mycoviro euclid

Question 1

incubation temperature and duration for fungal cultures

Answer 1

30C for 21 to 30 days

Question 2

multicellular phase of fungi

Answer 2

mold phase

Question 3

unicellular phase of fungi

Answer 3

yeast phase

Question 4

most common mold isolate

Answer 4

aspergillus spp.

Question 5

most common yeast isolate

Answer 5

candida spp.

Question 6

when preparing temporary mounts of fungi, why slide is gently heated

Answer 6

to increase rate of clearing

Question 7

fungus medium for primary isolation and maintenance of fungal cultures

Answer 7

Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA)

Question 7

fluorescent dye for fungi (it stains the cell wall or chitin)

Answer 7

calcofluor white

Question 7

antibiotics incorporated in the Mycosel medium (2)

Answer 7

chloramphenicol & cycloheximide

Question 7

most commonly used mounting fluid to prepare fungal microscopy slides

Answer 7

lactophenol cotton blue

Question 8

stain in Aman medium

Answer 8

cotton blue

Question 8

Basidiospores, Ascospores, Zygospores, Oospores are example of _

Answer 8

sexual spores

Question 8

other name for cotton blue

Answer 8

aniline blue

Question 8

spore that resulted from simple fragmentation of mycelium

Answer 8

arthrospore (arthroconidia)

Question 9

media containing olive oil is used to isolate _

Answer 9

Malassezia furfur

Question 9

test for demonstration of spores of aerial mycelium

Answer 9

cellophane tape method

Question 9

(+) arthrospore formation (4)

Answer 9

coccidioides, aureobasidium, trichosporon, geotrichum

Question 9

skin and nails must be cleaned with _ before the surface is scraped

Answer 9

70% alcohol

Question 9

spores produced by Candida albicans

Answer 9

blastospores, chlamydospores

Question 9

positive result in hair penetration test (T. mentagrophytes)

Answer 9

V-shaped hair penetration

Question 9

candidiasis infection affecting the oral cavity

Answer 9

oral thrush

Question 9

fungal infection of the skin, hair, and nails is called _

Answer 9

dermatophytosis

Question 10

dermatophytes can be demonstrated using what specimen

Answer 10

skin scrapings

Question 10

histoplasmosis may demonstrate positive reactions with serologic tests for _

Answer 10

blastomyces

Question 10

fungi that pose a major biohazard to laboratory personnel

Answer 10

Coccidioides immitis

Question 11

other Candida spp. are most commonly identified by the fermentation or _ of particular carbohydrates

Answer 11

assimilation

Question 12

colonization by dermatophytic fungi of the hair, nails and skin is called

Answer 12

dermatophytoses

Question 12

diagnostic for chromoblastomycosis

Answer 12

sclerotic body

Question 13

result of an antigen-antibody reaction in cases of sporotrichosis

Answer 13

asteroid body

Question 14

fungi that grow on Nigerseed (Birdseed) agar

Answer 14

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 15

when culturing Cryptococcus on SDA, what antibiotic should not be used

Answer 15

cycloheximide

Question 16

biochemical test used to presumptively identify C. neoformans

Answer 16

urease test

Question 17

stain used to demonstrate C. neoformans

Answer 17

india ink

Question 18

definitive test for C. neoformans

Answer 18

PCR

Question 18

fungi that are mistaken as lymphocytes in CSF

Answer 18

C. neoformans

Question 19

most common pathogen causing pneumonitis in AIDS patients

Answer 19

P. carinii (P. jirovecii)

Question 20

protozoan-like fungi stained by Gomori methenamine silver stain

Answer 20

P. carinii (P. jirovecii)

Question 21

specimen of choice for the initial diagnosis of P. jiroveci in immunocompromised patients

Answer 21

BAL

Question 21

short-term storage temperature for viruses (3 days)

Answer 21

4C

Question 22

long-term storage temperature for viruses (4 days or longer)

Answer 22

-70C (not -20C)

Question 23

mature virus containing nucleic acid core with protein coat, with or without envelope

Answer 23

virion

Question 23

viruses are characterized by the presence of _

Answer 23

DNA or RNA

Question 24

largest DNA virus

Answer 24

poxvirus

Question 24

largest RNA virus

Answer 24

paramyxovirus

Question 25

smallest DNA virus

Answer 25

parvovirus

Question 25

smallest RNA virus

Answer 25

enterovirus (picornavirus)

Question 26

all DNA viruses are icosahedral except _

Answer 26

poxvirus

Question 27

first step in the replication cycle of a virus

Answer 27

attachment & replication

Question 27

the swab used for collecting samples for detecting viruses should be made from

Answer 27

dacron or rayon

Question 28

it is toxic to N. gonorrhoeae and viruses; it could inactivate what virus

Answer 28

calcium alginate, HSV

Question 28

where is the site of virion assembly

Answer 28

nucleus or cytoplasm

Question 29

latency site of varicella zoster virus

Answer 29

dorsal root of ganglia

Question 30

Tzanck smear is used to detect _

Answer 30

HSV and VZV

Question 30

patient has chronic fatigue syndrome but (-) for Streptococcus, EBV, hepatitis, test for _

Answer 30

CMV

Question 31

eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusions are elementary bodies of _

Answer 31

poxvirus

Question 31

CMV isolation is best accomplished using _

Answer 31

human embryonic fibroblasts

Question 31

cross-reactive in all human adenoviruses

Answer 31

hexon

Question 32

reverse transcriptase is found in what type of virus

Answer 32

retrovirus (HIV)

Question 33

specimen(s) collected from a patient with suspected enteroviral meningitis (4)

Answer 33

stool, throat swab, CSF, serum

Question 34

enteroviruses can be differentiated from rhinoviruses by _

Answer 34

acid resistance

Question 35

myxoviridae virus envelope contains _ (2)

Answer 35

hemagglutinin & neuraminidase

Question 35

gold standard for rabies diagnosis

Answer 35

direct fluorescent antibody test

Question 36

test for influenza virus

Answer 36

hemagglutination-inhibition

Question 37

enteric cytopathic human orphan virus is also known as _

Answer 37

echovirus

Question 38

specimen of choice for detecting rotavirus

Answer 38

stool

Question 38

stool sample is submitted for RSV detection, what should you do

Answer 38

reject the sample

Question 39

what is used to collect a liquid stool sample in infants

Answer 39

disposable diaper

Question 40

virus associated with bleeding disorder following bite from an Aedes mosquito

Answer 40

dengue virus

Question 41

why is 2nd dengue infection more dangerous

Answer 41

serotype is different than 1st infection

Question 41

specimen of choice for COVID-19 testing

Answer 41

nasopharyngeal swab

Question 42

for COVID-19 specimen collection, use _ swabs with thin plastic or wire shafts for sampling the nasopharyngeal mucosa

Answer 42

synthetic fiber swabs