts in multiples of 18 are very popular. [Mishnaic Hebrew gîmaṭriyyâ, from Greek geōmetriā, geometry; see geometry.]

Answer 1807

(kĕs′trəl) n. 1. A small falcon (Falco sparverius) found throughout the Americas, having vertical black stripes under the eyes and characteristically hovering over fields to hunt. Also called sparrow hawk. 2. A small falcon (Falco tinnunculus) of Europe, Asia, and Africa that hovers when hunting and has reddish-brown plumage and a gray head. 3. Any of various similar falcons of the genus Falco that hover when hunting.

Answer 1808

Transcendental idealism is a doctrine founded by German philosopher Immanuel Kant in the 18th century. Kant's doctrine maintains that human experience of things is similar to the way they appear to us—implying a fundamentally subject-based component, rather than being an activity that directly (and therefore without any obvious causal link) comprehends the things as they are in themselves.

Answer 1809

n. A very short period of time; an instant: came back in a trice. tr.v. triced, tric·ing, tric·es Nautical To hoist and secure with a rope: trice a sail. [From Middle English (at a) trise, at one pull, from trisen, to hoist, from Middle Dutch trīsen, from trīse, pulley. V., from Middle English trisen.]

Answer 1810

(rĕj′ĭ-sīd′) n. 1. The killing of a king. 2. One who kills a king. [Latin rēx, rēg-, king; see reg- in Indo-European roots + -cide.] reg′i·cid′al (-sīd′l) adj.

Answer 1811

(gûr′dər) n. A beam, as of steel, wood, or reinforced concrete, used as a main horizontal support in a building or bridge.

Answer 1812

n. 1. Decomposition of organic matter, especially protein, by microorganisms, resulting in production of foul-smelling matter. 2. An amount of putrefied matter or an odor produced by such matter. [Middle English putrefaccioun, from Late Latin putrefactiō, putrefactiōn-, from putrefactus, past participle of Latin putrefacere, to make rotten; see putrefy.]

Answer 1813

n. 1. a. A large deciduous tree (Tectona grandis) in the mint family, native to tropical South and Southeast Asia, having hard, heavy, durable yellowish-brown wood. b. The wood of this tree, used especially for furniture and in shipbuilding. 2. A grayish yellowish brown or grayish to moderate brown. teak adj.

Answer 1814

(frēz) n. Architecture 1. A plain or decorated horizontal part of an entablature between the architrave and cornice. 2. A decorative horizontal band, as along the upper part of a wall in a room. Image: A. cornice B. frieze C. architrave D. entablature

Answer 1815

(prĕs′tĭ-dĭj′ĭ-tā′shən) n. 1. Performance of or skill in performing magic or conjuring tricks with the hands; sleight of hand. 2. Skill or cleverness, especially in deceiving others. [French (influenced by prestigiateur, juggler, conjurer, from prestige, illusion), from prestidigitateur, conjurer : preste, nimble (from Italian presto; see presto) + Latin digitus, finger; see digit.] pres′ti·dig′i·ta′tor n.

Answer 1816

(tɑːˈpɔːlɪn) n 1. (Textiles) a heavy hard-wearing waterproof fabric made of canvas or similar material coated with tar, wax, or paint, for outdoor use as a protective covering against moisture 2. (Textiles) a sheet of this fabric 3. (Clothing & Fashion) a hat of or covered with this fabric, esp a sailor's hat * 4. (Nautical Terms) a rare word for seaman*

Answer 1817

A capstan is a vertical-axled rotating machine developed for use on sailing ships to apply force to ropes, cables, and hawsers. The principle is similar to that of the windlass, which has a horizontal axle.

Answer 1818

(rĭth′ən) v. Archaic A past participle of writhe. adj. Twisted; contorted.

Answer 1819

n. often castanets A percussion instrument consisting of a pair of slightly concave shells of ivory or hardwood, held in the palm of the hand by a connecting cord over the thumb and clapped together with the fingers. [Spanish castañeta, from castaña, chestnut, from Latin castanea; see chestnut.]

Answer 1820

(chwäng′ dzŭ′) also Zhuang·zi (jwäng′dzŭ′) c. 369-286 bc. Chinese Taoist philosopher who advocated a skeptical approach to knowledge and a willing acceptance of change as a means of unifying oneself with the Tao. Zhuang Zhou, more commonly known as Zhuangzi (or Master Zhuang), was an influential Chinese philosopher who lived around the 4th century BCE during the Warring States period, a period corresponding to the summit of Chinese philosophy, the Hundred Schools of Thought. He is credited with writing—in part or in whole—a work known by his name, the Zhuangzi, which expresses a philosophy which is skeptical, arguing that life is limited and knowledge to be gained is unlimited. As a Daoist philosopher, some claim his writings reflect a form a western relativism, while others question revisionist interpretations.

Answer 1821

adv. nigh·er, nigh·est 1. Near in time, place, or relationship: Evening draws nigh. 2. Nearly; almost: It is nigh impossible to get tickets now. adj. nigher, nighest 1. Being near in time, place, or relationship; close: sick and nigh to death. 2. a. Being on the left side of an animal or vehicle: pulling hard on the nigh rein. b. Being the animal or vehicle on the left: the nigh horse. prep. Not far from; near.

Answer 1822

n. A woman prostitute.

Answer 1823

(rə-pā′shəs) adj. 1. Having or showing a strong or excessive desire to acquire money or possess things; greedy: "dishonest utilities and rapacious energy traders" (Paul Roberts). 2. Living by killing prey, especially in large numbers: rapacious coyotes. 3. Taking things by force; plundering: rapacious pirates. [From Latin rapāx, rapāc-, from rapere, to seize; see rep- in Indo-European roots.] ra·pa′cious·ly adv. ra·pac′i·ty (rə-păs′ĭ-tē), ra·pa′cious·ness n.

Answer 1824

vb (tr) 1. (sometimes foll by up) to tie, bind, or bundle: to truss up a prisoner. 2. (Cookery) to fasten or bind the wings and legs of (a fowl) before cooking to keep them in place 3. (Building) to support or stiffen (a roof, bridge, etc) with structural members 4. (Clothing & Fashion) to confine (the body or a part of it) in tight clothes 5. (Falconry) falconry (of falcons) to hold (the quarry) in the stoop without letting go 6. (Medicine) med to supply or support with a truss n 7. (Building) a structural framework of wood or metal, esp one arranged in triangles, used to support a roof, bridge, etc 8. (Medicine) med a device for holding a hernia in place, typically consisting of a pad held in position by a belt 9. (Horticulture) horticulture a cluster of flowers or fruit growing at the end of a single stalk 10. (Nautical Terms) nautical a metal fitting fixed to a yard at its centre for holding it to a mast while allowing movement 11. (Architecture) architect another name for corbel

Answer 1825

Nora Barnacle (March 1884 – April 10, 1951) was the muse and wife of author James Joyce. Nora Barnacle was born in the city of Galway, Ireland, but the day of her birth is uncertain. Depending on the source, it varies between 21 and 24 March 1884. Her birth certificate, which gives her first name as "Norah," is dated 21 March. Her father Thomas Barnacle, a baker in Connemara, was an illiterate man who was 38 years old when Nora was born. Her mother, Annie Honoria Healy, was 28 and worked as a dressmaker. Between 1886 and 1889, Nora was sent to live with her maternal grandmother, Catherine Mortimer Healy. During these years, she started her studies at a convent, eventually graduating from a national school in 1891. In 1896, Nora completed her schooling and began to work as a porteress and laundress. In the same year, her mother threw her father out for drinking and the couple separated. Nora went to live with her mother and her uncle, Tom Healy, at No.4 Bowling Green, Galway City. In 1896, Nora fell in love with a teenager named Michael Feeney, who died soon after of typhoid and pneumonia. In a dramatic but unrelated coincidence, another boy loved by Nora, Michael Bodkin, died in 1900, bringing her the name of "man-killer" from her friends. Joyce later based the final short story in Dubliners, The Dead, on these incidents. It was rumoured that she sought solace from her friend, budding English theatre starlet, Laura London, who introduced her to a Protestant named Willie Mulvagh. In 1903, she left Galway after her uncle learned of the affair and dubious friendship. She went to Dublin where she worked as a chambermaid at Finn's Hotel. While in Dublin, she met Joyce on 10 June 1904, but it was not until 16 June that they had their first romantic liaison. This date would later be chosen as the setting for Joyce's novel Ulysses, and has come to be known and celebrated around the world as Bloomsday. The 1904 rendezvous began a long relationship that eventually led to marriage in 1931 and continued until Joyce's death.

Answer 1826

also bo's'n or bos'n or bo·sun (bō′sən) n. A warrant officer or petty officer in charge of a ship's rigging, anchors, cables, and deck crew. [Middle English botswein : bot, boat; see boat + swein, mate; see swain.] Usage Note: The word boatswain is pronounced as a single word with two syllables (bō′sən). People with sea legs have a long tradition of spelling the word as bosun, bo's'n, and bos'n to reflect the salty pronunciation. This of course has not prevented landlubbers from using the incorrect two-word pronunciation (bōt′swān′). Many other nautical words have similarly tricky shipboard pronunciations, including bowline, pronounced (bō′lĭn); forecastle, pronounced (fōk′səl) and sometimes spelled fo'c's'le; gunwale, pronounced (gŭn′əl) and also sometimes spelled gunnel; mainsail, pronounced (mān′səl); and topgallant, pronounced (tə-găl′ənt). With the exception of gunwale, however, all of these terms can be correctly pronounced as if they were two words.

Answer 1827

pyo͞o-dĕn′dəm) n. pl. pu·den·da (-də) often pudenda The external genitals of a human, especially of a woman. [Latin, neuter gerundive of pudēre, to make or be ashamed.] pu·den′dal (-dĕn′dəl) adj.

Answer 1828

(flĕg-măt′ĭk) adj. 1. Of or relating to phlegm; phlegmy. 2. a. Having or suggesting a calm, sluggish temperament; unemotional or apathetic. b. Archaic Having phlegm as the dominant humor in terms of medieval physiology. [Middle English fleumatik, from Old French fleumatique, from Late Latin phlegmaticus, full of phlegm, from Greek phlegmatikos, from phlegma, phlegmat-, heat, the humor phlegm, from phlegein, to burn; see bhel- in Indo-European roots.] phleg·mat′i·cal·ly adv.

Answer 1829

Heraclitus of Ephesus (c. 535 – c. 475 BCE) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher, a native of the Greek city Ephesus, Ionia, on the coast of Asia Minor. He was of distinguished parentage. Little is known about his early life and education, but he regarded himself as self-taught and a pioneer of wisdom. From the lonely life he led, and still more from the riddling nature of his philosophy and his contempt for humankind in general, he was called "The Obscure" and the "Weeping Philosopher". Heraclitus is famous for his insistence on ever-present change in the universe, as stated in the famous saying, "No man ever steps in the same river twice". He believed in the unity of opposites, stating that "the path up and down are one and the same", all existing entities being characterized by pairs of contrary properties. His cryptic utterance that "all entities come to be in accordance with this Logos" (literally, "word", "reason", or "account") has been the subject of numerous interpretations.

Answer 1830

(măn-tē′yə, -tĭl′ə) n. 1. A lightweight lace or silk scarf traditionally worn over the head and shoulders, often over a high comb, by women in Spain and Latin America. 2. A short cloak or cape. [Spanish, diminutive of manta, cape; see manta.]

Answer 1831

(Psychiatry) a delusive condition affecting some visitors to Jerusalem in which the sufferer identifies with a major figure from his or her religious background

Answer 1832

(ō′vər-cho͝or′) n. 1. Music a. An instrumental composition intended especially as an introduction to an extended work, such as an opera or oratorio. b. A similar orchestral work intended for independent concert performance. 2. An introductory section or part, as of a poem; a prelude. 3. An act, offer, or proposal that indicates readiness to undertake a course of action or open a relationship. tr. v. o·ver·tured, o·ver·tur·ing, o·ver·tures 1. To present as an introduction or proposal. 2. To present or make an offer or proposal to.

Answer 1833

n. 1. a. One of the upright partitions dividing a ship into compartments and serving to add structural rigidity and to prevent the spread of leakage or fire. b. A partition or wall serving a similar purpose in a vehicle, such as an aircraft or spacecraft. 2. A wall or an embankment, as in a mine or along a waterfront, that acts as a protective barrier. 3. Chiefly New England A horizontal or sloping structure providing access to a cellar stairway. [bulk, stall, partition (perhaps of Scandinavian origin) + head.]

Answer 1834

(kŏl′ə-fŏn′) An ancient Greek city of Asia Minor northwest of Ephesus. It was famous for its cavalry. n. 1. An inscription placed usually at the end of a book, giving facts about its publication. 2. A publisher's emblem or trademark placed usually on the spine or the title page of a book. [Late Latin colophōn, from Greek kolophōn, summit, finishing touch; see kel- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1835

(vĕs′tə-byo͞ol′) n. 1. A small entrance hall or passage between the outer door and the interior of a house or building. 2. An enclosed area at the end of a passenger car on a railroad train. 3. Anatomy A body cavity, chamber, or channel that leads to or is an entrance to another body cavity: the vestibule of the inner ear.

Answer 1836

also hyp·no·gog·ic (hĭp′nə-gŏj′ĭk, -gō′jĭk) adj. 1. Inducing sleep; soporific. 2. Of, relating to, or occurring in the state of intermediate consciousness preceding sleep: hypnagogic hallucinations. [French hypnagogique : Greek hupnos, sleep; see agōgos in Indo-European roots).]

Answer 1837

adj. 1. Of or relating to a numen; supernatural. 2. Filled with or characterized by a sense of a supernatural presence: a numinous place. 3. Spiritually elevated; sublime. nu′mi·nos′i·ty (-nŏs′ĭ-tē) n.

Answer 1838

n. Roman Mythology The principal goddess of the pantheon and the wife of Jupiter, worshiped as the goddess of women, marriage, childbirth, and the moon, and as the protector of the state. She came to be identified with the Greek Hera. [Latin Iūnō, from iuvenis, young (probably from her association with the new moon); see yeu- in Indo-European roots.] also: a woman of stately bearing and regal beauty

Answer 1839

(trĭs′mə-jĭs′təs, trĭz′-) Hermes Trismegistus (Ancient Greek: "thrice-greatest Hermes") is the purported author of the Hermetic Corpus, a series of sacred texts that are the basis of Hermeticism. Hermes Trismegistus may be a representation of the syncretic combination of the Greek god Hermes and the Egyptian god Thoth. In Hellenistic Egypt, the Greeks recognised the congruence of their god Hermes with Thoth. Subsequently the two gods were worshipped as one in what had been the Temple of Thoth in Khemnu, which the Greeks called Hermopolis. Both Thoth and Hermes were gods of writing and of magic in their respective cultures. Thus, the Greek god of interpretive communication was combined with the Egyptian god of wisdom as a patron of astrology and alchemy. In addition, both gods were psychopomps, guiding souls to the afterlife. The Egyptian Priest and Polymath Imhotep had been deified long after his death and therefore assimilated to Thoth in the classical and Hellenistic period. The renowned scribe Amenhotep and a wise man named Teôs were equally deified as gods of wisdom, science and medicine and thus placed alongside Imhotep in shrines dedicated to Thoth-Hermes during the Ptolemaic period.

Answer 1840

n. A two-masted sailing ship, square-rigged on the foremast and having a fore-and-aft mainsail, often with square main topsails. [French brigantin, from Old French brigandin, from Old Italian brigantino, skirmishing ship, from brigante, skirmisher; see brigand.]

Answer 1841

(ĭ-tro͝or′ē-ə) An ancient country of west-central Italy in present-day Tuscany and parts of Umbria. It was the center of the Etruscan civilization, which spread throughout much of Italy before being supplanted by Rome in the third century bc. E·tru′ri·an adj. & n.

Answer 1842

(ăb-stē′mē-əs, əb-) adj. 1. Eating and drinking in moderation. 2. Characterized by abstinence or moderation: an abstemious way of life. [From Latin abstēmius : abs-, ab-, away; see ab-1 + \*tēmum, liquor, variant of tēmētum.] ab·ste′mi·ous·ly adv. ab·ste′mi·ous·ness n.

Answer 1843

n. 1. Opinion or judgment based on inconclusive or incomplete evidence; guesswork. 2. An opinion or conclusion based on guesswork: The commentators made various conjectures about the outcome of the next election. v. con·jec·tured, con·jec·tur·ing, con·jec·tures v.tr. To judge or conclude by conjecture; guess: "From the comparative silence below ... I conjectured that Mr Rochester was now at liberty" (CharlotteBrontë). v.intr. To make a conjecture.

Answer 1844

(hŭm′ək) n. 1. A low mound or ridge of earth; a knoll. 2. also ham·mock (hăm′ək) A tract of forested land that rises above an adjacent marsh in the southern United States. 3. A ridge or hill of ice in an ice field. hum′mock·y adj.

Answer 1845

(sī′nə-sho͝or′, sĭn′ə-) n. 1. An object that serves as a focal point of attention and admiration. 2. Something that serves to guide. [French, Ursa Minor (which contains the guiding star Polaris), from Latin cynosūra, from Greek kunosoura, dog's tail, Ursa Minor : kunos, genitive of kuōn, dog; see kwon- in Indo-European roots + ourā, tail; see ors- in Indo-European roots.] cy′no·sur′al adj.

Answer 1846

(kwä-fyo͝or′) n. A hairstyle. tr.v. coif·fured, coif·fur·ing, coif·fures To arrange or dress (hair).

Answer 1847

adj. 1. Failing to accomplish an intended objective; fruitless: an abortive attempt to conclude the negotiations. 2. Biology Partially or imperfectly developed: an abortive organ. 3. Causing or meant to cause abortion; abortifacient. a·bor′tive·ly adv. a·bor′tive·ness n.

Answer 1848

(slo͞os) n. 1. a. An artificial channel for conducting water, with a valve or gate to regulate the flow: sluices connecting a reservoir with irrigated fields. b. A valve or gate used in such a channel; a floodgate: open sluices to flood a dry dock. Also called sluice gate. 2. A body of water impounded behind a floodgate. 3. A sluiceway. 4. A long inclined trough, as for carrying logs or separating gold ore. v. sluiced, sluic·ing, sluic·es v. tr. 1. To flood or drench with or as if with a flow of released water. 2. To wash with water flowing in a sluice: sluicing sediment for gold. 3. To draw off or let out by a sluice: sluice floodwater. 4. To send (logs, for example) down a sluice. v.intr. To flow out from or as if from a sluice. [Middle English scluse, from Old French escluse, from Late Latin exclūsa, from Latin, feminine past participle of exclūdere, to shut out; see exclude.]

Answer 1849

n. 1. a. A rod or pin, tapered at one end and usually weighted at the other, on which fibers are spun by hand into thread and then wound. b. A similar rod or pin used for spinning on a spinning wheel. c. A pin or rod holding a bobbin or spool on which thread is wound on an automated spinning machine. 2. Any of various mechanical parts that revolve or serve as axes for larger revolving parts, as in a lock, axle, phonograph turntable, or lathe. 3. Any of various long thin stationary rods, as: a. A spike on which papers may be impaled. b. A baluster. 4. Biology A cytoplasmic network composed of microtubules along which the chromosomes are distributed during mitosis and meiosis. v. spin·dled, spin·dling, spin·dles v.tr. 1. To furnish or equip with a spindle or spindles. 2. To impale or perforate on a spindle: Do not fold, spindle, or mutilate this card. v.intr. To grow into a thin, elongated, or weak form.

Answer 1850

(chīld) In the Middle Ages, a childe or child [Old English Cild \> "Young Lord"] was the son of a nobleman who had not yet attained knighthood, or had not yet won his spurs. As a rank in chivalry, it was used as a title, e.g. Child Horn in King Horn, as a male progressed through the positions of squire and then knight. The term is now obsolete, but is still well known from poetry, such as Robert Browning's Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came and Lord Byron's Childe Harold's Pilgrimage.

Answer 1851

(fĕt′lŏk′) n. 1. a. A projection on the lower part of the leg of a horse or related animal, above and behind the hoof. b. A tuft of hair on such a projection. 2. The joint marked by such a projection.

Answer 1852

(lə-bûr′nəm) n. Any of several poisonous trees or shrubs of the genus Laburnum of the pea family, especially L. anagyroides, which is cultivated for its drooping clusters of yellow flowers.

Answer 1853

n. pl. as·per·i·ties 1. a. Roughness or harshness, as of surface, sound, or climate: the asperity of northern winters. b. Severity; rigor. 2. A slight projection from a surface; a point or bump. 3. Harshness of manner; ill temper or irritability. [Middle English asperite, from Old French asprete, from Latin asperitās, from asper, rough.]

Answer 1854

(pĭkt) n. One of an ancient people of northern Britain. They remained undefeated by the Romans and in the ninth century joined with the Scots to form a kingdom later to become Scotland. [From Middle English Pictes, Picts, from Late Latin Pictī, from Latin pictī, pl. of pictus, painted; see picture.]

Answer 1855

(ĕr′zäts′, ĕr-zäts′) adj. 1. Being a usually inferior imitation or substitute; artificial: ersatz coffee made of chicory. 2. Not genuine; fake: "Popularity was an intoxicant ... reporters began to ask for interviews and I gave them in an ersatz accent" (Maya Angelou). [German, replacement, from ersetzen, to replace, from Old High German irsezzan : ir-, out; see ud- in Indo-European roots + sezzan, to set; see sed- in Indo-European roots.] er′satz′ n.

Answer 1856

n. 1. Roman Catholic Church A member of the Society of Jesus. 2. often jesuit One given to subtle casuistry. [French Jésuite, from Jésus, Jesus, from Late Latin Iēsus; see Jesus.] Jes′u·it′i·cal adj. Jes′u·it′i·cal·ly adv. The Society of Jesus is a male religious congregation of the Catholic Church. The members are called Jesuits. The society is engaged in evangelization and apostolic ministry in 112 nations on six continents. Jesuits work in education (founding schools, colleges, universities and seminaries), intellectual research, and cultural pursuits. Jesuits also give retreats, minister in hospitals and parishes, and promote social justice and ecumenical dialogue. Ignatius of Loyola founded the society after being wounded in battle and experiencing a religious conversion. He composed the Spiritual Exercises to help others follow the teachings of Jesus Christ. In 1534, Ignatius and six other young men, including Francis Xavier and Peter Faber, gathered and professed vows of poverty, chastity, and later obedience, including a special vow of obedience to the Pope in matters of mission direction and assignment. Ignatius's plan of the order's organization was approved by Pope Paul III in 1540 by a bull containing the "Formula of the Institute," as described below. Ignatius was a nobleman who had a military background, and the members of the society were supposed to accept orders anywhere in the world, where they might be required to live in extreme conditions. Accordingly, the opening lines of the founding document declared that the Society was founded for "whoever desires to serve as a soldier of God, to strive especially for the defense and propagation of the faith and for the progress of souls in Christian life and doctrine." Jesuits are thus sometimes referred to colloquially as "God's Soldiers", "God's Marines", or "the Company", references to Ignatius' history as a soldier and the society's commitment to accepting orders anywhere and to endure any conditions. The Society participated in the Counter-Reformation and, later, in the implementation of the Second Vatican Council in the Catholic Church.

Answer 1857

(ī-lo͝or′ə-fīl′, ā-lo͝or′-) n. One who loves cats. [Greek ailouros, cat + -phile.] ai·lu·ro·phil′i·a (-fĭl′ē-ə) n.

Answer 1858

a spar that extends the bowsprit

Answer 1859

A rail and the row of balusters or posts that support it, as along the front of a gallery.

Answer 1860

Canterbury Cathedral in Canterbury, Kent, is one of the oldest and most famous Christian structures in England and forms part of a World Heritage Site. It is the cathedral of the Archbishop of Canterbury, leader of the Church of England and symbolic leader of the worldwide Anglican Communion; the archbishop, being suitably occupied with national and international matters, delegates the most of his functions as diocesan bishop to the Bishop suffragan of Dover. Its formal title is the Cathedral and Metropolitical Church of Christ at Canterbury. Founded in 597, the cathedral was completely rebuilt from 1070 to 1077. The east end was greatly enlarged at the beginning of the twelfth century, and largely rebuilt in the Gothic style following a fire in 1174, with significant eastward extensions to accommodate the flow of pilgrims visiting the shrine of Thomas Becket, the archbishop who was murdered in the cathedral in 1170. The Norman nave and transepts survived until the late fourteenth century, when they were demolished to make way for the present structures.

Answer 1861

(hĭ-brā′ĭk) also He·bra·i·cal (-ĭ-kəl) adj. Of, relating to, or characteristic of the Hebrews or their language or culture. He·bra′i·cal·ly adv.

Answer 1862

(mə-năj′ə-rē, -năzh′-) n. 1. a. A collection of live wild animals on exhibition. b. The place where such animals are kept. 2. A diverse or miscellaneous group.

Answer 1863

n. 1. Delicate and intricate ornamental work made from gold, silver, or other fine twisted wire. 2. a. An intricate, delicate, or fanciful ornamentation. b. A design resembling such ornamentation: filigrees of frosting on a cake. tr.v. fil·i·greed, fil·i·gree·ing, fil·i·grees To decorate with or as if with filigree. [Alteration of French filigrane, from Italian filigrana : Latin fīlum, thread; see gwhī- in Indo-European roots + Latin grānum, grain; see gr̥ə-no- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1864

Chiefly British A turtle that lives in fresh or brackish water.

Answer 1865

adj. 1. a. Querulous or discontented. b. Ill-tempered. 2. Contrary; fractious. [Middle English pevish, possibly from Latin perversus, turned the wrong way, perverse, past participle of pervertere, to turn around, corrupt; see pervert.] pee′vish·ly adv. pee′vish·ness n.

Answer 1866

(sîr) adj. Withered; dry: sere vegetation at the edge of the desert. [Middle English, from Old English sēar.]

Answer 1867

n. A long, irregularly shaped gland in vertebrates, lying behind the stomach, that secretes pancreatic juice into the duodenum and insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin into the bloodstream. [Greek pankreas : pan-, pan- + kreas, flesh; see kreuə- in Indo-European roots.] pan′cre·at′ic (păng′krē-ăt′ĭk, păn′-) adj.

Answer 1868

(ā′kwē-əs, ăk′wē-) adj. 1. Relating to, similar to, containing, or dissolved in water; watery. 2. Geology Formed from matter deposited by water, as certain sedimentary rocks. [From Medieval Latin aqueus, from Latin aqua, water; see aqua.]

Answer 1869

(prī′və-tîr′) n. 1. A ship privately owned and crewed but authorized by a government during wartime to attack and capture enemy vessels. 2. The commander or one of the crew of such a ship. intr.v. pri·va·teered, pri·va·teer·ing, pri·va·teers To sail as a privateer.

Answer 1870

(sĕr′əf) n. pl. ser·a·phim (-ə-fĭm) or ser·aphs 1. Bible A celestial being having three pairs of wings. 2. seraphim Christianity The first of the nine orders of angels in medieval angelology. [Back-formation from pl. seraphim, from Middle English seraphin, from Old English, from Late Latin seraphīn, seraphīm, from Greek serapheim, from Hebrew śərāpîm, pl. of śārāp, fiery serpent, seraph, from śārap, to burn; see śrp in Semitic roots.] se·raph′ic (sə-răf′ĭk), se·raph′i·cal (-ĭ-kəl) adj. se·raph′i·cal·ly adv. A seraph (/ˈsɛr.əf/; pl. seraphs or seraphim /ˈsɛr.ə.fɪm/, in the King James Version also seraphims (plural); Hebrew: שָׂרָף śārāf, plural שְׂרָפִים śərāfîm; Latin: seraphim and seraphin (plural), also seraphus (-i, m.);[1] Greek: σεραφείμ serapheím) is a type of celestial or heavenly being in Christianity and Judaism. Tradition places seraphs in the highest rank in the Christian angelic hierarchy and in the fifth rank of ten in the Jewish angelic hierarchy. A seminal passage in the Book of Isaiah (Isaiah 6:1-8) used the term to describe six-winged beings that fly around the Throne of God crying "holy, holy, holy". This throne scene, with its triple invocation of holiness (a formula that came to be known as the Trisagion), profoundly influenced subsequent theology, literature and art. Its influence is frequently seen in works depicting angels, heaven and apotheosis. Seraphs are mentioned as celestial beings in an influential Hellenistic work, the Book of Enoch, and the Book of Revelation.

Answer 1871

(prō-to͞o′bər-əns, -tyo͞o′-, prə-) n. 1. Something, such as a bulge, knob, or swelling, that protrudes. 2. The condition of being protuberant.

Answer 1872

(drō′vər) n. One who drives cattle or sheep.

Answer 1873

n 1. (Poetry) a metrical foot of two short or unstressed syllables adj 2. (Poetry) of or relating to such a metrical foot 3. (Poetry) (of poetry) composed in pyrrhics * * * n 1. (Dancing) a war dance of ancient Greece 2. (Historical Terms) a war dance of ancient Greece adj 3. (Dancing) of or relating to this dance 4. (Historical Terms) of or relating to this dance * * * Pyrrhic victory n. A victory that is offset by staggering losses.

Answer 1874

n. pl. bib·li·o·man·cies Divination by interpretation of a passage chosen at random from a book, especially the Bible.

Answer 1875

(pyo͞o′sə-lăn′ə-məs) adj characterized by a lack of courage or determination [C16: from Late Latin pusillanimis from Latin pusillus weak +animus courage] pusillanimity n pusilˈlanimously adv

Answer 1876

(rĕk′tə-lĭn′ē-ər) adj. Moving in, consisting of, bounded by, or characterized by a straight line or lines: following a rectilinear path; rectilinear patterns in wallpaper. [From Late Latin rēctilīneus : Latin rēctus, right; see reg- in Indo-European roots + Latin līnea, line; see line.] rec′ti·lin′e·ar·ly adv.

Answer 1877

(är′kə-măn′drīt′) n. Eastern Orthodox Church 1. A celibate priest ranking below a bishop. 2. The head of a monastery or a group of monasteries. [Late Latin archimandrīta, from Late Greek arkhimandrītēs : Greek arkhi-, archi- + Late Greek mandra, monastery (from Greek, cattle pen).]

Answer 1878

(ĭn-sĭp′ē-ənt) adj. Beginning to exist or appear: detecting incipient tumors; an incipient personnel problem. [Latin incipiēns, incipient-, present participle of incipere, to begin; see inception.] in·cip′i·en·cy, in·cip′i·ence n. in·cip′i·ent·ly adv.

Answer 1879

(rŭn′əl) n. 1. A rivulet; a brook. 2. A narrow channel or course, as for water. [Middle English rynel, from Old English, from rinnan, to run; see rei- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1880

Thomas of Erceldoune, sometimes styled Thomas Learmonth (c. 1220 – 1298), was a 13th-century Scottish laird and reputed prophet from Earlston (then called "Erceldoune"), and known by the sobriquets Thomas the Rhymer or True Thomas. In literature he appears as the protagonist in the tale about Thomas the Rhymer, who was carried off by the "Queen of Elfland" and returned having gained the gift of prophecy, as well as the inability to tell a lie. The tale survives in a medieval verse romance in five manuscripts, as well as in the popular ballad "Thomas the Rhymer".

Answer 1881

n. 1. bacterial or fungal decomposition of organic matter with resulting obnoxious odors; rotting. 2. the state of being putrefied; decay. [1350–1400; Middle English pu`tre•fac′tive, pu`tre•fa′cient (-ˈfeɪ ʃənt) adj.

Answer 1882

intr.v. phi·lan·dered, phi·lan·der·ing, phi·lan·ders 1. To have a sexual affair with someone who is not one's spouse or partner. Used especially of a man. 2. To have many casual sexual affairs. Used especially of a man. 3. Archaic To flirt. Used especially of a man. [From philander, lover, from Philander, former literary name for a lover, from Greek philandros, loving or fond of men : phil-, philo-, philo- + anēr, andr-, man; see ner- in Indo-European roots.] phi·lan′der·er n.

Answer 1883

n. The act, process, or art of fishing with a hook and line and usually a rod.

Answer 1884

(ē′grĕs′) n. 1. The act of coming or going out; emergence. 2. The right to leave or go out: denied the refugees egress. 3. A path or opening for going out; an exit. 4. Astronomy The emergence of a celestial body from eclipse or occultation. intr.v. e·gressed, e·gress·ing, e·gress·es To go out; emerge.

Answer 1885

(ĕf′lo͞o-ənt) adj. Flowing out or forth. n. Something that flows out or forth, especially: a. A stream flowing out of a body of water. b. An outflow from a sewer or sewage system. c. A discharge of liquid waste, as from a factory or nuclear plant. [Middle English, from Latin effluēns, effluent-, present participle of effluere, to flow out : ex-, ex- + fluere, to flow; see bhleu- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1886

(sŭb-ā′kwē-əs, -ăk′wē-) adj. 1. Formed or adapted for underwater use or operation; submarine. 2. Found or occurring underwater: subaqueous organisms; subaqueous rocks.

Answer 1887

(băn′ək) n. 1. A flat, usually unleavened bread made of oatmeal or barley flour. 2. Northern US, especially New England Thin cornbread baked on a griddle.

Answer 1888

Hydrogen is a chemical element with chemical symbol H and atomic number 1. With an atomic weight of 1.00794 u, hydrogen is the lightest element on the periodic table. Its monatomic form (H) is the most abundant chemical substance in the universe, constituting roughly 75% of all baryonic mass. Non-remnant stars are mainly composed of hydrogen in its plasma state. The most common isotope of hydrogen, termed protium (name rarely used, symbol 1H), has a single proton and zero neutrons.

Answer 1889

Archaic adv. Happily; gladly: "I would fain improve every opportunity to wonder and worship, as a sunflower welcomes the light" (Henry David Thoreau). adj. 1. Ready; willing. 2. Pleased; happy. 3. Obliged or required. [Middle English, from Old English fægen, joyful, glad.]

Answer 1890

n. 1. An ice floe. 2. A segment that has separated from such an ice mass. [Probably from Norwegian flo, layer, from Old Norse flō; see plāk- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1891

In finance, a bond is an instrument of indebtedness of the bond issuer to the holders. It is a debt security, under which the issuer owes the holders a debt and, depending on the terms of the bond, is obliged to pay them interest (the coupon) and/or to repay the principal at a later date, termed the maturity date. Interest is usually payable at fixed intervals (semiannual, annual, sometimes monthly). Very often the bond is negotiable, i.e. the ownership of the instrument can be transferred in the secondary market. This means that once the transfer agents at the bank medallion stamp the bond, it is highly liquid on the second market. Thus a bond is a form of loan or IOU (sounded "I owe you"): the holder of the bond is the lender (creditor), the issuer of the bond is the borrower (debtor), and the coupon is the interest. Bonds provide the borrower with external funds to finance long-term investments, or, in the case of government bonds, to finance current expenditure. Certificates of deposit (CDs) or short term commercial paper are considered to be money market instruments and not bonds: the main difference is in the length of the term of the instrument. Bonds and stocks are both securities, but the major difference between the two is that (capital) stockholders have an equity stake in the company (i.e. they are investors), whereas bondholders have a creditor stake in the company (i.e. they are lenders). Being a creditor, bondholders have absolute priority and will be repaid before stockholders (who are owners) in the event of bankruptcy. Another difference is that bonds usually have a defined term, or maturity, after which the bond is redeemed, whereas stocks are typically outstanding indefinitely. An exception is an irredeemable bond, such as Consols, which is a perpetuity, i.e. a bond with no maturity.

Answer 1892

(ĕn-kō′mē-ăst′, -əst) n. A person who delivers or writes an encomium; a eulogist.

Answer 1893

(ăm′nē-ən, -ŏn′) n. pl. am·ni·ons or am·ni·a (-nē-ə) A thin, tough, membranous sac that encloses the embryo or fetus of a mammal, bird, or reptile. It is filled with a serous fluid in which the embryo or fetus is suspended. [Greek amniōn.] am′ni·ot′ic (-ŏt′ĭk), am′ni·on′ic (-ŏn′ĭk) adj.

Answer 1894

adj. Of a size or splendor suggesting great expense; lavish: "He likes big meals, so I cook sumptuous ones" (Anaïs Nin). [Middle English, from Old French sumptueux, from Latin sūmptuōsus, from sūmptus, expense; see sumptuary.] sump′tu·ous·ly adv. sump′tu·ous·ness n.

Answer 1895

(făk-tō′təm) n. An employee or assistant who serves in a wide range of capacities.

Answer 1896

tr.v. ab·ro·gat·ed, ab·ro·gat·ing, ab·ro·gates To abolish, do away with, or annul, especially by authority: "Our existing Aboriginal and treaty rights were now part of the supreme law of the land, and could not be abrogated or denied by any government". [Latin abrogāre, abrogāt- : ab-, away; see rogāre in Indo-European roots.] ab′ro·ga′tion n. ab′ro·ga′tive adj. ab′ro·ga′tor n.

Answer 1897

First emperor of Rome (27 bc-ad 14) and grandnephew of Julius Caesar. Born Gaius Octavius, he took the name Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus—often referred to simply as Octavian in English texts—in 44 after Caesar's assassination. He defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra in 31 and subsequently gained control over Rome and its extensive territories. In 27 he was named emperor and given the honorary title Augustus.

Answer 1898

(vī-to͞o′pə-rāt′, -tyo͞o′-, vĭ-) v. vi·tu·per·at·ed, vi·tu·per·at·ing, vi·tu·per·ates v.tr. To rebuke or criticize harshly or angrily; berate. See Synonyms at scold. v.intr. To use harshly critical or irate language; rail. vi·tu′per·a′tor n.

Answer 1899

adj. Refined; sophisticated: "We forgot ... all the promises we'd made to be civilized and ladylike, couth and kempt" (Karen Russell). n. Refinement; sophistication: "The man has no couth" (Los Angeles Times). [Back-formation from uncouth.]

Answer 1900

(ĭn-so͞o′sē-ənt, ăN′so͞o-syäN′) adj. Marked by blithe unconcern; nonchalant.

Answer 1901

(ăp′ə-lā′shən) n. 1. A name, title, or designation. 2. A protected name under which a wine may be sold, indicating that the grapes used are of a specific kind from a specific district. 3. The act of naming. [Middle English appelacion, from Old French appelation, from Latin appellātiō, appellātiōn-, from appellātus, past participle of appellāre, to entreat; see appeal. Sense 2, from French appellation (d'origine contrôlée), (registered vintage) trade name, from appellation, trade name, from Old French appelation.]

Answer 1902

(ə-stûrn′) adv, adj (postpositive) 1. (Nautical Terms) at or towards the stern 2. (Nautical Terms) with the stern first: full speed astern!. 3. (Nautical Terms) aft of the stern of a vessel

Answer 1903

Stalinism is the means of governing and related policies implemented by Joseph Stalin. Stalinist policies in the Soviet Union included: state terror, rapid industrialization, the theory of socialism in one country, a centralized state, collectivization of agriculture, cult of personality, and subordination of interests of foreign communist parties to those of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union—deemed by Stalinism to be the most forefront vanguard party of communist revolution at the time. Stalinism promoted the escalation of class conflict, utilizing state violence to forcibly purge society of claimed supporters of the bourgeoisie, regarding them as threats to the pursuit of the communist revolution that resulted in substantial political violence and persecution of such people. These included not only bourgeois people but also working-class people accused of counter-revolutionary sympathies. Stalinist industrialization was officially designed to accelerate the development towards communism, stressing that such rapid industrialization was needed because the country was previously economically backward in comparison with other countries; and that it was needed in order to face the challenges posed by internal and external enemies of communism. Rapid industrialization was accompanied with mass collectivization of agriculture and rapid urbanization. Rapid urbanization converted many small villages into industrial cities. To accelerate the development of industrialization, Stalin pragmatically created joint venture contracts with major American private enterprises, such as Ford Motor Company, that under state supervision assisted in developing the basis of industry of the Soviet economy from the late 1920s to 1930s. After the American private enterprises completed their tasks, Soviet state enterprises took over.

Answer 1904

ĭ-trŭs′kən) adj. Of or relating to ancient Etruria or its people, language, or culture. n. 1. A native or inhabitant of ancient Etruria. 2. The extinct language of the Etruscans, of unknown linguistic affiliation.

Answer 1905

adj. 1. Excessively flattering or insincerely earnest. See Synonyms at unctuous. 2. Disgusting or offensive: "With the stink of decaying corpses so near her cave ... suddenly she felt overpowered by the fulsome reek" (Jean Auel). 3. Usage Problem Copious or abundant. [Middle English fulsom, abundant, well-fed, arousing disgust : ful, full; see full + -som, adj. suff.; see -some.] ful′some·ly adv. ful′some·ness n. Usage Note: The original meaning of fulsome was "copious, abundant." But fulsome is now most often used of remarks that involve excessive praise or ingratiating flattery, as in Their fulsome compliments were viewed as an awkward attempt at winning approval. This narrower application of the word has become its sole meaning for many educated speakers, to the point where a large majority of the Usage Panel disapproves of the use of fulsome to mean simply "full" or "copious." Thus it may be best to avoid fulsome except where the context unambiguously conveys the idea that the praise in question is excessive or fawning.

Answer 1906

(prŏp′ə-lĭs) n. A resinous substance collected from the buds of certain trees by bees and used as a cement or sealant in the construction of their hives. [Latin, from Greek, suburb, bee glue (from the fact that it was originally the name of a structure around the opening into the hive) : pro-, before; see polis in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1907

(ĭn′tər-kŏs′təl) adj. Located or occurring between the ribs. n. A space, muscle, or part situated between the ribs.

Answer 1908

``` tr. & intr.v. tip·pled, tip·pling, tip·ples To drink (alcoholic liquor) or engage in such drinking, especially habitually or to excess. ``` n. Alcoholic liquor. [Perhaps back-formation from Middle English tipeler, bartender.] tip′pler n.

Answer 1909

tr. v. a·verred, a·ver·ring, a·vers 1. To affirm positively; declare: "Liberal politicians ... found it necessary to aver that they were in favor of rigid economy in public spending too" (John Kenneth Galbraith). 2. Law To assert formally as a fact. [Middle English averren, from Old French averer, from Vulgar Latin \*advērāre : Latin ad-, ad- + Latin vērus, true; see wērə-o- in Indo-European roots.] a·ver′ment n. a·ver′ra·ble adj.

Answer 1910

intr.v. lurched, lurch·ing, lurch·es 1. a. To make an abrupt sudden movement: The train lurched and moved away from the platform. b. To move with abrupt movements; move haltingly or jerkily. See Synonyms at blunder. 2. To roll or pitch suddenly or erratically: The ship lurched in the storm. The car gave a start and then lurched forward. n. 1. A staggering or tottering movement or gait. 2. An abrupt rolling or pitching. lurch′ing·ly adv. Synonyms: stagger, stumble

Answer 1911

(dĕd´ī`) n. 1. (Naut.) A round, flattish, wooden block, encircled by a rope, or an iron band, and pierced with three holes to receive the lanyard; - used to extend the shrouds and stays, and for other purposes. Called also deadman's eye.

Answer 1912

n. 1. A shackle used to teach a horse to amble. 2. Something that restricts activity, expression, or progress; a restraint. 3. A vertically set fishing net of three layers, consisting of a finely meshed net between two nets of coarse mesh. 4. An instrument for drawing ellipses. 5. An instrument for gauging and adjusting parts of a machine; a tram. 6. An arrangement of links and a hook in a fireplace for raising and lowering a kettle. tr. v. tram·meled, tram·mel·ing, tram·mels or tram·melled or tram·mel·ling 1. To enmesh in a fishing net. 2. To hinder the activity or free movement of. [Middle English tramale, a kind of net, from Old French tramail, from Late Latin trēmaculum : Latin trēs, three; see trei- in Indo-European roots + Latin macula, mesh.] tram′mel·er n.

Answer 1913

(măg-năn′ə-məs) adj. Highly moral, especially in showing kindness or forgiveness, as in overlooking insults or not seeking revenge. [From Latin magnanimus : magnus, great; see meg- in Indo-European roots + animus, soul, mind; see anə- in Indo-European roots.] mag·nan′i·mous·ly adv. mag·nan′i·mous·ness n.

Answer 1914

(vĕs′chər) n. 1. Clothing; apparel. 2. Something that covers or cloaks: hills in a vesture of mist. tr.v. ves·tured, ves·tur·ing, ves·tures To cover with vesture; clothe. [Middle English, from Old French, from Vulgar Latin \*vestītūra, from Latin vestītus, past participle of vestīre, to clothe, from vestis, garment; see vest.]

Answer 1915

tr. v. fur·bished, fur·bish·ing, fur·bish·es 1. To brighten by cleaning or rubbing; polish. 2. To restore to attractive or serviceable condition; renovate. [Middle English furbishen, from Old French fourbir, fourbiss-, from Frankish \*furbjan.] fur′bish·er n.

Answer 1916

n. 1. A block or slab on which a pedestal, column, or statue is placed. 2. The base block at the intersection of the baseboard and the vertical trim around an opening. 3. A continuous course of stones supporting a wall. Also called plinth course. 4. A square base, as for a vase.

Answer 1917

(prĕs′ĭj) n. 1. An indication or warning of a future occurrence; an omen. 2. A feeling or intuition of what is going to occur; a presentiment. 3. Prophetic significance or meaning. 4. Archaic A prediction. v. (prĭ-sāj′, prĕs′ĭj) pre·saged, pre·sag·ing, pre·sag·es v. tr. 1. To indicate or warn of in advance; portend. 2. To have a presentiment of. 3. To foretell or predict. v.intr. To make or utter a prediction. [Middle English, from Latin praesāgium, from praesāgīre, to perceive beforehand : prae-, pre- + sāgīre, to perceive; see sāg- in Indo-European roots.] pre·sage′ful (prĭ-sāj′fəl) adj.

Answer 1918

n. 1. A moderate to strong brown. 2. A coarse gray, brown, or reddish-brown homespun cloth. 3. A winter apple with a rough reddish-brown skin. 4. Any of various varieties of potato having reddish-brown skin, especially a russet Burbank. adj. Moderate to strong brown. [Middle English, from Old French rousset, from rous, red, from Latin russus; see reudh- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1919

n. Divination by means of lines and figures or by geographic features. [Middle English geomancie, from Medieval Latin geōmantia, from Late Greek geōmanteia, divination by signs from the earth : Greek geō-, geo- + Greek -manteia, -mancy.] ge′o·man′cer n. ge′o·man′tic (-tĭk) adj.

Answer 1920

also lis·som (lĭs′əm) adj. 1. Moving or able to move with grace and ease; lithe and graceful. 2. Easily bent; supple. [Alteration of lithesome.] lis′some·ly adv. lis′some·ness n.

Answer 1921

(rĭ-pâr′ē-ən) adj 1. (Environmental Science) of, inhabiting, or situated on the bank of a river 2. (Law) denoting or relating to the legal rights of the owner of land on a river bank, such as fishing or irrigation n 3. (Law) property law a person who owns land on a river bank [C19: from Latin rīpārius, from rīpa a river bank]

Answer 1922

(stō-kăs′tĭk) adj. 1. Of, relating to, or characterized by conjecture; conjectural. 2. Statistics Involving or containing a random variable or process: stochastic calculus; a stochastic simulation. [Greek stokhastikos, from stokhastēs, diviner, from stokhazesthai, to guess at, from stokhos, aim, goal; see stegh- in Indo-European roots.] sto·chas′ti·cal·ly adv.

Answer 1923

n. 1. a. Any of various bulbous plants of the genus Narcissus, especially one of the many cultivated varieties of N. pseudonarcissus, having showy, usually yellow flowers with a trumpet-shaped central corona. b. The flower of any of these plants. 2. A brilliant to vivid yellow.

Answer 1924

adj. 1. Inclined to keep one's thoughts, feelings, and personal affairs to oneself. See Synonyms at laconic. 2. Restrained or reserved: "The laughter was steady, if reticent" (Bernard Lown). 3. Usage Problem Reluctant; unwilling. [Latin reticēns, reticent-, present participle of reticēre, to keep silent : re-, re- + tacēre, to be silent.] ret′i·cence (-səns) adv. ret′i·cent·ly adv. Usage Note: Reticent is generally used to indicate a reluctance to speak. Most commentators on usage have criticized its extended use as an all-purpose synonym for reluctant.

Answer 1925

(ī′sĭs) n. Mythology An ancient Egyptian goddess of fertility and magic who was the sister and wife of Osiris. [Latin Īsis, from Greek, from Egyptian 'st.] Isis is still widely worshiped by many pagans today in diverse religious contexts; including a number of distinct pagan religions, the modern Goddess movement, and interfaith organizations such as the Fellowship of Isis. Isis was worshipped as the ideal mother and wife as well as the patroness of nature and magic. She was the friend of slaves, sinners, artisans and the downtrodden, but she also listened to the prayers of the wealthy, maidens, aristocrats and rulers. Isis is often depicted as the mother of Horus, the falcon-headed deity associated with king and kingship (although in some traditions Horus's mother was Hathor). Isis is also known as protector of the dead and goddess of children. The name Isis means "Throne". Her headdress is a throne. As the personification of the throne, she was an important representation of the pharaoh's power. The pharaoh was depicted as her child, who sat on the throne she provided. Her cult was popular throughout Egypt, but her most important temples were at Behbeit El-Hagar in the Nile delta, and, beginning in the reign with Nectanebo I (380–362 BCE), on the island of Philae in Upper Egypt. In the typical form of her myth, Isis was the first daughter of Geb, god of the Earth, and Nut, goddess of the Sky, and she was born on the fourth intercalary day. She married her brother, Osiris, and she conceived Horus with him. Isis was instrumental in the resurrection of Osiris when he was murdered by Set. Using her magical skills, she restored his body to life after having gathered the body parts that had been strewn about the earth by Set. This myth became very important during the Greco-Roman period. For example it was believed that the Nile River flooded every year because of the tears of sorrow which Isis wept for Osiris. Osiris's death and rebirth was relived each year through rituals. The worship of Isis eventually spread throughout the Greco-Roman world, continuing until the suppression of paganism in the Christian era. The popular motif of Isis suckling her son Horus, however, lived on in a Christianized context as the popular image of Mary suckling her infant son Jesus from the fifth century onward.[6]

Answer 1926

(rē′kro͞o-dĕs′) intr. v. re·cru·desced, re·cru·desc·ing, re·cru·desc·es 1. To break out anew or come into renewed activity, as after a period of quiescence. 2. the revival of an unfortunate situation after a period of abatement; "the patient presented with a case of recrudescent gastralgia" [Latin recrūdēscere, to grow raw again : re-, re- + crūdēscere, to get worse (from crūdus, raw; see kreu?- in Indo-European roots).] re′cru·des′cence n. re′cru·des′cent adj.

Answer 1927

adj. 1. Having an abnormally pale or wan complexion: the pallid face of the invalid. 2. Lacking intensity of color or luminousness. 3. Lacking in radiance or vitality; dull: pallid prose. [Latin pallidus, from pallēre, to be pale; see pel- in Indo-European roots.] pal′lid·ly adv. pal′lid·ness n.

Answer 1928

(ĭ-thŏl′ə-jē, ē-thŏl′-) n. 1. The scientific study of animal behavior, especially as it occurs in a natural environment. 2. The study of human ethos and its formation.

Answer 1929

(kə-rŏt′ĭd) Either of the two large arteries in the neck that carry blood to the head.

Answer 1930

n. 1. a. The calling down of a curse. b. A curse. 2. Slander. mal′e·dic′to·ry (-dĭk′tə-rē) adj.

Answer 1931

(kwôr′tər-măs′tər) n. Abbr. QM 1. An officer responsible for the food, clothing, and equipment of troops. 2. A petty officer responsible for the steering of a ship.

Answer 1932

(ĭ-fyo͞o′sĭv) adj. 1. Unrestrained or excessive in emotional expression; gushy: an effusive manner. 2. Profuse; overflowing: effusive praise.

Answer 1933

Yog-Sothoth is a cosmic entity in the fictional Cthulhu Mythos and Dream Cycle of American horror writer H. P. Lovecraft. Yog-Sothoth's name was first mentioned in Lovecraft's novella, The Case of Charles Dexter Ward (written 1927, first published 1941). The being is said to take the form of a conglomeration of glowing spheres.

Answer 1934

(və-lēs′) n. A small piece of hand luggage. [French, from Italian valigia.]

Answer 1935

(dĕl′ĭ-tîr′ē-əs) adj. Having a harmful effect; injurious: the deleterious effects of smoking. [From Greek dēlētērios, from dēlētēr, destroyer, from dēleisthai, to harm.] del′e·te′ri·ous·ly adv. del′e·te′ri·ous·ness n.

Answer 1936

(bîr) n. 1. A stand on which a corpse or a coffin containing a corpse is placed before burial. 2. A coffin along with its stand: followed the bier to the cemetery.

Answer 1937

n. 1. Water saturated with or containing large amounts of a salt, especially sodium chloride. 2. a. The water of a sea or an ocean. b. A large body of salt water. 3. Salt water used for preserving and pickling foods. tr.v. brined, brin·ing, brines To immerse, preserve, or pickle in salt water.

Answer 1938

(kən-kŏm′ĭ-tənt) adj. Occurring or existing concurrently; attendant: poverty and its concomitant social problems. See Synonyms at contemporary. n. One that occurs or exists concurrently with another. [Late Latin concomitāns, concomitant-, present participle of concomitārī, to accompany : Latin com-, com- + Latin comitārī, to accompany (from comes, comit-, companion; see ei- in Indo-European roots).] con·com′i·tant·ly adv.

Answer 1939

(rĕp′ər-twär′) n. 1. The stock of songs, plays, operas, readings, or other pieces that a player or company is prepared to perform. 2. The class of compositions in a genre: has excellent command of the chanteuse repertoire. 3. The range or number of skills, aptitudes, or special accomplishments of a particular person or group. [French répertoire, from Old French, from Late Latin repertōrium; see repertory.]

Answer 1940

(sō′brĭ-kā′, -kĕt′, sō′brĭ-kā′, kĕt′) also sou·bri·quet (so͞o′brĭ-kā′, -kĕt′, so͞o′brĭ-kā′, -kĕt′) n. 1. An affectionate or humorous nickname. 2. An assumed name. [French, from Old French soubriquet, chuck under the chin.]

Answer 1941

(ĕn-vĭz′ĭj) tr. v. en·vis·aged, en·vis·ag·ing, en·vis·ag·es 1. To conceive an image or a picture of, especially as a future possibility: envisaged a world at peace. 2. To consider or regard in a certain way. [French envisager : Old French en-, in; see en-1 + Old French visage, face; see visage.]

Answer 1942

(grăt′ĭs, grä′tĭs, grā′-) adv. & adj. Without payment or charge.

Answer 1943

(ŏk′sĭ-tō′sĭn) n. A short polypeptide hormone, C43H66N12O12S2, released from the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland, that stimulates the contraction of smooth muscle of the uterus during labor and facilitates ejection of milk from the breast during nursing.

Answer 1944

(ī′dər) n. Any of several large sea ducks, especially of the genus Somateria of northern regions, having soft, commercially valuable down and predominantly black and white plumage in the male. [Back-formation from eiderdown.]

Answer 1945

(dī-dăk′tĭk) also di·dac·ti·cal (-tĭ-kəl) adj. 1. Intended to instruct. 2. Morally instructive. 3. Inclined to teach or moralize excessively. [Greek didaktikos, skillful in teaching, from didaktos, taught, from didaskein, didak-, to teach, educate.] di·dac′ti·cal·ly adv. di·dac′ti·cism (-tĭ-sĭz′əm) n.

Answer 1946

(ə-vĕs′tə) n. The body of sacred writings of the Zoroastrian religion. [Short for Zend-Avesta.]

Answer 1947

(lîr) intr.v. leered, leer·ing, leers To look with a sidelong glance, indicative especially of sexual desire or sly and malicious intent. n. A desirous, sly, or knowing look. leer′ing·ly adv.

Answer 1948

(ĭ-lĭz′ē-əm, ĭ-lĭzh′-) n. 1. Greek Mythology The Elysian Fields. 2. A place or condition of ideal happiness. [Latin Ēlysium, from Greek Ēlusion (pedion), Elysian (fields).] Elysium or the Elysian Fields is a conception of the afterlife that developed over time and was maintained by certain Greek religious and philosophical sects and cults. Initially separate from the realm of Hades, admission was reserved for mortals related to the gods and other heroes. Later, it expanded to include those chosen by the gods, the righteous, and the heroic, where they would remain after death, to live a blessed and happy life, and indulging in whatever employment they had enjoyed in life. The Elysian Fields were, according to Homer, located on the western edge of the Earth by the stream of Okeanos. In the time of the Greek oral poet Hesiod, Elysium would also be known as the Fortunate Isles or the Isles (or Islands) of the Blessed, located in the western ocean at the end of the earth. The Isles of the Blessed would be reduced to a single island by the Thebean poet Pindar, describing it as having shady parks, with residents indulging their athletic and musical pastimes. The ruler of Elysium varies from author to author: Pindar and Hesiod name Cronus as the ruler, while the poet Homer in the Odyssey describes fair-haired Rhadamanthus dwelling there.

Answer 1949

intr.v. tit·tered, tit·ter·ing, tit·ters To laugh in a restrained, nervous way; giggle. n. A nervous giggle. [Probably imitative.] tit′ter·er n. tit′ter·ing·ly adv.

Answer 1950

(är-kā′dē-ə) also Ar·ca·dy (är′kə-dē) A region of ancient Greece in the Peloponnesus. Its relatively isolated inhabitants proverbially lived a simple, pastoral life.

Answer 1951

n. 1. A long stick with a pointed end used for prodding animals. 2. An agent or means of prodding or urging; a stimulus. tr.v. goad·ed, goad·ing, goads To prod or urge with or as if with a long pointed stick.

Answer 1952

(ˈpɒdʒɪ) adj, podgier or podgiest 1. short and fat; chubby ˈpodgily adv ˈpodginess n

Answer 1953

(kou′lĭng) n. A removable metal covering for an engine, especially an aircraft engine.

Answer 1954

(ĭk-skôr′ē-āt′) tr.v. ex·co·ri·at·ed, ex·co·ri·at·ing, ex·co·ri·ates 1. a. To censure strongly; denounce: "preparing to excoriate him for his insufficient preparations" (Neil Bascomb). b. To criticize (something) harshly: "After excoriating the vapid culture of movie-star worship ... he's ended up at that trough" (Maureen Dowd). 2. To tear, scrape, or wear off (the skin).

Answer 1955

(sûr′kōt′) n. 1. A loose outer coat or gown. 2. A tunic worn in the Middle Ages by a knight over his armor. [Middle English surcote, from Old French : sur-, sur- + cote, coat; see coat.]

Answer 1956

(pə-gō′də) n. 1. a. A religious building of East Asia and Southeast Asia, especially a multistory Buddhist tower with widely overhanging eaves separating each level, erected as a memorial or shrine. b. A stupa. 2. A structure, such as a garden pavilion, built in imitation of a multistory Buddhist tower. [Portuguese pagode, perhaps from Tamil pagavadi, from Sanskrit bhagavatī, goddess, from feminine of bhagavat-, blessed, from bhagaḥ, good fortune; see bhag- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 1957

(wûr′lĭ-gĭg′, hwûr′-) n. 1. Any of various spinning toys. 2. A carousel; a merry-go-round. 3. Something that continuously whirls. 4. A whirligig beetle. [Middle English whirlegigge : whirlen, whirl; see whirl + -gigge, something that rotates (possibly of Scandinavian origin; akin to gig).]

Answer 1958

(kăr′ə-kōl′) also car·a·col (-kŏl′) n. A half turn to the right or left performed by a horse and rider. intr.v. car·a·coled, car·a·col·ing, car·a·coles To perform a caracole.

Answer 1959

(ĭ-nĭm′ĭ-kəl) adj. 1. Injurious or harmful in effect; adverse: habits inimical to good health. 2. Unfriendly; hostile: a cold, inimical voice. [Late Latin inimīcālis, from Latin inimīcus, enemy; see enemy.] in·im′i·cal·ly adv.

Answer 1960

(vīs-rē′gəl) adj. Of or relating to a viceroy. vice·re′gal·ly adv.

Answer 1961

(ā-ôr′tə) n. pl. a·or·tas or a·or·tae (-tē) The main trunk of the systemic arteries, carrying blood from the left side of the heart to the arteries of all limbs and organs except the lungs. [New Latin, from Greek āortē, from āeirein, to lift; see wer- in Indo-European roots.] a·or′tal, a·or′tic adj. Image: A. arch of aorta B. abdominal aorta

Answer 1962

(brə-vĕt′, brĕv′ĭt) n. A commission promoting a military officer in rank without an increase in pay. tr.v. bre·vet·ted, bre·vet·ting, bre·vets also bre·vet·ed or bre·vet·ing To promote by brevet. [Middle English, official letter, from Anglo-Norman, diminutive of bref, letter, from Latin brevis, short; see brief.] bre·vet′cy (brə-vĕt′sē) n. "Delightful inducements to embark, fine chance for promotion, it seems -- aye, a stove boat will make me an immortal by brevet."—Moby Dick by Melville, Herman "...but the moment he takes a wife (a sort of brevet rank in matrimony occasionally bestowed upon..."

Answer 1963

The philosophers' stone or stone of the philosophers is a legendary alchemical substance said to be capable of turning base metals such as lead into gold or silver. It was also sometimes believed to be an elixir of life, useful for rejuvenation and possibly for achieving immortality; for many centuries, it was the most sought-after goal in alchemy. The philosophers' stone was the central symbol of the mystical terminology of alchemy, symbolizing perfection at its finest, enlightenment, and heavenly bliss. Efforts to discover the philosophers' stone were known as the Magnum Opus ("Great Work").

Answer 1964

Boleskine House (boll-ESS-kin) was the estate of author and occultist Aleister Crowley from 1899 to 1913. It is located on the South-Eastern shore of Loch Ness in Scotland, two miles east of the Village of Foyers. The house was built in the late 18th century by Archibald Fraser.

Answer 1965

(gōsh) adj. Lacking grace or social polish; awkward or tactless. gauche′ly adv. gauche′ness n.

Answer 1966

(dĭ-mŏt′ĭk) adj. 1. Of or relating to the common people; popular: demotic speech; demotic entertainments. 2. Of, relating to, or written in the simplified form of ancient Egyptian hieratic writing. 3. Demotic Of or relating to a form of modern Greek based on colloquial use. n. Demotic Greek.

Answer 1967

(hĕl′əs) The Greek name for Greece.

Answer 1968

1. Marked by sternness or harshness; forbidding: a dour, self-sacrificing life. 2. Silently ill-humored; gloomy: the proverbially dour New England Puritan. 3. Sternly obstinate; unyielding: a dour determination.

Answer 1969

(ŭn-wôn′tĭd, -wōn′-, -wŭn′-) adj. Not usual or accustomed: "Her unwonted breach of delicacy ... perplexed him" (George Meredith). un·wont′ed·ly adv. un·wont′ed·ness n.

Answer 1970

\oh-NAHY-rik\ adjective 1. of or relating to dreams.

Answer 1971

n. 1. A weight on the end of a line, used to determine water depth. 2. A weight on the end of a line, used especially by masons and carpenters to establish a true vertical. adv. 1. In a vertical or perpendicular line. 2. Informal Directly; squarely: fell plumb in the middle of the puddle. 3. also plum Informal Utterly; completely: plumb worn out. adj. 1. Exactly vertical. See Synonyms at vertical. 2. also plum Informal Utter; absolute; sheer: a plumb fool. v. plumbed, plumb·ing, plumbs v. tr. 1. To determine the depth of with a plumb; sound. 2. To test the verticality or alignment of with a plumb. 3. To straighten or make perpendicular: plumb up the wall. 4. To examine closely or deeply; probe: "Shallow ideas are plumbed and discarded" (Gilbert Highet). 5. To seal with lead. v.intr. To work as a plumber. Idiom: off/out of plumb Not vertical. plumb′a·ble adj. plumb′ness n.

Answer 1972

(năs′ənt, nā′sənt) adj. Coming into existence; emerging: "the moral shock of our nascent imperialism" (Richard Hofstadter). [Latin nāscēns, nāscent-, present participle of nāscī, to be born; see genə- in Indo-European roots.] nas′cen·cy n.

Answer 1973

(thōth, tōt) n. Mythology The Egyptian god of the moon and of wisdom and learning, usually represented as having the head and neck of an ibis.

Answer 1974

n. 1. Any of numerous small nonbiting flies of the family Chironomidae, having aquatic larvae and often forming large swarms near ponds and lakes. Also called chironomid. 2. Any of various similar dipteran insects, such as the biting midges and the gall midges.

Answer 1975

n. pl. con·quis·ta·dors or con·quis·ta·dor·es (-dôr′ās, -ēz) A conqueror, especially one of the 16th-century Spanish soldiers who defeated the Indian civilizations of Mexico, Central America, or Peru.

Answer 1976

(rĭ-năs′əns, -nā′səns) n. 1. A new birth or life; a rebirth. 2. A cultural revival; a renaissance. 3. Renascence Renaissance.

Answer 1977

adj. 1. a. Bitingly sarcastic: mordant satire. b. Incisive and trenchant: an inquisitor's mordant questioning. 2. Bitingly painful. 3. Serving to fix colors in dyeing. n. 1. A reagent, such as tannic acid, that fixes dyes to cells, tissues, or textiles or other materials. 2. A corrosive substance, such as an acid, used in etching. tr.v. mor·dant·ed, mor·dant·ing, mor·dants To treat with a mordant. [French, from Old French, present participle of mordre, to bite, from Vulgar Latin \*mordere, from Latin mordēre; see mer- in Indo-European roots.] mor′dan·cy n. mor′dant·ly adv.

Answer 1978

1. A peace officer with less authority and smaller jurisdiction than a sheriff, empowered to serve writs and warrants and make arrests. 2. A medieval officer of high rank, usually serving as military commander in the absence of a monarch. 3. The governor of a royal castle. 4. Chiefly British A police officer.

Answer 1979

[byoo-kol-ik] adjective, Also, bucolical 1. of or relating to shepherds; pastoral. 2. of, relating to, or suggesting an idyllic rural life. noun 3. a pastoral poem. 4. Archaic. a farmer; shepherd; rustic.

Answer 1980

Dido (/ˈdaɪdoʊ/ dy-doh) was, according to ancient Greek and Roman sources, the founder and first queen of Carthage (in modern-day Tunisia). She is primarily known from the account given by the Roman poet Virgil in his Aeneid. In some sources she is also known as Elissa.

Answer 1981

(kôr′dn) n. 1. A line of people, military posts, or ships stationed around an area to enclose or guard it: a police cordon. 2. A rope, line, tape, or similar border stretched around an area, usually by the police, indicating that access is restricted. 3. a. A cord or braid worn as a fastening or ornament. b. A ribbon usually worn diagonally across the breast as a badge of honor or decoration. 4. Architecture A string course. 5. Botany A tree or shrub, especially a fruit tree such as an apple or pear, repeatedly pruned and trained to grow on a support as a single rope like stem. tr.v. cor·doned, cor·don·ing, cor·dons To form a cordon around (an area) so as to prevent movement in or out. Often used with off: Troops cordoned off the riot zone.

Answer 1982

Anthroposophy, a philosophy founded by Rudolf Steiner, postulates the existence of an objective, intellectually comprehensible spiritual world accessible to direct experience through inner development. More specifically, it aims to develop faculties of perceptive imagination, inspiration and intuition through the cultivation of a form of thinking independent of sensory experience, and to present the results thus derived in a manner subject to rational verification. Anthroposophy aims to attain in its study of spiritual experience the precision and clarity attained by the natural sciences in their investigations of the physical world. The philosophy has double roots in German idealism and German mysticism and was initially expressed in language drawn from Theosophy. Anthroposophical ideas have been applied practically in many areas including Steiner/Waldorf education, special education (most prominently through the Camphill Movement), biodynamic agriculture, medicine, ethical banking, organizational development, and the arts. The Anthroposophical Society has its international center at the Goetheanum in Dornach, Switzerland.

Answer 1983

adj. 1. Having great weight: "The new metal ... was denser, more ponderous than gold" (Oliver Sacks). 2. a. Slow and labored because of great bulk or weight: "The massive turtle ... trudged on resolutely, making good time for such a labored and ponderous gait" (Rick Bass). b. Difficult to maneuver or control because of great bulk or weight: ponderous luggage. c. Slow or difficult to manage, especially because of complexity: ponderous legal procedures. 3. Dull and lacking grace or fluency: a ponderous speech. See Synonyms at heavy. [Middle English, from Old French pondereux, from Latin ponderōsus, from pondus, ponder-, weight; see (s)pen- in Indo-European roots.] pon′der·ous·ly adv. pon′der·ous·ness, pon′der·os′i·ty (-ŏs′ĭ-tē) n.

Answer 1984

v.tr. To feel or express sorrow or pity for; sympathize with. v.intr. To feel or express sympathy: commiserated over their failure.

Answer 1985

(rŭsh′līt′) n. A candle consisting of a rush wick in tallow. Also called rush candle.

Answer 1986

(mĭk′əl) Scots adj. Great. adv. Greatly. [Middle English mikel, from Old English micel and from Old Norse mikill; see meg- in Indo-European roots.] "And afterwards I will come again to my kingdom And dwell with the Britons with mickle joy."

Answer 1987

n. A literary or artistic work of poor quality, produced quickly for profit. [From the phrase boil the pot, to provide one's livelihood.]

Answer 1988

n. 1. A shallow place in a body of water. 2. A sandy elevation of the bottom of a body of water, constituting a hazard to navigation; a sandbank or sandbar. v. shoaled, shoal·ing, shoals v.intr. To become shallow: The river shoals suddenly here from eight to two fathoms. v. tr. 1. To make shallow: The approach to the harbor was shoaled in the storm. 2. To come or sail into a shallower part of. adj. Having little depth; shallow. [Middle English shold, shallow, shallows, from Old English sceald, shallow.]

Answer 1989

(ɪˈniːɪd) n 1. (Poetry) an epic poem in Latin by Virgil relating the experiences of Aeneas after the fall of Troy, written chiefly to provide an illustrious historical background for Rome The Aeneid (/əˈniːɪd/) is a Latin epic poem, written by Virgil between 29 and 19 BC, that tells the legendary story of Aeneas, a Trojan who travelled to Italy, where he became the ancestor of the Romans. It is composed of 9,896 lines in dactylic hexameter. The first six of the poem's twelve books tell the story of Aeneas's wanderings from Troy to Italy, and the poem's second half tells of the Trojans' ultimately victorious war upon the Latins, under whose name Aeneas and his Trojan followers are destined to be subsumed. The hero Aeneas was already known to Greco-Roman legend and myth, having been a character in the Iliad, composed in the 8th century BC. Virgil took the disconnected tales of Aeneas's wanderings, his vague association with the foundation of Rome and a personage of no fixed characteristics other than a scrupulous pietas, and fashioned this into a compelling founding myth or national epic that at once tied Rome to the legends of Troy, explained the Punic wars, glorified traditional Roman virtues and legitimized the Julio-Claudian dynasty as descendants of the founders, heroes and gods of Rome and Troy.

Answer 1990

(hĕt′ər-ə-jē′nē-əs, -jēn′yəs) adj. 1. also het·er·og·e·nous (hĕt′ə-rŏj′ə-nəs) Consisting of dissimilar elements or parts; not homogeneous. See Synonyms at miscellaneous. 2. Xenogeneic. [From Medieval Latin heterogeneus, from Greek heterogenēs : hetero-, hetero- + genos, kind, race; see genə- in Indo-European roots.] het′er·o·ge′ne·ous·ly adv. het′er·o·ge′ne·ous·ness n.

Answer 1991

Imhotep (/ɪmˈhoʊtɛp/; fl. 27th century BC (c. 2650–2600 BC); meaning "the one who comes in peace, is with peace") was an Egyptian polymath who served under the Third Dynasty king Djoser as chancellor to the pharaoh and high priest of the sun god Ra (or Re) at Heliopolis. He is considered by some to be the earliest known architect and engineer and physician in early history, though two other physicians, Hesy-Ra and Merit-Ptah, lived around the same time. The full list of his titles is: Chancellor of the King of Egypt, Doctor, First in line after the King of Upper Egypt, Administrator of the Great Palace, Hereditary nobleman, High Priest of Heliopolis, Builder, Chief Carpenter, Chief Sculptor, and Maker of Vases in Chief. He was one of only a few commoners ever to be accorded divine status after death. The center of his cult was Memphis. From the First Intermediate Period onward Imhotep was also revered as a poet and philosopher. His sayings were famously referenced in poems: "I have heard the words of Imhotep and Hordedef with whose discourses men speak so much." The location of Imhotep's self-constructed tomb was well hidden from the beginning and it remains unknown, despite efforts to find it. The consensus is that it is hidden somewhere at Saqqara. Imhotep's historicity is confirmed by two contemporary inscriptions made during his lifetime on the base or pedestal of one of Djoser's statues (Cairo JE 49889) and also by a graffito on the enclosure wall surrounding Sekhemkhet's unfinished step-pyramid. The latter inscription suggests that Imhotep outlived Djoser by a few years and went on to serve in the construction of King Sekhemkhet's pyramid, which was abandoned due to this ruler's brief reign.

Answer 1992

(hō-mŭng′kyə-ləs, hə-) n. pl. ho·mun·cu·li (-lī′) 1. A diminutive human. 2. A miniature, fully formed individual believed by adherents of the early biological theory of preformation to be present in the sperm cell.

Answer 1993

n. 1. a. Any of various coniferous evergreen trees of the genus Tsuga of North America and eastern Asia, having small cones and short flat leaves with two white bands underneath. b. The wood of such trees, used as a source of lumber, wood pulp, and tannic acid. 2. a. Any of several poisonous plants of the genera Conium and Cicuta of the parsley family, such as the poison hemlock. b. A poison obtained from the poison hemlock. [Middle English hemlok, poisonous hemlock, from Old English hymlice, hemlic.]

Answer 1994

Parmenides of Elea (/pɑrˈmɛnɨdiːz əv ˈɛliə/; fl. late sixth or early fifth century BCE) was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher from Elea in Magna Graecia (Greater Greece, included Southern Italy). He was the founder of the Eleatic school of philosophy. The single known work of Parmenides is a poem, On Nature, which has survived only in fragmentary form. In this poem, Parmenides describes two views of reality. In "the way of truth" (a part of the poem), he explains how reality (coined as "what-is") is one, change is impossible, and existence is timeless, uniform, necessary, and unchanging. In "the way of opinion," he explains the world of appearances, in which one's sensory faculties lead to conceptions which are false and deceitful. These ideas had a strong effect on Plato, and in turn, influenced the whole of Western philosophy.

Answer 1995

(wĕlsh, wĕlch) adj. Of or relating to Wales or its people, language, or culture. n. 1. The people of Wales. 2. The Celtic language of Wales. Also called Cymric. [Middle English Walische, from Old English Wælisc, from Wealh, foreigner, Welshman, Celt, probably ultimately from a Celtic tribal name; akin to Latin Volcae, a confederation of Celtic tribes of the late first millennium bc, from a Celtic source perhaps akin to Welsh gwalch, hawk.]

Answer 1996

n. 1. Belief in or proclamation of a special personal enlightenment. 2. Illuminism The ideas and principles of various groups of Illuminati. [French illuminisme, from illuminé, an illuminist, from past participle of illuminer, to illuminate, from Old French; see illumine.] il·lu′mi·nist n.

Answer 1997

(hər-mĕt′ĭk) also her·met·i·cal (-ĭ-kəl) adj. 1. Completely sealed, especially against the escape or entry of air. 2. Impervious to outside interference or influence: the hermetic confines of an isolated life. 3. often Hermetic a. Mythology Of or relating to Hermes Trismegistus or the works ascribed to him. b. Having to do with the occult sciences, especially alchemy; magical.

Answer 1998

n. A lever used to turn a rudder and steer a boat.

Answer 1999

(pŏnz) n. pl. pon·tes (pŏn′tēz) 1. A slender tissue joining two parts of an organ. 2. A band of nerve fibers on the ventral surface of the brain stem that links the medulla oblongata and the cerebellum with upper portions of the brain. Also called pons Varolii. [Latin pōns, bridge; see pent- in Indo-European roots.]

Answer 2000

(ĭn-tûr′pə-lāt′) v. in·ter·po·lat·ed, in·ter·po·lat·ing, in·ter·po·lates v.tr. 1. To insert or introduce between other elements or parts. 2. a. To insert (material) into a text. b. To insert into a conversation. See Synonyms at introduce. 3. To change or falsify (a text) by introducing new or incorrect material. 4. Mathematics a. To estimate a value of (a function or series) between two known values. b. To create a continuous function that incorporates (a finite set of data), such as creating a curve that passes through a fixed set of points or a surface through a fixed set of curves. 5. To introduce estimated values of (pixel data) into a pixel array to improve the quality of an enlarged digital image. v.intr. To make insertions or additions. [Latin interpolāre, interpolāt-, to touch up, refurbish, from interpolis, refurbished; see pel- in Indo-European roots.] in·ter′po·la′tion n. in·ter′po·la′tive adj. in·ter′po·la′tor n.

Answer 2001

(dĭs′kə-mōd′) tr.v. dis·com·mod·ed, dis·com·mod·ing, dis·com·modes To put to inconvenience; trouble. [dis- + commode, to suit (from Latin commodāre, from commodus, convenient; see commodious).]

Answer 2002

(răf′ē-ə) n. 1. A palm tree (Raphia farinifera) of East Africa and Madagascar, having large leaves that yield a useful fiber. 2. The leaf fibers of this plant, used for mats, baskets, and other products.

Answer 2003

(frŭk′tə-fī′, fro͝ok′-) v. fruc·ti·fied, fruc·ti·fy·ing, fruc·ti·fies v.tr. To make fruitful or productive. v.intr. To bear fruit. [Middle English fructifien, to bear fruit, from Old French fructifier, from Latin frūctificāre : frūctus, fruit; see fruit + -ficāre, -fy.]

Answer 2004

(trē-äzh′, trē′äzh′) n. 1. A process for sorting injured people into groups based on their need for or likely benefit from immediate medical treatment. Triage is used in hospital emergency rooms, on battlefields, and at disaster sites when limited medical resources must be allocated. 2. A system used to allocate a scarce commodity, such as food, only to those capable of deriving the greatest benefit from it. 3. A process in which things are ranked in terms of importance or priority: "For millions of Americans, each week becomes a stressful triage between work and home that leaves them feeling guilty, exhausted and angry" (Jill Smolowe). tr.v. tri·aged, tri·ag·ing, tri·ag·es To sort or allocate by triage: triaged the patients according to their symptoms. [French, from trier, to sort, from Old French, to pick out; see try.]

Answer 2005

(kə-no͞o′bē-əl, -nyo͞o′-) adj. Relating to marriage or the married state; conjugal. [Latin cōnūbiālis, from cōnūbium, marriage : com-, com- + nūbere, to marry.] con·nu′bi·al·ism, con·nu′bi·al′i·ty (-ăl′ĭ-tē) n. con·nu′bi·al·ly adv.

Answer 2006

(ĕm′brə-kā′shən) n. 1. The act or process of moistening and rubbing a part of the body with a liniment or lotion. 2. A liniment or lotion.

Answer 2007

(ŏb′lĭ-gä′tō) Music adj. Not to be left out; indispensable. Used of an accompaniment that is an integral part of a piece. n. pl. ob·bli·ga·tos or ob·bli·ga·ti (-tē) also ob·li·ga·tos or ob·li·ga·ti An obbligato accompaniment. [Italian, past participle of obbligare, to obligate, from Latin obligāre, to oblige; see oblige.]

Answer 2008

In mathematics, two quantities are in the golden ratio if their ratio is the same as the ratio of their sum to the larger of the two quantities.

Answer 2009

knavery (nā′və-rē) n. pl. knav·er·ies 1. Dishonest or crafty dealing. 2. An instance of trickery or mischief. * * * knave (nāv) n. 1. An unprincipled, crafty fellow. 2. a. A male servant. b. A man of humble birth. 3. Games See jack. [Middle English, from Old English cnafa, boy, male servant.] knav′ish adj. knav′ish·ly adv. knav′ish·ness n.

Answer 2010

(săl′vər) n. A tray, esp one of silver, on which food, letters, visiting cards, etc, are presented [Alteration of French salve, from Spanish salva, tasting of food to detect poison, salver, from salvar, to save, taste food to detect poison, from Late Latin salvāre, to save; see salvage.]

Answer 2011

(ăb′rē-ăkt′) ``` tr.v. ab·re·act·ed, ab·re·act·ing, ab·re·acts To release (repressed emotions) by acting out, as in words, behavior, or the imagination, the situation causing the conflict. ``` [Translation of German abreagieren : ab-, away + reagieren, to react.] ab′re·ac′tion n.

Answer 2012

(dī′və-gāt′, dĭv′ə-) intr. v. di·va·gat·ed, di·va·gat·ing, di·va·gates 1. To wander or drift about. 2. To ramble; digress. [Late Latin dīvagārī, dīvagāt- : Latin dī-, dis-, apart; see dis- + Latin vagārī, to wander (from vagus, wandering).] di′va·ga′tion n.

Answer 2013

(ăt′ə-mē) 1. an atom or minute particle 2. a minute creature Archaic A gaunt person; a skeleton.

Answer 2014

(go͝or-mänd′, go͝or′mənd) n. 1. A lover of good food. 2. A person who often eats too much.

Answer 2015

n. 1. A post used as a foundation; a pile. 2. A wooden plug; a bung. 3. A spout used in taking sap from a tree. tr. v. spiled, spil·ing, spiles 1. To support with a spile. 2. To plug or tap with a spile. [Dutch spijl, wooden pin, from Middle Dutch spīle.]

Answer 2016

An English dynasty descended from Henry Tudor; Tudor monarchs ruled from Henry VII to Elizabeth I (from 1485 to 1603)

Answer 2017

Austrian physicist and philosopher who introduced the Mach number and who founded logical positivism (1838-1916)

Answer 2018

(tō′pē-ĕr′ē) adj. Of or characterized by the clipping or trimming of live shrubs or trees into decorative shapes, as of animals. n. pl. to·pi·ar·ies 1. Topiary work or art. 2. A topiary garden. [Latin topiārius, from topia, ornamental gardening, from Greek topia, pl. of topion, field, diminutive of topos, place.]

Answer 2019

1. Performed with a natural, offhand ease: was fascinated by his unfailingly glib conversation. 2. Given to or characterized by fluency of speech or writing that often suggests insincerity, superficiality, or a lack of concern: criticized him for being glib about something so serious.

Answer 2020

(sŭk′ər) n. 1. Assistance in time of distress; relief. 2. One that affords assistance or relief: "There is a higher beauty still in ... being a succor to the oppressed" (Charles Sumner). tr.v. suc·cored, suc·cor·ing, suc·cors To give assistance to in time of want, difficulty, or distress: succor the poor. suc′cor·a·ble adj. suc′cor·er n.

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