Mycobacterium

Question 1

How many species are there in acid fast bacilli

Answer 1

125

Question 2

Most prominent causing tuberculosis both pulmonary and extra pulmonary

Answer 2

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 3

This quickly decolorizes bacteria except mycobacterium

Answer 3

95% ethyl alcohol containing 3% HCL

Question 4

Contains antibiotics to prevent overgrowth or contaminating bacteria and fungi

Answer 4

Selective media

Question 5

7H11 contains what

Answer 5

Casein hydrolysate

Question 6

Major component of agar media

Answer 6

Albumin

Question 7

Neutralizes the toxic inhibitory effects of fatty acids in the specimen or medium

Answer 7

Albumin

Question 8

Small inocula specimens from patients will grow in about?

Answer 8

3-6 weeks

Question 9

Middlebrrok 7H9 and 7H12

Answer 9

Broth media

Question 10

Supports proliferation of small inocula

Answer 10

Broth media

Question 11

What does Mycobacterium look like in broth media

Answer 11

Clumps or masses

Question 12

Growth is more rapid than on complex media

Answer 12

Broth media

Question 13

What is the doubling time of tubercle bacilli

Answer 13

18 hours

Question 14

Derive energy from simple carbon compounds

Answer 14

Obligate aerobes

Question 15

Why is mycobacteria more resistant to chemical agents than other bacteria

Answer 15

Hydrophobic nature and clumped growth

Question 16

Used to eliminate contaminants and for concentration techniques of clinical specimen

Answer 16

Acids and alkali

Question 17

They are resistant to drying and survive for long periods in dried sputum

Answer 17

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 18

They are highly susceptible to Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer 18

Humans and guinea pig

Question 19

Analysis of lipids which reveals patterns that aids in the classification of M. tuberculosis

Answer 19

Gas chromatography

Question 20

They are called chord factors

Answer 20

Wax

Question 21

Responsible for rope-like arrangement of the organism links to the pathogens pathogenicity

Answer 21

Waxes

Question 22

They cause caseous/caseation type necrosis which is important to note among mycobacteria

Answer 22

Phosphotides

Question 23

Form microscopic serpentine cords

Answer 23

Virulence strains

Question 24

How is Chord factor (trehalose-6,6′-dimycolate) extracted from virulent bacilli

Answer 24

Petroleum ether

Question 25

It causes chronic garnulomas

Answer 25

Chord factor

Question 26

This elicit the tuberculin reaction

Answer 26

Proteins

Question 27

They are rod-shaped, non-sporing aerobic bacteria and resist decolorization by acid or alcohol

Answer 27

Acid-fast bacilli

Question 28

They are thin, straight rods which grows in coccoid & filamentous forms are seen with variable morphology

Answer 28

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 29

This type pf media is used for observing colony morphology and susceptibility testing

Answer 29

Semi-synthetic agar media

Question 30

These contained defined salt, vitamins, cofactors, oleic acid, albumin, catalase and glycerol

Answer 30

Semi-synthetic agar media

Question 31

Contain defined salts, glycerol and complex organic substances

Answer 31

Inspissated egg media

Question 32

In this agar Mycobacteria grow in clumps and masses

Answer 32

Broth media

Question 33

This is partly responsible for the acid fastness of Mycobacterium

Answer 33

Mycolic acids

Question 34

They bound ti wax and can induce tuberculin sensitivity

Answer 34

Proteins

Question 35

The zone of the TB granuloma where a large multi nucleated giant cells containing tubercle bacilli

Answer 35

Central area

Question 36

The zone of the TB granuloma where a pale of epithelioid cells are arranged rapidly

Answer 36

Mid zone

Question 37

The zone of the TB granuloma where there are fibroblasts and mononuclear cells

Answer 37

Peripheral zone

Question 38

Where does tuberculosis reactivation begin

Answer 38

Apex of the lung

Question 39

It is caused by a tubercle bacilli that have survived the primary lesion

Answer 39

Reactivation

Question 40

Also called the Manto test and the purified protein derivative

Answer 40

Tuberculin test

Question 41

This is the most sensitive method in identifying tubercle bacilli which provides results rapidly

Answer 41

Selective broth culture

Question 42

First line of drug for Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer 42

Pyrazinamide

Question 43

It inhibits synthesis of mycolic acid component of cell wall of Mycobacterium spp.

Answer 43

Isoniazid

Question 44

Inhibits incorporation of mycolic acid into cell wall of Mycobacterium spp.

Answer 44

Ethambutol

Question 45

It grows optimally at 41 celsius and has a smooth, soft non-pigmented colonies

Answer 45

Mycobacterium Avium Complex

Question 46

They are cultured from water, soil, food and animals(birds)

Answer 46

Mycobacterium Avium Complex

Question 47

This is a common opportunistic infection of bacterial origin in AIDS patients

Answer 47

Mycobacterium Avium Complex

Question 48

Preferred initial therapy for Mycobacterium Avium Complex

Answer 48

Clarithromycin/azithromycin + ethambutol

Question 49

This is known as a photochromagen which requires complex media for growth

Answer 49

Mycobacterium kansasii

Question 50

These grow in foot pads of mice and armadillos

Answer 50

Mycobacterium leprae

Question 51

Drug of choice for Mycobacterium leprae

Answer 51

Dapsone