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Flashcards in NAILS Deck (21)
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1
Q

Protects the nail bed and forms a seal to prevent entry of unwanted pathogens.

A

The Hyponychium

2
Q

The shape of the ____________ determines the size and shape of the nail.

A

Matrix

3
Q

Protective wall and seal around the sides of the nail

A

Lateral nail fold

OR

Side wall

4
Q

The 3 layers of the nail plate

A
  • Dorsal layer (uppermost & hardest)
  • Intermediate layer (thickest)
  • Ventral layer (bottom layer attached to nail bed)
5
Q

Produces the cells that form the matrix and is an extension of the stratum germinativum.

A

Nail Root

6
Q

Cells that form the nail

A

ONYCHOCYTES

7
Q

The __________ is formed from thickened stratum corneum and is constantly being shed.

A

Cuticle

8
Q

The visible part of the Matrix

A

Lunula

9
Q

Functions of the Nail

A
  • To protect the nail bed
  • To enhance the fingertips’ sensitivity
  • To assist the fingers when picking up objects or scratching.
10
Q

Factors affecting nail growth

A
  • Health and lifestyle
  • Activity
  • Circulation
  • Age
  • Diet
  • Occupation
11
Q

The fold of skin which overlaps the lunula at the base of the nail plate. It forms a seal to prevent micro-organisms entering into the surrounding tissues.

A

Eponychium

12
Q

The epidermis surrounding the base and sides of the nail.

A

Perionychium

13
Q

Structures that make up the nails

A
  • nail bed
  • nail root
  • matrix
  • nail grooves
  • cuticle
  • lunula
  • eponychium
  • hyponychium
  • perionychium
  • proximal nail fold
  • free edge
  • nail plate
14
Q

TWO parts of the cuticle:

A
  • Eponychium

* Perionychium

15
Q

The part of the nail plate that extends beyond the fingertip.

A

Free edge

16
Q

Guide the nail as it grows up the nail plate.

A

Nail grooves

17
Q

Protects the hyponychium at the edge of the nail bed.

A

Free edge

18
Q

Lies under the nail plate

A

Nail Bed

19
Q

What are the common natural nail shapes?

A
  • fan
  • narrow
  • square
  • oval
  • round
20
Q

The living part of the nail structure and is a thickened extension of the stratum germinativum.

A

Matrix

21
Q

The visible part of the nail made up of compacted, translucent epithelial cells which have keratinised.

A

Nail Plate