Nationalism Flashcards
(51 cards)
What is nationalism?
The belief that nations are timeless and people seek to continue their cultural heritage freely.
Example: Scottish nationalism seeks to preserve Scottish culture and political independence.
Define a “nation” in nationalism.
A group identifying with shared societal values, culture, or heritage.
What is self-determination?
Nations have the right to decide how they are governed.
Example: The breakup of Yugoslavia in the 1990s was driven by nationalist demands for self-determination
What is a nation-state?
A nation that governs itself with its own political and economic control.
How do all nationalists view the nation-state?
Most support it, but some forms of nationalism reject the nation-state concept.
What is culturalism in nationalism?
Nationalism based on shared cultural values and emotional ties.
Example: Johann Gottfried von Herder’s cultural nationalism emphasized unique national cultures.
What is racialism?
The belief that biological race determines nationhood.
Example: Nazi Germany’s ideology promoted racial nationalism based on supposed Aryan superiority.
What is civic nationalism?
Nationalism where state legitimacy comes from citizens’ active participation.
Example: Rousseau’s idea of the general will and active citizen participation.
What is internationalism?
The belief in cooperation across nations for common interests; some nationalists support it, others oppose.
What is ethnicity’s role in nationalism?
Shared ancestry or cultural traits that help define a nation.
How is nationalism related to human nature?
It reflects people’s natural desire for belonging and identity within a group.
How can nationalism impact the economy?
Through nation-states controlling their own economic policies to benefit their nation.
Example: Economic protectionism linked to nationalist policies, like Brexit.
What does “rational” nationalism mean?
Nationalism based on reason and logical principles.
Define “progressive” nationalism.
Nationalism that seeks social and political reform.
Example: Liberal nationalism aiming for democratic self-rule.
Define “regressive” nationalism.
Nationalism that resists change and aims to restore past traditions.
What is inclusive nationalism?
Nationalism open to diversity within the nation.
Example: Canadian multicultural nationalism.
What is exclusive nationalism?
the belief that only people from a specific ethnic or cultural group truly belong to the nation, excluding others from national identity or rights.
Example: Far-right nationalist movements opposing immigration.
Define chauvinistic nationalism.
Extreme nationalism emphasizing superiority and dominance.
Example: Expansionist nationalism under Nazi Germany.
What is imperialism/colonialism?
The domination of other nations through political or economic control
Example: British Empire’s colonial rule over India.
What is liberal nationalism?
Seeks autonomous nation-states with freedom and democracy.
Example: American Revolutionaries advocating for self-rule and liberal freedoms.
Thinker linked: Jean-Jacques Rousseau (civic nationalism, general will).
What is conservative nationalism?
Focuses on social cohesion, unity, and traditional values.
Example: Post-WWII French Gaullism stressing unity and order.
Thinker linked: Charles Maurras (integral nationalism, militarism).
What is anti/post-colonial nationalism?
Opposes colonial rule, promoting governance by indigenous peoples.
Example: Indian independence movement led by Gandhi.
Thinker linked: Marcus Garvey (Pan-Africanism, black pride).
What is expansionist nationalism?
Rejects self-determination for others; linked to militarism and chauvinism.
Example: Nazi Germany’s Lebensraum policy.
Thinker linked: Charles Maurras (integral nationalism).
How do these types of nationalism vary in views on self-determination?
Liberal and anti-colonial support it; expansionist rejects it; conservative emphasizes social unity over self-rule.
