Narcotics Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Narcotics Deck (15)
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1
Q

Opioid used for severe analgesia, mood alteration, antitussive, sedation and has 2 major active metabolites

A

Morphine

2
Q

What are the 2 major metabolites of morphine and which one is more potent?

A

M6–more potent

M3–little affinity

3
Q

Opioid used for moderate analgesia and antitussive–metabolized via CYP2D6

A

Codeine

4
Q

Which opioid is a weak Mu opioid receptor agonist and causes some NE/5HT uptake inhibition which leads to analgesia?

A

Tramadol

5
Q

Strong Mu-opioid receptor agonist that is highly lipid soluble and is used for severe analgesia after identification of dose level via other opioid?

A

Fentanyl

6
Q

What two drugs should the dose NOT be changed more than 1/week?

A

Fentanyl and methadone–due to long half life

7
Q

Opioid used for chronic, severe pain and for treatment of heroin and opioid addicts

A

Methadone

8
Q

Mu-opioid receptor agonist used for moderate to severe analgesia and has an extended release form?

A

Oxycodone

Oxycontin–ER

9
Q

Why is meperidine not used?

A

Active metabolite–normeperidine causes mental status changes and causes seizures

10
Q

Why is propoxyphene not used?

A

Active metabolite–norpropoxyphene causes CNS toxicity–has a long t 1/2

11
Q

What are the two opioid drugs used for diarrhea b/c they slow peristalsis via opioid receptors in the intestine?

A

Loperamide

Diphenoxylate

12
Q

What are the common side effects seen with all opioids?

A

Miosis
Constipation
Respiratory depression

ALSO:
Dry mouth
N/V
Sedation
Sweating
Dreams
Dysphoria
Delirium
myoclonus
Seizures
Pruritis
Urticaria
Urinary incontinence
13
Q

What is the opioid antagonist used for acute opioid toxicity?

A

Naloxone

14
Q

What is the mechanism of action of naloxone?

A

Competitive mu-, delta, and kappa- opioid receptor antagonist

15
Q

What opioid antagonist is used for alcoholism and is a mu-opioid receptor antagonist?

A

Naltrexone