Nazi Social Policies Flashcards
(18 cards)
What were Hitler’s ideas about Aryans?
They were the ‘master race’
Blond hair, blue eyes, athletic
Jews, disabled people, homosexuals, ethnic minorities, etc. seen as inferior
When/what were the Nuremburg Laws?
1935
Jews lost citizenship
No right to vote
Couldn’t be in relationships with Aryans
How did the Nazis persecute different minorities? (other than Jews)
25% of Europe’s Roma people killed
Homosexuals sent to concentration camps and experimented on
Beggars sent to labour camps
300,000 disabled people sterilised
T4 programme, disabled people sent to gas chambers until Catholic Church disagreed and stopped it
How did the Nazis learn from the T4 programme?
Gas chambers were effective at killing large numbers of people
Had to remain secret, as people did not fully agree with their ideas yet
When/what was Kristallnacht?
The police were ordered not to prevent attacks on Jews
Jewish homes, synagogues and businesses were destroyed, Jews rounded up and sent to concentration camps
First government-ordered act of discrimination against Jews
How were Jews more harshly discriminated against over time before 1939?
1933: Boycott of Jewish businesses
1935: Nuremburg laws
1936: Jews banned from civil service
1938: Kristallnacht and Aryanisation of Jewish businesses
How were Jews discriminated against after 1939?
1939: Germany invades Poland
Jews forced into ghettoes, isolated from the rest of society in dirty, cramped conditions
1941: Germany invades USSR
Einsatzgruppen rounded up Jews and shot them into mass graves
1942: Wannsee conference, the Holocaust begins
Where were death camps built and why?
In Poland, so the German people didn’t see what was happening
How were Jews treated in concentration camps?
6 million Jews killed
Half a million died from labour
SS hired Jewish slaves to German companies to make high profit
12 hour shifts, little food and no pay
Jews fit and not fit for work were separated into forced labour and gas chambers
80% killed on entry
What were the Nazis’ policies for women?
3Ks - children, church, kitchen
Women were encouraged to have children through propaganda, medals, and marriage loans (1000 marks)
Only allowed 10% of university places
Discouraged from wearing trousers, high heels, and make-up
What were the two types of Churches in Nazi Germany?
Reich Church
Confessing Church
What was the Reich Church like?
Excluded the old testament
Decorated Churches with swastikas
Bible replaced with Mein Kampf
What was the Concordat?
Hitler signed an agreement with the Catholic Church, promised not to interfere if they removed themselves from politics (Centre Party dissolved)
How did Hitler break the Concordat?
Banned youth groups that weren’t Hitler Youth and closed monasteries
What was the encyclical “With Burning Anxiety about?
Opposing the euthanasia of disabled people
How did schools change under the Nazis?
P.E lessons increased - to make boys soldiers and girls mothers
History was changed to teach children how Germany’s leaders were like Hitler and Jews losing WW1
Race studies taught, Jews humiliated in class
Jewish teachers sacked
All teachers joined the Nazi Teachers’ League
How did the Nazis deal with the Church’s opposition?
Jehovah’s Witnesses sent to concentration camps because they were pacifists
Catholic priests sent to concentration camps
Niemoller executed
Why were youth groups important to Hitler?
They represented the future of the 1000-year Reich
Wanted a generation of Germans loyal to him
