Natural Science Flashcards
Science (168 cards)
1
Q
Able to take in or soak up liquids
A
absorbent
2
Q
Changes in a body over time to suit the environment
A
adaption
3
Q
Two or more metals mixed together, or a metal mixed with a non-metal
A
alloy
4
Q
an imaginary line passing through the centre of an object
A
axis
5
Q
A rod attached to a wheel
A
axle
6
Q
a source of stored energy that is made of one or more cells
A
battery
7
Q
the variety of all the plants and animals on Earth
A
biodiversity
8
Q
hard parts of the body, such as bones, that form fossils
A
body fossils
9
Q
a property of an object whereby it breaks or chips easily
A
brittle
10
Q
animals that only eat meat or other animals
A
carnivores
11
Q
flexible, tough substance that cushions bones at the joint
A
cartilage
12
Q
a product made from clay and limestone that becomes hard when mixed with water
A
cement
13
Q
objects made from clay or sand
A
ceramics
14
Q
large soil grains
A
coarse soil
15
Q
to roll material into a spiral shape
A
coil
16
Q
to mix or join together
A
combine
17
Q
pressed tightly together
A
compacted
18
Q
squeeze or push the parts of something together
A
compress
19
Q
something you decide based on the results of an investigation
A
conclusion
20
Q
a mixture of sand, gravel, cement and water
A
concrete
21
Q
if something is able to carry heat or electricty, it can…
A
conduct
22
Q
a metal breaking down is ….
A
corroding
23
Q
hard, rocky layer on the surface of the Earth
A
crust
24
Q
facts or information collected in an investigation
A
data
25
to break down into smaller parts
decompose
26
dropped or put down in a certain place
deposited
27
something that has mixed completely with water has....
dissolved
28
something that is able to be drawn into wires is...
ductile
29
something that will last for a long time is ...
durable
30
materials that return quickly to their original shape after it has been bent or stretched
elastic
31
a system that provides a path for the transfer of electricity
an electrical circuit
32
the place where electricity from a substation is connected to the electrical circuits in a building
an electrical box
33
it changes the energy in chemicals into electricty
an electrochemical cell
34
skeleton found inside an animals body
endoskeleton
35
soil that has been washed away by water or blown away by wind
eroded soil
36
to look at what you have done and think of how to do it better next time
evaluate
37
a shell or hard covering on the outside of animals
endoskeleton
38
joining of male cells and female egg outside of the body
external fertilisation
39
When all the individuals of a type of plant or animal die out and no more are left
extinct
40
to put something out
extinguish
41
materials made from yarn or fibres by weaving or knitting
fabric
42
when we test everything in the same way
fair test
43
soil in which plants can grow well
fertile soil
44
when male cells in pollen join eggs in the female parts of a flower to form seeds
fertilisation
45
a material that is not easily damaged by fire
fire-resistant
46
a system in which the axle remains fixed while the wheels rotate around it
fixed axles
47
how easily a material bends
flexibility
48
the order in which animals eat plants and other animals to get energy
the food chain
49
the remains or signs of ancient plants and animals preserved in rocks
fossils
50
a substance or material that can be eaten or burned to produce energy
fuel
51
centre point
fulcrum
52
a machine that produces electricity
generator
53
begin to sprout or grow into a seedling
germinate
54
the natural home of plants or animals
habitat
55
a material that is not easily damaged by heat
heat resistant
56
animals that only eat plants
herbivores
57
part of the skeleton made up of hip bones that support the hind limbs
hip girdle
58
human beings and their fossil ancestors
homonids
59
dark material in the soil made up of the fully decomposed remains of plants and animals
humus
60
a good guess about what you think will happen in the investigation
hypothesis
61
plants and animals that have always lived in a certain area
indigenous
62
the energy that we put in to start a fuel burning
input energy
63
two or more things that depend on each other
interdependence
64
joining of male cells and female eggs inside the body
internal fertilisation
65
an animal that does not have a backbone made of bone
invertebrate
66
the place where two or more bones meet
joint
67
a furnace or oven that is used to process materials by burning, baking or drying them
kiln
68
stages through which a living thing passes during its life time
life cycle
69
bands that connect bones to bone and strengthen the joint
ligaments
70
a leg, arm or tail
limb
71
a kind of sedimentary rock made from shells and bones of tiny sea animals
limestone
72
able to be beaten or hammered into shapes
malleable
73
parts of a machine that do specific jobs to make the machine work
mechanism
74
an instrument that makes small things appear much bigger
microscope
75
something that is made by mixing things together
mixture
76
to shed outer coverings to grow a new, bigger one
moult
77
masses of tough, elastic tissue that pull our bones when we move
muscles
78
substances that help living things to grow
nutrients
79
animals that eat plants and meat
omnivores
80
the path of one object in space around another.
orbit
81
the energy such as heat and light that is produced when a fuel burns
output energy
82
a thick mixture of a solid and a liquid
paste
83
a dry, coloured powder that is mixed with oil or water to give paint a colour
pigment
84
to twist three strands over and under each other to form one thick strand
plait
85
a white powder that quickly becomes a hard solid when mixed with water
plaster of paris
86
when pollen from the male parts of a flower reaches the female parts of a flower
pollination
87
plastics, rubber and fabrics
polymers
88
if something did not rot away, it was
preserved
89
to keep something from happening
prevent
90
to change in different ways to get new materials or products with new properties
process
91
materials that have been changed in some way
processed materials
92
plants that make their own food are called....
producers
93
the process of reusing old materials to make new objects
recycle
94
to strengthen with additional material
reinforce
95
The process when plants and animals produce offspring
reproduce
96
the movement of an object in space around another object, such as the movement of the |Earth around the Sun
revolution
97
Areas that are far away from big, modern cities where people live mostly off what is available in nature
rural areas
98
the reddish-brown layer formed when iron combines with air and water
rust
99
a kind of sedimentary rock made from sand
sandstone
100
rock that forms when sediments are deposited in layers and harden
sedimentary rock
101
soil and pieces of broken rock deposited by a river or by wind
a kind of sedimentary rock made from clay
102
a place that gives protection from bad weather and danger
a shelter
103
a structure that has a strong layer on the outside that holds itself up and protects what is on the inside
shell structure
104
set of bones where front limbs attach
shoulder girdle
105
a framework for support
a structure
106
strong structures that can support a lot of weight
struts
107
energy that is kept in something and can be changed
stored energy
108
the layer of soil that lies under the topsoil
subsoil
109
any type of solid, liquid or gas
substance
110
it controls the electricity in an electric circuit
switch
111
two or more parts that work together to carry out a function
a system
112
a metal that is changing colour or going dull
tarnish
113
tough cords that attach muscles to bones
tendons
114
the way a surface or material feels when you touch it
texture
115
the layer of soil that lies on the surface of the Earth
topsoil
116
preserved signs of animals, such as footprints
trace fossils
117
the body of an animal excluding the head or the limbs
trunk
118
a rod that turns, with blades arranged like a wheel around it
turbine
119
a system in which the axle turns together with the wheels
turning axles
120
factors that can affect the result of an investigation
variables
121
an animal with a bony backbone
vertebrate
122
organs in the body that are absolutely necessary for life
vital organs
123
the process of making something by crossing strips or threads under and over each other
weave
124
What are the 6 life processes
Feeding, movement, growth, respiration, excretion, reproduction
125
The substance in plant cells that absorbs the sunlight and converts it to energy
Chlorophyll
126
The substance in plants that give them their green colour
chlorophyll
127
The process in which plants use natures resources to make food for themselves
photosynthesis
128
4 main habitats
grasslands, deserts, aquatic and forests
129
2 main aquatic habitats
fresh water and salt water
130
Freshwater is vital to life on Earth, how is this resource at risk?
Human activity: chemicals used in industry, waste water and other pollution
131
dry, baron, intense heat and little rain. What habitat am I?
desert
132
What kind of plants are able to survive in the desert?
tough plants with small or no leaves, or succulents which have fleshy leaves that are able to store water in their leaves. Thorny plant that protect them from being eaten.
133
How do many animals adapt to the heat of the desert?
They are active only at night.
134
how much of th Earths land is grassland?
1 quarter
135
What are Africa's grasslands called?
Savannahs
136
how much of Africa is covered in Savannahs?
one third
137
what part of the flower attracts birds and insects
petals
138
The male part of the flower that makes pollen
anther
139
part of the flower that supports the anther
filament
140
sticky female part of the flower that catches pollen
stigma
141
part of the flower that supports the stigma
style
142
female part of the flower that stores ova
ovary
143
female part of the flower that becomes the fruit
ovary
144
part of the flower that protects the flower while it is still a bud
sepal
145
vertebrates are divided into these groups
amphibians, reptiles, mammals, birds, fish
146
invertebrates are divided into these groups
arthropods
147
it protects your brain
cranium / skull
148
your collar bone is called your
clavicle
149
protects your heart and lungs
rib cage
150
upper arm bone
humerus
151
outer lower arm bone
radius
152
inner lower arm bone
ulna
153
Hip girdle
pelvis
154
thigh bone
femur
155
knee cap
patella
156
shin bone
tibia
157
lower leg outer side bone
fibula
158
what does the spinal column consist of
vertebrae
159
what are the 2 primary functions of the spinal column
1. To support the body's weight allowing it to stand up
| 2. To protect the spinal cord
160
Name the 3 sections that the spine is divided into
1. The cervical spine, 2. The Thoracic spine and 3. The lumbar spine
161
a very light, but strong metal, often used in aircraft construction
aluminium
162
a strong and hard metal use to make tools, nails, fencing and structures
iron
163
What is a disadvantage of iron
it rusts
164
A valuable metal that is very malleable, always shines and never goes dull.
gold
165
A metal that conducts electricity very well
copper
166
a metal that is used to cover iron, to prevent it from rusting
zinc
167
a silver ring that has been covered in a thin layer of gold would be called...
gold-plated
168
What 3 things do you need to start a fire?
fuel, oxygen and heat
