Natural hazards (tropical storms)

Question 1

What is the centre of a tropical storm called?

Answer 1

The eye.

Question 2

True or False: Tropical storms have sustained winds of at least 74 mph.

Answer 2

True.

Question 3

Fill in the blank: The region of the storm where the most severe weather occurs is known as the __________.

Answer 3

eyewall.

Question 4

Which scale is used to classify the intensity of tropical storms?

Answer 4

The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale.

Question 5

What is the primary fuel source for tropical storms?

Answer 5

Warm ocean water.

Question 6

What is the minimum temperature for tropical storms to form

Answer 6

27 degrees

Question 7

Where are most tropical storms located

Answer 7

Between latitudes 5-30

Question 8

What pressure is needed for tropical storms to form

Answer 8

Low pressure

Question 9

What happens to tropical storms when they reach land

Answer 9

They lose energy

Question 10

3 cells in atmospheric circulation model

Answer 10

Hadley, ferrel, polar

Question 11

Pressure in hadley cell

Answer 11

Low

Question 12

What drives the global atmospheric circulation system?

Answer 12

The equator, which is the hottest part of the Earth.

Question 13

What happens to air at the equator?

Answer 13

Air rises, leading to low pressure and high rainfall.

Question 14

What occurs when air reaches the edge of the atmosphere?

Answer 14

It travels north and south, cools, becomes denser, and falls.

Question 15

What conditions are created at around 30° north and south of the equator?

Answer 15

High pressure and dry conditions.

Question 16

Where do Hadley cells occur?

Answer 16

Next to the equator.

Question 17

Where do Polar cells occur?

Answer 17

Next to the North and South Poles.

Question 18

Where are the Ferrel cells in atmospheric circulation?

Answer 18

Between the Hadley and Polar cells.

Question 19

What weather patterns are created by global atmospheric circulation?

Answer 19

Areas of high rainfall (e.g., tropical rainforests)
Areas of dry air (e.g., deserts)

Question 20

What happens to air in the Hadley cell as it rises?

Answer 20

It cools and forms thick cumulonimbus clouds.

Question 21

What does the air do when it reaches about 30° north and south in the Hadley cell?

Answer 21

It cools and sinks towards the ground, forming the subtropical high-pressure zone.

Question 22

What type of weather is associated with the subtropical high-pressure zone?

Answer 22

Little cloud and low rainfall, characteristic of deserts.

Question 23

What are the trade winds in the northern and southern hemispheres?

Answer 23

Northern Hemisphere: northeast trade winds
Southern Hemisphere: southeast trade winds

Question 24

What is the Coriolis force?

Answer 24

A force that affects the direction of winds due to Earth’s rotation.

Question 25

What is the temperature and moisture condition of the air in the Ferrel cell?

Answer 25

Air is pulled towards the poles, forming warm winds that pick up moisture.

Question 26

What happens when warm air from the tropics meets cold polar air?

Answer 26

The warm air rises, causing low pressure at the surface.

Question 27

What is the subpolar low?

Answer 27

A zone of low pressure created when cold polar air mixes with warmer tropical air.

Question 28

What is the polar front?

Answer 28

The boundary between warm and cold air at around 60 degrees N and S.

Question 29

What is the Polar high?

Answer 29

High pressure formed when cooled air sinks at the poles.

Question 30

What unstable weather conditions are associated with mid-latitude depressions?

Answer 30

Wet and windy weather.

Question 31

How much rainfall is produced by a tropical storm

Answer 31

Up to 255mm in one day

Question 32

What is wind sheer

Answer 32

Minimal changes in wind speed or direction as you go up in the atmosphere (needed for tropical storms to form)

Question 33

Example of a tropical storm

Answer 33

Typhoon Haiyan in Philippines

Question 34

What city was affected by typhoon Haiyan

Answer 34

Tacloban

Question 35

Why was Typhoon Haiyan so destructive

Answer 35

Ocean temperatures was higher than normal There was a large storm surge

Question 36

What level was Typhoon Haiyan on the saffir-simpson scale

Answer 36

5

Question 37

How high were wind speeds during Typhoon Haiyan

Answer 37

Over 200 mph

Question 38

How many people were killed by Typhoon Haiyan (primary effect)

Answer 38

6190

Question 39

How many homes were damaged/destroyed by Typhoon Haiyan (primary effect)

Answer 39

1.1 million

Question 40

How expensive was the damage from Typhoon Haiyan (primary effect)

Answer 40

Around $12 billion

Question 41

How many people were injured by Typhoon Haiyan (primary effect)

Answer 41

29,000

Question 42

What happened to schools after Typhoon Haiyan (secondary effect)

Answer 42

Many were shut leading to a disruption in education

Question 43

What did survivors tend to do after Typhoon Haiyan (secondary effect)

Answer 43

Fight over food and supplies (8 people killed)

Question 44

What happened to water after Typhoon Haiyan (secondary effect)

Answer 44

It was contaminated which lead to outbreaks of illness

Question 45

How many hectares of farmland was affected by Typhoon Haiyan (primary effect)

Answer 45

600,000

Question 46

How many farmers were affected by Typhoon Haiyan (primary effect)

Answer 46

1 million

Question 47

How did debris from Typhoon Haiyan affect transport (secondary effect)

Answer 47

Airport was damaged Roads were blocked

Question 48

How many people were evacuated following the televised warning by the president? (short term response)

Answer 48

Eight hundred thousand people were evacuated ## Footnote This evacuation was a response to a televised warning.

Question 49

What did the government provide following Typhoon Haiyan? (short term response)

Answer 49

Essential equipment and medical supplies ## Footnote This support was crucial for the affected population.

Question 50

When was the main airport reopened after the Typhoon Haiyan? (short term response)

Answer 50

Three days after the storm ## Footnote The reopening facilitated the arrival of emergency aid.

Question 51

How long did it take for power to be restored in some regions after Typhoon Haiyan? (short term response)

Answer 51

After a week ## Footnote This restoration was part of the recovery efforts.

Question 52

How many food packs were distributed within two weeks of Typhoon Haiyan? (short term response)

Answer 52

One million food packs were distributed ## Footnote This was part of the emergency relief efforts.

Question 53

How much water was distributed within two weeks of Typhoon Haiyan? (short term response)

Answer 53

250,000 litres of water were distributed ## Footnote Access to clean water was critical in the aftermath.

Question 54

What was the cash for work program established after Typhoon Haiyan (long term response)

Answer 54

Where people paid to clear debris and rebuild Tacloban

Question 55

What did the build back better scheme do (long term response)

Answer 55

Upgraded damaged buildings to protect them from future disasters

Question 56

What did the government set up after Typhoon Haiyan (long term response)

Answer 56

Set up a no-build zone along the coast