N5S3 - Stages of Genetic Engineering - 1.11

Question 1

Define Genetic Engineering

Answer 1

It is the transfer of DNA from one organism to another using biotechnology.

Question 2

What is the purpose of Genetic engineering?

Answer 2

It is used to genetically modify organisms to give them a mix of genes (genotype) that result in them having desirable physical characteristics. (phenotypes).

Question 3

List the steps of Genetic Engineering

Answer 3

1. identify section of DNA that contains required gene from source chromosome
2. extract required gene using enzymes
3. extract plasmid friom bacterial cell
4. insert required gene into bacterial plasmid using enzymes
5. insert plasmid into host bacterial cell to produce a genetically modified organism (GM).

Question 4

List 5 examples of genetic engineering in the world

Answer 4

1. less toxic rapeseed oil
2. bird resistance to bird flu
3. tomatos with longer shelf life
4. insulin
5. growth hormones