Natural Selection

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

Deoxyribonucleic acid is a molecule composed of two chains that coil around each other to form a double helix carrying the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses

Question 2

Chargaff’s Rules

Answer 2

Chargaff’s rules state that DNA from any cell of any organisms should have a 1:1 ratio of pyrimidine and purine bases and, more specifically, that the amount of guanine should be equal to cytosine and the amount of adenine should be equal to thymine. This pattern is found in both strands

Question 3

Watson and Crick

Answer 3

Francis Harry Compton Crick OM FRS (8 June 1916 – 28 July 2004) was a British molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist, most noted for being a co-discoverer of the structure of the DNA molecule in 1953 with Rosalind Franklin and James Watson.

Question 4

Rosalind Franklin

Answer 4

Rosalind Elsie Franklin was an English chemist and X-ray crystallographer who made contributions to the understanding of the molecular structures of DNA, RNA, viruses, coal, and graphite.

Question 5

Mutations

Answer 5

the action or process of mutating.

Question 6

adaptation

Answer 6

something produced by adapting: an adaptation of a play for television. Biology . any alteration in the structure or function of an organism or any of its parts that results from natural selection and by which the organism becomes better

Question 7

Species

Answer 7

A species is often defined as a group of individuals that actually or potentially interbreed in nature. … The definition of a species as a group of interbreeding individuals cannot be easily applied to organisms that reproduce only or mainly asexually. Also, many plants, and some animals, form hybrids in nature.

Question 8

Evolution

Answer 8

Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. These characteristics are the expressions of genes that are passed on from parent to offspring during reproduction.

Question 9

Fossils

Answer 9

A fossil is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age. Examples include bones, shells, exoskeletons, stone imprints of animals or microbes, objects preserved in amber, hair, petrified wood, oil, coal, and DNA remnants.

Question 10

Fossil Record

Answer 10

Fossil record, history of life as documented by fossils, the remains or imprints of the organisms from earlier geological periods preserved in sedimentary rock.

Question 11

Charles Darwin

Answer 11

Charles Robert Darwin, FRS FRGS FLS FZS was an English naturalist, geologist and biologist, best known for his contributions to the science of evolution.

Question 12

Trait

Answer 12

In biology, a trait or character is a feature of an organism. The term phenotype is sometimes used as a synonym for trait in common use, but strictly speaking, does not indicate the trait, but the state of that trait

Question 13

Selective Breeding

Answer 13

Selective breeding is the process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively develop particular phenotypic traits by choosing which typically animal or plant males and females will sexually reproduce and have offspring together.

Question 14

Natural Selection

Answer 14

Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype. It is a key mechanism of evolution, the change in the heritable traits characteristic of a population over generations

Question 15

Generation Time

Answer 15

In population biology and demography, the generation time is the average time between two consecutive generations in the lineages of a population. In human populations, the generation time typically ranges from 22 to 33 years.

Question 16

. Speciation

Answer 16

the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.

Question 17

Primates

Answer 17

A mammal of the order Primates, which includes the anthropoids and prosimians, characterized by refined development of the hands and feet, a shortened snout, and a large brain.

Question 18

Hominid

Answer 18

a primate of a family ( Hominidae ) that includes humans and their fossil ancestors and also (in recent systems) at least some of the great apes.

Question 19

Homo sapiens

Answer 19

Humans are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina. They are characterized by erect posture and bipedal locomotion; high manual dexterity and heavy tool use compared to other animals; open-ended …

Question 20

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Answer 20

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