naswa exam 1 Flashcards
(160 cards)
1
Q
what countries are not in the Arabic world?
A
Israel, Iran, Turkey
2
Q
What country doesn’t fit in the Islamic world?
A
Israel, (Christians)
3
Q
what regions control which chokepoints?
A
Gibraltar; Morocco, Spain
Hormuz; Iran, Oman
bosporus-Dardanelles; Turkey
suez cannal; Egypt
4
Q
which strait is crucial to the oil trade?
A
Hormuz; controlled by Iran
5
Q
where are the Atlas mountains?
A
northwest Africa
6
Q
who controls the Gibraltar Straight?
A
Morocco and Spain
7
Q
who controls the Hormuz straight?
A
Iran and Oman
8
Q
Who controls the Bosporus-Dardanelles?
A
Turkey
9
Q
who controls the Suez cannal?
A
Egypt
10
Q
Where are the Turas Mountains?
A
south Turkey
11
Q
where are the Zargos Mountains?
A
western Iran
12
Q
name three ribvers running through the NASWA.
A
Nile, Tirgis, Euphrates
13
Q
name the deserts of the region.
A
saharah, araibian, syria, Irainian
14
Q
what type of climate region is the naswa located in?
A
climate zone B
15
Q
what is the climate like in the B climate zones?
A
dry, semi dry, seasonaly dry.
16
Q
what do the different settlments look like?
A
located around water sources and decent climates.
17
Q
what countries are major exceptions to the arabic musslum culture?
A
Turkey, Israel, and Iran.
18
Q
what is the main cultural hearth?
A
mesopatomia
19
Q
what does mesopotomia mean?
A
“the land between rivers.”
20
Q
where did Islam originate?
A
Mecca, Saudi Arabia
21
Q
where did Islam begin to thrive?
A
Medina
22
Q
what are the five pillars?
A
the basic practices the musslims follow.
23
Q
what do the five pillars include?
A
~basic belife ~daily prayer five times a day ~9th mounth fasting (Radman) ~Giving of Alms (tithes) ~pilgramging to mecca (Hajj)
24
Q
what precent of musslims are sunni?
A
80%
25
what did the sunni divide in to?
sunni and shia
26
what are the codes of law called?
sharia
27
why did the shia and Sunnis divide?
The original split between Sunnis and Shiites occurred soon after the death of the Prophet Muhammad. "There was a dispute in the community of Muslims in present-day Saudi Arabia over the question of succession,"
28
what are the sharia?
NO living pictures
NO pork eating
No taking or paying intrest
29
what is allah?
the islam "god"
30
what is koran
musslims "bible"
31
what is the Sharia?
The rules that the musslims have to follow.
32
What is a mullah?
a Muslimic teacher or leader especially is Shiite practice.
33
what is an Imam?
the person who leads the musslim prayers
34
what is a mosque?
a place of musslim worship.
35
what country has the majority of the shia population?
Iraq
36
where is the concentration of oil distribution based?
Suadi Arabia
37
what are the larger of prodcers of oil?
```
Iran
northen africa
persian gulf
Iraq
Kuwait
Suadi Arabia
```
38
how did the oil movment impact the area?
increased migration
helped development
raised income
foreign influence
39
define supernationalism-
when three or more contries come together to promote a certain interest.
40
what is OPEC?
Organization of Petrolium Exporting Countries
41
what is OPECs main goal?
OPEC aims to regulate the supply of oil
42
what was the Arab uprising addressing?
unemployment and human rights
43
where and when did the arab uprising start?
tunisia, 2010
44
what territories did Isis control in 2016?
b
45
where are the isis strongholds consentraited?
Syria
46
what diffused the Arab uprising?
the use of soccial media
47
name a supernational oil cartel-
OPEC
48
who is the worlds largest oil producer?
Saudi Arabia
49
what is the worlds largest musslim counrty?
Indonesia
50
what is used to move ships up strean and down stream on the Nile river?
wind is used for upstream travel and curents are used for travel down stream.
51
what lake does the aswan high dam create?
lake Nasser
52
which country has the largest Arab population?
Egypt
53
why does Egypt attract so many donors?
it has a high locational advantage
54
why is Egypt good for transportaion?
it includes the suez cannal flowing fro N ->S and the Sinai Peninsula from E->W
55
where is Egypts population concentrated?
Along the Nile
56
which portion of Egypt is more developed?
The lower portion
57
What is a Primate City?
A city with twice the populatio of the second largest city in that country. (not necessarily the capitol)
58
give an example of a primate city
Cario (like Mario)
59
what is Egypt's main cash crop?
Cotton (like the sheets) also some tourism
60
what is Sudan split into?
into South Sudan and Sudan
61
what caused the majority of the devolution in Sudan?
religious and ethnic differinces (Arabs in the north Africans in the south)
62
who has more negotiation power Sudan or Egypt? why?
Egypt does because they have better location and control more resources
63
what controles the population in maghreb?
populaion is along the altlas mountains and the south desert.
64
what is orographic precipitation?
it is caused when moist air moves over the mountains and begins to cool down and make precipitation
65
what reigion relys on orographic precipitation?
Maghreb
66
where are Nigeria and Tunisia located?
Marghreb
67
what does the economy of Nigeria and Tunisia depend on?
their production of oil
68
is morocco a mian oil producer
no it is oil poor
69
what are the main oil prodecers in maghreb?
Nigeria and Tunisia
70
describe Lybia-
A flat dry desert country with very small population
71
where is lybias population concentrated?
along the coast
72
what are foggara?
underground water aqueducts that lead water to settelments
73
what main religions are found in th middle east?
musslim (shia and sunni)
74
where is kurdistand spread out over?
Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and Syria
75
what river system does iraq have?
Mesopotamian
76
what does iraqs population concentrate on>?
the mesopotomian river
77
what are some of the cultural regions of Iraq?
Kurds in the north
Sunnis in the central
shias in the south (majority)
78
what religious group has a political connection with iran?
shias wholive in Iraq
79
who held political power in Iraq until 2003
the Sunnis
80
where and what is Iraqs capitol?
Located along the Tigris River, Baghdad
81
what drives Iraq's economy?
it is ritch in oil and agricultural resources
82
when did Iraq have conflict with Iran?
during the 1980s
83
who did Iraq have conflict with in the 1980s?
Iran
84
Who did Iraq have conflict with during the 1990s?
Kurwaits (partly over oil)
85
why did Iraq have conflict with Kurwaits?
partly over oil
86
when did Iraq have conflict with the us?
early 2000s
87
what is not an Arabic or muslim country ?
Isreal
88
what caused the war of independence in 1948?
the announcement of Isreals statehood
89
what is another name for the six-day-war?
the june war. june 5 -- june 10th
90
what teritories were taken from Israel in the six day war?
```
golan hights from syria
west bank from jordon
gaza strip (withdrew in 2005)
siai penisula (returned in 1978)
```
91
where is israels population consentrated?
along the coats betweeen hifa--Tel Aviv
92
what is the operational and constitutional capitols of Israel?
Tell Aviv and jeruselem
93
what are the cultural faith group quarters of Jerusalem?
Christians in the North West
Armenians in the South West
Muslims in the North East
Jewish in the South East
94
where are the Chirstains mainly located in Israel?
the northwest
95
where are the Muslims mainy located in Isreal?
Northeast
96
Where are the Armesians located in Israel?
Southwest
97
Where is the Jewish population located in Jerusalem?
Southeast
98
Jerusalem is a holy city for what religious group?
Muslims
99
what are the benefits of having a dam like the Aswan High Dam?
- it controls the yearly floodwaters
- it controles the strength of the currents in the agri river for ships
- it also produces over half of Egypt's power
100
what part of Egypt contains the capitol?
the lower part
101
what countries in Maghreb have an oil economy?
Nigeria and tunissia
102
what kind of population does the Arabian desert have?
it has a little population
103
what is a major production in the Arabian?
oil
104
where is most of the oil located in the Arabian?
along the persian gulf.
105
why are mecca and medina cultueraly hearthS?
becaise the islamic beilife originated in mecca and took off in medina
106
what is a culteral hearth?
A cultural hearth is where civilization first began.
107
what two hearhts are on the red sea?
Mecca and Medina
108
where is the grand masque?
Mecca, Saudi Arabia
109
what is the site of pilgrimage for Muslims?
kaaba
110
where is the prophets mosque located?
Medina, Saudi Arabia
111
what is saudi arabias major cash crop?
dates
112
what dish is popular in saudi arabia?
couscous
113
name three middle eastern/arabian foods>
shwarma (like a gyro)
kebabs
kanafeh and baklava (filo pastry with syrup and cheese)
114
what is the capitole of iran?
tehran
115
where is the Iranian desert located?
East Iran
116
where is most of the population located in Iran?
in the west along the zarrgos mountains.
117
how do the irainias farm in the desert?
by mountain stream aquaducts following gravity.
118
what is the different cultural population living in Iran?
persians
kurds in the northwest border
shitte (majority)
NO arabs
119
how many us citisins where detained in the 1979 revolution?
Fifty-two American diplomats and citizens were held hostage for 444 days from November 4, 1979, to January 20, 1981, after a group of Iranian college students belonging to the Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line, who supported the Iranian Revolution, took over the U.S. Embassy in Tehran.
120
what where some f the major things the happened in the 1979 revolution?
iran converted back to islamic rule
women where forced to wear the veils
52 Americans where held hastoge for 444 days...
121
what is the capital of Turkey?
Ankara
122
what does the landscape look like in Turkey?
Plateaus with the Taurus mountains in the south.
123
what is the cultural populating in Turkey?
Turks
Kurds in the southeast boarder
and Suuni which hold the majority
NO Arabs
124
what are examples of atatürk's reforms that secularized turkey?
```
reformation of Islam
relocated capital (Istanbul to Ankara)
separated religion and state
western law codes supplanted sharia
monogamy became the law
all religious symbols were prohibited in and government. (the fez)
```
125
what is monogamy?
the practice or law of only having one wife or husband
126
describe Kurdistan
a stateless nation in the border zones and high lands ofTurkey, Iraq, Iran, and Syria and the underprivileged ethnic goup in all counties
127
what is the sahel?
the african transision zone. located on the widest stretch of Africa on the southern part of the sahara desert this belt is the transition from the b cimate to the a (south) climate.
128
what is the culrtual heritage of the sahel?
arabs located in the north and Africans located in the south.
129
international water piracy
the Somalian pirates (lookup with mom on why you need to know this....)
130
why is the arabian population small?
its a desert land with little resources to live of of
131
what is the cradel of islam?
mecca and medina located in western central of the Arabian Peninsula
132
what is the economic core on the Arabian Peninsula
The entire economy of Saudi Arabia is based on the export of oil, and more than 20 percent of the known oil reserves in the world are located in Saudi Arabia.
133
How do the empire states differ from there neighbors ethnicly?
they do not hav an arabic population
134
what two countries dominate the empire states region?
Turkey and Iran
135
what minority group dose the empire state share in the border zones?
kurdistands
136
what is the fundimental cultural difference between both empire states?
Turkey has a sunni majority
| Iran has a shia Majority
137
describe the general population patteren in Iran and explain east vs. west
most is in the west Iran Zarggos mountains and some ar in the Irainin desert thanked to aqueducts leading water out there from the mountains.
138
explain the highdro sysytem the Iraninans have devloped to combat the dryness of there land.
they use aqueducts to move water usuing gravity down from the mountains
139
what does secular mean?
activities, or other things that have no religious or spiritual basis.
140
what were the major changes during Turkeys secularization?
```
reformation of Islam
relocated capital (Istanbul to Ankara)
separated religion and state
western law codes supplanted sharia
monogamy became the law
all religious symbols were prohibited in and government. (the fez)
```
141
explain the changes that happen in the sahel or African transitional zone
the climate zone changes for b(north) to a (south)
142
the country that contributes to the recent high sea piracy?
somolia
143
how is geography divided?
physical and human geography
144
what is the method of study for this course?
regional
145
larger-scale maps cover more area (T/F)
False
146
what is a reference map?
a map displaying locatioal info
147
what is a thematic map?
a map displaying population or ditrubution info
148
reigion requirments
must have boundries
enclosed land area
Definition criterion or criteria (laws)
149
what is a formal region
a region that is an area with a high level of consistency in a certain cultural or physical attribute. (the same culture)
150
what is a functional reigion?
features surrounding areas with common social, political, or economic purposes that relate to trade, communications, or transportation. ( a system that is spread out and different but works together)
151
what is a physical land scape?
a natual landscape. made by God not man
152
what is a cultural lanscape?
a lanscape that is man-made by modifying or changing physical and scape.
153
wha is absoulute location?
location defined by geographic coordinates
154
what is reletive location?
location defined by relation or conectivity betwen places.
155
what is pangea?
the theory of a super continent
156
how are mountains formed?
converging tectonic plates,
157
what is the range of the global climate zones?
0-90 degrees celsius
158
what are the climate zones?
tropical (0-23.5)
tempurate (23.5-66.5)
polar (66.5-90)
159
what are the climate reigions?
A, B, C, D, E H
160
what are the C varients?
regular
Mediterranean
marine west coast
