Nasal Cavity And Paranasal Sinuses

Question 1

What supports the lower part of the nose?

What does it consist of?

Answer 1

Cartilaginous framework

One septal and two major alar cartilages

Question 2

What makes up the upper part of the nose?

Answer 2

Bony framework, nasal bones and frontal processses of maxillae

Question 3

Cartilages are connected to each other and to bones by

Answer 3

Fibrous tissue

Question 4

Forms anterior part of nose, has 2 lateral processes (triangular in shape, located below inferior border of nasal bones)

Answer 4

Septal cartilage

Question 5

U-shaped, form lateral and medial borders of nostrils (lateral and medial curry, respectively)

Answer 5

Major alar cartilages

Question 6

Chamber consisting of bony and cartilaginous walls, covered with mucosa

Answer 6

Nasal cavity

Question 7

Nasal cavity opens anteriorly on face via..

Answer 7

Nares

Question 8

Nasal cavity communicated posteriorly with pharynx via

Answer 8

Posterior nasal apertures (choanae)

Question 9

Area immediately above nares, lines with skin and stiff hairs

Answer 9

Vestibule

Question 10

Function of the nasal cavity

Answer 10

Olfaction, conditioning of inspired air (filtration, humidification, warming), and reception of secretions from paranasal air sinuses and nasolacrimal duct

Question 11

Part of nasal cavity located above and behind superior nasal concha

Answer 11

Sphenoethmoidal recess

Question 12

Composition of floor of Nasal Cavity

Answer 12

Hard palate

Question 13

Composition of roof of bony walls

Answer 13

Anterior to posterior..

Nasal bone, nasal spine of frontal bone, cribriform plate of ethmoid, anterior and inferior aspects of body of sphenoid

Question 14

Medial walls of nasal cavity

Answer 14

Nasal septum

Perpendicular plate of ethmoid and vomer (+ smaller contributions from sphenoid, maxilla, and palatine)

Question 15

Lateral wall of nasal cavity

Answer 15

Maxilla, lacrimal bone, inferior nasal concha, ethmoidal labyrinth, perpendicular plate of palatine, and medial pterygoid plate

Has 3 scroll like bony projections (nasal conchae) with space in between (meatus)

Question 16

Communications of superior meatus

Answer 16

Posterior ethmoidal air cells open via small orifices in its lateral wall

Question 17

Communications of middle meatus

Answer 17

Ethmoidal bulla: openings of middle ethmoidal air cells

Semilunar hiatus, inferior to ethmoidal bulla

Optimum of maxillary sinus located in lower part of semilunar hiatus

Question 18

1. Elevation in lateral wall of middle meatus cause by middle ethmoidal air cells.
2. Curved cleft Structure located inferior and anterior to 1

Answer 18

Ethmoidal bulla

Semilunar hiatus

Question 19

What is located in lower part of semilunar hiatus?

Answer 19

Optimum of maxillary sinus

Question 20

Communications of middle meatus

Answer 20

Superior end of semilunar hiatus leads into a curved channel known as the infundibulum

Question 21

Receives openings of anterior ethmoidal air cells, but in some individuals it also receives opening of frontal sinus

And in others, it has a superior blind end, and frontal sinus opens directly into Anterior part of middle nasal meatus

Answer 21

Infundibulum

Question 22

Communications of inferior meatus

Answer 22

Opening of nasolacrimal duct is located in anterior part of its lateral wall

Question 23

Communications of sphenoethmoidal recess

Answer 23

Opening of sphenoidal sinus

Question 24

Lines entire nasal cavity, except vestibule

Firmly bound to periosteum and perichrondium of supporting structures

Continuous with mucosal lining of nasopharynx, paranasal air sinuses, and nasolacrimal duct

Answer 24

Nasal mucosa

Question 25

Types of nasal mucosa

Answer 25

Olfactory mucosa Respiratory mucosa

Question 26

Lines highest part of roof and adjacent parts of septum and lateral wall, contains olfactory receptor cells

Answer 26

Olfactory mucosa

Question 27

Lines rest of nasal cavity (respiratory epithelium--ciliated, psuedostratified, columnar epithelium)

Answer 27

Respiratory epithelium

Question 28

General sensory nerve supply in nasal cavity

Answer 28

Derived from branches of ophthalmic and maxillary nerves ``` Anterior ethmoidal nerve, nasal branches of infraorbital nerve, nasal branch of anterior superior alveolar nerve, posterolateral nasal branches, nasopalatine nerve ```

Question 29

Branch of nasociliary nerve (from opthalmic nerve) Passes from orbit to anterior cranial fossa via anterior ethmoidal foramen Runs forward on cribriform plate Leaves anterior cranial fossa and enters nasal cavity via small slit at side of crista Galli

Answer 29

Anterior ethmoidal nerve

Question 30

Anterior ethmoidal nerve branches

Answer 30

Internal nasal branches