//Name the ABX //

Question 1

What is C. Difficile treated with?

Answer 1

Metronidazole - first line

Or oral vancomycin

Question 2

What is used to treat endocarditis?

Answer 2

Blindly treat with amoxicillin and gentamicin (the latter does not cover anaerobes hence usually given with penicillins or metronidazole)

Question 3

What is hospital acquired pneumonia treated with?

Answer 3

Co-amoxiclav or cefuroxime

Question 4

What is used to treat acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis?

Answer 4

Amoxicillin or a tetracycline (namely doxycycline)

Question 5

What is community acquired pneumonia treated with?

Answer 5

Amoxicillin AND clarithromycin

Question 6

What are UTIs treated with

Answer 6

Trimethoprim - not to be used during first/second trimester of pregnancy
Nitrofurantoin - can be used in pregnancy except at term

Question 7

What is chlamydia treated with?

Answer 7

Azithromycin

Question 8

What is gonorrhoea treated with?

Answer 8

Azithromycin

Question 9

What is septicaemia treated with?

Answer 9

Tazocin or cefuroxime

Question 10

What is gingivitis treated with?

Answer 10

Metronidazole

Question 11

What is otitis external treated with?

Answer 11

Flucloxacillin

Question 12

What is otitis media treated with?

Answer 12

Amoxicillin

Question 13

What is cellulitis treated with?

Answer 13

Flucloxacillin

Question 14

What are patients with asplenia or sickle cell disease given as prophylaxis for pneumococcal infection

Answer 14

Penicillin V aka phenoxymethylpenicillin for life

Question 15

What is used for prophylaxis of meningococcal meningitis?

Answer 15

Ciprofloxacin or rifampicin

Question 16

What is used to treat TB?

Answer 16

Initial phase for 2/12- RIPE - rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol
Continuation phase for 4/12 - RI - rifampicin, isoniazid

Question 17

What is used to treat shingles and sometimes severe chicken pox in adults?

Answer 17

Aciclovir

Question 18

What is used to treat and for post-exposure prophylaxis of influenza?

Answer 18

Oseltamivir or zanamivir - most useful if started within a few hours of initial sx but licensed up to 48 hours

Question 19

What is used to treat leishmaniasis?

Answer 19

Amphoterecin B

Or miltefosine

Question 20

What is used to treat threadworm?

Answer 20

Mebendazole if >2 years old otc and >6months on Rx - not suitable in pregnancy

Question 21

Which antibiotics are most likely to cause colitis?

Answer 21

Cefalexin, clindamycin, amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin

Question 22

What is used to treat meningitis caused by meningococci?

Answer 22

Benzylpenicillin or cefotaxime

Question 23

What is used to treat meningitis caused by pneumococci?

Answer 23

Cefotaxime

Question 24

What is used to treat meningitis caused by haemophilus influenzae?

Answer 24

Cefotaxime

For close contacts or those <10 years old give rifampicin for 4/7 before hospital discharge

Question 25

What is used to treat meningitis caused by listeria?

Answer 25

Amoxicillin and gentamicin

Question 26

What is used to treat diabetic foot?

Answer 26

Mild - flucloxacillin
Moderate-severe
- fluclox (+/- iv gentamicin +/- metronidazole)
- co-amoxiclav (+/- iv gentamicin OR iv cetriaxone with metronidazole)

Pseudomonas aeuriginosa
- iv piperacillin with tazobactam
- clindamycin with ciprofloxacin +/- iv gentamicin
MRSA
- + iv vancomycin OR iv teicoplanin OR linezolid

Question 27

What is used to treat bacterial vaginosis?

Answer 27

Oral metronidazole

Or topical metronidazole or clindamycin