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Dermatology > Mycology > Flashcards

Mycology Flashcards

(94 cards)

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1
Q

Yeast

A

Unicellular, round, asex reproduce with budding.

Moist colonies, pseudohyphae with constrictions

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2
Q

Mold

A

Filamentous, tubular branching hyphae with septations

Form fuzzy, velvety or smooth colonies

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3
Q

Mycelium

A

Large intertwined mass hyphae without reproductive capacity. Diff types: spiral, pectinate, nodular, racquet, favic

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4
Q

Tinea nigra

A

Hortaea werneckii

Darker peripheral border

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5
Q

Black piedra

A

PIedra hortae, hard/firm, black nits–adhere to hair

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6
Q

White piedra

A

Trichosporon beigelii (Ovoides, inkin, asahii, cutaneum), soft, non firm, white, less adherent

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7
Q

Most common tinea capitis in US

A

T. tonsurans (2nd–T. canis)

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8
Q

Fluorescent Ectothrix

A

Cats and Dogs Fight and Growl Sometimes

M. canis, audouinii, distrotium, ferrugineum, (T. gypseum, schoenleinii)

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9
Q

Endothrix

A

Black dot ringworm: Ringo Gave Yoko Two Squeaky Violins

T. rubrum, gourvilli, yaounde, tonsurans, Soudanense, violaceum

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10
Q

Nonflourescent Ectothrix

A

My Right Nail Gave Me Warts

T. mentag, rubrum, M. nanuum, T. gypseum, T. megninii, verrucosum

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11
Q

Favus/Scutula

A

T. schoenleinii, violaceum, gypseum

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12
Q

Kerion

A

M. canis, T. tonsurans, T verrucosum, T. mentag

Treat with pred and anti fungal

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13
Q

Tinea corporis

A 
#1--T. rubrum
#2-- T. mentag then canis and tonsurans/gypseum
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14
Q

Majocchi’s granuloma

A

1-T. rubrum

or T. mentag
–Needs bx and oral anti fungal. Dermatophyte in hair follicle

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15
Q

Tinea barbae–superficial

A

T. violaceum or T. rubrum

All barbaes need oral anti fungal

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16
Q

Tinea barbae-abscess

A

M. canis

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17
Q

Tinea barbae–verrucous granulomatosis

A

E. floccosum

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18
Q

Tinea barbae=-Deep, inflammatory

A

T. mentag or T verrucosum

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19
Q

T. manuum

A

T. rubrum, T. mentag, E. floccosum

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20
Q

T. pedis

A

Most are T. rub rum

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21
Q

Bullous T. pedis

A

T. mentag

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22
Q

White superficial onychomycosis

A

T. mentagrophytes (HIV T. rub), also Aspergillus, Acremonium, fusarium, scopulariopsis. Chalky white.

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23
Q

Proximal white sublingual onychomycosis

A

T. rubrum, near lunula. Marker HIV

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24
Q

Distal lateral sunungual onychomycosis

A

T. rubrum

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25
Epidermophyton
No Microconidia Macrocon: club shaped, smooth. Thin and thick walls, 2-6 cells No hair involve
26
Trichophyton
Microcon diagnostic Macrocon: not diagnostic. pencil shaped, smooth Nonfluoresc ecto and endo invasion
27
Microsporum
Macro:diagnostic rough walled, barrel shaped | Fluor and non fluor ectothrix invasion
28
Epidermophyton floccosum
T. cruris and T. pedis; occ corporis/onycho
29
Microsporum audouinii
T. corporis and capitis Mouse fur colony Polished rice --
30
Microsporum canis
Most common cause T. capitis worldwide White, fur like with yellow periphery Polished rice +
31
Microsporum ferrugineum
T. capitis and corporis | Smooth, waxy, rust colored, heaped
32
Microsporum gallinae
Rare cause tinea capitis, usually chicken favus | Fluffy to felt-like what colony becoming pink
33
M. gypseum
Tinea corporis Flat, powdery, buff to cinnamon with white periphery Polished rice +
34
M. nanum
Tinea capitis Fluffy white, powdery baige Pig snout macroconidia
35
In Vitro Hair Perforation
+wedge shaped area in hair shaft--T mentag | no change in hair shaft--T rub rum, ferrug
36
Pigmentation Production on cornmeal agar with dextrose
+ T rubrum | -T mentag
37
Urease Test
+red pink--T mentag | -amber T rubrum, ferruge, soudanese
38
Trichophyton equinum
Requires niacin for growth | cream to yellow; fluffy with radial grooves
39
Trichophyton menginii
T. barbae, T. capitis, corporis, unguium Requires histidine white to pink suede-like colony flat or with gentle folds
40
Trichophyton mentagrophytes
var. interdigitale-anthro var. mentagro-zoophilic brown to red Spiral hyphae Hair perf+, urease +, pigment -
41
Trichophyton rubrum
``` One hand, 2 foot birds on a wire Pigment on agar + Urease - Hair perfor - ```
42
Trichophyton soudanense
T. capitis, corporis | Urease negative
43
Trichophyton tonsurans
Most common cause T capitis in US BLack dot endothrix Partial thiamine requirement
44
Trichophyton concentricum
Tinea imbricata Deeply folded, cerebriform Some need thiamine
45
Trichophyton schloenleinii
Capitis, corporis, unguium | Favic chandelier
46
Trichophyton verrucosum
Ecto capitis, Inflamm barbae, T. corporis, faciei Grows best at 37 Needs Thiamine +- inositol Waxy white heaped
47
Trichophyton violaceum
T. capitis Purple colony Partial need for thiamine
48
Scytalidium dimidiatum
Soles, toe webs. PIgmented hyphae Sesnsitive to cycloheximide Resistant to antifungals
49
E. floccosum
T. cruris and pedis
50
M. audouinii
Polish rice - | Former #1 tinea capitis
51
M. canis
``` #1 tinea capitis world wide Polish rice+ ```
52
T. rubrum
#1 worldwide overall
53
T. tonsurans
#1 t capitis in US
54
Most common fungus in burn patients
Fusarium
55
Fusarium
Hyalohyphomycosis Histo looks like aspergillosis Cause painful cellulitis, abcess, necrotic nodules Banana shaped
56
Penicillium
Blue grey colony with white border | External ear, mycotic kertitis
57
Scopulariopis
White superficial onychomycosis
58
Paecilomyces
Erythematous macules, vesicles, pustules or nodules
59
Phaeohyphomycosis
Fontana Masson
60
Alternaria
Phaeohyphomycosis Common plant pathogens Looks like hand grenade
61
Cryptococcus
Encapsulated yeast Pigeon droppings Stain: PAS, GMS, Fontana Masson Mucicarmine or alcian blue capsule
62
Rhinosporidium seeberi
Large polyps, wartlike lesions in nasal mucosa, eye, mouth. | Red with mucicarmine
63
Protothecosis
algae | Olecranon bursitis in 1/3 of cases
64
Spiral hyphae Mycelia
T. mentagrophytes
65
Pectinate bodies mycelia
Look like comb-M. audouinii
66
Nodular bodies
Knot of twisted hyphae
67
Racquet hyphae
Club shaped--C. immitis
68
Favic chandeliers
Antlers--T. schoenleinii
69
Arthroconidia--Asexual conidia
C. immitis-barrel shaped spores released by fragmentation
70
Chlamydoconidia--Asexual conidia
C. albicans, T. tonsurans--Spherical, resist to environment
71
Blastoconidia--Asexual conidia
Yeast--formed by budding
72
Sporangia--Asexual conidia
Spores produced in a sac--Zygomycetes
73
Conidia--Asexual conidia
Cells made on end of sides of hyphae--Dermatophyte
74
Trichosporanosis
Via. T. asahii--fungemia in immcompromised patient
75
Tinea imbricata
T. concentricum
76
Tinea profunda
Often verrucous.
77
tinea cruris
E. flocossum, T. rubrum or T. mentag
78
tinea facei
Usually child upper lip and chin after animal exposure | T rubrum, T mentag, M. canis or T. concentricum
79
Mocassin T pedis
T. rubrum, E. floccosum
80
Bullous T pedis
T. mentagrophytes
81
Interdigital T pedis
T. rubrum, T. mentag (E. floccosum)
82
Onychomycosis
T. rubrum
83
Candida glabrata
``` #2 - 15-20% patients with invasive candida Fluconazole resist ```
84
Candida parapsilosis
chronic paronychia and systemic disease
85
Candida tropicalis
septicemia esp in leuk, lymphoma and DM
86
Candida dubliniensis
Oropharn of HIV patients and often after prev treatment with antifungals
87
Chromoblastomycosis
``` Fonsecaea pedrosoi (most common) Fonsecaea compacta Rhinocladeilla aquaspersa Phialophora verrucosa Exophiala jeanselmei Cladophialophora carrionii ```
88
Hyalohyphomycosis
Nondematiaceous, hyaline fungi Penicillium, Acremonium, Fusarium, Scopulariopsis Banana shaped macroconidia
89
Phaeohyphomycosis
``` Dematiaceous Alternaria--hand grenades Curvularia Exophiala Biopolaris ```
90
Rhinosporidiosis
Rhinosporidium seeberi, water protozoan GIANT SPORANGIA (up to 500um) Nasal mucosa--vegetating polyps
91
Aspergillosis
A. flavus-yellow to green culture. Most common for cutaneous disease A. fumigatus-most com species A. niger Branch at 45deg
92
Sabouraud Dextrose Agar
Gold Standard. Nutritionally poor. | Peptone, glucose, water, agar
93
Modified SDA
Mycosel or Mycobiotic. SDA+cycloheximide+chloramphenicol Good for hair, nails, skin. Cyclohex inh's saprophytic fungi (protothecosis, H. werneckii, scytalidium, candida other than albicans, C neoformans)
94
Dermatophyte Test Media
Peptones, dextrose, cycloheximide, phenol red, chlortetracycline, gentamicin Dermatophytes--turn from amber to RED bc alkaline by products Nondermato-cause media to turn yellow or stay amber bc of acid

Dermatology (20 decks)

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