natural selection

Question 1

what is natural selection?

Answer 1

The way in which nature favours the reproductive success of some individuals over others

Question 2

what is evolution

Answer 2

The scientific theory that describes changes in species overtime, and I shared ancestry

Question 3

What’s a theory?

Answer 3

Explanatory model that accounts for a very large body of evidence

Question 4

what does fitness mean?

Answer 4

Suitability for survival and the environment

Question 5

what does success mean?

Answer 5

ongoing potential for survival

Question 6

what does adaption mean?

Answer 6

Physical feature of an organism that contributes to its survival

Question 7

what does viability mean?

Answer 7

To survive and have offspring

Question 8

what is an allele

Answer 8

 Variations of a gene

Question 9

what is a genotype?

Answer 9

Particular alleles present in an individual for a particular trait

Question 10

what is a phenotype?

Answer 10

Physical conditions caused by the activity of genes

Question 11

What is a genome?

Answer 11

Genetics make up of a species

Question 12

what is a gene pool?

Answer 12

All the alleles of a populations consider together, and expressed as a fraction of a total for each gene type

Question 13

What is a harmful mutation?

Answer 13

Reduce the reproductive success of an organism

Question 14

What is beneficial mutation?

Answer 14

Produce a change in an individuals phenotype that gives the individual an advantage

Question 15

What is speciation?

Answer 15

The formation of a new species

Question 16

what does species mean?

Answer 16

All members of a population that can interbreed under natural conditions

Question 17

what is allopatric speciation?

Answer 17

Formation of a new species as a result of evolutionary changes following a period of geographic isolation

Question 18

what is sympatric speciation?

Answer 18

New species evolved from within a large population. Can be sudden or gradual.

Question 19

explain reproductive isolating, mechanism

Answer 19

Behavioural structural or bio chemical trait that prevents individuals of different species from reproducing successfully together

Question 20

what is directional selection?

Answer 20

favours individuals with more extreme variation of a trait

Question 21

what is stabilizing selection?

Answer 21

Favours the average phenotype within population

Question 22

what is disruptive selection?

Answer 22

Favours individuals with variations at opposite extremes of a trait

Question 23

what is sexual selection?

Answer 23

Favouring a trait that specifically enhances the mating success of an individual

Question 24

what is artificial selection?

Answer 24

The controlled captive breeding process like dogs are crops

Question 25

what is a genetic drift?

Answer 25

Changes to allele frequency as a result of chance

Question 26

what is the Genetic bottleneck affect?

Answer 26

Dramatic reduction in population, resulting in a loss of genetic diversity

Question 27

what is the founder effect?

Answer 27

A small number of individuals separate from their original population, and establish a new population

Question 28

What is adaptive radiation?

Answer 28

The relatively rapid evolution of a single species into many new species, feeling a variety of formerly empty ecological niches

Question 29

What is divergent evolution?

Answer 29

The large scale evolution of a group into many different forms

Question 30

what is convergent evolution?

Answer 30

The evolution of similar traits in distantly related species, like sharks and dolphins

Question 31

what is co-evolution

Answer 31

The process in which one species evolves in response to the evolution of another species

Question 32

what is the theory of gradualism?

Answer 32

A theory that attributes large evolutionary changes in species to the accumulation of many small and ongoing changes and processes

Question 33

what is the theory of punctuated equilibrium?

Answer 33

A theory that attributes most evolutionary changes to relatively rapid spurts of change, followed by long periods of little or no change 

Question 34

what is a fossil?

Answer 34

Any ancient remains impressions or traces of an organism or traces of its activity that have been preserved in rocks, or other menu deposits, in earths crust