National Idenitity

Question 1

What is national identity

Answer 1

Someone’s identity in relation to a country- the country they were born, live in or have a passport for

Question 2

Examples of national identity

Answer 2

Displaying the Union Jack flag, watching British event e.g royal wedding or celebrating Christmas or Easter

Question 3

studies for creation and reinforcement of national identities ?

Answer 3

• religion: Jessica Jacobson
• education national curriculum : Audrey Osler
• media: imagined community: Benedict Anderson
• media: banal nationalisation- Micheal Billig

Question 4

What did Jessica Jacobson find out about what religion formed national identity of young Pakistani and how ?

Answer 4

Crucial part of creating the national identity of young Pakistani as it creates powerful loyalties to Pakistani identity

Question 5

According to Jessica Jacobson what does religion do for the British young Pakistani individuals?

Answer 5

Even in the secular society many young British Pakistanis find a welcome sense of stability and permanence from religion

Question 6

Ways according to Jessica Jacobson that religion has a strong impact on national identities

Answer 6

• diet (fasting during ramandan)
• worship (praying )
• dress (modest clothing)
• every day routine and practises

Question 7

According to Jessica Jacobson why is Islam important ?

Answer 7

Part of being Pakistani and religion and national identities are interlinked

Question 8

According to Audrey Osler, how does education socialise national identity ?

Answer 8

Through the national curriculum

Question 9

According to Audrey Osler, what does history curriculum tend to be focused on ?

Answer 9

Tends to England focused reflecting cultural dominance of the English in the UK (ethnocentric) e.g Henry 8th in history

Question 10

According to Audrey Osler, due to the history curriculum being focused solely England what did this lead to.

Answer 10

Exclusion and more English focus in the identity building of British national history

Question 11

According to Audrey Osler , what were all schools and sixth forms in 2015 urged to promote ?

Answer 11

To promote fundamental British values as part of their curriculum

Question 12

According to Audrey Osler , why did all schools and Sixth forms in 2015 have to have to promote fundamental British values

Answer 12

Government’s growing concerns
over the radicalisation of young British Muslims.

Question 13

According to Audrey Osler , what were the British values promoted

Answer 13

• democracy
• rule of the law
• individual liberty

Question 14

Benedict Anderson: media argues that a nation is what ?

Answer 14

Imagined community

Question 15

According Benedict Anderson: media , what is an imagined community ?

Answer 15

members of a nation
will never meet most of their fellow members, and so a national identity
is socially constructed through symbols such as the flag and the anthem,
and rituals such as national holidays and festivals.

Question 16

Benedict Anderson: media , what is largely responsible for creating a national identity ?

Answer 16

The media

Question 17

Benedict Anderson: media

What did the media allow the development of ?

Answer 17

Development of printing press allowed for one standard language within a country to be an national language so this meant nationwide everyone would read the same material

Question 18

Benidict Anderson: media - national identity
Development of printing press allowed for one standard language within a country to be an national language so this meant nationwide everyone would read the same material , so what did this allow

Answer 18

people
across the nation to be united by a common language, and to be exposed
to the same kinds of ideas e.g in books available to all

Question 19

Benidict Anderson: media - national identity , what sense does the media give for individuals

Answer 19

Therefore the media gives a sense that we are all part of a
community bigger than ourselves and our own social group

Question 20

Example of media coverage according to Benedict Anderson

Answer 20

but also
conflicts and disasters, where the fate of British people involved is given a higher status than that
of others and we are encouraged to get behind our nation’s interest

Question 21

What is media: banal nationalism according to Micheal Billig ?

Answer 21

Unnoticed and ordinary signs of nationalism

Question 22

Example of banal canalisation from Micheal billig media ?

Answer 22

• including flags on public buildings
• words in the media such as ‘ours’ or ‘us’ that reproduce the nation on a daily basis

Question 23

Studies for changing national identity ?

Answer 23

• the decline of British national identity: Jane Roberts
• Americanisation : A H. Hasley
• global identity crisis: American or European ? : Sardar
• staurt hall: response to globalisation

Question 24

Decline of British national identity,
Over the past 20 years there has been a significant decline of what ?

Answer 24

proportion of British citizens
who feel their British identity to be their primary national identity.

Question 25

What is the evidence to support the decline in the proportion of British citizen who feel that their British identity to be their primary national identity ?

Answer 25

• British department of justice
• 2006 even English people were 24 per cent less likely to describe themselves as British
  instead of English

Question 26

What does Halsley: Americanisation say about lives have become

Answer 26

Lives are becoming hopelessly Americanised and life in Britain can no longer be uniquely British

Question 27

Halsley: Americanisation , due to the growing of what meant that it is difficult to pinpoint Britishness as lives becoming Americanised to point Britian is no longer uniquely British ?

Answer 27

Growing international homogeneity and the dominance of American culture

Question 28

Global Identity Crisis – American or European? - Sardar , says the world is in the middle of what ?

Answer 28

Global identity crisis

Question 29

Global Identity Crisis – American or European? - Sardar , why is the world in a global identity crisis?

Answer 29

( Divided )Britian has lost its empire and feeling very small in the global world and unsure whether it should become more American or European

Question 30

Global Identity Crisis – American or European? - Sardar , what does Sadar say we need to develop ?

Answer 30

Sardar argues that to develop a more
confident identity, we must embrace diversity but also focus on what makes us the same – our
common humanity.

Question 31

Stuart hall: reponses to globalisation , how has national identities become ?

Answer 31

Become less and less significant in todays globalised society

Question 32

Stuart hall: reponses to globalisation , says young people are citizens of the world so what does this mean.

Answer 32

National boundaries and cultures are less significant so social media and internet has led to breaking down of boundaries

Question 33

What is the three types of reactions to globalisation Stuart hall: reponses to globalisation ?

Answer 33

1. Cultural homogenisation
2. Cultural hybridity
3. Cultural resistance

Question 34

What is cultural homogenisation: Stuart hall: reponses to globalisation

Answer 34

Global culture where all counties will become more similar

Question 35

What is cultural hybridity: Stuart hall: responses to globalisation

Answer 35

may take in some parts of global culture alongside their more
traditional culture, and develop a new but still individual culture.

Question 36

What is cultural resistance according to Stuart hall: responses to globalisation ?

Answer 36

resist global culture and fiercely protect their cultural heritage,
becoming more traditional and nationalistic.