N1C - Bonding, Structure and properties

Question 1

What are molecules usually made from?

Answer 1

non-metal atoms

Question 2

When does a covalent molecular bond form?

Answer 2

When two non-metal atoms share their unpaired outer (valence) electrons by overlapping their electron clouds a covalent bond forms. The attraction of the two positive nuclei for the pair of shared electrons holds the atoms together. If there are a limited number of atoms in the structure it is known as a covalent molecule.

Question 3

When does a covalent bond occur?

Answer 3

When two or more non-metal atoms share their unpaired outer electrons (valence).

Question 4

What is a diatomic molecule

Answer 4

a molecule that contains only two atoms

Question 5

What are the diatomic elements?

Answer 5

Br2 O2 F2 I2 N2 Cl2 H2

Question 6

Draw and label the shapes used to draw a chemical showing its 3 dimensional figure

Answer 6

Question 7

What are the covalent network elements and compounds?

Answer 7

Carbon silicon Boron Silicon dioxide Silicon carbide

Question 8

What is the attraction between charged particles called?

Answer 8

Electrostatic attraction

Question 9

What are ionic bonds?

Answer 9

Ionic bonds are the electrostatic forces of attraction between positive ions and negative ions

Question 10

When does ionic bonding occur?

Answer 10

Occurs when a metal atom transfers its unpaired outer electrons to a non-metal atom and this forms a positive metal Ion and a negative non-metal ion. The ions attract each other in all directions and a giant ionic lattice forms

Question 11

Describe the structure of ionic compounds

Answer 11

they have what is known as lattice structure, this is a regular arrangement of positive and negative ions

Question 12

When does a covalent network bond form?

Answer 12

When tow non-metal atoms share their unpaired outer (valence) electrons by overlapping their electron clouds a covalent bond forms. The attraction of the two positive nuclei for the pair of shared electrons holds the atoms together. If there are an unlimited number of atoms in the structure it is known as a covalent network.

Question 13

What is the melting point of a covalent network?

Answer 13

they have very high melting points, as strong covalent bonds are being broken

Question 14

Do covalent networks conduct electricity?

Answer 14

They do not conduct in any state, except graphite which has delocalised electrons

Question 15

When are covalent networks soluble?

Answer 15

they are insoluble in any solvent

Question 16

What are the five main covalent networks?

Answer 16

carbon

silicon

boron

silicon dioxide

silicon carbide

Question 17

how many atoms are in a covalent network?

Answer 17

unlimited number of atoms in the network

Question 18

Describe the melting points of ionic lattices?

Answer 18

they have high melitng points as strong ionic bonds are being broken

all ionic lattices are solid at room temperature

Question 19

When do ionic lattices conduct eletcticity?

Answer 19

not in solids

yes as melts or solutions as their ions are then free to move

Question 20

When are ionic lattices soluble?

Answer 20

tend to be soluble in water reather than non-aqueaous solvents but can vary

Question 21

How many atoms are in covalent molecular?

Answer 21

fixed number of atoms in their molecules

Question 22

Describe the melting points of covalent molecular molecules

Answer 22

low as weak forces of attraction being broken

Question 23

when do covalent molecular molecules conduct electricity?

Answer 23

not in any state

Question 24

When are covalent moleculear molecules soluble

Answer 24

tend to be more in non aqueous solvents than water but this can vary

Question 25

Draw a tetrahedral shape such as methane

Answer 25

Question 26

Draw a trigonal pyrimidial shape

Answer 26

Question 27

Draw an angular shape

Answer 27

Question 28

Draw a linear shape

Answer 28