NATURE OF KNOWLEDGE

Question 1

SOLIPSISM

Answer 1

• I am the only thing that actually exists
• Everything is a product of your mind
• What then is the source of my ideas of objects, and why should I think my ideas accurately represent them?

Question 2

Descartes 2 classifications of thought

Answer 2

ideas: some caused from outside, some innate
ideas in action: judgments and emotions

Question 3

degrees of being

Answer 3

• intrinsic/actual
• representative/sujective
  reality

Question 4

2 sources of the nature of error

Answer 4

1. intellect:
   -It neither affirms nor denies propositions.
   -Its role is to present me with ideas regarding which I can make judgments.
2. Will: to accept or reject a
   proposition.
   -Freedom of the will from what our intellect presents

Question 5

descartes truth rule

the cartesian circle

Answer 5

• he assumes the truth of the argument, a circle

Question 6

CPI, what does it prove?

Answer 6

• causal principle of ideas; proves that god exists and is not a deciever
• deception is an imperfection
• if he can prove there is non deceiving god the truth rule is valid
  *we vividly and clearly perceive it

Question 7

empiricism

Answer 7

• all knowledge is derived from sense experience

Question 8

rationalism

Answer 8

• knowledge is derived from reason and logic

Question 9

humes theory of ideas

impressions vs ideas

Answer 9

• impressions; feelings, perceptions, senses, emotions–experience, Make the first appearance in the soul
• ideas; thinking

Question 10

simple idea and impression theory

hume

Answer 10

impression; EX pain
idea; EX thinking about pain
* are ones that don’tallow any distinction or separation ·among their parts·

Question 11

complex theory

Answer 11

impression; listening to an orchestra
idea; thinking about orchestra
* can be distinguished into
parts

Question 12

ideas and impressions correspondence

Answer 12

• Can have an idea about things that aren’t physical or exist; unicorn, there is no impression
• Simple ideas are derived from simple impressions, not vice versa
  -impressions resemble ideas

Question 13

idea of the self

Answer 13

-our concept of the self is of something constant and persistent, but there is no experience that is constant
-so, there is no impression that produces the idea of the self
* therefore there is no real idea of the self that is constant

Question 14

Epiphenomenalism

Answer 14

• physicalism
  *does not have any causal power in the brain or body

and hume’s response

Question 15

the origin of ideas- 2 sources of foundation of knowledge

locke

Answer 15

• sensation: through senses convey to the mind smth that produces the perceptions of the object
• reflection:the notice that the mind takes of what it is doing,
  and how= ideas

Question 16

What are innate ideas?

Answer 16

-ideas already known in the brain, not through experience

Question 17

Locke’s argument why there are no innate ideas

Answer 17

1.the universally accpeted principles-universal consent can be explain in other ways than it being innate
2.children and idiots don’t act the way they should if they has innate ideas

Question 18

argument for innatesness, and locke’s repsonse

Answer 18

-men will come to these truths in the need of reason
-it doesn’t account for mathemeatical maxims, you have to understand them seperately from reason. it doesnt make sense that we have to go through that process to access something given to us by nature
-it goes against the it is, and it is not

Question 19

what is lockes analogy for thinking and the brain

Answer 19

• ideas are to the soul as motion to the body - motion is not essential to the body, thinking is not essential to the min
• it is not self evident

Question 20

hume’s reasons of confusion of our self identity

Answer 20

we confuse 2 mental activities- thinking in a sequence and one uniterrupted object.
the resemblance of these 2 generate confusion
-we use the soul to connect the different parts